优品课件之初一至初三全程英语知识点总结及练习
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初一至初三全程英语知识点总结及练习§299seat/ sit Ⅰ.seat 多用作名词。
表“座位”,当它用作动词时表“坐、就座”,是及物动词,与反身代词连用。
如:① He seated himself at a desk. 他在桌旁坐下。
② Please be seated , gentlemen.请就座,各位先生。
③ Please go back to your seat. 请回到你的座位上去。
Ⅱ. sit 为不及物动词。
如:①Sit down , please.§300see sb doing sth/ do sth Ⅰ.see sb doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事”,用动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语,表动作正在进行。
Ⅱ.see sb do sth. “见到某人做了某事”,表动作发生了,即动作的全部过程已经结束了。
类似的动词还有:hear, feel, watch,等感官动词,及have, let, make等使役动词。
如:① She saw a boy go into your classroom. 她看见一个男孩进了人的教室。
② I saw him walking in the street.我看见他正在街上散步。
③ The teacher heard Jim reading English when she came in. 老师进来时,听见Jim在读英语。
§301so…that / such…that Ⅰ. so that 可引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句,引导目的状语从句时,句中常有情态动词can, could 等。
如:① They climbed higher so that they might see farther. 他们爬得更高,以便看得更远。
② I got up early this mornign so that I caught the first bus. 今天早晨我起得很早,结果赶上了头班车。
Ⅱ. so …that “如此……以致……”,so 是副词,在其后可跟形容词或副词,再跟that引导结果状语从句。
如:① He spoke so fast that no one could unders tand him. 他说得太快,没人能听得懂。
② The T-shirt cost so little that she bought several. 那件T恤衫很便宜,她买了好几件。
Ⅲ. such … that 与so … that 同意。
但such 后跟名词或名词短语。
如:① She is such a girl that everyone likes her. 她是个人人喜欢的女孩。
② He made such raped progress that before long he began to write articles in English for an American newspaper. 他进步如此之快,以至于不久就开始用英语给一家美国报纸撰稿了。
[注]:如果名词前为many 修饰时,用so 而不用such. 见下节例子。
§302so/ such Ⅰ. 两者都可以表“这样、如此”之意。
So 是副词,用来修饰形容词或副词。
如:① I am so glad to hear from my friend.收到朋友的信我真高兴。
② He writes so well. 他写得这么好。
Ⅱ. Such 是形容词,用来修饰单数可数名词,其后需加不定冠词 a 或an. 如:① He told us such a funny story. 他给我讲了一个很有趣的故事。
② You are interested in such things. 你对这样的事感兴趣。
[注意]:当单数可数名词前面有形容词修饰时,也可以有 so, 但要调整冠词的位置。
① He told us so funny a story. 他给我讲了一个如此有趣的故事。
如果被修饰的名词前有表“多”或“少”这两个意义的 many, much, small 和 little 时,用 so 而不用 such. 如:① Don’t bame him. He is just such a little boy. 别责备他,他只是这么小的一个孩子。
② We have a long way to go yet, but there’s so little water left. 我们还有很长的路要走,但所剩的水已很少了。
§304socks/ stockings Ⅰ. socks 指不到膝盖的“短袜”如:① He b ought a pair of nylon socks. 他买了一双尼龙袜。
② My socks have been darned [da:nd] again and again. 我袜子已经一补再补。
Ⅱ. stockings 指到膝盖或过膝盖的“长袜”。
如:① She bought a pair of silk stockings. 她买了一双长丝袜。
§305some time/ sometime/ sometimes/some times Ⅰ,sometime,是副词,意为“在某个时候”,可与将来时连用,也可以与过去时连用。
如:③ He was here sometime last year. 去年某一时候他在此地。
④ We shall visit the Science Museum sometime next week. 我们将在下周的某一时候去参观科学馆。
Ⅱ.some time 是名词词组,意为“一段时间”。
也可副词词组,用来指一个未肯定的时间,常指将来,可与sometime通用。
① I stayed here for some time. 我在这儿呆了一段时间。
② Let’s have dinner some time(=sometime) next week. 下星期我们找个时间一块吃顿饭。
Ⅲ.sometimes. “有时、不时”,是频度副词,常与一般现在时或过去时连用。
如:② Sometimes they make modes ships.有时他们制作轮船模型。
Ⅳ.sometimes “几次、几倍” 表次数或倍数。
如:① We have been there some times. 我们去那儿几次了。
§306sound/ voice/ noise Ⅰ. sound “声音”,为最常用词,指可以听到的任何声音,强的,弱的,令人愉快的或不愉快的,有意义的或无意义的。
如:① I was reading last night, when suddenly I heard a sound in the next room. 昨晚我正看书时,突然听到隔壁房间有声音。
② Not a sound was heard. 听不到一点声音。
Ⅱ. noise 常指太响或人们不愿听到的声音,“嘈杂声、喧闹声”。
① I am always disturbed by the noise of the traffic. 我老受到车辆噪声的打扰。
② The boys made too much noise. 孩子们太吵闹了。
Ⅲ. voice 指“说话声”“唱歌声”“嗓音”如:① That sounds like Mary’s voice. 那声音听起来好象玛丽的声音。
② She has lost her voice.她嗓子哑了。
§307space/ universe Ⅰ. space “宇宙”指“空间,时间”如:① The earth moves through sp ace.地球在太空中运行。
② The moon is our nearest neighbour in space and men have visited it already. 在宇宙里,月球是我们最近的邻居,人们已经访问过它了。
③ There isn’t enough space in the classroom for thirty desks. 教室里没有足够的空间放三十张桌子。
Ⅱ. universe “宇宙”是世界上独一无二的。
前要用定冠词the. 除指时、空外,还指在时、空内万事万物。
① Our world is only a small part of the universe.我们的世界只是宇宙的一小部分。
§308steal/ rob Ⅰ. steal “偷”,指暗中盗取,句型为“steal +被盗物+from+被盗人或地点”。
如:① Their car was stolen。
他们的汽车被偷了。
② He stole some money from her. 他偷了她的钱。
Ⅱ. rob “抢劫”,指公然用暴力抢劫他人物品,句型为:“rob+被盗人或地点+of+被盗物”。
如:③ Their car was robbed. 他们的汽车被抢了。
④ He robbed her of her money. 他抢了她的钱。
[注]:和steal相关的名词是“thief”(贼,小偷);和rob 相关的名词是robber “强盗,盗贼”§309 stop doing sth/ stop to do sth/ stop from doing sthⅠ.stop doing sth.“停止做某事”表停止正在做的事情。
如:① They stoped talking to me. 他们中断了与我交谈。
② Stop running about. 不要乱跑。
Ⅱ.stop to do sth. “停下来去做某事”即停止正在做的事,而去做另一件事。
不定式为stop的目的状语。
如:③ They stopped to talk to me. 他们停下来和我交谈。
④ Let’s stop to have a rest 让我们停下来休息一会儿。
Ⅲ.stop (sb/sth).from doing sth. “阻止某人/物不要做某事”from可省略。
=prevent sb. from doing sth; keep sb. from doing sth. 但keep~ 中的from不能省略。
如:⑤ We must stop him (from) doing such a foolish thing. 我们必须阻止他做这样的蠢事。
⑥ The Green Great Wall stopped the wind blowing the sand to the field of the south.⑦ You’d better keep the fire 你最好§310 stop/ statio n Ⅰ.stop 表“站”,一般指路途的公共汽车停靠点。