Module 1 Deep South grammar 导学案-外研选修8精品

Module 1 grammar 导学案

一．非谓语动词时态和语态的形式

动词不定式 动词-ing 动词过去分词

一般式

一般被动式

完成式

完成被动式

进行式

完成进行式

二．非谓语动词是高考热点， 应注意以下几方面：

1. to do 和v-ing 作主语：

1) Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old.__________________________

2) It would be best to tell him the truth.____________________________________________

3) Seeing is believing./ To see is to believe.___________________________________________

4) It’s difficult for a child to understand it.__________________________________________

It’s no good / not any good/ no use/ not any use/ a waste of time …doing.

吸烟是没有好处的。__________________________________________________________

2.只接动词不定式作宾语的动词：___________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

注意：动词consider， make， feel， know ， regard， think of， believe等后面常跟形式宾语it， 而将真正的宾语“不定式”后置。

Eg: We all think it most foolish of you to make this mistake._____________________________

所有人都认为努力学习是必要的。_______________________________________________

3.只接v-ing形式作宾语的动词：____________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Eg: He considers going abroad.____________________________________________________

注意：

1) 有些动词既跟不定式也用动词ing，意义无较大区别：_______________________________

____________________________________________________________________________ 2) 有些动词既跟不定式也用动词ing， 意义完全不同：________________________________.

Eg: try doing sth_________________ try to do sth_____________________

regret doing sth__________________ regret to do sth_______________

mean doing sth____________________ mean to do sth_______________

3)动词“need， require， want， deserve”做需要讲时，其后接__________=________________这是v-ing_________________________________.

4.做宾语补足语：to do / v-ed / v-ing

1) 下列动词跟带“to” 的不定式做补语______________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________等。

2)在_______________________________________________________________________等之后，宾补用_____________， 但在改成被动语态时要加上____________.

Eg：The doctor made him stay in bed for a week ._____________________________________

3)现在分词v-ing与不定式做宾补的区别：v-ing表示_______________________________；To do表示_________________________________

Eg: We watched her crossing the street.___________________________________________

We watched her cross the street._______________________________________________

4)v-ing 和v-ed做宾补的区别：v-ing表示___________________________________；v-ed表示

_______________________________________.

Eg: We heard her singing the song yesterday at the party._____________________________

He has never heard a word of English spoken.__________________________________

5)非谓语做定语的不同时间含义

Eg: The problem to be discussed next is about the Civil War of America._________________

The problem being discussed now is about the Civil War of America.________________

The problem discussed two hours ago is about the Civil War of America._____________

注意：下列几种情况通常用不定式作定语

(1)___________________________________________ He is the best/ first man to do the job.

(2)__________________________________________________________________等。

I have no chance to go sightseeing./ The poor boy has no ability to read..

6)非谓语动词做状语时的不同含义

(1)to do ______________， _______________________-

Eg. In order to achieve this aim ， we must learn from other countries.

She was too excited to say a single word.

注意：to do 和 v-ing 做结果状语的区别

to do _____________________________； v-ing ______________________________

Eg:He jumped into the river to save a child only to break his own leg. His father died， leaving him a lot debts.

(2)v-ing 形式和v-ed形式作状语可表______，_____ ，______，______，_____，_____等。

Eg: Walking out of the room， he saw the boy still there.___________

He will come if invited.___________

(3)独立成分作状语，其形式不受上下文影响，这些短语称作独立成分。

Frankly speaking…_________________ Honestly speaking…___________________

Judging from…____________________ considering…_________________________

To tell the truth…___________________

Eg:说实话， 他不适合干这份工作。_______________________________________________

从他的口音来判断， 他是南方人。___________________________________________

三.Exercise

1.用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空

1) The headmaster had meant _________(put off) the sports meeting until next week.

2) The temperature is high enough ________(change) water into steam.

3) ______(look)on top of the wall， I saw many tall buildings.

4) Please remain________(seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.