第一学期作业（大学英语Ⅲ）第4次作业姓名：银召林学号：专业：土木工程（工程管理）班级：土木工程（工程管理）2013－78班（专本）二、主观题(共1道小题)41. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic “A City to Remember”. You should write no less than 80 words.三、阅读理解、完形填空题(共5道小题)42.Once upon a time there lived a beautiful young woman and a handsome young man. They were very poor, but as they were deeply in love, they wanted to get ma rried. The young people’s parents shook their heads. “You can’t get married yet”, they said. “Wait till you get a good job with good prospects.” So the young people waited until they found good jobs with good prospects and they were able to get married. T hey were still poor, of course. They didn’t have a house to live in or any furniture, but that didn’t matter. The young man had a good job with good prospects, so large organizations lent him the money he needed to buy a house, some furniture, all the latest electrical appliances and a car. The couple lived happily ever after paying off debts for the rest of their lives. And so ends another modern romantic fable.We live in a materialistic society and are trained from our earliest years to be acquisitive. Our possessions, “mine” and “yours”, are clearly labeled from early childhood. When we grow old enough to earn a living, it does not surprise us to discover that success is measured in terms of the money you earn. We spend the whole of our lives keeping up with our neighbors, the Joneses. If we buy a new television set, Jones is bound to buy a bigger and better one. If we buy a new car, we can be sure that Jones will go one better and get two new cars: one for his wife and one for himself. The most amusing thing about this game is that the Joneses and all the neighbors who are struggling frantically to keep up with them, are spending borrowed money kindly provided, at a suitable rate of interest, of course, by friendly banks, insurance companies, etc.[共5题](1) By the fable, the author wants to convey __________.(A) the value of love(B) importance of parents in marriage(C) good job is the basis of a happy marriage(D) we live in a materialistic society(2) In the second paragraph the phrase “keep up with the Joneses” means __________.(A) doing something in order to be as good as other people, because they are the best(B) doing something in order to show they have as much money as other people, rather than because they really want to do it(C) doing something with the Joneses in order to keep them company(D) doing something with the Joneses in order to learn their good points(3) According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?(A) We don’t develop the concept of “possession” until the adulthood.(B) Joneses buy a new TV because the old one is too small.(C) Bigger TV and better cars are bought just to keep up with the Joneses.(D) Friendly banks lend Joneses the money at a very low rate of interest.(4) Which one of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?(A) Joneses and neighbors are spending borrowed money.(B) We live in a materialistic society and are trained from our earliest years to be acquisitive.(C) Our possessio ns, ‘mine’ and ‘yours’, are clearly labeled from early childhood.(D) We spend the whole of our lives keeping up with our neighbors, the Joneses.(5) Which of the following best describes the author’s tone in this passage?(A) Ironic(B) Optimistic(C) Objective(D) Neutral43.In all American history, there is no story stranger than that of John A. Sutter. When the independence of California was declared in 1846, San Francisco was a small town of some 800 inhabitants. Then, in 1848, gold was discovered on land not far away. This land was owned by John A. Sutter.During the famous Gold Rush of 1849, there was a vast movement of people toward San Francisco and the gold fields. The city grew to three times its size in just a few weeks. Previously a quiet, pleasant town, San Francisco was changed almost overnight into a rough and crowded city. The same factors that operated to change San Francisco also changed the life of Sutter. Sutter was a citizen of Switzerland. He had come, penniless, in the spirit of adventure to the United States. By chance, he obtained the rights to a large piece of land, some seventy miles north of San Francisco. Here Sutter established his own private colony. As an intelligent, well-educated man, he built a fort, inside which he established a large trading post. He became a very rich man.Then in 1848, in a stream leading from a mill, one of Sutter’s workmen found some pieces of gold. At first, Sutter tried to keep the news quiet. He had dreams of becoming richer, perhaps the richest man in the whole world. But, within a few weeks, the news about the gold leaked out. Men descended upon his land from all directions. These people killed his cattle, stole his farm produce and tools, and tore down his buildings to obtain wood to build homes for themselves. The city of Sacramento sprang up where Sutter’s fort stood. On the site of his saw mill grew up the present city of Coloma.[共5题](1) Which of the following is TRUE about Sutter?(A) Poor as he was, Sutter was full of adventurous spirit.(B) Sutter got his college education in Switzerland.(C) Sutter was a colonist.(D) Sutter was the richest man in the whole world.(2) From the passage we know that __________.(A) Sutter declared the news of gold discovery(B) men descended upon Sutter’s land to explore the gold for him(C) while building a saw mill, Sutter himself found some pieces of gold(D) the city of Sacramento sprang up because of the gold discovery(3) The change of both San Francisco and the life of Sutter was due to __________.(A) the movement of people toward San Francisco(B) the independence of California(C) the Gold discovery(D) the spirit of adventure(4) __________ attracted people coming from all directio ns to Sutter’s colony.(A) Sutter’s large trading post(B) Sutter’s wealth(C) The discovery of gold on Sutter’s land(D) Sutter’s intelligence(5) What does the underlined world “quiet” mean?(A) With little or no movement or sound(B) Not open or revealed(C) Free from excitement, trouble, anxiety(D) Gentle, not rough44.The automobile has many advantages. Above all, it offers people freedom to go wherever and whenever they want to go. The basic purpose of a motor vehicle is to get from point A to point B as cheaply, quickly, and safely as possible. However, to most people, cars are also personal fantasy machines that serve as symbols of power, success, speed, excitement, and adventure.In addition, much of the world’s e conomy is built on producing motor vehicles and supplying roads, services, and repairs for those vehicles. Half of the world’s paychecks are auto related. In the United States, one of every six dollars spent and one of every six non-farm jobs are connected to the automobile or related industries, such as oil, steel, rubber, plastics, automobile services, and highway construction.In spite of their advantages, motor vehicles have many harmful effects on human lives and on air, water, land, and wildlife resources. The automobile may be the most destructive machine ever invented. Though we tend to deny it, riding in cars is one of the most dangerous things we do in our daily lives.Since 1885, when Karl Benz built the first automobile, almost 18 million people have been killed by motor vehicles. Every year, cars and trucks worldwide kill an average of 250,000 people －as many as were killed in the atomic bomb attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki－and injure or permanently disable ten million more. Half of the world’s people will be involved in an auto accident at some time during their lives.Since the automobile was introduced, almost three million Americans have been killed on the highways－about twice the number of Americans killed on the battlefield in all U.S. wars. In addition to the tragic loss of life, these accidents cost American society about ＄60 billion annually in lost income and in insurance, administrative, and legal expenses.Streets that used to be for people are now for cars. Pedestrians and people riding bicycles in the streets are subjected to noise, pollution, stress, and danger.Motor vehicles are the largest source of air pollution, producing a haze of smog over the world’s cities. In the United States, they produce at least 50% of the country’s air pollution.[共5题](1) Besides its basic purpose, Car also serves as a symbol of people’s _________.(A) occupation(B) status(C) character(D) reputation(2) According to the passage, the average number of people killed annually in traffic accidents around the world is __________.(A) 60 million(B) 250,000(C) 3 million(D) 18 million(3) A serious environmental problem resulting from automobiles is _________.(A) tragic loss of life(B) traffic jams(C) air pollution(D) mental stress(4) Which of the follow can be inferred from this passage?(A) Automobiles are an important part of the world’s economy.(B) Automobiles are becoming less dangerous.(C) Automobiles will produce less air pollution in the future.(D) Automobiles are killing more people in recent years than in the past.(5) The title that suits the passage best is _________.(A) Automobile and Economy(B) Automobile and the Environment(C) The Problems with the Automobile(D) Advantages and Disadvantages of the Automobile45.I don’t know how I became a writer, but I think it was because of a certain force in me that had to write and that finally burst through and found a channel. My people were of the working class of people. My father, a stone-cutter, was a man with a great respect and veneration for literature. He had a tremendous memory, and he loved poetry, and the poetry that he loved best was naturally of the rhetorical kind that such a man would like. Nevertheless it was good poetry, Hamlet’s Soliloquy, Macbeth, Mark Antony’s “Funeral Oration”, Grey’s “Elegy”, and all the rest of it. I heard it all as a child; I memorized and learned it all.He sent me to college to the state university.The desire to write, which had been strong during all my days in high school, grew stronger still. I was editor of the college paper, the college magazine, etc., and in my last year or two I was a member of a course in playwriting which had just been established there. I wrote several little one-act plays, still thinking I would become a lawyer or a newspaper man, never daring to believe I could seriously become a writer. Then I went to Harvard, wrote some more plays there, became obsessed with the idea that I had to be a playwright, left Harvard, had my plays rejected, and finally in the autumn of 1926, how, why, or in what manner I have never exactly been able to determine. But probably because the force in me that had to write at length sought out its channel, I began to write my first book in London, I was living all alone at that time.I had two rooms－a bedroom and a sitting room－in a litter square in Chelsea in which all the houses had that familiar, smoked brick and cream-yellow-plaster look.[共5题](1) We may conclude, in regard to the author’s development as a writer, that his father _________.(A) made an important contribution(B) provided him with good education(C) opposed his becoming a writer(D) insisted that he memorize good poetry in order to learn how to be a writer(2) The author believes that he became a writer mostly because of _________.(A) his special talent(B) his father’s teaching(C) his study at Harvard(D) a strong hidden wish within him(3) Which of the following is TRUE about the author?(A) He began to think of becoming a writer at Harvard.(B) He had always been successful in his writing career.(C) He went to Harvard to learn to write plays.(D) He worked as a newspaper man before becoming a writer.(4) The author really started on his way to become a writer _________.(A) when he was in high school(B) when he was studying at Harvard(C) when he lived in London(D) after he entered college(5) According to the passage, about t he author’s life in 1926 which of the following conclusions CANNOT be safely drawn?(A) He lost the ability to determine in which direction he should go.(B) He was depressed about having his plays rejected.(C) He lived in a house which had smoked brick and cream-yellow-plaster look.(D) He started his first novel.46. Does money buy happiness? No! Ah, would a little more money make us __(1)__ happier? Many of us would agree. There is, we believe, some connection between having money and feeling fantastic. Most of us would say that, yes, we __(2)__ to be rich. Three in four American college students now consider it is “very important” or “essential” __(3)__ they become “very well off financially”. Money matters. Well, are the rich people happier? Researchers have found that in poor countries, such as Bangladesh, being __(4)__ well off does make for greater well-being. We need food, rest, shelter and __(5)__ contact. But a surprising fact of life is that in countries where everyone can __(6)__ life’s necessities, increasing affluence matters surprisingly little. The correlation __(7)__ wealth and happiness is “surprisingly weak”, observed University of Michigan researcher, Ronald Inglehart, in one 16-nation study of 170,000 people. Once comfortable, more money provides diminishing returns. The second piece of pie, or the second vertastesasgdasthefirstEvenloerywrsandtheForbes100weahiestAmericanshaveexpressedonlyslightl ygreaterhapπssthanthe8AmericanMakgitbigbrgstemporaryjoyBut9weahislikeheahtheuerencec anbr eedmiserybuthavgitdoesntguaranteehapπssHapπssseemsssamaerofgwwe want10ofwantgwwehave 共10题](1)(A) more(B) less(D) a little(2)(A) would like(B) had better(C) would better(D) had like(3)(A) what(B) when(C) that(D) where(4)(A) relative(B) relatively(C) relation(D) relate(5)(A) social(B) society(C) sociable(D) socialize(6)(A) affect(B) afford(C) affair(D) affirm(7)(A) among(B) in(C) with(D) between(8)(A) special(B) unusual(C) average(D) public(9)(A) in the long run(B) for the long run(C) at the long run(D) on the long run(10)(A) over(C) to(D) instead。
