八种英语时态语法(全)
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一、 一般现在时
1.概念：表示经常性的事情，经常性的动作或一般性事实。
2. 基本结构：主语 + 动词原形/be动词（is,are,am）+其他成分。（如主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词要改为第三人称单数形式）
2.1（1） 否定形式：is，are ,am加not;若句子的谓语动词为实义动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原实义动词。 （2） 一般疑问句：若句子的谓语是be动词，那么要把be动词放于句首；若句子的动词是实义动词，就借助助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原实义动词。
2.2谓语动词的―三单规则变化‖
1) 直接在动词原形后加-s.
ask---asks work---works get---gets stay---stays
2) 以字母s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es.
watch---watches wish---wishes fix---fixes
do---does go---goes pass---passes
3) 以―辅音字母加 - y‖结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-es.
try---tries study---studies cry---cries fly---flies
3.用法
a) 表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作。
My sister wears glasses. 我妹妹戴眼镜。
He often goes to the cinema. 他经常去看电影。
【注】询问某人的习惯时，有时还可用ever。如：
―Do you ever eat meat?‖ ―No, I never eat meat.‖―你吃肉吗?‖―从不吃肉。‖
b) 表示现在(或经常性)的情况或状态。
Mother is ill. 母亲病了。
He is always like that. 他总是那样。
He likes living in the country. 他喜欢住在乡下。
We need a lot of money. 我们需要一大笔钱。
c) 表示现在的能力、特征、职业等。如：
He sings well. 他唱歌唱得好。
Mr. Smith teaches French. 史密斯先生教法语。
d) 表示客观真理、科学事实、格言以及不受时间限制的客观存在。
Summer follows spring. 春去夏来。
Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
The earth turns around the sun. 地球绕着太
4.标志词：通常与一般现在时连用的词有： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…),
on Sundays，everyday, in the morning, once a week, three times a week等
练习题
1. _________Alice often play the piano. No, she __________. A. Do; do B. Does; does C. Does; doesn’t
2. ________ your pen friend _______ in Beijing?
A. Do; live B. Do; lives C. Does; live
3. Tom and Mike _______ very excited, they will take
a trip.
A. is B. are C. am
4. I like ________ very much. What about you?
A. dance B. danced C. dancing
5. I can’t find my pen. Let me _______.
A. go and ask her B. go and ask hers C.
go and ask she
6. Fang fang is a good student. She _______math.
A. does good at B. well do it C. is good at
7. The kite _______ a bird. A. look like B. is
looking C. looks like
8. Bill and I _______ good friends.
A. is B. are C. am
9. Sandy often ________ his homework on Sundays.
A. do B. does C. did
10. What do you usually do on the weekend? I
__________.
A. went swimming B. go swimming C.
visited grandparents
11. What do you usually do on your holiday?
A. saw elephants B. sing and dance C. took picture
12. I ________ a student. I go to school _______bus
every day.
A. is; by B. am; on C. am; by
13. I _______ a brother. She _______ a sister.
A. have; has B. has; has C. have;
have
14. You _________ a student. He ________ a teacher.
A. is; is B. are; is C. are; are
15. He always _________ football games.
A. watches B. watch C. doesn’t
16. My best friend _______ shells.
A. collects B. collect C. often
17. She doesn’t ________ listening to the music.
A. often B. like C. likes
18. My mother and I _________ always watch
romantic films.
A. doesn’t B. don’t C. do
19. ---When _______ he get home on Friday?
----He gets home at four on Friday.
A. do B. does C. did
20. Summer _________ spring.
A. comes after B. comes in C .comes
before
二、 一般过去时
1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.基本结构：主语+动词的过去式/be(was/were) +其他成分
2.1（1）否定形式：若是be动词其形式为：was/were+ not，若是实义动词的过去式，就在实义动词前加didn't，同时还原实义动词。（2）一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did
提问，同时还原实义动词。
2.2 动词原形变过去式的规则变化
直接加ed
work— worked look—looked play—played,
以e结尾的单词，直接加d：
live —lived hope—hoped use—used,
以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed
study——studied carry—carried worry—worried, 以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加ed
enjoy —enjoyed play—played
以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed
stop—stopped plan—planned
3.用法
1）表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
I got up at six this morning.今天早上我六点起的床。
We visited the factory last week.上周我们参观了那个工厂。
2）表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。
When I was in the countryside, I often swam in the river.
当我在乡下时，我常常在河里游泳。
4.标志词
ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5,
one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
一般过去时练习：写出下列动词的过去式
is\am_________ fly_______ study________ are
________ drink_________
play_______ go________ make ________
does_________ dance________
worry________ ask
_____ taste_________ eat__________
draw________
put ______
have________
stop_________ read_______ do ________
二、句型转换。
1. Tom listened to CDs yesterday. (变否定句)
Tom
to CDs yesterday.
2. Father slept all day last Monday. (改一般疑问句)
Father
all day last Monday?
3. I was very busy last week. (改否定句和一般疑问句)
