非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词、分词（现在分词和过去分词）非谓语动词的使用条件_个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词），又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时一. 不定式（to+do）厂主语表语不定式J宾语宾语补足语定语匸状语①主语：To study English well is difficult ,=It is difficult to study English well.动词不定式作主语时，常用it做形式主语如要说明动词不定式的动作的执行者，则有两种情况：It 后形容词为easy, difficult, hard, good, useful, wrong, right, necessary, impossible, important 等修饰to do这个动作的或词组a great day, a great thing, a pity等。
・It is +形容词+for sb +不定式短语。
It is right for rich people to help poor people.如果表语是kind, nice, clever, wise, foolish, careless等描述动作执彳亍者的性格品质的形容词时,则句型结构为:It is +形容词+ of sb. +不定式短语。
It's kind ofyou to help me with my math.②表语：His job is to clean the classroom.③宾语：下列动词后常跟不定式做宾语：agree;choose;fail; intend; learn; manage; offer; plan; pretend; promise; prefer; refuse;, want, arrange, ‘hesitate（犹豫）,determine,decide, attempt, hope, wish,expect,, long, hate 等。
非谓语动词非谓语动词作定语和状语的用法是语法填空的常考点，从形式上看，主要考查动词不定式的一般式，现在分词的一般式和过去分词；非谓语动词作状语的考查频率相对更高。
非谓语动词分类：①动词不定式①动名词①现在分词①过去分词非谓语动词备考：非谓语动词作状语、定语、宾语、宾补、主语和表语高频考点突破考点1非谓语动词的形式及句法功能考点2非谓语动词作状语1.分词作状语(表时间、原因、条件、结果、方式或伴随、让步等)(1)现在分词作状语时，如果句子的主语是分词动作的发出者，就用现在分词形式(doing)；若现在分词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，则用现在分词的完成形式(having done)；若与句中主语为逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动词动作发生，用现在分词完成式的被动形式(having been done)。
Hearing the news，they got very excited.听到这个消息，他们很兴奋。
Having cleaned the desks，we began reading books.擦完桌子后，我们便开始看书。
Having been shown around the classrooms，we were taken to see the library.我们被领着看了教室后，又被带去看图书馆。
(2)过去分词作状语时，分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间是动宾关系。
Seen from the top of the mountain，the city is very beautiful.从山顶上看，这座城市很漂亮。
2．不定式作状语(1)作目的状语。
动词不定式动作必须是主语发出的，其他非谓语动词形式不能用作目的状语。
常位于句首或句中，形式上可用in order to do，so as to do，to do等，但so as to do不能置于句首。
In order to pass the exam，he worked hard.为了通过考试，他努力学习。
非谓语动词考点归纳非谓语动词使用条件一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。
She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.非谓语动词的句法功能可充当成分:主语, 宾语, 宾语补足语, 表语, 定语, 状语.不定式在七个感官动词see, hear, feel, watch,find, notice, listen to, 三个使役动词let, have, make等后作宾补时,to要省略不定式运用口诀本领最多不定式，主、表、宾、补、定和状。
样样成分都能干，只有谓语它不敢。
大家千万要当心，有时它把句型改，作主宾时用“it”, 自己在后把身藏。
七个感官三使役，宾补要把to甩开；疑问词后接上它，宾语从句可充当；逻辑主语不定式，不定式前for sb. ;to前not是否定，各种用法区别开。
1.不定式作主语T o lose your heart means failure.It took me only five minutes to finish the job.T o do two things at a time is to do neither．2.不定式作宾语Y ou needn't bother to come yourself.They are considering what to do next.Some who were famous in their own times would find it difficult to achieve success today.要求接不定式作宾语的动词：afford、promise、refuse、expect、hope、learn、offer、wish、want、fail、plan、agree、forget、like、prefer、decide、manage、try、arrange、determine、desire1. I think you’ll grow ________ him when you know him better.2. I don’t know whether you happen, but I’m goin g to study in the U.S.A. this September . A．to be heard B．to be hearing C．to hear D．to have heard3.不定式作表语●What she wants to do most now is (to) travel abroad.●The most important thing is to take measures to prevent the pollution. 主语的内容或性质He is to marry Rose.表按计划要做的事情.4.不定式作定语●I need a pen to write with.●Charles Lindbergh is the first man to fly the Atlantic alone.●The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important.5.不定式作宾语补足语We often hear her sing the song at home.My teacher asked me to go there on time.She was considered to have stolen the money.接省to不定式作宾语补足语的动词：see、watch、notice、hear、listen to、observe、feel、taste、smell、make、let、haveMy advisor encouraged______ a summer course to improve my writing skills.A. for me takingB. me takingC. for me to takeD. me to take6. 不定式作目的状语Tim sat near the fire to get warm. The athletes practised hard to win the match.相当于用in order (not) to，so as (not) to引导的目的状语.1. Helen had to shout _____ above the sound of the music.A. making herself hearB. to make herself hearC. making herself heardD. to make herself heard 2．All these gifts must be mailed immediately _______ in time for Christmas.A．in order to have received B．in order to receive C．so as to be received D．so as to be receiving 3. _________ more about university courses, call (920) 746-3789.A．T o find out B．Finding out C．Find out D．Having found out4. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _______ a look at the sports stars.A. hadB. havingC. to haveD. have7.不定式作结果状语常用enough to，sufficient to，only to，never to，so + 形容词/副词+ as to, such + 名词… as to do引导。
【一轮复习讲义】2024年高考英语高频考点题型归纳与方法总结（新高考通用）第07讲非谓语动词（精讲）题型目录一览非谓语动词做主语非谓语动词作宾语非谓语动词作补语非谓语动词作表语非谓语动词作定语非谓语动词作状语非谓语动词也可称之为非限定动词（non-finite verbs），指的是由动词变化而成，同时具有动词性质和原义，但是不能在句子中充当谓语成分的动词。
根据定义可h知，该类此依旧可以和动词一样带宾语，副词，补语等。
主要分三类：不定式（Infinitive）；动名词（Gerund）；分词（Participle）一、知识点梳理一、非谓语动词做主语前提：3种非谓语中，只有不定式（to do）和动名词（doing）可以作主语，分词不可以。
【不定式VS动名词】1）动名词表达的是：状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的不定式表达的是：目的，结果，原因，具体，一次性，将发生的Eg1：Smoking and drinking alcohol do harm to health.（抽象）吸烟饮酒有害健康。
Eg2：To smoke and to drink alcohol so much do harm to health.（具体）吸烟饮酒有害健康。
2）It句型中，【1】It作形式主语，动名词作真正主语。
常见于：“It is no use/no good/fun/a waste of time/ a good pleasure之类的名词+动名词”；和“It is useless/nice/good/interesting/worthwhile之类的形容词+动名词“结构中作主语。
【2】It作形式主语，不定式作真正主语。
常见于：”It is +adj + to do sth; It is +adj +for/of sb+to do sth;“Eg1：It is a waste of time arguing with people like him.和像他这样的人争论是在浪费时间的。
