2019年大学英语四级考试模拟试题
PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)
SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredto
selectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninaword
bankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybefore
makingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.
PleasemarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingle
linethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebank
morethanonce.
Themethodofmakingbeerhaschangedovertime.Hops(啤酒花),forexample,whichgivemanyamodernbeeritsbitterflavor,area112611recent
additiontothebeverage.Thiswasfirstmentionedinreferencetobrewinginthe
ninthcentury.Now,researchershavefounda112711ingredientinresidue(残留物)
from5000-year-oldbeerbrewingequipment.Whilediggingtwopitsatasitein
thecentralplainsofChina,scientistsdiscoveredfragmentsfrompotsandvessels.
Thedifferentshapesofthecontainers112811theywereusedtobrew,filter,and
storebeer.Theymaybeancient“beer-makingtools,”andtheearliest112911
evidenceofbeerbrewinginChina,theresearchersreportedintheProceedingsof
theNationalAcademyofSciences.To113011thattheory,theteamexaminedthe
yellowish,dried113111insidethevessels.Themajorityofthegrains,about80%,
werefromcentralcropslikebarley(大麦),andabout10%werebitsofroots,
113211lily,whichwouldhavemadethebeersweeter,thescientistssay.Barleywasanunexpectedfind:thecropwasdomesticatedinWesternEurasiaanddidn’t
becomea113311foodincentralChinauntilabout2,000yearsago,accordingto
theresearchers.Basedonthattiming,theyindicatebarleymayhave113411inthe
regionnotasfood,butas113511materialforbeerbrewing.A)arrived
B)consuming
C)direct
D)exclusively
E)including
F)informI)relatively
J)remains
K)resources
L)staple
M)suggest
N)surprisingG)raw
H)reachedO)test
SectionB
Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatements
attachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneofthe
paragraphs.Indentifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationis
derived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphis
markedwithaletter.Answerthequestionsbymarkingthe
correspondingletteronAnswerSheet2.
TheBlessingandCurseofthePeopleWhoNeverForgetAhandfulofpeoplecanrecallalmosteverydayoftheirlivesinenormousdetail
—andafteryearsofresearch,neuroscientistsarefinallybeginningtounderstand
howtheydoit.
[A]Formostofus,memoryisamessofblurredandfadedpicturesofourlives.As
muchaswewouldliketoclingontoourpast,eventhesaddestmomentscan
bewashedawaywithtime.
[B]AskNimaVeisehwhathewasdoingforanydayinthepast15years,however,
andhewillgiveyouthedetailsoftheweather,whathewaswearing,oreven
whatsideofthetrainhewassittingonhisjourneytowork.“Mymemoryis
likealibraryofvideotapes,walk-throughsofeverydayofmylifefromwalking
tosleeping,”heexplains.[C]Veisehcanevenputadateonwhenthosetapesstartedrecording:15
December2000,whenhemethisfirstgirlfriendathisbestfriend’s16th
birthdayparty.Hehadalwayshadagoodmemory,butthethrillofyounglove
seemstohaveshiftedagearinhismind:fromnowon,hewouldstart
recordinghiswholelifeindetail.“Icouldtellyoueverythingabouteveryday
afterthat.”
[D]Needlesstosay,peoplelikeVeisehareofgreatinteresttoneuroscientists(神经
科学专家)hopingtounderstandthewaythebrainrecordsourlives.Acouple
ofrecentpapershavefinallyopenedawindowonthesepeople’s
extraordinaryminds.Andsuchresearchmightevensuggestwaysforusallto
relieveourpastwithgreaterclarity.
[E]‘Highlysuperiorautobiographicalmemory’(orHSAMforshort),firstcametolightintheearly2000s,withayoungwomannamedJillPrice.Emailingthe
neuroscientistandmemoryresearcherJimMcGaughoneday,sheclaimedthat
shecouldrecalleverydayofherlifesincetheageof12.Couldhehelpexplain
herexperiences?
[F]McGaughinvitedhertohislab,andbegantotesther:hewouldgivehera
dateandaskhertotellhimabouttheworldeventsonthatday.Truetoher
word,shewascorrectalmosteverytime.
[G]Itdidn’ttakelongformagazinesanddocumentaryfilm-makerstocometo
understandher“totalrecall”,andthankstothesubsequentmediainterest,a
fewdozenothersubjects(includingVeiseh)havesincecomeforwardand
contactedtheteamattheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine.
[H]Interestingly,theirmemoriesarehighlyself-centered:althoughtheycanremember“autobiographical”lifeeventsinextraordinarydetail,theyseemto
benobetterthanaverageatrecallingimpersonalinformation,suchasrandom
(任意选取的)listsofwords.Noraretheynecessarilybetteratrememberinga
roundofdrinks,say.Andalthoughtheirmemoriesarevast,theyarestilllikely
tosufferfrom“falsememories.”Clearly,thereisnosuchthingasa“perfect”
memory—theirextraordinarymindsarestillusingthesameflawedtoolsthat
therestofusrelyon.Thequestionis,how?
[I]LawrencePatihisattheUniversityofSouthernMississippirecentlystudied
around20peoplewithHSAMandfoundthattheyscoredparticularlyhighon
twomeasures:fantasyproneness(倾向)andabsorption.Fantasyproneness
couldbeconsideredatendencytoimagineanddaydream,whereas
absorptionisthetendencytoallowyourmindtobecomefullyabsorbedinan
activity—topaycompleteattentiontothesensations(感受)andthe
