《高层建筑结构设计》专业英语词汇

建筑常用英语词汇建筑常用英语词汇Chinese restaurant 中餐厅civil air defense 人防classical order 古典柱式Client 甲方coat room衣帽间,cloak room行李寄存处coffee 咖啡厅color match 配色color system 色彩系统common room, community room 公共活动室computer room 电子计算机房Concept & Master Planning 概念及总规划Conceptual Design 概念设计conference room 会议室constructivism 构成主义Contact 联系Cornice 飞檐corridor 走廊cottage 农舍courtyard house 庭院式住宅 Dentil 齿饰department 部门Design Basis 设计基础Design Code 设计规范Design Deliverable 设计成果Design Institution 设计院Design Narrative 设计说明Design Principle 设计原则Design Proposal 设计方案Design Reference设计参考Design Schedule 设计流程表Design Task 设计任务Detail 大样(建筑专用)dining room 餐室Dormer 天窗dormitory 宿舍Double-hung window 双悬窗Drawing 图，图纸Eave 屋檐Elevation 立面elevator apartment 电梯式公寓entrance hall 门厅entertainment center 娱乐中心entrance入口environment protection 环保environment 环境environmental art 环境艺术epidemic prevention 防疫Exchange 交流expressionism 表现主义exterior decoration 外部装饰exterior-corridor type apartment 外廊式公寓 FAR 容积率Final Design 最终设计fire protection 消防fire-fighting 防火floor 楼层Frieze 横条frontage 屋前空地functional space 功能空间functionalism 功能主义gallery 画廊，游廊General Positioning 总体定位General Site Profile 现场条件Gothic architecture 哥特式建筑Grading Design 竖向规划图Grading Planning 竖向规划Greek architecture 古希腊建筑Green ratio 绿地率Green System Planning 绿地系统规划ground floor 底层Guest Room 客房gymnasium 健身Hand-drawing 手绘hanging cabinet 吊柜highrise building 高层建筑hightech architecture 高技术建筑historical building preservation 古建筑保护hotel office building 酒店式办公楼house for the lderly 老年公寓Illustrative Site Plan 规划总平面图Image Positioning 形象定位Image 意向图片Incoming 收到independent office 独立办公室information desk 问询处interior decoration 室内装饰Interior 室内International Style 国际风格Islamic architecture 伊斯兰建筑janitor's room 值班室key designer 主要设计师kitchen 厨房Land for industrial use 工业用地land parcel 地块Land Use Planning 用地规划landmark 地标Landscape Analysis Diagram 景观分析图Landscape Design 景观设计large suite 大套间light court/light well 天井living room 起居室Location Map 区位分析图mail/distribution room 收发室maisonette 两层独立公寓mannerism 手法主义Massing model 体块模型Master Plan 总平面图Material 材料，素材medium-sized meeting room 中型会议室Meeting Center 会议中心metabolism 新陈代谢主义mezzanine 夹层Model Company 模型公司Model 模型Modeling 建模modernism 现代主义Moulding 造型multi-family house 多户住宅multi-functional facilities 多功能设施Multifunctional restaurant 多功能餐厅Multi-paned 多格的multiple-use building 综合楼multistory building 多层建筑Muntin 门扇中梃；门中梃national style 民族风格neoclassicism 新古典主义neorationalism 新理性主义nursing home 养老院office building 办公建筑Office Complex 办公综合体one-story house, bungalow 平房 open space 开敞空间organic architecture 有机建筑Outgoing 发出Overall Controlling Detailed Planning 控制性详细规划Overall Planning 总规划平面图overhang 骑楼Overhang 突起Pane 窗格pedestrian circulation 人行流线Perspective 透视图phase 1 一期Plan 平面图Planning Principles 规划原则point block 点式住宅post-modernism 后现代主义Presentation汇报professional designer 专业设计师Project assistant 项目助理project manager 项目经理Project Scale 项目规模Project Schedule 项目流程表Projecting 伸出property management room 物业管理用房Publication Center 出版中心Radius 半径reading room 阅览室reception 前台，接待Red Line 用地红线Regulation 规章Renaissance architecture 文艺复兴建筑Rendering Company 效果图公司Rendering 手绘，效果图residential building 居住建筑rest space 休息空间revivalism 复古主义Rococo architecture 洛可可建筑Roman architecture 古罗马建筑Romanesque architecture 罗曼式建筑roof slab 楼板row house, terrace house 联排式住宅sanitation 卫生设施Sash 窗扇Section 剖面图service room 服务间service/residential apartment 酒店式公寓shopping center 购物中心single family house/SF 独户住宅single-story building 单层建筑Site Condition Analysis 场地条件分析Site Photo 现场照片skip-floor apartment 跃层式公寓skyscraper 摩天楼slab block 板式住宅small-sized meeting room 小型会议室Soft Copy 电子文件solar building 太阳能建筑space configuration 空间构图standard room 标准间stepped house, terraced house 台阶式住宅storage room 储藏室street-front building perspective 沿街建筑透视图structuralism 结构主义study 书房sub-basement 半地下室substation/transformation substation 变电间super highrise building 超高层建筑support system 支撑体系surface parking 地面停车Technical Index 技术指标telephone exchange room 电话总机房terrace/deck 平台toilet 厕所top floor 顶层Total Building Area 总建筑面积Total Site Area 总用地面积Traffic Analysis Diagram 交通分析图Training Center 培训中心transportation 运输typical building perspective 典型建筑透视图Unit Type 户型Urban Planning 城市规划vehicle circulation 车行流线Vehicle Entrance 车行入口vernacular architecture 乡土建筑Vertical 垂直的villa 别墅VIP Room 贵宾室wall unit, case unit 壁柜washroom 卫生间water heater room 开水间youth apartment 青年公寓Parapet 女儿墙Parapet Displacement 女儿墙位移Pieced Parapet 镂空女儿墙Parapet Gutter 女儿墙天沟。

建筑设计词汇analysis of position 区位分析analysis of existing circumstance 现状分析analysis of function 功能分析sectorization 功能分区analysis of traffic/circulation/streamline 交通/流线分析 analysis of sunshine 日照分析analysis of landscape 景观分析landscape sight /view /vision景观视线analysis of space sequence 空间序列分析philosophy of design 设计理念bubble diagram 气泡图architectural conception 建筑构思architectural creation 建筑创作architectural Sketch 建筑草图layout 建筑布局presentation drawing /perspective 效果图hand drawing 手绘效果图a bird‘s-eye view 鸟瞰图Legend 图例Cover 封面Content 内容Design explanation 设计说明general layout / master plan / site plan 总平面图first floor plan 一层平面图ground floor plan 基础平面图typical floor plan 标准层平面图basement plan 地下室平面图（B1）first basement floor （G1）garage负一层roof plan 屋顶平面图elevation 立面图section 剖面图licensed architect 注册建筑师electrical engineer 电气工程师licensed structural engineer 注册结构工程师plant engineer 设备工程师mechanical engineer 机械工程师landscape architect 景观建筑师licensed planner 注册规划师plot plan engineer 总图工程师project budget 工程预算air-conditioning system 空调系统heating and ventilation 供暖与通风water supply and drainage 给水与排水structure design 结构设计acoustic design 声学设计lighting / illumination design 照明设计Indoor environment design 室内热环境设计Full-size drawing / Details drawing 详图Building code 建筑规范working drawings and the specifications 施工图与施工说明书construction site 建筑地基boundary line of roads 道路红线boundary line of land / property line 用地红线building line 建筑控制线building density / building coverage ratio 建筑密度plot ratio / floor area ratio 容积率greening rate绿地率eclecticism 折衷主义functionalism 功能主义post-modernism 后现代主义minimalism 极简主义deconstruction / deconstructivism 解构主义Italian Renaissance 意大利文艺复兴green building 绿色建筑Doric order 多立克柱式Ionic order 爱奥尼柱式Corinthian order 科林斯柱式Gothic Revival哥特复兴Greek temple 希腊神庙Triumphal arch 凯旋门URBAN PLANNING⏹town and country planning (urban and rural planning)城乡规划⏹city and regional planning 城市与区域规划⏹urban planning law of PRC 中华人民共和国城市规划法⏹城市发展战略层面：comprehensive planning / master plan 城市总体规划landuse planning 土地利用总体规划建筑控制引导层面：detailed plan 详细规划regulatory plan 控制性详细规划site plan 修建性详细规划☐R residential land 居住用地黄色☐ C public facilities 公共设施用地红色commercial ☐M industrial land 工业用地熟褐色manufacture ☐W warehouse land 仓储用地紫色☐T intercity transportation land 对外交通用地中灰色☐S roads and squares 道路广场用地留白☐U municipal utilities 市政公用设施用地蓝灰色☐G green space 绿地中草绿色☐ D specially-designed land 特殊用地深草地色☐ E waters and miscellaneous 水域和其它⏹城市分区规划city district planning⏹城市规模city size⏹城市发展模式urban development pattern⏹城市用地评价urban landuse evaluation⏹城市用地平衡urban landuse balance⏹研究切入点：⏹functional district 城市功能分区⏹urban structure 城市结构⏹urban morphology 城市形态⏹industrial district 工业区⏹residential district 居住区⏹commercial district 商业区⏹institutes and colleges district 文教区⏹Central business district 中央商务区（CBD）⏹warehouse district 仓储区⏹mixed-use district 综合区⏹scenic zone 风景区⏹civic center 市中心⏹sub-civic center 副中心⏹utility distribution 公共设施分布⏹城市给水系统water supply system⏹城市排水系统sewerage system⏹城市供电系统power supply system⏹城市供暖系统district heating system⏹城市燃气系统gas supply system⏹城市通信系统communication system⏹城市绿地系统urban green space system⏹城市道路系统urban road system⏹green belt 绿带⏹green buffer 防护绿地⏹express way 快速路⏹pedestrian street 步行街⏹city ecosystem 城市生态系统⏹balance of city ecosystem 城市生态平衡⏹city environmental quality 城市环境质量⏹city environmental assessment 城市环境评价⏹sustainable development 可持续发展⏹sustainable equilibrium 持久的平衡⏹conservation plan of historic cities 历史文化名城保护规划⏹urban renewal 城市更新⏹urban redevelopment 城市改造⏹urban revitalization 城市复苏⏹urban sprawl 城市扩张⏹urban expansion城市膨胀⏹urban flood control 城市防洪⏹earthquake hazard protection 城市防震⏹urban fire control 城市消防⏹urban air defence 城市防空⏹city (urban)planning commission城市规划委员会⏹city planning and administration bureau城市规划管理局⏹urban facilities城市设施⏹urban planning and development control城市规划建设管理⏹Integrated design for utilities pipeline城市工程管线综合⏹city style and features城市风貌⏹cityscape（city appearance）城市景观⏹city （town）refuse城市垃圾⏹city noise城市噪声⏹city skyline城市天际线住宅专业词汇总结•Villa（house、villahouse 、detached house）独栋别墅•Semi-detached house双拼别墅•Row houses 连排别墅•Townhouse城区住宅•High-grade residential高档住宅•duplex apartment跃层住宅•tall building of apartment单元式高层住宅•apartment of towerbuilding塔式高层住宅•gallery tall building of apartment通廊式高层住宅•housing cluster / group 住宅组团•residential community居住区•residential density居住密度•low-rise medium-density cluster housing低层中密度住宅群•business-living building商住楼•multiple-use （multi-use）high-rise building多功能高层建筑•dwelling size 套型•habitable space居住空间•bedroom卧室•living room 起居室•family room家庭活动室•kitchen厨房•bathroom卫生间•balcony阳台•terrace平台、露台•passage过道•ramp坡道•gallery （corridor gallery）走廊•overhanging corridor挑廊•eaves gallery檐廊•cloister回廊•bridge way架空走廊•semi-basement半地下室•empty space（open floor）架空层•refuge storey避难层•mechanical floor设备层•cabinet壁柜•wall-hung cupboard吊柜•view room眺望间•overhang骑楼•arcade过街楼•stair step 楼梯踏步•stairwell楼梯井•stair landing楼梯平台•stair railing楼梯栏杆•envelop enclosure围护结构•enclosing curtain wall围护性幕墙•decorative faced curtain wall装饰性幕墙•French windows落地橱窗•dormer window天窗•bay window凸窗/飘窗•sash-window上下推拉窗•louver window百叶窗•eaves and gable屋檐与山墙•parapet矮墙•plinth勒脚•canopy雨篷•masonry structure砖石结构/砖混结构•frame structure框架结构•steel-frame structure钢框架结构•frame-shearwall structure框剪结构•magastructure巨型结构•bearing wall承重墙•bearing strength承载力•concrete beam混凝土梁•concrete shell混凝土薄壳•reinforced concrete slab钢筋混凝土楼板•reinforced concrete column钢筋混凝土柱子•deformation joint变形缝•duration of fire resistance耐火极限•safety exit安全出口•hang wall挡烟垂壁•suspended ceiling吊顶•pipe shaft管道井•smoke uptake/flue烟道•air relief shaft通风道•motor repair shop修车库•parking area停车场•under ground garage地下汽车库•high-rise garage高层汽车库•mechanical and stereoscopic garage机械式立体汽车库•compound garage复式汽车库•Minimum turn radius of car汽车最小转弯半径。

建筑工程类专业词汇to build, to construct 建设,建筑,修建architecture 建筑学building 修筑,建筑物house 房子skyscraper 摩天大楼block of flats 公寓楼(美作:apartment block) monument 纪念碑palace 宫殿temple 庙宇basilica 皇宫,教堂cathedral 大教堂church 教堂tower 塔,塔楼ten-storey office block 十层办公大楼column 柱colonnade 柱列arch 拱town planning 市政(美作:city planning)building permission 营建许可证,建筑开工许可证greenbelt 绿地elevation 建筑物的三面图plan 设计图scale 比例尺to prefabricate 预制excavation 挖土,掘土foundations 基to lay the foundations 打地基course of bricks 砌好的砖列scaffold 脚手架scaffolding 脚手架质量合格证书certification of fitness原材料raw material底板bottom plate垫层cushion侧壁sidewall中心线center line条形基础strip footing附件accessories型钢profile steel钢板steel plate熔渣slag飞溅welding spatter定位焊tacking引弧generating of arc熄弧quenching of arc焊道welding bead坡口beveled edges外观检查visual inspection重皮doubleskin水平方向弧度radian in horizontal direction成型molding直线度straightness accuracy焊缝角变形welding line angular distortion水平度levelness铅垂度verticality翘曲变形buckling deformation角尺angle square对接焊缝butt weld母材parent metal法兰密封面flange sealing surface夹层interlayer表面锈蚀浓度surface corrosion concentration挠曲变bending deformation超声波探伤ultrasonic testing/ ultrasonic examination 压力容器pressure vessel预制下料prefabrication baiting排版直径set-type diameter焊缝welding line中幅板? center plate测量方法measuring method基准点datum mark跳焊skip welding允许偏差allowable variation补强板stiffening plate开孔tapping对接接头banjo fixing butt jointing角钢angle iron安装基准圆installation fundamental circle吊装立柱hoisting upright column焊接钢管welded steel pipe向心斜拉筋centripetal canting pull rope带板band plate槽钢胀圈channel steel expansion ring环口collar extension局部变形local distortion环缝circumferential weld顶板top plate拱顶vault顶板加强肋stiffening rib对接butt joint胎具clamping fixture卷板机plate bending rolls中心支架center bearing bracket椭圆度ovality等分线bisectrix搭接宽度lap width点焊spot welding搭接焊overlap welding对称：symmetrically螺旋爬梯cockle stairs放料阀baiting valve液位计content gauge充水试验filling water test错边量unfitness of butt joint底圈foundation ring真空度检漏vacuum degree leak test丁字焊缝tee welding渗透探伤oil whiting test充水试验filling water test内侧角焊缝接头interior angle welding line joint foundation settlement 基础沉降测量基准点datum mark稳定性试验stability test排气阀outlet valve角钢angle steel构件component part机械损伤mechanical damage缩孔shrinkage cavityenfoldment 折迭碳钢管carbon steel tube公称直径nominal diameter预埋件embedded part轴测图axonometric drawing布置图arrangement diagram氧乙炔气割oxyacetylene gas cutting低合金钢管low alloy steel热影响区heat affected area修磨polish砂轮片grinding wheel等离子plasma panel重皮coldlap凹凸unevenness缩口necking down端面head face倾斜偏差dip deviation外径external diameter砂轮grinding wheel管件pipe casting单线图single line drawing平齐parallel and level两端two terminals满扣buckle螺栓紧固bolton周边periphery附加应力additional stress同轴度axiality平行度parallelism随机stochastic允许偏差allowable variation重直度verticality水平度levelness隔离盲板blind plate氩弧焊argon arc welding压盖螺栓gland bolt间距spacing有效期period of validity担任take charge of undertake焊条welding rod碳钢焊条carbon steel焊丝welding wire熔化焊melting钢丝steel wire气体保护焊gas shielded arc welding 烘干drying清洗ablution制度system焊接工艺welding procedure相应corresponding手工电弧焊manual electric arc welding 手工钨极manual tungsten electrode打底render电源power source交流alternating current焊件weldment管壁厚度pipe thickness对接焊缝butt weld工件壁厚workpiece飞溅物splash沾污smirch油污oil stain细锉smooth file铣刀milling cutter氧化膜oxide film脱脂处理ungrease treatment]棉质纤维cotton fibre丙酮acetone硫sulfur焊剂welding flux钢板steel plate纵向焊缝longitudinal weld longitudinal seam 筒节shell ring封头end socket卷管reelpipe强度试验strength test起弧arc starting穿堂风draught熔合fusion反面reverse side整体integral封堵block up焊口weld bond医用胶布medical proof fabric高频high frequency焊炬welding torch送气air supply电流衰减装置current attenuation气体延时保护装置time delay熄弧quenching of arc成型molding钢印代号steel seal质量分析quality analysis负责人principal审批examine and approve补焊工艺repair welding压缩机compression pump平焊法兰welded flange测试流程图test flow chart加固措施reinforcement measure校验verify升压boost pressure读数off scale reading满刻度值ull-scale value盲板blind plate压力表pressure meter强度intensity目测eye survey半径radius公式formula管路pipeline严密性leakproofness导电膏conductive paste压接compression joint地上连接overground埋深buried depth接地线earth wire说明description分线盒junction box接地装置earthing deivce交叉across塑料保护管protection tube塑料带plastic tape防腐处理preservative treatment接地极earthing pole接地电阻测试earth resistance防雷接地lightning protection遵守comply with避雷网lightning conduction引下线down lead搭接焊overlap welding避雷针lightning rod镀锌制品zinc coating断接卡breaking of contact电阻resistance配电装置power distribution equipment集中接地装置centralized串联cascade connection干线联接main line并列paratactic单独solely机组machine set电力复合脂electric force compounded grease电缆敷设cable laying电缆槽架cable channel主干线trunk line弯头angle fitting剥落处exfoliation银粉aluminum powder支持点support point拆装disassembly and assembly畅通smooth电压等级electric pressure通断实验onoff终端头terminals余度remaining标记牌notice plate表册statistical forms电缆桥架cable testing bridge电机electric machine相对湿度relative humidity杂物sundries耐压试验withstand voltage test照明器具ligthing paraphernalia铭牌nameplate验收规范acceptance specification 接线wire splice试运test run进线口incoming line带电electrified盘车转子jigger rotor二次回路secondary circuit中心线center line触头contactor配电power distribution成套whole set楼板floor slab备件duplicate part包装packing器材equipment导线conducting wire脱落fall off规范specification电器electrical appliance断路器line breaker机械联锁mechanical interlocking 碰撞collision轻便portable综合分析判断comprehensive analysis and judgement变压器transformer抽芯loose core/过道aisle三相电容three phase capacitance芯棒core rod都市规划与土地开发Urban g and Land Development社区开发及工业区开发Community Development and Industry Park Development 开发许可申请Development Permit土地使用变更计划Land Use Rezoning Plan主要计划及细部计划Master Plan and Detail Plan都市计划更新计划Urban Renewal Plan都市设施Urban Design建筑设施Architecture Design大地工程Geotechnical Engineering工址调查Site Investigation现地试验与室内试验In-Situ and Laboratory Test基础工程Foundation Design深开挖工程及建物保护Deep Excavation and Building Protection新生地及软弱地层改良Reclamation and Soft Ground Improvement山坡地开发与水土保持Slope land Development, Soil and Water Conservation潜盾隧道与岩石隧道Shield Tunnel and Rock Tunnel大地工程施工顾问Geotechnical Construction Consultant土壤材料试验Soil and Material结构工程Structural Engineering各类钢筋混凝土、预力混凝土、钢结构及钢骨钢筋混凝土结构Structures of R.C., Prestressed Concrete, Steel, and SRC桥梁、高层建筑、地下结构物、隧道、深开挖挡土结构Bridges, High-Rise Buildings, Underground Structures, Tunnels, Retaining Structures for Deep Excavations桥梁安全检测、评估及维修补强Bridge Inspection, Assessment, and Rehabilitation 钢结构细部设计及制造图Steel Structural Detail Design and Shop Drawings厂房工程Industrial Plant工业厂房--石化工厂、钢厂、电厂、气体厂、科技工业厂房、一般性厂房Industrial Plants--Petroleum and Chemical, Steel, Power, Gas, High-Technical and General Plants环保设施工厂--垃圾焚化厂、垃圾掩埋场、污水处理厂及相关管线Environment Protecting Plants--Incineration Plants, Garbage Disposal Plants, Waste Water Treatment Plants and Piping System设备支撑结构、管架、操作平台Equipment Supporting Structures, Pipe Racks, Operating Platforms设备基础Equipment Foundations厂区一般土木及公共设施General Civil Works and Utilities of Plants运输工程Transportation Engineering运输规划Transportation Planning铁路、捷运、高铁路线、车站及机厂工程高速公路工程及一般道路工程停车场设施工程规划、设计Engineering Planning & Design for Parking Facilities 交通维持计划Traffic Control & Management during Construction机场跑道及航站工程水利及港湾工程Hydraulic and Harbor Engineering营建管理Construction Management估价及工程预算制作Estimates and Engineering Budget Works营建管理Construction Management工程监造Construction Supervision施工计划Construction Plan工程进度控管Schedule Control during Construction施工规划Construction Specifications环境工程Environmental Engineering环境影响评估Environment Impact Assessment环境监测Environmental Monitoring地下水监测系统Groundwater Monitoring污水处理厂Wastewater Treatment Plant污水下水道Sewage System噪音振动防治Noise and Vibration垃圾焚化厂兴建工程Waste Incinerator废弃物处理系统工程Waste Treatment & Disposal共同管道Common Ducts管道及附属设施之规划设计Planning and Design of Common Ducts Structures and Subsidiary Facilities经济效益分析Economic and Efficiency Analysis财务评估Financial Evaluation管理维护办法及组织订定Regulation for the Management, Maintenance and Organization第一节一般术语1. 工程结构building and civil engineering structures房屋建筑和土木工程的建筑物、构筑物及其相关组成部分的总称。

PASAR结构专业英汉对照一、规范或图集《建筑结构可靠度设计统一标准》：Unified standard for reliability design of building structures《建筑结构荷载规范》：Load code for the design of building structures《钢结构设计规范》：Code for design of steel structures《建筑抗震设计规范》：Code for seismic design of buildings《混凝土结构设计规范》：Code for design of concrete structures《建筑地基基础设计规范》：Code for design of building foundation《门式刚架轻型房屋钢结构技术规程》：Technical specification for steel structure of light-weight Buildings with gabled frames《钢筋混凝土筒仓设计规范》：Code for design of reinforced concrete silos《砌体结构设计规范》：Code for design of masonry structures《高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程》：Technical specification for concrete structures of tall building《高层民用建筑钢结构技术规程》：Technical specification for steel structure of tall buildings《混凝土结构加固设计规范》：Design code for strengthening concrete structure 《钢结构加固技术规范》：Technical specification for strengthening steel structures 《工业建筑防腐蚀设计规范》：Code for Anticorrosion Design of IndustrialConstructionsPermanent load：恒载Live load: 活载Snow load:雪荷载Snow region : 雪压分布区Reference snow pressure:基本雪压Wind load：风荷载Wind region:风压分布区Reference wind pressure:基本风压Terrain roughness:地面粗糙度Crane load:吊车荷载Seismicity 6 points：地震烈度6点（不能简单认为中国规范6度）二、常用语1、混凝土结构Concrete structure :混凝土结构（包括素砼结构、钢筋砼结构、预应力砼结构）Plain concrete structure:素混凝土结构Reinforced Concrete structure :钢筋混凝土结构Prestressed Concrete structure :预应力混凝土结构Cast-in-situ Concrete structure :现浇混凝土结构Structural joint:结构缝（分割混凝土结构间隔的总称）Expansion joint:伸缩缝Deep beam:深梁Steel bar :普通钢筋Reinforcing bar ：钢筋（通常指受力钢筋）Reinforcing rod：钢筋（在钢筋混凝土中使用的各种钢筋）Hoop reinforcement:箍筋（螺旋形箍筋除外）Stirrup:箍筋spacing of stirrups:箍筋间距spiral reinforcements:螺旋筋fabric reinforcements:钢筋网Transverse reinforcement:横向钢筋（垂直纵向受力钢筋的箍筋或间接钢筋）Hot rolled deformed bars :热轧带肋钢筋Hot rolled plain round bars :热轧光圆钢筋Anchorage length:锚固长度Concrete cover：混凝土保护层Topping:面层(也可指砂浆)Bar diameter:钢筋直径Foundation:基础Concrete wall:混凝土墙（泛指用混凝土做的墙体）Frame beams:框架梁Frame columns:框架柱Columns of bent:排架柱Columns supporting structural transfer member:框支柱Shear walls and coupling beams:剪力墙和连梁Cantilever beam:悬臂梁Slab:板（泛指混凝土板及其他板）Slab on ground：地面上的混凝土板Suspended slabs:楼面板Ratio of reinforcement:配筋率Embedded parts:预埋件Lap length：搭接长度Rejointing :勾缝，填缝Fist pour:第一期浇灌Second pour：第二期浇灌Fine aggregate concrete:细石混凝土Concrete with strength level is no lower than C30:混凝土强度等级不低于C30（《建筑地基基础设计规范》描述）The concrete strength grade shall not be less than C30: 混凝土强度等级不低于C30（《混凝土结构设计规范》描述）The stressed steel bars adopt the HRB400,Stirrups adopt HRB300:受力钢筋采用HRB400，箍筋采用HRB300Anchorage of steel reinforcement:钢筋的锚固The impermeability grade of concrete:混凝土抗渗等级2、地基基础Earth work:地基工程Ground(foundation soils):地基Retaining wall：挡（土）墙Gravity Retaining wall：重力式挡墙Pedestals：设备底座Characteristic value of subsoil bearing capacity:地基承载力特征值Ground treatment(ground improvement):地基处理Strip footing under column:柱下条形基础Pile foundation:桩基础End-bearing pile :端承桩50 thick concrete blinding：50厚混凝土基础垫层Concrete blinding C15 : C15混凝土垫层C15 plain concrete:C15 素混凝土Residual soil：原积土Design grade of foundation:基础设计等级Grade A：甲级Anti-floating checking：抗浮验算Rock, gravelly soil, sandy soil, silty soil, cohesive soil, artificial fill:岩石，碎石土，砂土，粉土，黏性土，人工填土Plain fill:素填土Compacted fill:压实填土Miscellaneous fill:杂填土Compacted coefficient:压实系数Embedded depth of foundation:基础埋置深度3、钢结构Steel work:钢结构工程Steel structure:钢结构Pure frames:(无支撑)纯框架Braced frames:有支撑框架Wind column:抗风柱Wind beam:抗风梁或抗风系杆Brackets:牛腿Connector（Connecting pieces）:连接件Supports(bearings):支座Hinged bearing：铰支座，铰支承Composite steel and concrete beam:钢与混凝土组合梁Beam:梁Column:柱Leaning column：摇摆柱（框架内两端为铰接不能抵抗侧向荷载的柱）Purlin :檩条Girt:围梁，也可指墙面檩条Manhole：人孔Eot crane: 电动桥式起重机Underslung crane:悬挂吊车Crane rail:吊车轨道Crane stop :吊车车挡Crane girders(Crane beam &Crane runway):吊车梁Planed and tightly fitted:刨平顶紧Cantrex rail clip:吊车轨道固定夹10 PL. Stiffener: 10厚加劲板PL 10: 10厚钢板6 Gap: 6mm缝隙Column web：柱腹板Web plate:腹板Column flange:柱翼缘板Flange plate:翼缘板Web stiffener:腹板加劲板(Column )cap plate: (柱)顶板(Column) base plate: (柱)底板M20 bolt: M20螺栓4 Holes φ20：4个φ20孔High strength bolt(H.D bolt)：高强螺栓Commercial bolt：普通螺栓4M20 anchor bolts: 4M20 地脚螺栓4M16 Chemical anchors: 4M16化学螺栓Bolt property grade:螺栓的性能等级（8.8级或10.9级）Stud:栓钉Stair tread：楼梯踏步Handrail：扶手栏杆Platform:平台（一般的操作或检修平台）50 Grouting：50厚灌浆层（还指钢平台上铺的混凝土板）32 Grating :32厚钢格栅Corrugated steel plate(Checkered plate)：花纹钢板Vertical brace:竖直支撑（垂直剪刀撑）Horizontal brace:水平支撑Ties:系杆Sag rod:直拉条Angle brace：隅撑The lace on built-up members:组合构件的缀条Shear resistant key(Shear key):抗剪件Cable tray support：电缆槽支架Pipe support:管道支架Stiffener both sides:两边布置加劲板Splice:拼接（钢构件设置的拼接）Plate 10:10厚钢板（PL 10）Filler plate:填板Check nut （locknut）:防松螺母（可指地脚螺栓柱脚钢板上的第二颗螺母）Truss:桁架Truss member:桁架杆件Web member:腹杆Chord :弦杆，也可指拱的跨度End post:（桁架）端部受压杆Weld:焊接Weld tube :焊接管Weld:焊缝Butt weld:对接焊缝Fillet weld:角焊缝Groove:坡口The quality level of welds shall not be lower than class 2:焊缝质量等级不低于2级Full penetration:全熔透Topping coat：外涂层，面漆Finishing coat：面漆Primer:底漆Priming:上底漆Blast cleaning:喷砂清洗，喷砂除锈Dry film :干膜Slip coefficient at friction interface:摩擦面的抗滑移系数Fire protection coating:防火涂料Beam-to-beam connection:梁梁连接节点Beam-to-column connection:梁柱连接节点Rigid connection:刚接Hinged connection：铰接H-section:H型截面box-section:箱型截面The inserted column base:插入式柱脚The encased column base：埋人式柱脚The encasing column base：外包式柱脚Span:跨度Bay:开间Bay spacing:柱距Slope:坡度Roof slope 5°: 屋面坡度5度Eaves:屋檐Eaves gutter(gutter):天沟Canopy:雨棚，挑棚Detailing requirements:构造要求4、改造工程Strengthening work:加固工程Existing：现有的，列如：Existing foundation:现有基础Existing structure member:原构件Strengthening of existing structures:对已有结构加固Structure member strengthening with reinforced concrete:增大截面加固法Structure member strengthening with externally bonded steel frame:外粘型钢加固法Structure member strengthening with externally bonded reinforced materials:复合截面加固法unloading:卸载Hacking:凿毛Bonded rebars:植筋4M16 Chemical anchors: 4M16化学螺栓Structrual adhesives:结构胶Fibre reinforced polymer (FRP):纤维复合材Polymer nirtar:聚合物砂浆polymer mortar：复合砂浆Corrosion inhibitor：阻锈剂Reshoring:临时支撑（原始的支撑拆除后，用于模板或整体结构的临时支撑）the interface of new and existing shall be hacking , and cleaning, then cast in concrete.:新旧砼交接处，应先凿毛、并清洗干净，再浇筑砼。