8 生物-洪泽中学2012-2013学年高二下学期期初考试生物试题

高二下学期期末考试生物试题第Ⅰ卷（选择题）一、单项选择题：每小题只有一个．．．．选项最符合题意。

1、今有一多肽，其分子式是C55H70O19N10，将其彻底水解后，只得到下列四种氨基酸，下列有关该多肽的叙述中，正确的是A．该多肽是九肽B．该多肽在缩合过程中一定是4种转移RNA参与转运相应的氨基酸C．该多肽彻底水解可得到3个谷氨酸D。

种氨基酸缩合成该多肽时，相对分子质量减少1622、同一元素在不同细胞中含量不同，甚至存在很大的差异，下列解释合理的是A.组成细胞的元素不完全来自自然界B.有些化学元素是人工合成的C.细胞中某种元素的含量与生命活动的需要有关D.没有一种化学元素是细胞特有的3、下列哪一组物质的基本组成单位是相同的A．细菌的质粒和T2噬菌体的遗传物质 B．动物的肝糖原和抗原C．人的胰岛素和雄性激素D．植物的纤维素和生长素45、农科院研究员在指导农民生产的过程中发现一位农民种植的某块农田小麦产量总是比邻近地块的低。

他怀疑该农田可能是缺少某种元素，为此将该块肥力均匀的农田分成面积相等的五小块，进行田间实验。

除施肥不同外，其他田间处理措施相同，实验结果如下表所示，从表中可判断，该农田最可能缺少的元素是A．K B．N C．P D．S6、某植物培养液中含有甲、乙、丙3种离子，它们对植物的生长都有影响。

下表列出的5种培养液中，甲、乙、丙3种离子的浓度（单位：mmol／L）不同。

为了研究丙离子的浓度A．①⑤ B．②③ C．②④ D．①⑤7、右图所示平末端属于同一种限制酶切割而成的是A．②④ B．③④C．②③ D．①③8、下列关于实验叙述中，不正确的是A．血红蛋白的提取和分离实验中使用的交联葡聚糖凝胶G-75，其中“75”表示每克凝胶膨胀时吸水7.5克B．观察DNA在细胞中的分布实验中，使用盐酸可以使染色体上的DNA与蛋白质分离C．用洋葱作实验材料进行DNA的粗提取与鉴定实验时，加入一定的食盐的目的是鉴定DNA D．制取细胞膜、血红蛋白的提取和分离均以哺乳动物成熟的红细胞作为实验材料9、基因芯片是将大量特定序列的DNA片段（探针）有序固定在尼龙膜、玻片或硅片上，从而能大量、快速地对DNA分子的碱基序列进行测定和定量分析。

洪泽中学2012-2013学年高二下学期期初考试英语试题 第I卷（选择题） 一、单项选择 1．Little____about what others think.A. he caresB.he doesn’t careC.does he careD.doesn’t he care 2．Living in such a high mountain _________be cold． A．should B．can C．may D．must 3．— You can't finish the book in less than an hour,I suppose? — .A. Yes, I'm sure I canB. No, hardlyC. Sorry, I can'tD. I don't think I can 4．It was such a____to hear that all the earthquake victims in Chile have been taken good care of. A. mercy B. relief C. loss D. laughter 5．The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _______ didn’t help. A．it B．sheC．whichD．he 6．Some areas, _____ their severe weather conditions, are hardly populated.A. due toB. but forC. in spite ofD. with relation to 7．I heard the alarm ringing all the morning. ____ something very urgent happened.A. ReallyB. Obviously C .Especially D. Terribly 8．--- Will you take up teaching as a career after graduation? --- Hard to say. I _______ go abroad for higher education instead.A. shouldB. mustC. mightD. shall 9．Experts say it is an international trend to __________ MP2.5 to check air quality.A. adaptB. attachC. adoptD. adjust 10．I have bought two ball pens ,______ writes well.A. none of themB. neither of themC. neither of whichD. none of which 11．—Mum, I hope we can spend our holiday abroad this year. —______ I’m too busy to take a trip abroad.A. Better forget it.B. Why not?C. It couldn’t be betterD. Good idea! 12． On hearing the news, the girl rushed out without hesitation, ______ the luggage ______ on the floor, and ______ in the dark.A. left; lied; disappearedB. leaving; lie; disappearedC. leaving; lying; disappearedD. left; lay; disappear 13．I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldn’t face ________ day like that.A. otherB. anotherC. the otherD. others 14．Thank you for all your hard work last week.I don’t think we ______ it without you.A.can manageB.could have managedC.could managedD.can have managed 15．—It’s many years since I saw you last; I you at all． —I wouldn’t have, either; if someone you by the name． A．didn’t recognize; hadn’t called B．didn’t recognize; didn’t call C．haven’t recognized; didn’t callD．recognized; hag called 二、完型填空 I just read a beautiful story．It is about a little girl, a 1 and a corporation． , if crying at work might be a 3 , you should wait until you get home to read it．Trust me． 10-year-old Colby Curtin of Huntington Beach, California, had been a rare form of cancer for three years．This month, it became that Colby would probably 6 soon．The one thing she wanted to do she died was see the movie, “Up（《飞屋环游记》）．” She’d been by the previews（预告片）． But Colby’s health was so that she could not be taken to the theater, and “Up” is only playing in theaters．By June 9, it was clear Colby wouldn’t much longer．A family friend began desperately numbers at Pixar．She finally to someone and told them Colby’s 13 ．After a discussion, Pixar to help． Colby’s mother asked her, “Do you think you can hold on?” “I’m to die, but I’m going to wait for the movie,” the girl replied． On June 10, Pixar an employee to the Curtin home and showed the film on DVD—possibly the only DVD copy of the movie that 17 ． Here’s what her mom said, “When I it, I had really no idea about the 19 or the theme of the movie, I just know that word ‘Up’ and all of the balloons and I swear to you, for me it meant that Colby was going to go up．Up to ．” Colby died seven hours after watching the movie． A．boyB．loverC．playD．movie A．HoweverB．BesidesC．ThereforeD．Finally A．joyB．problemC．treatD．misery A．sticking toB．diagnosed withC．keeping up withD．living with A．clearB．uncertainC．sorryD．sure A．recoverB．returnC．dieD．come A．untilB．whenC．afterD．before A．fascinatedB．foodC．interestedD．surprised A．goodB．poorC．healthyD．ordinary A．do itB．see to itC．make itD．survive it A．callingB．sendingC．dialingD．taking A．got overB．got acrossC．got downD．got through A．wishB．willC．demandD．order A．refusedB．hopedC．agreedD．offered A．scaredB．readyC．afraidD．sad A．plannedB．madeC．shippedD．flew A．mattersB．countsC．disappearsD．exists A．watchedB．listenedC．sawD．heard A．trickB．contentC．hintD．disadvantage A．skyB．balloonC．heavenD．hell 三、阅读理解 My husband and children think they are very lucky that they are living and that it’s Christmas again. They can’t see that we live on a dirty street in a dirty house among people who aren’t much good. But Johnny and children can’t see this. What a pity it is that our neighbours have to make happiness out of all this dirt. I decided that my children must get out of this. The money that we’ve saved isn’t nearly enough. The McGaritys have money but they are so proud. They look down upon the poor. The McGarity girl just yesterday stood out there in the street eating from a bag of candy(糖果)while a ring of hungry children watched her. I saw those children looking at her and crying in their hearts; and when she couldn’t eat any more she threw the rest down the sewer(下水道). Why, is it only because they have money ? There is more to happiness than money in the world, isn’t there? Miss Jackson who teaches at the Settlement House isn’t rich, but she knows things. She understands people. Her eyes look straight into yours when she talks with you. She can read your mind. I’d like to see the children be like Miss Jackson when they grow up. 1. This passage mainly suggests that the writer _______. A. is easy to get along with B. is unhappy with the life they are living C. is good at observing and understanding D. is never pleased with her neigbours 2. What do you think of McGarity girl?A. She is proud and hungry.B. She is selfish and cruel.C. She is lonely and friendless.D. She is unhappy and misunderstood. 3. In this text, the writer tries to tell us that _______. A. money is the key to everything B. the more money you have, the less happy you’ll be C. there is something more important than money D. when talking to people we should look into their eyes 4. Pick out the one that does NOT describe the writer’s view on money. A. Why, is it only because they have money? B. There is more to happiness than money. C. Miss Jackson isn’t rich, but she knows things. D. The money we saved isn’t nearly enough. B Testing has taken the place of teaching in most public schools. Pretests, drills, tests, and retests. They know that the best way to read a textbook is to look at the questions at the end of the chapter and then read the text quickly for the answers. I believe that my daughter Erica, who gets excellent marks, has never read a chapter of any of her school textbooks all the way through. And teachers are often heard to say proudly and openly that they teach to the test. Teaching to the test is a curious phenomenon（现象）. Instead of deciding what skills students ought to learn, helping students learn them, and then using some methods of assessment（评价） to discover whether students have mastered the skills, teachers are encouraged to teach the students in the opposite way. First one looks at a test. Then one chooses the skills needed not to master reading, but to do well in the test. Finally, the test skills are taught. The ability to read or write might suggest the ability to do reasonably well on standardized tests. However, neither reading nor writing develops simply through being taught to take tests. We must be careful to avoid mistaking preparations for a test of a skill with the acquisition（习得）of that skill. Too many discussions of basic skills make this misunderstanding because people are tested rather than concerned with the nature and quality of what is taught. Recently, many schools have faced what could be called the crisis of comprehension or, in simple words, the phenomenon of students with grammar skills still being unable to understand what they read. These students are quite good at test taking and filling in workbooks. However, they have little or no experience reading or thinking, and talking about what they read. They know the details but can’t see or understand the whole. They are taught to be so concerned with grades that they have no time to think about meaning, and reread things if necessary. 1． The author mentions Erica’s performance in her study in order to show_________.A. her cleverness in test takingB. the good way to take testsC. the improper way of teachingD. the best way to read textbooks ．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. The teachers are curious about teaching to the test. B. Skills in general are not only useless but often mislead students. C. Ability to read and write has nothing to do with ability to do well in tests. D. Preparations for a test of a skill do not mean the acquisition of that skill. 3． In the author’s opinion, __________. A. some good methods of assessment should take the place of tests B. more attention should be paid to the nature and quality of what is taught C. students should not be concerned with grades but do more reading and thinking D. students needn’t learn grammar skills because they are useless for understanding 4．By “crisis of comprehension” (in Paragraph 4) the author means many students ______. A. are too much concerned with grades B. fail to understand the real goal of education C. lack proper practice in grammar drills D. do well on tests but can’t understand what they read C Who are these people rushing by you in the street? More than 215 million people now call America “home”, but most of them can trace their families back to other parts of the world. If you look at the names on shop windows, you will see that Americans come from many different lands. The idea that these people, who once were strangers to the United States, have lost the customs and cultures of their original countries and have become “American” is really not true. In fact, what exists in America is more often a kind of “side-by-side” living in which groups of people from other countries often have kept many of their customs and habits. They join the general American society only in certain areas of their lives—such as in schools, business, and sports—but they keep many of their own native customs and manners socially and at home. This living “side-by-side” has both advantages and disadvantages. Sometimes it may cause disagreements to develop between groups whose ways of life are very different from one another. However, there are also great advantages that come from the variety of cultures brought by settlers from other lands. There is great freedom of choice among ideas and dress, food, and social customs in America. Everyone can find some part of his or her familiar world in the United States, in churches, music, food, national groups, or newspapers. 1．More than 215 million people call America “home” because_______. A. they have their houses there B. they settle there now C. they want to make their home there D. they like that land very much ．“Side-by-side” living style means _______. A. to make friends with native people B. to keep their own customs while sharing American ones in certain areas C. the groups of people who live nearby D. that they get closer to American society ．according to the passage, people in the USA ________. A. share American customs and culture B. live in a kind of “side-by-side” society C. keep their own customs and habits firmly D. make no choice to accept American customs ．Which of the following statements is true? A. They always stick to their own customs and habits. B. “Side-by-side” living style is not suitable. C. They face the society they are not familiar with. D. The advantages coming from the variety of cultures make life in America colorful. 5．Which is the best title for this passage? A. Advantages and Disadvantages. B. Different Customs and Habits. C. Home for the People. D. “Side-by-side” Living Style in America. You may know the English letters A, B and C. But do you know there are people called ABC? You may like eating bananas. But did you know there is a “banana person”? How strange! Are these people from “another Earth”? No. They are just Chinese people like you and me. ABC means American-Born Chinese. An ABC is a Chinese, but was born in the United States. Sometimes, people call an ABC a “banana person”. A banana is yellow outside and white inside. So, when a personis a banana, he or she is white inside—thinking like a Westerner and yellow outside—looking like a Chinese. Do you know why? Usually, ABCs know little about China or the Chinese language. Some of them don’t speak Chinese. But if ABCs cannot speak Chinese, can we still call them Chinese people? Yes, of course. They are Chinese. They are overseas (海外) Chinese. These people may be citizens(公民) of another country like the US, Canada or Singapore. But they have Chinese blood. Their parents, grandparents or even great-grandparents were from China. They all have black eyes and black hair. But they are not Chinese citizens. They are not the people of the People’s Republic of China. For example, we all know the famous scientist? C.N. Yang(杨振宁). He got the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1957. The Chinese love him, but he is an American citizen. 1．What’s the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A. He wants to tell us something about “ABC”. B. He wants to show that Chinese are well respected in America. C. He wants to tell us some knowledge about the English language. D. He wants to introduce the American culture to us. 2．Chinese in Western countries are called “banana persons” because ____. A. their bodies are white inside but yellow outside B. they think like Westerners but look like Chinese C. they were born in China but go to study in America D. they like to eat bananas 3． C.N. Yang is mentioned here to show that ____.A. American Chinese are great.B. we love American ChineseC. The Chinese can win Nobel PrizesD. American Chinese are not Chinese citizens 第II卷（非选择题） 四、阅读填空I believe being honest is one of the greatest gifts. I know they call it a lot of fancy names, 1 upright and straightforward. And it’s still what makes a man a good citizen. This is my code, and I try to live by. I’ve been in the taxi business for thirty-five years, 2 (know)there is a lot about it that is not so good. Because taxi drivers are tough, people get the wrong impression 3____they are bad. Taxi drivers are just like 4 people. Most of them will act as rude fellows. But almost every week you read in the papers that a taxi driver turns in money or jewels or like that people leave in their cars. Once, I found an emerald ring in my car. I remembered helping a lady 5 a lot of suitcases that day, so I went back to 6 I had dropped her off. It took me almost two days to wait for her in order to return her ring to her. I didn’t get as much as “thank you”. However, I 7 (feel) good because I had done what was right. As far as I know, 8 (practice) everyone will give you something, because most Americans arefairly generous. I believe in God and try to be 9 good member of my parish（教区）. I try to act toward others like I think God wants me to act. I have been trying this for a long time, and the longerI try, the (easy) it gets. 五、书面表达 31．假如你叫李华，是惠州的一名中学生。

涟水一中2012-2013学年高二下学期期初检测生物试题第I卷（选择题）一、选择题1．视神经萎缩症是一种显性遗传病。

若一对夫妇均为杂合子，生正常孩子的概率是( ) A.25% B.12.5% C.32.5% D.75%2．图一是某种动物细胞分裂过程中部分染色体行为示意图，三个细胞均来自同一个体；图二是该动物某种细胞分裂过程中染色体数目变化的数学模型（部分时期）。

据图分析下列叙述正确的是A．图二处于de段的细胞在细胞中央会出现许多囊泡B．图二bc段染色体数目加倍的原因是着丝粒分裂C．图二可表示乙和丙细胞在细胞分裂过程中染色体数目的变化规律D．依据每条染色体都含有染色单体可判断甲细胞是初级卵母细胞4．下列关于蛋白质功能的举例，合理的是A、催化作用——抗体B、运输作用——唾液淀粉酶C、调节作用——胰岛素D、免疫作用——血红蛋白5．一个完整的生态系统的结构包括：（）A．食物链和食物网 B．生产者、消费者、分解者C．生态系统的成分和生态系统的营养结构 D．生产者、消费者、分解者、无机环境6．下列关于稳态的调节，符合图1曲线走势的是（）A．若横轴代表血糖浓度，则纵轴可以代表胰岛素浓度B．若横轴代表甲状腺激素浓度，则纵轴可以代表促甲状腺激素浓度C．若横轴代表注射疫苗后的时间，则纵轴可以代表短时间内相应抗体的浓度D．若横轴代表生态系统的生物种类，则纵轴可以代表该生态系统的抵抗力稳定性7．对甲、乙、丙、丁四种生物进行分析比较，结果如下表所示：项目甲乙丙丁细胞膜有无有无遗传物质DNA RNA DNA DNA是否遵循孟否否是否德尔遗传定律其中最可能表示肺炎双球菌的是( )A．甲 B．乙 C．丙 D．丁8．根据生态系统的结构和功能，下列叙述正确的有A．水产养殖中，为充分利用生产者所固定的能量，应以营养级高的鱼类为养殖对象B．“桑基鱼塘”是人工建立的良性循环系统C．为保护草原，应做到适当放牧D．在我国西部大开发中应用“退耕还林”的措施9．提出“细胞是通过分裂产生新细胞”的科学家是( )A.罗伯特·虎克B.达尔文C.施莱登和施旺D.魏尔肖10．下列实验中，经处理后的细胞仍可具有活性的是A．用解离液处理后的根尖分生区细胞B．用健那绿对线粒体进行染色后的细胞C．用吡罗红和甲基绿处理后的口腔上皮细胞D．用质量分数为0.3 g/ml的蔗糖溶液处理过的洋葱表皮细胞11．下列有关线粒体的描述中，不正确的是（）A. 与柠檬酸循环有关的酶在线粒体基质B. 与ATP合成有关的酶都在线粒体内膜上C. 线粒体进行呼吸作用时必须有氧的参与D. 细胞产生 CO2的部位不一定是线粒体12． ATP 分子简式和中文名称分别是（）A. A—P—P～P和脱氧核苷酸B. A—P～P～P和三磷酸腺苷C. A～P～P～P和三磷酸腺苷D. A～P～P～P和三磷酸核苷13．关于几种常见的单细胞生物，有关叙述错误的是（）①衣藻②草履虫③变形虫④大肠杆菌⑤蓝藻A.各细胞均具有核糖体B.具有核膜和染色体的生物有①②③C.①~⑤均属于自养型生物D.各细胞结构上的差异性体现了细胞的多样性14．长期接触X线的人群，后代遗传病的发病率明显增高，原因是A．生殖细胞发生了基因突变B．生殖细胞发生了基因重组C．体细胞发生了基因突变D．生殖细胞发生了基因交换15．下列结构在光下不能产生ATP的是A．细胞质基质 B．叶绿体的类囊体膜C．叶绿体内膜 D．线粒体的内膜16．纯合的黄色圆粒豌豆与绿色皱粒豌豆杂交，F1自交得F2，将F2中全部绿色圆粒豌豆再自交得F3，则F3中纯合的绿色圆粒的比例是A．1/2 B．4/9 C．7/12 D．1/817．人体受到病原体攻击时会自发抵抗（自动免疫）；人体也可以在抗原进入体内后注射某些免疫活性物质等以对抗病原体（称主动免疫）。

江苏省周庄高级中学2012～2013学年度学业水平模拟测试（一）1高二生物试卷（必修）2考试时间：60分钟分值：100分3命题人：赵雪良4第Ⅰ卷（选择题共70分）5一、单项选择题：本题共35小题，每小题2分，共70分。

每小题给出6的四个选项中，只有一个选项最符合题目要求。

71．将某蛋白质分子完全水解，检测所有氨基酸分子中的氨基和羧基，两者8的数量关系可能是9A．相等 B．氨基多于羧基C．氨基少于羧基 D．很10难预测112．性激素、胃蛋白酶、纤维素和DNA中都含有的元素是12A． C、H、O B． C、H、O、N C．C、H、O、N、P D．C、H、13O、N、P、S143．下列生命活动中，与蛋白质功能没有直接关系的是15A．引起肌肉收缩，红细胞运输O2 B．维持植物直立生长的形态16C．降低血糖浓度 D．参与人体体液调节174．下列关于各化合物基本单位的叙述，错误的是18A．蛋白质——氨基酸 B．纤维素——葡萄糖19C．RNA——脱氧核苷酸 D．核酸——核苷酸20215．下列化合物与其功能相符的是22A．结合水——细胞中的良好溶剂 B．葡萄糖——细胞内主要能23源物质24C．糖原——植物细胞中的储能物质 D．核糖核酸——细胞中的遗25传物质6．水是生命之源，下列关于水的叙述，错误的是2627A．结合水一般不参与代谢作用，它使各种组织器官有一定形状、硬度28B．冬天针叶树体内结合水的含量会减少C．种子萌发初期，自由水／结合水不断增大，细胞代谢也随之增强2930D．正常人的一生中，随着年龄的增长，大部分细胞内自由水／结合水逐渐31减小327．某蛋白质由3条多肽链、N个氨基酸组成，下列关于该蛋白质说法33正确的是34A．形成该蛋白质时产生了N个水分子35B．该蛋白质中至少含有N个肽键36C．该蛋白质中至少含有3个游离的羧基37D．合成该蛋白质至少需要20种氨基酸388．红细胞中Fe 2+含量降低时，其血红蛋白减少，红细胞运输氧的能力相应减弱。