The General Moving Object - final

商务英语阅读知到章节测试答案智慧树2023年最新浙江水利水电学院绪论单元测试1.There are nine chapters in this online course.参考答案:对第一章测试1.When you are reading a train timetable, you apply the skimming strategy. （）参考答案:错2.You would expect to read a difficult economics textbook ______. （）参考答案:more slowly than you read a newspaper3.To improve your reading comprehension, you need to become a(n) ____reader （）.参考答案:active4.Reading one word at a time is bad because ______. （）参考答案:it is more difficult to get the general idea of a passage5.The following is a newspaper content page. Which page would most likelygive you the names and telephone of people who have used cars for sales? （）参考答案:5-C第二章测试1.Guess the meaning of the underlined word in the following sentence:Today was a day of turmoil at work. The phones were constantly ringing,people were running back and forth, and several offices were being painted.（）参考答案:confusion2.Which of following negat ive prefix can be added to “treat” and make anantonym? （）参考答案:mal-3.Choose a business English term and complete the following sentence:Organizations which aim at high market _________ generally have long product lines. （）参考答案:share4.Judge whether the following sentence is true or false according to wordanalysis.If they are co-producers, they produce something together.参考答案:对5.In the following sentence, the synonym of the underlined word is soothe.Although the salesperson tried to assuage the angry customer, there was no way to soothe her.参考答案:对第三章测试1.Jane Halton, currently Finance Director at Curtis Bank, is replacing JohnMurphy as Chief Executive at Boulder Insurance. （）Which of the following best expresses the essential information of thesentence? （）参考答案:Jane Halton is moving from banking to insurance.2.All price shown are inclusive of any promotional offer and tax at the currentrate.Which of the following best expresses the essential information of thesentence? （）参考答案:The price on the item is the final selling price.3.Meanwhile, the theft of information about some 40 million credit cardaccounts in America, disclosed on June 17th, overshadowed a hugelyimportant decision a day earlier by America’s Federal Trade Commission(FTC) that puts corporate America on notice that regulators will act if firms fail to provide adequate data security.According to the sentence, which of the following is not correct about thedecision? （）参考答案:It is disclosed on June 17th.4.Staying with a host family that gives participants even more time to practiseEnglish.Which word in the sentence is redundant? （）参考答案:That.5.Applicants must have qualified a research degree in Food Technology plus atleast four years’ industrial experience.Which word in the sentence is redundant? （）参考答案:Qualified.第四章测试1.Which of the following phrase is the most general one? （）参考答案:Running a country’s economy.2.Choose a supporting detail for the following topic sentence.Very few people in a new job could carry out their duties perfectly from thestart. （）参考答案:Employers understand that there is a learning curve in every position.3.Read the following paragraph and answer the question.Stereotyping consists of assigning traits to people solely on the basis of acategory. Some researchers suggest that stereotyping has four clear phases.First, a person distinguishes some category of people, for example,economists. Second， the person notes that one or more of the people in this category have certain traits, for example, dullness. Third, the persongeneralizes that everyone in this category has these characteristics, forexample, that all economists are dull. Finally, when meeting someone theperson is not acquainted with but knows to be, for example, an economist,the person stereotypes this individual as dull.Economists are used in the paragraph as______. （）参考答案:a minor detail4.Choose the sentence that best expresses the implied main idea of thefollowing paragraph.In the past it often took years to force a car company to make even small,inexpensive changes. In the 1960s, consumer advocate Ralph Nader had tofight for several years before Chevrolet stopped making the unsafe Corvair.But in recent years, customer complaints and publicity have led to quickcorrective actions. For example, the Consumers Union recently reported that all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) were unsafe when driven by untrained operators.Within eighteen months, ATV makers stopped making unstable three-wheeled models and set up an extensive customer training program. Morerecently, Consumer Reports magazine revealed safety problems in the FordBronco II. In response, Ford immediately announced a complete redesign and plans to market the re-engineered vehicle under a new name. （）参考答案:Because of customer complaints and publicity, car manufacturers arecorrecting car problems more quickly than they once did.5.Advertising affects our lives every day. Brand names are common householdwords. We start each day using the toothpaste, soap, and breakfast foodspromoted by advertisers. Ads have made the cars we drive signs of oursuccess. Our choices of food, dress, and entertainment are swayed by ads. Not one aspect of American life is untouched by advertising.The main idea of the paragraph is stated at the beginning of the paragraphand then restated at the end. （）参考答案:对第五章测试1.Which of the following is an example of a cause-and-effect structure? （）参考答案:Team X is quite bad; they lost last night by 40 points.2.In what way is this text mainly structured?Linux and Windows are both operating systems. Computers use them to run programs. Linux is totally free and open source, so users can improve orotherwise modify the source code. Windows is proprietary, so it costs money to use and users are prohibited from altering the source code. （）参考答案:Comparison and contrast.3.An economics textbook is best described as what type of writing? （）参考答案:Expository.4.An article begins with some background information leading to an issue, thenlists arguments for and against it, giving evidence for different points of view, and at last ends in a conclusion that sums up both sides or recommend one point of view. What’s the text type of the article? （）参考答案:Argumentative.5.The following are examples of expository text: ______. （）参考答案:USA Today, The Recipe of Cooking, British History Textbook1.Which of the following expression is an example of purpose in an essay? （）参考答案:To inform.2.Which of the following is a possible tone? （）参考答案:All of these.3.Which of the following statements shows a formal tone? （）参考答案:null4.The Social Security Act was passed during the Great Depression. Thisstatement is a fact. （）参考答案:对5.The Russia-Ukraine conflict has made the price of gas grow to become tooexpensive. This statement is a fact. （）参考答案:错1.What should you look for in a consumption habit study to make an accurateinference? （）参考答案:All of these.2.Not only are the beach hotels overpriced…What will the remainder of the sentence be about? （）参考答案:Something negative about the hotels.3.Strong reasons ____. （）参考答案:all of these4.Which part of an argument gives proof that your main point is correct? （）参考答案:Reason.5.Which of the following is an example of a logical fallacy? （）参考答案:If you have information missing from your argument, then myargument is right.1.What's the price/unit of blueberries? （）参考答案:$1.40.2.Which axis is the horizontal axis? （）参考答案:X axis.3.Which of the following should a business use when it wants to compareseveral products with each other? （）参考答案:Column chart.4.Which pet is more popular in Australia than in the US? （）参考答案:Fish.5.What is a work-flow chart? （）参考答案:A diagram showing a high-level business process.第九章测试1.Mark is a manager who needs to communicate a new policy to his teammembers. Which of the following form of communication should Mark use for this purpose? （）参考答案:Memo.2.Which section of the executive summary shows the important discoveriesmade during the research process? （）参考答案:Key findings.3.Which part of a business report sums up the main points of the report? （）参考答案:Executive summary.4.What kind of data might a business person want to look at if he wasgathering data for a new hotel? （）参考答案:All of these.5.The news headline “Mayor to Open Shopping Mall” applies the typicalgrammatical rule of infinitive to indicate future. （）参考答案:对。

核心单词violent，objective，violence，tank，recall，barely，liberate，memorial，outstanding，uniform，bomb，friction，weapon，stability，academic，emerge，representative，sum，grain，relevant重点短语be made up of，free...from...，have confidence in，nothing less than，prepare for，make it，meet up with，refer to...as...，remove from，on standby，be based on，hold down，break through，fight against重点句型1．独立主格结构2．动词不定式(短语)作定语3．It is＋no wonder (that)...4．过去分词短语作状语5．not only ...but (also)...连接并列成分单元语法主谓一致(1)话题任务介绍战斗英雄Section ⅠStarting out & Understandingideas1．a line of tanks 一排坦克2．recall every detail of the party 回想起聚会的每一个细节3．barely able to stand 勉强能站立4．memorial ceremonies 纪念仪式5．outstanding acts of courage杰出的勇敢行为1．violent adj．狂暴的，凶暴的→violence n．暴力→violently ad v．猛烈地，凶暴地2．land v．着陆；登陆→landing n．(军队的)登陆3．object v i．反对；不赞成n．物体；目标→objective n．目的，目标→objection n．反对；异议；反对的理由4．liberate v．解放(城市、国家等)→liberation n．解放5．memory n．记忆力→memorial adj．纪念的，追悼的→memorialize v．纪念1．be made up of 由……组成2．free...from...将……从……中解放出来；使……摆脱……3．have confidence in对……有信心4．nothing less than 完全是，不亚于5．prepare for为……做准备6．make it (尤指在困难情况下)准时到达；成功7．meet up with与……会合1．[句型公式] 独立主格结构Code-named “Operation Overlord”，it was the largest combined sea，air and land operation in history，the aim being to free north-west Europe from German occupation．这次作战行动的代号为“霸王行动”，它是历史上规模最大的海、陆、空三方力量集结的行动，目的是解放德国占领的欧洲西北部地区。

题目Ⅱ：英文名：Warehouse Operations中文名：仓库操作来源：Winograd T., Fore F., Business Logistics, Oliver Wight Publication, 2005Warehouse OperationsOnce a warehouse mission is determined, managerial attention focuses on establishing the operation. A typical warehouse contains materials, parts, and finished goods on the move. Warehouse operations consist of break-bulk, storage, and assembly procedures. The objective is to efficiently receive inventory, possibly store it until required by the market, assemble it into complete orders, and initiate movement to customer. This emphasis on product flow renders a modern warehouse as a mixing facility. As such, a great deal of managerial attention concerns how to perform storage to facilitate efficient materials handling.HandlingThe first consideration focuses on movement continuity and scale economies throughout the warehouse. Movement continuity means that it is better for a material handler with a piece of handling equipment to perform longer moves than to undertake a number of short handlings to accomplish the same overall move. Exchanging the product between handlers or moving it from one piece of equipment to another wastes time and increases the potential for product damage. Thus, as a general rule, longer warehouse movements are preferred. Goods, once in motion, should be continuously moved until arrival at their final destination.Scale economies justify moving the largest quantities or loads possible. Instead of moving individual cases, handling procedures should be designed to move cases grouped on pallets, slip-sheets, or containers. The overall objective of materials handling is to eventually sort inbound shipments into unique customer assortments. The three primary handling activities are receiving, in-storage handling, and shipping.ReceivingMerchandise and materials typically arrive at warehouses in large quantity shipments. The first handling activity is unloading. At most warehouses, unloading are performed mechanically, using a combination of a lift truck and manual processes. When freight is floor stacked on the transport vehicle, the typical procedure is to manually place products on pallets or to use a conveyor. When inbound product has been unitized on pallets or containers, lift trucks can be used to facilitate receiving. A primary benefit of receiving unitized loads is the ability to turn inbound transportation equipment more rapidly. Receiving is usually the unloading of a relatively high volume of similar product.In-Storage HandlingIn-storage handling consists of movements within the warehouse. Following receipt and movement to a staging location, product must be moved within the facility for storage or order selection. Finally, when an order is processed it is necessary to select the required products and move them to a shipping area. These two types of in-storage handling are typically referred to as transfer and selection.There are at least two and sometimes three transfer movements in a typical warehouse. The merchandise is initially moved from the receiving area to a storage location. This movement is typically handled by a lift truck when pallets or slip sheets are used or by other mechanical means for other types of unit loads. A second internal movement may be required prior to order assembly depending upon warehouse operating procedures. When unit loads have to be broken down for order selection, they are usually transferred from storage to an order selection or picking area. When products are large or bulky, such as appliances, this intermediate movement to a picking area may not be necessary. Such product is often selected from the storage area and moved directly to the shipping staging area. The shipping staging area is the area adjacent to the shipping dock. In order selection warehouses, the assembled customer order is transferred from the selection area to the shipping staging area. Characteristically, in-storage handling involves lower volume movements than receiving but still relatively similar products.Order selection is one of the major activities within warehouses. The selection process requires that materials, parts, and products be grouped to facilitate order assembly. It is typical for one area of a warehouse to be designated as a selection or picking area to assemble orders. For each order, the combination of products must be selected and packaged to meet specific customer order requirements. The typical selection process is coordinated by a warehouse management system.ShippingShipping consists of order verification and transportation equipment loading. Similar to receiving, firms may use conveyors or unit load materials handling equipment such as lift trucks to move products from the staging area into the transportation vehicle. Relative to receiving, warehouse shipping must accommodate relatively low-volume movements of a mixture of product, thus reducing the potential for economies of sale. Shipping unit loads is becoming increasingly popular because considerable time can be saved in vehicle loading. A unit load consists of unitized or palletized product. To facilitate this loading and subsequent unloading upon delivery, many customers are requesting that suppliers provide mixed combinations of product within a unit. The alternative is to floor stack cases in the transportation vehicle. Shipment content verification is typically required when product changes ownership. Verification may be limited to a simple carton count or a piece-by-piece check for proper brand, size, and in some cases serial number to assure shipment accuracy.StorageThe second consideration is that warehouse utilization should position products based upon individual characteristics. The most important product variables to consider in a storage plan are product volume, weight, and storage requirements.Product volume or velocity is the major factor driving warehouse layout. High-volume product should be positioned in the warehouse to minimize movementdistance. For example, high-velocity products should be positioned near doors, primary aisles, and at lower levels in storage racks. Such positioning minimizes warehouse handling and reduces the need for frequent lifting. Conversely, products with low volume should be assigned locations more distant from primary aisles or higher up in storage racks.Active StorageRegardless of inventory velocity, most goods must be stored for at least a short time. Storage for basic inventory replenishment is referred to as active storage. Active storage must provide sufficient inventory to meet the periodic demands of the service area. The need for active storage is usually related to the capability to achieve transportation or handling economies of scale. For active storage, materials handling processes and technologies need to focus on quick movement and flexibility with relatively minimal consideration for extended and dense storage.The active storage concept includes flow-through distribution, which uses warehouses for consolidation and assortment while maintaining minimal or no inventory storage. The resulting need for reduced inventory favors flow-through and cross docking techniques that emphasize movement and de-emphasize storage. Flow-through distribution is most appropriate for high-volume, fast-moving products where quantities are reasonably predictable. While flow-through distribution places minimal demands on storage requirements, it does require that product be quickly unloaded, de-unitized, grouped and sequenced into customer assortments, and reload into transportation equipment. As a result, the materials handling emphasis is to accurate information-directed quick movement.Extended StorageExtended storage, a somewhat misleading term, refers to inventory in excess of that required for normal replenishment of customer stocks. In some special situation, storage may be required for several months prior to customer shipment. Extended storage uses materials handling processes and technologies that focus on maximum space utilization with minimal need for quick access.A warehouse may be used for extended storage for several other reasons. Some products, such as seasonal items, require storage to await demand or to spread supply across time. Other reasons for extended storage include erratic demand items, product conditioning, speculative purchases, and discounts.Product conditioning sometimes requires extended storage, such as to ripen bananas. Food warehouses typically have ripening rooms to hold products until they reach peak quality. Storage may also be necessary for extended quality checks.Warehouses may also store goods on an extended basis when goods are purchased on a speculative basis. The magnitude of speculative buying depends upon the specific materials and industries involved, but it is very common in marketing of commodities and seasonal items. For example, if a price increase for an item isexpected, it is not uncommon for a firm to buy ahead at the current price and warehouse the product for later use. In this case, the discount or savings has to be traded off against extended storage and inventory carrying cost. Commodities such as grains, oil, and cardboard are often stored for speculative reasons.The warehouse may also be used to realize special discounts. Early purchase discounts may justify extended storage. The purchasing manager may be able to realize a substantial price reduction during a specific period of the year. Under such conditions the warehouse is expected to hold inventory in excess of active storage. Manufacturers of fertilizer, toys, and lawn furniture often attempt to shift the warehousing burden to customers by offering off-season warehouse storage allowances.Initiating Warehouse OperationsThe development of work procedures goes hand in hand with training warehouse personnel. Most firms implement a WMS (warehouse management system) to standardize work procedure and encourage best practice. It is management's responsibility to see that all personnel understand and use these procedures.In a mechanized warehouse, approximately 65 percent of personnel are employed in some facet of order selection. The two basic methods of order picking are individual and area selection, also known as batch selection. Using individual selection, one employee completes a customer's total order. This system is not widely used. Its primary application occurs when a large number of small orders is selected for repack or consolidated shipment, such as e-commerce fulfillment. Under the more commonly used area selection system each employee is assigned responsibility for a specific portion of the warehouse. To complete a customer's order, several different selectors are required. Because each employee has a thorough knowledge of a specific selection area, less time is required to locate items.Work procedures are also important for receiving and shipping. Established procedures for receiving and ensuring product entry into inventory records are critical. If pallets are used, the merchandise must be stacked in appropriate patterns to ensure maximum load stability and consistent case counts. Personnel working in shipping must have knowledge of trailer loading practices. In specific types of operations, particularly when merchandise changes ownership, items must be checked during loading.Work procedures are not restricted to floor personnel. Procedures must be established for administration and maintenance. Replenishment of warehouse inventory can cause operational problems if proper ordering procedures are lacking. Normally, there is limited interaction between buyers and warehouse personnel although such communication is improving with integrated supply chain management organizations. Buyers tend to purchase in quantities that afford the best price, and little attention is given to pallet compatible quantities or available warehouse space.Ideally buyers should coordinate with warehouse personnel before commissioning large orders or introducing new products. The experience of some companies has forced management to require buyers to predetermine warehouse space assignment prior to ordering. Another potential problem is the quantity of cases ordered. The goal is to purchase in pallet-multiple quantities. For example, if a product is ideally stacked on pallets in a 50-case pattern, the buyer should order in multiples of 50. If an order is placed for 120 cases, upon arrival the cases will fill two pallets plus 20 on a third pallet. The extra 20 cases will require the warehouse cubic space typically used for a pallet of 50 and will require the same amount of materials handling capacity to move.SecurityIn a broad sense, security in a warehouse involves protection against merchandise pilferage and deterioration. Each form of security requires management attention.Pilferage ProtectionIn warehouse operations it is necessary to protect against theft by employees and thieves as well as from riots and civil disturbances. Typical security procedures used throughout a business should be strictly enforced at each warehouse. Security begins at the fence. As standard procedure, only authorized personnel should be permitted into the facility and surrounding grounds. Entry to the warehouse yard should be controlled through a single gate. Without exception, no private automobile, regardless of management rank for customer status, should be allowed to enter the yard or park adjacent to the warehouse.To illustrate the importance of security guidelines, the following experience may be helpful. A firm adopted the rule that no private vehicles would be permitted in the warehouse yard. Exceptions were made for two office employees with special needs. One night after work, one of these employees discovered a bundle taped under one tender of his car. Subsequent checking revealed that the car was literally a loaded delivery truck. The matter was promptly reported to security, who informed the employee not to alter any packages taped to the car and to continue parking inside the yard. Over the next several days, the situation was fully uncovered, with the ultimate arrest and conviction of seven warehouse employees who confessed to stealing thousands of dollars worth of company merchandise. The firm would have been far better off had it provided transportation for the two special-needs employees from the regular parking lots to their work locations.Shortages are always a major concern in warehouse operations. Many are honest mistakes that occur during order selection and shipment, but the purpose of security is to restrict theft from all angles. The majority of thefts occur during normal working hours.Inventory control and order processing systems help protect merchandise from being carried out of the warehouse unless accompanied by a computer release document. If samples are authorized for salesperson use, such merchandise should be maintained in a separate inventory. Not all pilferage occurs on an individual basis. Organized efforts between warehouse personnel and carrier truck drivers can result in deliberate over picking, or high-for-low-value product substitution occurring in order to move unauthorized merchandise out of the warehouse. Employee work assignment rotation total case counts and occasional complete line-item checks can reduce vulnerability to such collaboration.A final concern is the increased incidence of hijacking over-the-road trailer loads from yards or while in transit. Hijacking is a major logistical concern. Over-the-road hijack prevention is primarily a law-enforcement matter, but in-yard theft can be eliminated by tight security provisions. Such over-the-road theft is a significant problem in developing countries. One beverage company manager reported that he budgeted to lose one truck a week due to theft for his South American operation. He instructed his drivers to simply turn over the keys and walk away rather than risk their life.Product DeteriorationWithin warehouse, a number of factors can reduce a product or material to nonmalleable status. The most obvious form of product deterioration is damage from careless materials handling. For example, when pallets of merchandise are stacked in great heights, a marked change in humidity or temperature can cause packages supporting the stack to collapse. The warehouse environment must be carefully controlled and measured to provide proper product protection. Of major concern is warehouse employee carelessness. In this respect, the lift truck may well be management's worst enemy. Regardless of how often lift truck operators are warned against carrying overloads, some still attempt such shortcuts when not properly supervised. In one situation a stack of four pallets was dropped off a lift truck at the receiving dock of a food warehouse. Standard procedure was to move two pallets per load. The dollar cost of the damaged merchandise exceeded the average daily profit of two retail supermarkets. Product deterioration from careless handling within the warehouse is a form of loss that cannot be insured against or offset with compensating revenue.Another major form of deterioration is incompatibility of products stored or transported together. For example, care must be taken when storing or shipping chocolate to make sure that it doesn't absorb odors from products it is being transported with such as household chemicals.DeliveryMost shipments from distribution warehouses to customers are completed by truck. When private trucking is utilized, a managerial concern is to scheduleshipments to achieve efficient transportation. Computer-assisted load planning and equipment routing techniques are very useful for organizing transportation requirements.Safety and MaintenanceAccident prevention is a concern of warehouse management. A comprehensive safety program requires constant examination of work procedures and equipment to locate and take corrective action to eliminate unsafe conditions before accidents result. Accidents occur when workers become careless or are exposed to mechanical or physical hazards. The floors of a warehouse may cause accidents if not properly cleaned. During normal operation, rubber and glass deposits collect on aisles and, from time to time broken cases will result in product seepage onto the floor. Proper cleaning procedures can reduce the accident risk of such hazards. Environmental safety has become a major concern of government.A preventive maintenance program is necessary for materials handling equipment. Unlike production machines, movement equipment is not stationary, so it is more difficult to properly maintain. A preventive maintenance program scheduling periodic checks of all handling equipment should be applied in every warehouse.仓库操作一旦一项仓库任务被确定，管理的注意力就集中在实施运营上。

南京市、盐城市2017届高三年级第一次模拟考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分20分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What color are the gloves?A. Blue.B. Green.C. Yellow.2. Where is the bookstore?A. Near a hotel.B. On the left of a hospital.C. On the right side of Main Street.3. When will the next underground arrive?A. At 1:55.B. At 2:00.C. At 2:05.4. Why c an‟t the lecture be held tomorrow?A. The CEO won‟t be available then.B. The lecture hall isn‟t big enough.C. The equipment in the lecture hall doesn‟t work.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. WeChat.B. Online shopping.C. The man‟s grandma.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。