《1972年国际海上避碰规则(2007年修正案)》(英文版)
- 格式:pdf
- 大小:635.87 KB
- 文档页数:35
1972年国际海上避碰规则第一章总则第一条适用范围1.本规则各条适用于在公海和连接于公海而可供海船航行的一切水域中的一切船舶。
2.本规则各条不妨碍有关主管机关为连接于公海而可供海船航行的任何港外锚地、港口、江河、湖泊或内陆水道所制订的特殊规定的实施。
这种特殊规定,应尽可能符合本规则各条。
3.本规则各条,不妨碍各国政府为军舰及护航下的船舶所制订的关于额外的队形灯、信号灯或笛号,或者为结队从事捕鱼的渔船所制定的关于额外的队形灯或信号灯的任何特殊规定的实施。
这些额外的队形灯、信号灯或笛号,应尽可能不致被误认为本规则其他条文所规定的任何号灯或信号。
4.为实施本规则,本组织可以采纳分道通航制。
5.凡经有关政府确定,某种特殊构造或用途的船舶,如须完全遵守本规则任何一条关于号灯或号型的数量、位置、能见距离或弧度以及声号设备的配置和特性的规定,就不能不影响其特殊功能时,则应遵守其政府在号灯或号型的数量、位置、能见距离或弧度以及声号设备的配置和特性方面为之另行确定的尽可能符合本规则所要求的规定。
第二条责任1.本规则各条不免除任何船舶或其所有人、船长或船员由于对遵守本规则各条的任何疏忽,或者对海员通常做法或当时特殊情况可能要求的任何戒备上的疏忽而产生的各种后果的责任。
2.在解释和遵行本规则各条规定时,应适当考虑到,为避免紧迫危险而须背离本规则各条规定的一切航行和碰撞的危险,以及任何特殊情况,其中包括当事船舶条件限制在内。
第三条一般定义除其他条文另有解释外,在本规则中:1.“船舶”一词,指用作或者能够用作水上运输工具的各类水上船筏,包括非排水船舶和水上飞机。
2.“机动船”一词,指用机器推进的任何船舶。
3.“帆船”一词,指任何驶帆的船舶,包括装有推进机器而不在使用者。
4.“从事捕鱼的船舶”一词,指使用网具、绳钓、拖网或其他使其操纵性能受到限制的渔具捕鱼的任何船舶,但不包括使用曳绳钓或其他并不使其操纵性能受到限制的渔具捕鱼的船舶。
1972年国际海上避碰规则公约颁发部门:伦敦发布日期:1972-10-20生效日期:1977-07-15各缔约方,本着保持高度的海上安全的愿望,注意到有必要对1960年国际海上人命安全会议最终议定书所附的国际海上避碰规则进行修订并使之适应新的情况,经就该规则被认可以来的发展情况对之进行了审议,现协议如下:第一条一般义务各缔约方保证实施本公约所附1972年国际海上避碰规则(以下简称“本规则”)所组成的各项条款及其他附录。
第二条签署、批准、接受、认可和加入1.本公约保持开放到1973年6月1日为止供签署,此后继续开放供加入。
2.联合国或其任何专门机构或国际原子能机构的会员国,或国际法院规约的当事方,可按照下列方式参加本公约:(a)签署并对批准、接受或认可无保留;(b)签署而有待批准、接受或认可,随后予以批准、接受或认可;或(c)加入。
3.批准、接受、认可或加入须向政府间海事协商组织(以下简称“本组织”)交存相应的文件,方为有效。
本组织应将每一上述文件的交存和交存日期通知已签署或已加入本公约的各国政府。
第三条领土的适用范围1.联合国如系某一领土的管理当局,或任一缔约方如负责某一领土的国际关系,可随时以书面通知本组织秘书长(以下简称“秘书长”),将本公约扩大适用于该领土。
2.本公约应自接到通知之日或通知中规定的其他日期起,扩大适用于通知中所述领土。
3.对根据本条第1款所作通知中所述的任何领土,均可撤销扩大适用,经1年后撤销时规定的更长期限后,本公约即不再适用于该领土。
4.秘书长应将根据本条所递交的任何扩大适用或撤销扩大适用的通知,通知所有缔约方。
第四条生效1.(a)本公约应在至少有15个国家参加本公约之日起12个月后生效,该15国的商船总和应不少于全世界100总吨及100总吨以上船舶的艘数或吨位的65%,以先达到者为准。
(b)尽管有本款(a)项的规定,本公约在1976年1月1日之前不应生效。
2.对于在达到本条第(1)款(a)项所规定的条件之后而在本公约生效之前按照第二条规定批准、接受、认可或加入本公约的国家,应自本公约生效之日起生效。
1972年国际海上避碰规则1972年国际海上避碰规则第一章总则第一条适用范围1.本规则各条适用于在公海和连接于公海而可供海船航行的一切水域中的一切船舶。
2.本规则各条不妨碍有关主管机关为连接于公海而可供海船航行的任何港外锚地、港口、江河、湖泊或内陆水道所制订的特殊规定的实施。
这种特殊规定,应尽可能符合本规则各条。
3.本规则各条,不妨障各国政府为军舰及护航下的船舶所制订的关于额外的队形灯、信号灯、号型或笛号,或者为结队从事捕鱼的渔船所制定的关于额外的队形灯、信号灯或号型的任何特殊规定的实施。
这些额外的队形灯、信号灯、号型或笛号,应尽可能不致被误认为本规则其他条文所规定的任何号灯、号型或信号。
4.为实施本规则,本组织可以采纳分道通航制。
5.凡经有关政府确定,某种特殊构造或用途的船舶,如须完全遵守本规则任何一条关于号灯或号型的数量、位置、能见距离或弧度以及声号设备的配置和特性的规定,就不能不影响其特殊功能时,则应遵守其政府在号灯或号型的数量、位置、能见距离或弧度以及声号设备的配置和特性方面为之另行确定的,尽可能符合本规则所要求的规定。
第二条责任1.本规则各条并不免除任何船舶或其所有人,船长或船员由于对遵守本规则各条的任何疏忽,或者对海员通常做法或当时特殊情况可能要求的任何戒备上的疏忽而产生的各种后果的责任。
2.在解释和遵行本规则各条规定时,应适当考虑到,为避免紧迫危险而须背离本规则各条规定的一切航行和碰撞的危险,以及任何特殊情况,其中包括当事船舶条件限制在内。
第三条一般定义除其他条文另有解释外,在本规则中:1.“船舶”一词,指用作或者能够用作水上运输工具的各类水上船筏,包括非排水船舶和水上飞机。
2.“机动船”一词,指用机器推进的任何船舶。
3.“帆船”一词,指任何驶帆的船舶,包括装有推进机器而不在使用者。
4.“从事捕鱼的船舶”一词,指使用网具、绳钓、拖网或其他使其操纵性能受到限制的渔具捕鱼的任何船舶,但不包括使用曳绳钓或其他并不使其操纵性能受到限制的渔具捕鱼的船舶。
1972年国际海上避碰规则欧阳家百(2021.03.07)INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS FORPREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA,1972(第1- 19条)第一章总则 Part A – General第一条 Rule 1适用范围 Application1 本规则条款适用于公海和连接于公海而可供海船航行的一切水域中的一切船舶。
(a)These Rules shall apply to all vessels upon the high seas and in all waters connected therewith navigable by seagoing vessels.2本规则条款不妨碍有关主管机关为连接于公海而可供海船航行的任何港外锚地、江河、湖泊或内陆水道所制订的特殊规定的实施。
这种特殊规定,应尽可能符合本规则条款。
(b)Nothing in these Rules shall interfere in the operation of special rules made by an appropriate authority for roadsteads, harbors, rivers, lakes or inland waterways connected with the high seas and navigable by seagoing vessels. Such special rules shall conform as closely as possible to these Rules.3.本规则条款不妨碍各国政府为军舰及护航下的船舶所制定的关于额外的队形灯、信号灯、号型或笛号,或者为结队从事捕鱼的渔船所制定的关于额外的队形灯、信号灯或号型的任何特殊规定的实施。
这些额外的队形灯、信号灯、号型或笛号,应尽可能不致被误认为本规则其他条文所规定的任何号灯、号型或信号。
《1972年国际海上避碰规则》1972年国际海上避碰规则第一章总则第一条适用范围1.本规则各条适用于在公海和连接于公海而可供海船航行的一切水域中的一切船舶。
2.本规则各条不妨碍有关主管机关为连接于公海而可供海船航行的任何港外锚地、港口、江河、湖泊或内陆水道所制订的特殊规定的实施。
这种特殊规定,应尽可能符合本规则各条。
3.本规则各条,不妨障各国政府为军舰及护航下的船舶所制订的关于额外的队形灯、信号灯、号型或笛号,或者为结队从事捕鱼的渔船所制定的关于额外的队形灯、信号灯或号型的任何特殊规定的实施。
这些额外的队形灯、信号灯、号型或笛号,应尽可能不致被误认为本规则其他条文所规定的任何号灯、号型或信号。
4.为实施本规则,本组织可以采纳分道通航制。
5.凡经有关政府确定,某种特殊构造或用途的船舶,如须完全遵守本规则任何一条关于号灯或号型的数量、位置、能见距离或弧度以及声号设备的配置和特性的规定,就不能不影响其特殊功能时,则应遵守其政府在号灯或号型的数量、位置、能见距离或弧度以及声号设备的配置和特性方面为之另行确定的,尽可能符合本规则所要求的规定。
第二条责任1.本规则各条并不免除任何船舶或其所有人,船长或船员由于对遵守本规则各条的任何疏忽,或者对海员通常做法或当时特殊情况可能要求的任何戒备上的疏忽而产生的各种后果的责任。
2.在解释和遵行本规则各条规定时,应适当考虑到,为避免紧迫危险而须背离本规则各条规定的一切航行和碰撞的危险,以及任何特殊情况,其中包括当事船舶条件限制在内。
第三条一般定义除其他条文另有解释外,在本规则中:1.“船舶”一词,指用作或者能够用作水上运输工具的各类水上船筏,包括非排水船舶和水上飞机。
2.“机动船”一词,指用机器推进的任何船舶。
3.“帆船”一词,指任何驶帆的船舶,包括装有推进机器而不在使用者。
4.“从事捕鱼的船舶”一词,指使用网具、绳钓、拖网或其他使其操纵性能受到限制的渔具捕鱼的任何船舶,但不包括使用曳绳钓或其他并不使其操纵性能受到限制的渔具捕鱼的船舶。
第一篇國際海上避碰規則一九七二年國際海上避碰規則前言國際海上避碰規則,可以說是海上的交通規則,比如開車首先要懂得交通號誌,紅燈停綠燈走,什麼情況下不可以超車,什麼情況下不可以變換車道,稍有不慎即易發生車禍。
海上雖然遼闊不若馬路擁擠,但現代商船較為龐大,操作不若汽車靈活,同時又受風力及流水等因素之影響,且航行不分晝夜,天候又多變化,如果沒有嚴格和共同遵守的航行規則,很難維持海上的交通安全,所以需要制定國際的海上避碰規則以便大家來遵守。
本篇所述係「一九七二年國際海上避碰規則(International Regulations for Preventing Collision at Sea 1972)」,適用於公海及所有與公海相通之水域內之所有船舶。
經一九八一年、一九八七年、一九八九、一九九三年、二○○一年修正完成。
本避碰規則共分成五章計三十八條〆第一章總則(第一條至第三條)、第二章操舵及航行規則(第四條至第十九條)、第三章號燈與號標(第二十條至第三十一條)、第四章音響信號與燈光信號(第三十二條至第三十七條)、第五章豁免(第三十八條)以及四個附錄。
第一章總則第一條適用範圍一、本規則適用於在公海上,及在所有與公海相通可供海船航行之水域內之所有船舶。
二、本規則之任何規定,並不干涉當地主管機關為與公海相通,可供海船航行之錨泊區、港口、江河、湖泊或內陸水道所制定之特殊規則之行使。
該特殊規則應盡可能與本規則相符。
三、本規則各條之規定,並不干涉任何國家政府為其軍艦及在護航下之船舶所增設之部位燈或信號燈,號標或號笛信號的特別規定之行使。
或為其從事捕魚中之漁船隊所增設之部位燈或信號燈或號標的特別規則之行使,此項增設之部位燈或信號燈,號標或號笛信號,應盡可能使其不致被誤認為本規則中所規定之任何號燈、號標或信號。
四、為實施本規則,本組織(國際海事組織)可採用分道通航制。
五、不論何時當有關政府對於一特殊結構或用途之船舶,認為其號燈或號標之數量、位置、能見距或可見弧度,及其音響信號設備之裝置與性能,不能完全符合本規則之規定時,該船應遵守其本國政府對該船號燈或號標之數量、位置、能見距離或可見弧度,及其音響信號設備之裝置與性能之規定,該項規定應盡可能接近本規則之規定。
1972年国际海上避碰规则INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS FORPREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA,1972(第1- 19条)第一章总则 Part A – General第一条 Rule 1适用范围 Application1 本规则条款适用于公海和连接于公海而可供海船航行的一切水域中的一切船舶。
(a)These Rules shall apply to all vessels upon the high seas and in all waters connected therewith navigable by seagoing vessels.2本规则条款不妨碍有关主管机关为连接于公海而可供海船航行的任何港外锚地、江河、湖泊或内陆水道所制订的特殊规定的实施。
这种特殊规定,应尽可能符合本规则条款。
(b)Nothing in these Rules shall interfere in the operationof special rules made by an appropriate authority for roadsteads, harbors, rivers, lakes or inland waterways connected with the high seas and navigable by seagoing vessels. Such special rules shall conform as closely as possible to these Rules.3.本规则条款不妨碍各国政府为军舰及护航下的船舶所制定的关于额外的队形灯、信号灯、号型或笛号,或者为结队从事捕鱼的渔船所制定的关于额外的队形灯、信号灯或号型的任何特殊规定的实施。
这些额外的队形灯、信号灯、号型或笛号,应尽可能不致被误认为本规则其他条文所规定的任何号灯、号型或信号。
Chapter8:Regulation for Preventing Collisions at 1972 (WITH AMENDMENTS ADOPTED FROM NOVEMBER 1995) Easy Referrence:New Words and ExpressionsRegulation [,reɡju'leiʃən] n.规章; 规则Preventing[[pri'ventɪŋ] n.预防Collision [kə'liʒən] n.collision regulation 避碰规则Amendnment [ə’mendmənt] n.修正案,修改,修订Adopt [[ə'dɔpt] 采用Reference ['refrəns] n. 参考Considerably [kənsɪdərəblɪ] adv.适当地Refer to 涉及Convenienently [kən'vi:njənt lɪ] adv.方便地, 便利地Part [pɑ:t] n.章Section['sekʃən] n.节Include[in'klu:d]v.包括Accompany[ə'kʌmpəni] v. Title['taitl] n.标题Steering['stiəriŋ] n.驾驶Sailing ['seɪlɪŋ] n.航行Rule [ru:l] n.规则Conduct[kən'dʌkt] n.行动Condition [kən'diʃən] n.状况,条件Visibility[,vɪzə'bɪlɪti:] n.能见度In sight of one another 互见Restricted[rɪ'strɪktɪd] adj.受限制的In restricted visibility 能见度不良Light [lait] n. 号灯Signal['siɡnəl] n.信号Exemption[ɪg'zempʃən] n.豁免Positioning[pə 'ziʃəniŋ] n.位置Technical['teknikəl]adj.技术的Detail['di:teil]n. 细节Shape[ʃeip] n.号型Additional[ə'diʃənl] adj.附加的,额外的Fishing['fɪʃɪŋ] n.捕鱼Proximity[prɔk'simiti] n.接近,附近Appliance[ə'plaiəns] n.器具,工具Distress[dis'tres] n.危险,困难PART A. GENERAL(总则) RULE 1General['dʒenərəl] n.总则Navigable['nævɪgəbəl]adj.可航行的,可通道的Conform[kən'fɔ:m] v. (使)一致,(使)符合Convoy['kɔn,vɔɪ] v. 为…..护航,护送Comply[kəm'plai] v. 遵照,遵从,服从Compliance[kəm'plaɪəns] n. 依从In compliance with 依从…..,依照……Provision[prə'viʒən] n. 条款,规定Disposition[,dispə'ziʃən] n. 布置,配置,安排Arc[ɑ:k] n. 弧Arc of visibility 可见光弧With respect to 关于,就……而言In(with) regard to 关于In respect of关于,就……而言Application[,æpli'keiʃən] n.适用Upon[ə'pɔn, əpən] prep. 在…..时候,在…..上面The high sea 公海Apply to 适用于Connect [kə'nekt] v.连接Therewith[ðɛə'wiθ] adv.随之,与其Seagoing['si:,gəʊɪŋ] adj. 适于远航的Seagoing vesel 海船Operation[,ɔpə'reiʃən] n. 实施Interfere[,ɪntə'fiə] v. 干涉,妨碍Appropriate[ə'prəupriit] adj.有关的Authority[ɔ:'θɔriti] n.权力部门Roadstead['rəʊd,sted] n. (开敞)锚地Lake[leik] n. 湖Inland['inlənd] adj. 内陆的Waterway['wɔ:tə,weɪ, 'wɔtə-] n.水道Government['ɡʌvənmənt] n.政府Shape[ʃeip] n. 号型Whistle signal笛号Station['steiʃən] n. 队形Station light 队形灯proceed[prə'si:d] v. 前进,行进Convoy['kɔn,vɔɪ] n.(有护航的)船队Engage[en'geɪdʒd] v.从事于V essel engaged in fishing 渔船Fleet[fli:t] n. 舰队So far as 尽可能的Mistake[mis'teik] v. 弄错,误解Authorize['ɔ:θəraiz] v.核准,认可,审定Elsewhere['els'hwɛə] adv. 在别处,他处Traffic separation scheme ['træfik,sepə'reɪʃən,ski:m] 分道通航制Organization[,ɔ:ɡənai'zeiʃən] n. 组织,机构,团体Concerned[kən'sɜ:nd]Determine[di'tə:min] v.确定,制定Construction[kən'strʌkʃən] n. 结构,构造Purpose['pə:pəs] n. 目的,意图Comply[kəm'plai] v. 遵从,服从Range or arc visibilityFully ['fʊli:] adv. 完全地Disposition[,dispə'ziʃən] n.配置Characteristic[,kæriktə'ristik] adj.特征的,特性的Sound-signaling appliance 声好设备RULE 2Responsibility[ri,spɔnsə'biliti] n.责任Exonerate[ɪg'zɔnə,reɪt] v.免除,豁免Master['mɑ:stə] n. 船长Crew[kru:] n. 全体船员Thereof[ðeər'ʌv, -'ɔv] adv.它的Consequence['kɔnsikwəns] n. 结果,后果Neglect[ni'ɡlekt] n.忽略,疏忽Precaution[pri'kɔ:ʃən] n. 预防措施,预防Ordinary['ɔ:dinəri] adj. 普通的,平常的Practice['præktis] n. 实习;实践Case[keis] n. 事件,事情Circumstance['sə:kəmstəns] n. 情况,境遇,环境,情景Construe[kən'stru:] v. 解释(陈述,行为等)Due[dju:]adj.应有的,适宜的limitation[,limi'teiʃən] n.限制;局限, 极限involved[ɪn'vɔlvd] adj.被牵涉的departure[di'pɑ:tʃə] n.离开, 离去make a departure 背离avoid[ə'vɔid] v.避免immediate danger 紧迫危险Rule 2 [1180] The Rules state that vessels may depart from the Rules when ______.A.there are other vessels in the vicinityB. operating in a traffic separation schemeC. engaged in a situation involving more than two vesselsD. necessary to avoid immediate dangerRULE3Definition[,defi'niʃən] n.定义, 释义Except[ik'sept] prep. 除…..之外Context['kɔntekst] n. 上下文Otherwise['ʌðəwaiz] conj.否则,要不然Description[dis'kripʃən] n.种类, 类型Water craft 水上船筏Non-displacement[dɪs'pleɪsmənt] craft 非排水船舶Seaplane['si:,pleɪn] n.水上飞机Capable['keipəbl] adj.能够的,有能力的means [mi:nz] n.方法, 手段Transportation[,trænspɔ:'teiʃən] n. 运输工具Term[tə:m] n. 术语Power-driven vessel 机动船Propel[prə'pel] v.推进; 推动Machinery[mə'ʃi:nəri] n.(总称)机器;体系, 机构Sailing vessel 帆船Fit[fit] v.安装, 配备V essel engaged in fishing 从事捕鱼的船Net[net] n. 渔网Line[lain] n. 绳钓Trawl[trɔ:l] n.拖网Apparatus[,æpə'reitəs] n.仪器,器具Manoeuvrability Trolling line 曳绳钓Aircraft['ɛəkrɑ:ft] n. 航空器V essel not under command 失去控制的船舶Keep out of the way of another 给他船让路V essel restricted in her ability to manooeuvre 操限船Therefore 因此,所以Laying敷设Servicing 维修Pick up 起捞Mark[mɑ:k] 标志Submarine cable 海底电缆Pipeline['paɪp,laɪn] n. 管道Dredge[dredʒ] v.疏浚(河道等) Surveying 测量Underwater['ʌndə,wɔ:tə, -,wɔtə] adj.水下的Replenishment n. 补给,补充Transferring n.转移,转运Provision[prə'viʒən] n.食物,供应UnderwayLaunch[lɔ:ntʃ] v. 发射Recovery[ri'kʌvəri] n.回收Mine clearance operation 清除水雷作业Towing[təu] operation 拖带作业Towing vessel 拖船Deviate['di:vieit] v. 偏离Course[kɔ:s] n.航线,航向Severely adj.严格的V essel constraibed by her draught 限于吃水的船Power-driven vessel 机动船In relation to 与…..有关Available ['ævə,læntʃ] adj.可用的Depth[depθ] n. 深度Width[widθ] n.宽度Follow v.跟随,接着anchor 锚make fast to the shore 系岸aground[ə'graʊnd] n. 搁浅length[leŋθ] n.长度breadth[bredθ] n.宽度overall['əuvərɔ:l] adj.总体的,全面的deem[di:m] to 认为observe[əb'zə:v] v 观察,研究visually adv.视觉上地,看的见地restricted visibility 能见度不良fog[fɔɡ] n.雾mist[mist] n.霾rainstorm['reɪn,stɔ:m] n. 暴风雨sandstorm['sænd,stɔ:m] n.沙暴similar['similə] adj.类似的,同类的cause[kɔ:z] n.缘故,原因Rule 3[292] Acco rding to the Rules, a vessel’s length is her ______.A. length between the perpendicularsB. length along the waterlineC. length overallD. registered lengthRule 3 [258] A vessel that is defined as restricted in her ability to manoeuver is unable to keep out of the way of another vessel due to ______.A. her draftB. the nature of her workC. some exceptional circumstancesD. a danger of navigationRule 3[248] A vessel is not underway when ______.A. the anchor is draggingB. the ahchor is used in dockingC. the ahchor is dredgingD. she is at anchor but yawing heavilyRule 3 [247] A vessel is in sight of another vessel when ______.A. she can be observed by radarB. she can be observed visually from the other vesselC. she can be plotted on radar well enough to determine her headingD. her fog signal can be heardRule 3 [257] A vessel restricted by its ability to maneuver by the nature of its work or its deep draft is__A. Hampered vesselB. Giving way vesselC. Vessel not under controlD. Disabled vesselPARTB.STEERING AND SAILING RULES(驾驶和航行规则)SectionⅠ.Conduct of vessels in any condition of visiblity RULE 4-5Lookout['lʊk,aʊt] n.瞭望Maintain[mein'tein] v. 维持,维护Prevailing [[prɪˈveɪlɪŋ] adj.占优势的;主要的Appraisal[ə'preizəl] n. 估计,估量,评价Situation[,sitju'eiʃən] n. 形式,情况Risk[risk] n.危险,风险RULE 6Safe speed 安全航速Action['ækʃən] n.行动,活动Distance['distəns] n. 距离,间距Factor['fæktə] n.因素,要素Take into account 重视,考虑State[steit] n.状况The state of visibility 能见度情况Traffic density 通航密度Concentration[,kɔnsən'treiʃən] n.集中,密集Stopping distance 冲程Turning ability 回转性能Prevailing condition 当时情况Presence['prezəns] n.出现,存在Background['bækɡraund] n.背景Shore light 岸灯Scatter['skætə] n.散射,撒播Current['kʌrənt] n. 水流,气流Hazard['hæzəd] n.危险,公害Radar['reidə] n. 雷达Efficiency n.效率,效能Constraint[kən'streint] n.强制,限制,约束Scale[skeil] n.标尺Radar range scale 雷达距离标尺Detection[di'tekʃən] n.侦查Radar detection 雷达探测Floating['fləʊtɪŋ] adj.不固定的,浮动的Object['ɔbdʒikt] n.物体Adequate['ædikwit] adj.充分的,足够的Assessment[ə'sesmənt] n.评估,评价vicinity[vi'siniti] n.附近,临近in the vicinity 附近,临近Rule 6 [1177] The Rules state that certain factors are to be taken into account when determining safe speed. One of the factors is the ______. radio communications that are availableB. maximum speed of your vesselC. temperatureD. currentRule 6 [1178] The Rules state that certain factors are to be taken into account when determining safespeed. Those factors include ______. A. state of wind , sea, and current, and the proximity of navigational hazardsmaximum attainable speed of your vesselC. temperatureD. aids to navigation that are availableRULE7Risk of collsion 碰撞危险exist[iɡ'zist] v.存在,有longe-range 远距离obtain[əb'tein] v.获得,得到warning['wɔ:nɪŋ] n. 警报radar plot 雷达标绘equivalent 相等的,相当的systematic adj.有系统的,有规则的assumption n.推断,臆断on the basis of 以……为基础scanty['skænti:] adj.(大小或数量)不足的,不充分的information[,ɪnfə'meiʃən] n.资料consideration[kən,sidə'reiʃən] n.考虑commpass bearing 罗经方位approaching vessel 来船appreciably adv. 略微,有一点evident['evidənt] adj.明显的,明白的tow [təu] v.拖,拉Rule 7[1179] The Rules state that risk of collision shall be deemed to exist ______.A. whenever two vessels are on opposite coursesB. whenever a vessel crosses ahead of the intended track of another vesselC. if the bearing of an approaching vessel does not appreciably changeD. if one vessel approaches another so as to be overtakingRULE8Admit 许可ample['æmpl] adj.大量的observance[əb'zɜ:vəns] n.遵守,奉行seamanship['si:mən,ʃɪp] 船艺alteration[,ɔ:ltə'reɪʃən] n.改动,更改,改变succession[sək'seʃən] n.连续,连续不断的sufficient[sə'fiʃənt] adj. 足够的,充足的close-quarters situation 紧迫局面provided that 前提,条件substantial[səb'stænʃəl] adj.大量的effectiveness 有效有力check[tʃek] v.检查,核对assess 评价,估计slacken['slækən] v.j变迟缓,减速reverse[ri'və:s] v.使反转propulsion[prə'pʌlʃən] n. 推进器impede[im'pi:d] v. 阻碍,妨碍,阻止obligation[,ɔbli'ɡeiʃən] n.责任,义务so as to 为了,以便involve[in'vɔlv] vt.牵涉,牵连RULE9proceed[prə'si:d] v.前进,行进narrow['nærəu] adj. 狭窄的channel['tʃænl] n. 水道fairway['fɛəwei] n.航道the outer limit 外缘lie on 位于practicable['præktikəbl] adj. 实用的,可行的latter['lætə] adj. 后者的intention[in'tenʃən] n.意图,意向,目的crossing vessel 穿越船overtake[,əuvə'teik] v. 追越take place 发生take action to 采取行动take step to 采取措施overtaking vessel 追越船bend[bend] n.弯头,弯曲处obscure[əb'skjuə] n.遮蔽intervene[,ɪntə'vi:n] obstruction [əb'strʌkʃən, ɔb-] 居间障碍物alertness n.警戒,机警anchoring n.锚泊prescribe 指定遵守Rule 9 [256] A vessel proceeding along a narrow channel shall ______.A. avoid crossing the channel at right anglesB. not overtake any vessels within the channelC. keep as near as safe and practicable to the limit of the channel on her starboard sideD. when nearing a bend in the channel, sound a long blast of the whistle Rule 9[236] A vessel approaching a narrow channel shall _____.A. avoid crossing the channel if it impedes another vessel navigating in the channelB. not overtake any vessels within the channelC. keep as close as possible to the edge of the channel on her port sideD. anchor only in the middle of the channelRule 9[680] In a narrow channel, a signal of intent which must be answered by the other vessel, is sounded by a vessel ______A. meeting another head-onB.crossing the course of anotherC. overtaking anotherD. Any of the aboveRULE10traffic separation scheme 分道通航制traffi flow 船流traffic lane 通航分道general direction 总方向traffic separation line通航分隔线separation zone 分隔带termination[,tɜ:mə'neɪʃən] n.边界,界限angle['æŋɡl] n.角度adjacent[ə'dʒeisənt] adj.邻近的inshore traffic zone 沿岸通航带notwithstanding[,nɔtwiθ'stændiŋ] prep. 尽管subparagraph 段落en route to [en] 前往……途中offshore ['ɔ:f'ʃɔ:, -'ʃəʊr, 'ɔf-] adj.近海的,沿岸的installation[,ɪnstə'leiʃən] n.沿岸的pilot station 引航站enter['entə] vt.进入in case of 以防,万一margin['mɑ:dʒin] n. 边缘exempt[iɡ'zempt] v. 免除,豁免to the extent[iks'tent] 在一定程度上carry out 执行,贯彻submarine cable ['sʌbməri:n] ['keibl] 海底电缆Rule 10 [681] In a traffic separation scheme, when joining a traffic lane from the side, a vessel shall do so_A. only in case of an emergency or to engage in fishing within the zoneB. as nearly as practical at right angles to the general direction of traffic flowC. at as small an angle as possibleD. only to anchor within the zoneRule 10[224] A traffic separation zone is that part of a traffic separation scheme which ______.A. is between the scheme and the nearest landB. contains all the traffic moving in one directionC. is designated as an anchorage areaD. separates traffic proceeding in one direction from traffic proceeding in the opposite directionRule 10 [262] A vessel using a traffic separation scheme shall ______.A. only anchor in the separation zoneB. cross a traffic lane at as small an angle as possibleC. avoid anchoring in areas near the termination of the schemeD. utilize the separation zone for navigating through the scheme if she is impeding other traffic due to her slower speedSection ⅡConduct of V essels in sight One Another船舶在互见中的行动规则RULE11/12In sight of one another 互见follow['fɔləu] n. 如下,下面keep out of the way of the other 给他船让路windward['wɪndwəd] n. 上风,迎风leeward['li:wəd, 'lu:əd] n. 下风deem to 认为,相信determine [di'tə:min] v. 确定,测定mainsail['meiseil] n. 主帆square-rigged vessel 横帆船fore-and –aft sail 纵帆Rule 12 [624]If a sailing vessel with the wind on the port side sees asailing vessel to windward and cannot tell weather the other vessel has the wind on the port or starboard side, she shall ______.A. hold course and speedB. sound the danger signalC. keep out of the way of the other vesselD.turn to port and come into the windRULE13overtaking n. 追越notwithstanding[,nɔtwiθ'stændiŋ] prep. 尽管contain[kən'tein] v. 包含包括abaft[ə'bɑ:ft] adv. 在船尾beam[bi:m] n.正横come up with 追赶sternlight[stə:n,lait] n. 尾灯sidelight['said,lait] n. 舷灯with reference to 关于dout[daut]n. 怀疑,疑问assume[ə'sju:m] v. 假定,假想accordingly[ə'kɔ:diŋli]adv. 相应的,照着subsequent['sʌbsikwənt] adj.随后的,继…….之后的bearing['bɛəriŋ] n. 方位crossing vessel 交叉船duty['dju:ti] n. 职责,义务Rule13 [365] An overtaking situation at night would be one in which one vessel sees which light(s) of avessel ahead ?______.A. Masthead lights and sidelightsB. One sidelight, the masthead lights and stern-lightC. Both sidelightsD. Stern-lightRule13 [365] An overtaking situation at night would be one in which one vessel sees which light(s) of avessel ahead ?______.A. Masthead lights and sidelightsB. One sidelight, the masthead lights and stern-lightC. Both sidelightsD. Stern-lightRule13 [365] An overtaking situation at night would be one in which one vessel sees which light(s) of avessel ahead ?______.A. Masthead lights and sidelightsB. One sidelight, the masthead lights and stern-lightC. Both sidelightsD. Stern-lightRule 13[1176] The Rules state that a vessel overtaking another vessel is relieved of her duty to keep clear when ______.A. she is forward of the other vessel’s beamB. the overtaking situation becomes a crossing situationC. she is past and clear of the other vesselD. the other vessel is no longer in sight RULE14head-on situation 对遇局面power-drive vessel 机动船reciprocal[ri'siprəkəl] adj. 相互的alter['ɔ:ltə] v. 改变masthead['mɑ:sthed] n.桅杆masthead light 桅灯corresponding[‘kɔris’pɔndiŋ,] adj. 相应的,一致的Rule 14 [933] Rule 14 describes the action to be taken by vessels meeting head-on. Which of the followingconditions must exist in order for this rule to apply?______.A. Both vessels must be power-driven.B. They must be meeting on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal courses.C. The situation must involve risk of collision.D. All of the aboveRULE15crossing situation 交叉相遇局面ahead[ə'hed] adv.在某人或某事物的局面Rule 15 [677] In a crossing situation, the vessel which has the other on her own starboard side shall _____A. if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid crossing ahead of the otherB. change course to port to keep out of the wayC. reduce her speedD. All of the aboveRULE16give-way vessel 让路船substantial[səb'stænʃəl] adj.大量的,大幅度的RULE17stand-on vessel 直航船in accordance with 与…….一致latter ['lætə] adj.后者的in compliance with 顺从cause [kɔ:z] n.原因, 起因relieve[ri'li:v] v. 解除,取消Rule 17 [211] A stand-on vessel in a crossing situation is allowed to take action when ______.A. on a collision courseB. the vessels will pass within one mileC. it becomes apparent to her that the give-way vessel is not taking appropriate actionD. the relative speed of the vessels indicates collision in less than six minutesRule 17[212] A stand-on vessel is ______.A. required to give way in a crossing situationB. required to sound the first passing signal in a meeting situationC. free to maneuver in any crossing or meeting situation as it has the right-of-wayD. required to maintain course and speed in a crossing situation but may take action to avoid collisionRule17 [669] If your vessel is the stand-on vessel in a crossing situation ______.A. you must keep your course and speedB. you may change course and speed as the other vessel must keep clearC. the other vessel must keep her course and speedD. both vessels must keep their course and speedRule 17 [1174] The rules require that a stand-on vessel SHALL take action to avoid collision when she determines that ______.risk of collision existsB. the other vessel will cross ahead of herC. the other vessel is not taking appropriate actionD. collision cannot be avoided by the give-way vessel’s maneuver alone RULE18vessel not under command 失去控制的船draught[drɑ:ft] n. 吃水other than 除了exhibit[iɡ'zibit] v.显示,显出in general 通常,大体上Rule 18[676] In a crossing situation on open waters, a sailing vessel shall keep out of the way of all the following vessels EXCEPT a vessel ______.A. not under commandB. retricted in her ability to maneuverC. engaged in towingD. fishingSection Ⅲ. Conduct of vessels in restricted visibily 船舶在能见度不良时的行动规则RULE19extreme[iks'tri:m] adj.极度的,极端的close-quarter situation 紧迫局面fog signal 雾号Rule 19 [722] In restricted visibility, a vessel which detects by radar alone the presence of another vessel shall determine if a close quarters situation is developing or risk of collision exists. If so, she shallA. sound the danger signalB. when taking action, make only course changesC. avoid altering course toward a vessel abaft the beamD. All of the aboveRule 19 [1197] The steering and sailing rules for vessels in restrictedvisibility apply to vessels ______.A. in sight of one another in fogB. navigating in or near an area of restricted visibilityC. only if they are showing special purpose lightsD. only if they have operational radarPART C. LIGHTS AND SHAPES(号灯和号型) RULE20weather['weðə] n. 天气concerning[kən'sə:niŋ] prep. 关于sunset['sʌnset] n.日落sunrise['sʌnraiz] n. 日出impair [im'peə] v. 消弱,损坏distinctive[dɪ'stɪŋktɪv] adj.显著的,与众不同的masthead light 桅灯character['kæriktə] n. 品质,特点Rule 20 [293] According to the Rules, when should lights be displayed?______.A. During the hours of darknessB. At all times when underwayC. From sunset to sunrise and restricted visibilityD. Sunrise to sunsetRule 20 [1173] The rules concerning lights shall be complied with in all weathers from sunset to sunrise. The lights ______.A. shall be displayed in restricted visibility during daylight hoursB. need not be displayed when no other vessels are in the areaC. shall be set at low power when used during daylight hoursD. need not be displayed by unmanned vesselsRULE21centerline 中心线unbroken light 不间断的灯光horizon[hə'raizən] n. 水平(线)lantern['læntən]n.灯笼sternlight n.艉灯place[pleis] v.放,安装towing light 拖带灯all round light 环照灯flashing light 闪光灯interval['intəvəl] n.间隔时间; (时间上的)间隔, 间隙, 间歇frequency['fri:kwənsi]n. (声波或无线电波的)振动频率flash[flæʃ] n.闪光信号RULE22intensity[in'tensiti] n.强度inconspicuous[,ɪnkən'spɪkju:əs]adj.不易觉察的partly['pɑ:tli]adv.部分地, 不完全地submerged[səb‘mɜ:dʒd]adj.在水中的;淹没的RULE23air-cushion vessel 气垫船in addition to adv.除了……之外,还all-round flashing yellow light 环照黄色闪光灯in lieu of[lu:] 以…….代替RULE24vertical['və:tikəl] adj.垂直的exceed[ik'si:d] v. 超过diamond['daiəmənd] n.菱形diamond shape 菱形号型pushing vessel 顶推船rigidly[‘rɪdʒɪdlɪ] 牢固的,结实的composite['kɔmpəzit]n. 组合体vessel being pushed 被顶推的船pushing ahead 顶推towing alongside 旁拖dracone['dreikəun] n. 弹性拖曳体aftermost['ɑ:ftəməust] adj.最后的,靠船尾的impracticable[ɪm'præktɪkəbəl] adj. 不能实行的,难对付的illuminate[i'lju:mineit] v. 使照亮,照亮towline['təulain] n. 拖缆RULE25vessel under oar 划桨船upper['ʌpə] adj.较高的, 上部的conjunction [kən'dʒʌŋkʃən]n.连词;结合; 联合torch[tɔ:tʃ] n. 手电筒oar[ɔ:] n.桨propel[prə'pel]vt.推进; 推动conical['kɔnɪkəl] adj.圆锥(形)的apex['eɪpeks] n. 尖端,顶点downward['daunwəd] adj.向下的, 往下的Rule 25[261] A vessel under sail, displaying a black conical shape, pointdown, is regarded as ______.A. Power drivenB. SailingC. Not under commandD. FishingRULE26trawl[trɔ:l]v.(在…)以拖网捕鱼dredge net 拖网apparatus[,æpə'reitəs]n.器具cone[kəun]n.圆锥体make way through the water对水移动outlying gear 外伸渔具RULE27-31obstruction[əb'strʌkʃən, ɔb-]n. 障碍物replica['replɪkə] 复制品rigid replica 硬质复制品Iternational Code Fag 国际信号旗diving['daɪvɪŋ] n. 潜水distress[dis'tres] n. 遇险pilotage[‘pailətidʒ] 名词n.领港anchored vessel 锚泊船vessel aground 搁浅船all-round ['ɔ:l'raʊnd] adj. 环形的sub-paragraph (法)项,款,目impracticable [ɪm'præktɪkəbəl]adj.不可能的Rule27[239] A vessel engaged in minesweeping on the high seas carries which of the following day signals ?A. Two green balls in a vertical lineB. Two black balls in a vertical lineC. A black ball at the fore truck and yardarm endsD. A shape of two cones point to point[244] A vessel is approaching from dead ahead. Both of her sidelights are visible and her range lights are in line. Which of the following could you do first? ______.A. Sound one blast of the whistle.B. Alter course to starboard.C. Construct a radar plot.D. Sound the danger signal.Rule 27[253] A vessel not under command shall display ______.A. two red lights at night and two black balls during daylightB. two red lights at night and three black balls during daylightC. three red lights at night and two black balls during daylightD. three red lights at night and three black balls during daylight Rule 27 [254] A vessel not under command sounds the same fog signal as a vessel ______.A. engaged in towingB. constrained by her draftC. under sailD. All of the aboveRule 27 [255] A vessel on the high seas that is not under command shalldisplay which of the following day signals? ______A. Two black ballsB. Three black ballsC. Two red ballsD. Three red ballsRule 29[472] Concerning the identification signal for a pilot vessel, in fog, which statement is TRUE?___A. When at anchor, the pilot vessel is only required to sound anchor signals.B. The identification signal must be sounded any time the pilot vessel is underway.C. The pilot vessel may only sound the identity signal when making way.D. All of the abovePART D. SOUND AND LIGHT SIGNALS(声响和灯光信号) RULE32short blast [blɑ:st] n.短声prolonged blast [prə'lɔŋd] n.长声duration [djuə'reiʃən]n.持续, 持续的时间, 期间bell[bel]n.号钟gong[gɔ:ŋ, gɔŋ]n.锣whistle['hwisl]n.号笛specification in annex [,spes ifi'keiʃən] [ə'neks] 附录说明oblige [ə'blaidʒ] v. 迫使做RULE34propulsion [prə'pʌlʃən] n. 推进器supplement ['sʌpliment] v. 补充,增补,追加n. 补充whilst [wailst] 同while,当…时候flash [flæʃ] v. 闪光n. 闪光,闪光灯duration [djuə'reiʃən] n. 持续时间interval ['intəvəl] n. 间隔successive [sək'sesiv] adj. 持续的,连续的visible ['vizəbl] adj. 可视的,可见的the provisions of Annex I to these Regulationcompliance [kəm'plaɪəns] n.遵从,遵守sufficient [sə'fiʃənt] adj. 足够的,充分的rapid ['ræpid] adj. 急促的,迅速的obscure [əb'skjuə] v. 遮蔽intervening obstructionRule 34[659] If you hear more than six short blasts and one long blast of the whistle supplemented by the same signal on the general alarm, you should ______.A. start the fire pumpB. go to your man overboard stationC. go to your lifeboat stationD. stand by for collisionRule 34[675] In a crossing situation on international waters, a short blast by the give-way vessel indicatesthat the vessel ______.A. is holding course and speedB. is turning to starboardC. intends to pass port to portD. will keep out of the way of the stand-on vessel Rule 35restricted visibility 能见度不良namely ['neimli] adv. 也就是,即if manned 如果配备人员的话rigidly [‘rɪdʒɪdlɪ] adv. 坚固的,严格的obliged [ə'blaidʒd] adj. 必须的,有责任的above-mentioned [əˈbʌvˈmenʃənd] adj. 以上所提到的indentity signal呼号Rule 35 [377] Approaching a anchorage in fog, you hear one short, one prolonged, and one short blast in that seque nce on a ship’s whistle. This indicates ______.A. A vessel towed.B. A vessel not under command and unable to maneuver.C. A vessel anchored giving warning of her position.D. A vessel stopped dead in the water.Rule 35 [635] If practical, when shall a manned vessel being towed sound her fog signal?______.A. Immediatelly before the towing vessel sounds hersB. Immediately after the towing vessel sounds hers.C. As close to the mid-cycle of the towing vessel’s signals as possibleD. At any time as long as the interval is correctRULE 36authorized ['ɔ:θəraiz] adj. 批准的,经授权的intermittent [,ɪntə'mitənt] adj. 周期性的,断断续续的revolve [ri'vɔlv] v. 旋转n. 旋转strobe light 高强闪光灯RULE 37in distress [dis'tres] 在遇险情况下ANNEX IVexhibit [iɡ'zibit] v. 展示,显示explosive [iks'pləusiv] adj. 爆炸的,爆发的fog-signaling apparatus [,æpə'reitəs] 雾号器具radiotelegraph ['reidiəu] ['telɪ,græf] 无线电报morse code [mɔ:s] [kəud] 莫尔斯码resemble [ri'zembl] v. 类似,像parachute ['pærəʃu:t] n. 降落伞give off 散发,释放outstretch[aut'stretʃ] v. 伸展,拉长,伸出beacon ['bi:kən] n. 信标,灯标,航标,灯塔transponder [træns'pɔndə] n. 应答器relevant ['reləvənt] adj. 有关的,相关的Rescue Manual ['reskju:] ['mænjuəl] 救助手册canvas ['kænvəs] n. 帆布,船帆dye marker 染色标记Rule 3+Rule 18[1175] The Rules state that a seaplane shall ______.A.not be regarded as a vesselB. in general, keep well clear of all vesselsC. proceed at a slower speed than surrounding vesselsD. when making way, show the lights for a vessel not under command Annex4 [473] Continuous sounding of a fog whistle by a vessel is a signal ______.A. that the vessel is anchoredB. to request the draw span of a bridge to be openedC. of distressD. that the vessel is broken down and drifting[397] At sea you sight two red lights. This would indicate ______.A. A vessel engaged in laying cableB. A vessel not under commandC. A vessel launching and recovering aircraftD. All of the above。
1972 年国际海上避碰规则INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS FORPREVENTING COLLISIONS AT SEA,1972(第1- 19条)第一章总则Part A – General第一条Rule 1适用范围Application1 本规则条款适用于公海和连接于公海而可供海船航行的一切水域中的一切船舶。
(a)These Rules shall apply to all vessels upon the high seas and in all waters connected therewith navigable by seagoing vessels.2本规则条款不妨碍有关主管机关为连接于公海而可供海船航行的任何港外锚地、江河、湖泊或内陆水道所制订的特殊规定的实施。
这种特殊规定,应尽可能符合本规则条款。
(b)Nothing in these Rules shall interfere in the operation of special rules madeby an appropriate authority for roadsteads, harbors, rivers, lakes or inland waterways connected with the high seas and navigable by seagoing vessels. Such special rules shall conform as closely as possible to these Rules.3.本规则条款不妨碍各国政府为军舰及护航下的船舶所制定的关于额外的队形灯、信号灯、号型或笛号,或者为结队从事捕鱼的渔船所制定的关于额外的队形灯、信号灯或号型的任何特殊规定的实施。
这些额外的队形灯、信号灯、号型或笛号,应尽可能不致被误认为本规则其他条文所规定的任何号灯、号型或信号。
一、引言
二、内容
1、法律框架
1972年国际海上避碰规则规定了船舶驾驶者所需遵守的一系列法律,旨在确保船舶在航行过程中所遵守的一致准则。
根据该规则,船舶应遵守
联合国海洋法公约(UNCLOS)的规定,并依照该公约的约定维护航行的安
全和秩序。
2、船舶警示
根据1972年国际海上避碰规则,船舶应采取合理的措施以及驾驶员
应有效地观察和理解周围环境以及船只的状况,如果船舶能够及时发出警
示信号,有利于按照国际条约,船舶减小造成事故的可能性。
3、国际货物海运
1972年国际海上避碰规则规定,在国际货物海运中,船舶应该及时
报告所有紧急情况及危害其他船舶的信息,并及时给予另一艘船舶安全警告,防止发生撞船事故。
船舶在海上作业期间,还应保持良好的沟通交流,及时发出和接收有关海域及船只信息,作出积极的措施,以确保海上安全。
4、避让非电子通信的船舶。