熊海虹主编《高等学校研究生英语综合教程上》1-10单元原文+翻译(个人整理方便学习)

上册Unit OneTRAITS OF THE KEY PLAYERS David G. Jensen核心员工的特征大卫·G．詹森1 What exactly is a key player? A "Key Player" is a phrase that I've heard about from employers during just about every search I've conducted. I asked a client - a hiring manager involved in a recent search - to define it for me. "Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done. On my team of seven process engineer and biologists, I've got two or three whom I just couldn't live without," he said. "Key players are essential to my organization. And when we hire your company to recruit for us, we expect that you'll be going into other companies and finding just that: the staff that another manager will not want to see leave. We recruit only key players." 1核心员工究竟是什么样子的?几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。

研究生英语综合教程(上)课文翻译研究生英语综合教程(上)课文翻译在《研究生英语综合教程(上)》中，我们学习了许多有关英语的重要知识和技巧。

本课文将对其中一篇文章进行翻译，以帮助读者更好地理解和掌握英语。

标题：Understanding the Importance of Effective Communication in Business在商业领域，有效沟通的重要性不言而喻。

它是公司内部和公司之间顺利运作的关键。

只有通过清晰、准确的沟通，企业才能建立良好的工作环境，避免误解和冲突，提高工作效率。

首先，有效沟通有助于建立和维护良好的团队合作。

在一个团队中，成员之间需要相互协调、密切合作，才能共同完成任务。

如果沟通不畅或存在误解，团队成员之间会出现分歧和摩擦，导致项目延误或失败。

因此，在商业环境中，有能力以明确、及时的方式与团队成员进行沟通，是非常重要的。

其次，有效沟通有助于建立信任和良好的领导关系。

在一个组织中，领导者需要与下属建立稳固的信任基础，以便有效地领导团队。

通过有效的沟通，领导者能够确保他们的意图和要求被清楚地传达给下属，同时也能够聆听下属的观点和反馈。

这种开放和透明的沟通方式有助于建立积极的工作环境，从而提高员工的工作动力和满意度。

有效沟通还是处理客户关系的关键。

好的客户关系是公司成功的关键因素之一。

通过与客户进行真实、准确的沟通，企业能够更好地了解客户的需求和期望，并及时解决问题和提供支持。

通过与客户建立的有效沟通，企业能够树立良好的企业形象，树立信任感，并获得客户的长期支持。

总之，理解和掌握有效沟通在商业环境中的重要性至关重要。

无论是在团队合作、领导关系还是客户关系中，只有通过清晰、准确的沟通才能实现良好的合作，避免冲突和误解，并取得成功。

因此，我们应该不断提高自己的沟通技巧，以应对不同的商业场景，并为自己的职业生涯发展打下坚实的基础。

以上就是对《研究生英语综合教程(上)》中的一篇课文的翻译。

《研究生英语综合教程上》1-6单元练习参考答案Unit One Planning Your Future CareerReading Focus Traits of the Key PlayersText ExplorationTask 2 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. BVocabulary in ActionTask 1 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. A 12. B Task 2 1. public (c) 2. discipline (b)3. strength (a)4. reference (a)5. strength (d)6. public (a)7. demonstrated (b) 8. discipline (c)9. reference (c) 10. personality (a)11. disciplining (d) 12. demonstrates (a)13. public (d) 14. reference (b)15. personality (c)Task 3 1. employment 2. paid 3. adjust4. setting5. discouraged6. credit7. cite 8. demonstrate 9. teamwork 10. rulesTranslation PracticeParagraph One“一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，生意始终在进行。

这意味着一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，竞争也同样在进行。

”豪特说，“公司取胜的方法之一，就是要更快到达‘目的地’！这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来，而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。

这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。

Unit 1wyers practice a difficult and demanding profession.They expect to bewell compensated. I n thinking about what that means,it can help to consider the basic question,"why do we work?" Samuel Johnson supplied an obvious answer when he famously observed,"No man but a blockh ead ever wrote,except for money." But I am not being paid to write this article,and instead of la beling myself a blockhead,let me refer to the insight of eminent psychologist Theodor Reik:"W ork and love--these are the basics.Without them there is neurosis."1.律师行业是一种困难而高要求的职业。

他们期望好的回报。

通过思考它的含义,可以帮助考虑那个基本问题,“我们为什么工作?”塞缪尔·约翰逊曾经在他的一个著名的评论中给出一个明确的回答,“除了傻瓜没有人写道,除了钱什么都行。

”但是我没有打算通过写这篇文章赚钱,并不意味这我将自己标签为一个傻子,正如著名心理学家的见解所说“: 工作和爱情都是最基本的。

不需要他们的是神经病”。

2.Why do we work?For money,but also for sanity. We expect and need to be compensated in no nmonetary ways. Noneconomic compensation matters to top-flight lawyers--otherwise,they wo uld have long ago fled to investment banks. Law firms that want to recruit and retain the best (a nd the sanest) must compensate not only in dollars but also in psychic gratification.Accordingly ,managers of elite firms need to think consciously about what lawyers are looking for beyond m oney. Here are some key noneconomic element of compensation.2.我们为什么工作?为了钱,也为了明智。

高等院校研究生英语系列教材综合教程（上）INTEGRATED COURSEUnit 7Unit7Exploring Human Nature H N tStarting outReading FocusReading FocusReading MorePractical TranslationFocused Writing gFinal ProjectStarting outTask 1What distinguishes human beings from otheranimals? Work with your partner to list the behavior animals?Work with your partner to list the behaviorthat is unique to human beings, that is unique toother animals and that they have in common. (P191) other animals and that they have in commonBased on what you’ve listed above, discuss with your partner the differences between human beings and other animals in the differences between human beings and other animals in terms of their nature and instincts. (P191)Reference:Animal instinct is ruled by desires, emotions and needs thatg phave to be fulfilled regardless of the time and place. While human nature, which is also driven by those needs, emotions and desires, is mostly controlled by brain, which is related to logic morals backgrounds religions etc When control is not logic, morals, backgrounds, religions, etc. When control is not present, our nature is basically nothing but animal instinct.Task 2The following viewpoints concerning human nature were contended by three prominent philosophers in ancienty p p pChina. Who do you agree with? Do you agree completely or partly? Give specific examples to support p y p y p p pp your opinion.(P191)C f i Confucius:humans (or at least male humans) possessthe capacity for perfection, although they must consciously strive to actualize it.Mencius:human nature is good, and people are naturally g ,p p yinclined toward virtue. Unfortunately, the negative elements of society tend to corrupt many people, and only a few are able to overcome them.Laozi:humans at birth are like uncarved blocks of wood(pu ) and as they get older, society molds and shapes them. Education brutalizes people and creates the seeds of social turmoil and negative behavior.turmoil and negative behavior.Task 3Read the following story about Jimmy and discuss with R d h f ll i b Ji d di i h your partner the questions that follow the story.(P192) Questions for discussion:1. What made Jimmy become a thief before his arrest? 1What made Jimmy become a thief before his arrest?2. Was it his destiny, his nature, his life experience,living environment or something else that shaped his li i i t thi l th t h d hi behavior?Sad MoviesListen to “Sad Movies”, a song which tells a sentimental story, and do the following tasks:1. Complete the lyrics by filling in the blanks withmissing words;missing words;2. Describe the characters of “I”, “my darling” and“my best friend”;my best friend;3. Tell which of these characters are universal tohuman beings, or in other words, are in the naturehuman beings or in other words are in the natureof all human beings.Sad MoviesSad movies always make me cryHe said he had to work so I went to the ______ alone showThey turned down the _____ and turned the projector on And just as the news of the world started to begin lightsI saw my darling and my best friend _____ in _______ I was sitting there they didn't see walk ThoughAnd so they sat right down in front of meWhen he kissed her lips I almost _____died And in the middle of the color ______ I started to cryOh-oh-oh sa-a-a-d movies always make me cry cartoonOh-oh-oh sa-a-a-d movies always make me cryStarting outAnd so I ___ up and slowly walked on home got And mama saw the ____ and said, What's wrong?And so to keep from telling her a ____tears lieI just said sa-a-a-d movies make me cry Oh-oh-oh sa-a-a-d movies always make me cryOh-oh-oh sa-a-a-d movies always make me cry Ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, oohOoh, ooh, ooh, oohSa-a-a-d movies make me cryOn Human Nature On Human NatureBackground Information 1Global Understanding g g 2Detailed Information Detailed Information 3Critical Thinking Critical Thinking 4Language Points Language Points 5Vocabulary in Action Vocabulary in Action 6Watch a video clip from the American hit TV drama series Prison Break, and discuss with the group:,g pMichael Scofield said at the end of the clip: “The man you’re talking about died the moment I stepped into these walls.”Do you think Sara, the prison doctor, would take his word for it?123Introduction Body Conclusion (Para. 1)(Paras. 2-9)(Para. 10)IntroductionHumannatureisthe basisof character,the ____________________________________________________________________________________________Human nature is the basis of character, thetemperament and disposition; it is that indestructibleupon which the character is built,and whose____________________________________________________________________________________________matrix upon which the character is built, and whose shape it must take and keep throughout life.Reading Focus –Global Understanding ______________ of human nature Body Characteristics ________________________________________________________________________________________________A. The basic nature of human beings does not and cannot change.B. No one wishes his nature to change.________________________________________________________________________________________________C. Human nature is ever true to itself, not to systems of faith or education.D. The constancy of human nature is proverbial.E H t b t di d t ll d d di t d ________________________________________________________________________________________________E. Human nature can be studied, controlled and directed.F. Man ’s spirit is perfect, only the personality and the physical body ________________________________________________________________________________________________G. Man ’s majesty and nobility are taken for granted. Only behaviors become imperfect.________________________________________________H. Man ’s inherent goodness is revealed by his countless acts of deviated from the normal attract attention.g yheroism, unselfishness and sacrifice.Reading Focus –Global Understanding ConclusionHuman naturedoesnotandcannot change;we can ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________only endeavor to understand man as he is.Human nature does not and cannot change; we canTask 2Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the sentence from the text of the sentence from the text.(P198)Key:1 2 34 5 68A D C B A6 78 C DBReading FocusCritical ThinkingStep OneThe following are two sentences from the text (P200): 1. The constancy of human nature is proverbial, as no one believes that a man can fundamentally change his nature.2. A study of history reveals that the people who walked this earth in antiquity were moved by the same fundamental forces, were swayed by the same passions, and had the same aspirations as the men and women of today.the men and women of todayInterpret the sentences in your own words and tellyour partner whether you agree with the author or not.p p pp y pGive specific examples to support your opinions.Step TwoDiscuss in groups the following questions(P200): Discuss in groups the following questions1. As far as schools are concerned, what do you think they cando to make human nature closer to perfection?2. According to the author, we can try to understand humant H d thi k d thi?nature. How do you think we can do this?1. Each man sees himself as unique, and so far as he is concerned the hub of the universe, different from any other individual.(Para. 3)In this sentence, the stem part is “each man sees himself as unique and the hub of the universe.as unique and the hub of the universe”so/as far as sb. be concerned: in the opinion of sb.e.g.As far as Americans are concerned1)_______________________________(在美国人眼里), a lot ofour hotels are below average.2)______________________(在我看来), you can forget about it.As far as I’m concernedas far as sth. be concerned or where sth. is concerned: under the circumstances that concern sth.e.g.1) As far as traffic is concerned, there are no delaysat the moment.2) Where work is concerned, I always try to do my best.翻译：每个人都把自己看成是独特个体，而且，就他而言他就是宇宙的中心有别于其他任何人而言，他就是宇宙的中心，有别于其他任何人。

大学研究生英文系列教程综合英语上册课文原文及翻译课文一：HelloHello, everyone! Today, I'm going to introduce myself. My name is Sarah Smith. I am from London, England. I am 25 years old. I am a graduate student majoring in English literature. I am very interested in reading books and writing poems. In my free time, I enjoy playing the piano and traveling to different countries. I am looking forward to getting to know all of you and studying together.你好，大家！今天我要介绍一下我自己。

我的名字是Sarah Smith。

我来自英国伦敦。

我今年25岁。

我是一名英语文学专业的研究生。

我对阅读书籍和写诗非常感兴趣。

在空闲时间，我喜欢弹钢琴和去不同的国家旅行。

我期待着与大家相互认识和一起研究。

课文二：My Hobbies我叫Mark Johnson。

我是一名计算机科学专业的研究生。

除了学术研究，我有很多爱好。

其中一个爱好是打篮球。

我参加了大学篮球队，我们经常与其他大学进行比赛。

我还有一个爱好是弹吉他。

我已经弹吉他五年了。

我觉得这个爱好非常放松和享受。

另外，我也对摄影很感兴趣。

我喜欢用相机捕捉美丽的瞬间。

这些爱好让我忙碌起来，帮助我缓解学业压力。

课文三：My FamilyHello, everyone! Let me tell you about my family. I have a small family. There are four members in my family. My parents, my younger brother, and me. My father is a doctor and my mother is a teacher. They are both very loving and caring. My younger brother is in high school and he is very smart. We all live together in a small house. We always support and help each other. I am very grateful to have such a loving family.大家好！让我告诉你们关于我的家庭。

Unit 2 READING MORE"Light, refined, learned and noble, harmonious and orderly, clear and logical, the cookingof France is, in some strange manner, intimately linked to the genius of her greatest men."--Marcel Rouff, French journalist and writerA CUISINE CRISIS1 What could be more French than an outdoor market on a sunny Sunday morning? Theair is filled with vital scents from the herbs and fruits and vegetables piled high in thegreengrocers' creative geometrics. A whiff of the Atlantic blows off the oysters on thefishmongers' bed of ice. Wild game--hare, venison, boar--hangs from the butchers'racks, sausages and cheeses are laid out to savor and smell.有什么比晴朗的星期日早晨的一个户外市场更具法国特色？空气中弥漫着香草和水果散发出的气味，而且这些水果被水果商摆成各种有创意的图形。

鱼贩的冰床上的牡蛎透露着一点点大西洋的痕迹。

在肉贩的货架上挂出了一些野味：野兔、鹿肉和野猪，而一些香肠和奶酪的摆出使这个小摊更具一番风味。

熊海虹主编《高等学校研究生英语综合教程-上》Unit7-Unit10课文翻译及课后练习答案Unit SevenON HUMAN NATURE Frank and Lydia Hammer 我对人类的了解越多，对他们的期望就越低。

和以前相比，我现在常常以较宽松的标准把一个人叫做好人。

——塞缪尔·约翰逊博士论人性弗兰克，莉迪亚·汉默尔1 Human nature is the basis of character, the temperament and disposition; it is that indestructible matrix upon which the character is built, and whose shape it must take and keep throughout life. This we call a person's nature.1人性是性格、气质和性情的基础，性格正是基于这种牢不可破的基质之上的，它必须以这种基质的形式存在，并将它保留终生，这种基质，我们称之为一个人的本性。

2 The basic nature of human beings does not and cannot change. It is only the surfacethat is capable of alteration, improvement and refinement; we can alter only people's customs, manners, dress and habits. A study of history reveals that the people who walked thisearth in antiquity were moved by the same fundamental forces, were swayed by the same passions, and had the same aspirations as the men and women of today. The pursuit of happiness still engrosses mankind the world over.2人类的本性不会也不能改变，只有一些表面特征才会变化、改善和进一步提升；我们可以改变人们的风格、举止、衣着和习惯。

熊海虹主编《高等学校研究生英语综合教程-上》Unit7-Unit10课文翻译及课后练习答案汇编Unit SevenON HUMAN NATURE Frank and Lydia Hammer我对人类的了解越多，对他们的期望就越低。

和以前相比，我现在常常以较宽松的标准把一个人叫做好人。

——塞缪尔·约翰逊博士论人性弗兰克，莉迪亚·汉默尔1 Human nature is the basis of character, the temperament and disposition; it is that indestructible matrix upon which the character is built, and whose shape it must take and keep throughout life. This we call a person's nature.1人性是性格、气质和性情的基础，性格正是基于这种牢不可破的基质之上的，它必须以这种基质的形式存在，并将它保留终生，这种基质，我们称之为一个人的本性。

2 The basic nature of human beings does not and cannot change. It is only the surface that is capable of alteration, improvement and refinement; we can alter only people's customs, manners, dress and habits. A study of history reveals that the people who walked thisearth in antiquity were moved by the same fundamental forces, were swayed by the same passions, and had the same aspirations as the men and women of today. The pursuit of happiness still engrosses mankind the world over.2人类的本性不会也不能改变，只有一些表面特征才会变化、改善和进一步提升；我们可以改变人们的风格、举止、衣着和习惯。