河北省八所重点中学2017届高三第二学期第一次联考英语试题
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鄂南高中华师一附中黄冈中学黄石二中荆州中学孝感高中襄阳四中襄阳五中2017届高三第一次联考英语试题时间:120分钟满分:150分命题学校:华师一附中命题人:陈婷陈岚赵守斌卢永平审题人:陈婷第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案划在试卷上。
录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt?A. £19.15B. £9.18C. £9.15答案是C1. What does the man mean?A. There is something wrong with the printer.B. The woman is unable to work the printer.C. There is probably a power failure.2. How are the prices in the restaurant?A. Reasonable.B. High.C. Low.3. What is the man’s problem?A. He has no patience to wait for his wife.B. He can’t see the sign clearly.C. He’s parked in the wrong place.4. What day is it when the conversation takes place?A. Saturday.B. Sunday.C. Monday.5. What will Nancy do?A. Play volleyball.B. Watch a game.C. Find a player.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
河南省八市重点高中2017届高三第二次质量检测历史试题注意事项:1.本试题分第I卷(选择题)第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,共6页2.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试题相应的位置3.全部答案在答题卡上完成,答在本试题上无效4.考试结束后,将本试题和答题卡一并交回第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共50分)一、选择题(本大题共25小题,每小题2分,共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一个是符合题目要求的)1.有位学者在论及三公九卿时说:“论其性质,均近于为王室之家务官,乃皇帝之私臣,而非国家之政务官,非政府正式之官吏”,政府“有几处亦只是一个家庭规模之扩大”。
此材料表明A.三公九卿之间各司其职B.王室与政府管理职责分开C.权力分工结构体现原始色彩D.三公九卿之间互相牵制2.《政治秩序的起源》在描述某一时期时说:“各种故事讲到,贵族当众责备君主,并吐口水,却没受到他的训斥或处罚;拒绝他对珍玩的索求;在他妻妾群中与他一起玩游戏;未获邀请而坐上他的桌子;上门邀请他分享晚餐,却发现他在外射鸟。
”此材料表明A.君主和臣民平等协商国事B.君主尚未实现权力的高度集中C.君主专制下的腐败现象D.君主与贵族矛盾尖锐3.学者阎步克认为:以九品论人,盖源于汉末士林的月且品题之风。
由于名士在汉末的重大影响,在士林舆论中得到好评者,朝廷州郡便争相辟举、唯恐不及。
此材料反映A.民间文化性评价影响政府对官员的行政性评价B.品评官在官员选举中起了决定性作用C.士林舆论在官员选拔中起决定性作用D.民间评价在官员选举中的作用大干政府评价4.《札记》中记载:“地载万物,天垂象,取财于地,取法于天,是以尊天而亲地也,故教民美报焉。
”此材料主要体现A.敬畏神灵B.尊宗敬祖C.以农立国D.经济落后5.下表为古代中国治水事业历史发展及区域分布。
对此表分析正确的是A.汉代治水活动都集中在黄河流域B.魏晋时期南北方经济遭到沉重打击C.隋朝时南北农业基本持平D.唐代东南发展为农业生产的重要区域6.李时珍于明万历六年写成《本草纲目》,其中有“玉蜀黍(玉米)种出西土,种者亦罕”:乾隆二十三年的记载有“玉蜀黍,俗名玉米……此种近时楚中遍艺之”。
安徽省淮南市2017-2018学年八年级英语上学期第一次联考试题第一部分:听力部分(满分15分)一、关键词语选择(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)你将听到5个句子,请在每小题所给的A,B,C三个选项中,选出一个你所听到的单词或短语。
每个句子读2遍。
( ) 1.A. happy B. health C. exercise( ) 2.A. outgoing B. going C. go into( ) 3.A. potatoes B. tomatoes C. photos( ) 4.A. something B. anything C. everything( ) 5.A. usually B. always C. hardly二、短对话理解(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)你将听到5段对话,每段对话后有一个小题,请在每小题所给的A,B,C三个选项中,选出一个最佳选项。
每段对话读2遍。
( ) 6. Gina’s sister is _______ than her.A. much quieterB. much tallerC. more outgoing ( ) 7. Mary’s cousin has______ hair.A. long straightB. long curlyC. short curly ( ) 8. Wang Lee is Wang Fang’s ______.A. new classmateB. pen palC. twin sister ( ) 9. Lucy’s favorite program is ______.A. Animal WorldB. Sports NewsC. Talk Show( )10. Betty often ______.A. plays computer gamesB. watches moviesC. surfs the Internet三、短文理解(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)你将听到1篇短文,短文后有5个小题,请在每小题所给的A,B,C三个选项中,选出一个最佳选项。
命题学校:孝感高中命题教师:杜娟陈盈宇审题教师:郑琦考试时间:2017年7月1日下午2:30――4:30 试卷满分:150分第I卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where is the man’s English book?A。
In the drawer B。
On the desk C. On his bed2. What is the man going to do?A。
Have a drink B. Go to the library C。
Hand in his report3. Where does the conversation probably take place?A。
At a restaurant B. At a hotel 。
C. At home4. What does the woman think of her new jacket?A。
It's cheap B。
It’s nice C。
It’s of thebest quality5。
What happened to the speakers?A。
They couldn’t decide where to goB。
They had a quarrel outside the OdeonC。
There was a misunderstanding about the meeting place第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍。
河南省八市联考2017-2018学年高二上学期第二次学业测评英语试题第I卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分,略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
ALike any college student, Connor Cox was excited when he received a package from home. He assumed it was filled with food and other goodies. He tore open the box and, indeed, found a surprise inside: garbage. It turned out that he‟d left home without taking out the trash as he‟d promised his mother, so she mailed it to him. —Source: A Florida man drove his 24-year-old daughter to a job interview. When she came back to the car with a large amount of cash, he figured she‟d gotten the job and this was her advance (预付钱). Not quite. Unbeknown to the man, he had become his daughter‟s getaway driver in her fifth—and final—bank robbery.—Source: Sun SentinelAn American French with his child made a trip to have the car washed. After he got home in Massachusetts, the six-year-old called 911 to report a crime. The perpetrator (犯罪者) was his father. The criminal act? Dad ran a red light. Even though he was brought to light by his own kid, the father talked his way out of a ticket.—Source: CBS BostonA grandfather labeled his three-month-old grandson a terrorist. A question on the visa waiver (放弃) to get into America asks Britons if they‟ve ever engaged in “robbery, murder, terrorism.” In filling out the form for his grandson, Paul Kenyon carelessly checked yes. After explaining the mess to the American embassy, some Kenyon family members missed their flight to Orlando because they had to wait for the baby‟s visa to arrive in the mail.—Source: Guardian1. What did Connor Cox find when he opened the package?A. Waste things.B. Food and sweets,C. A wooden box.D. Winter clothes.2. What does the underlined part in Paragraph Three probably mean?A. The father got a ticket.B. The father lost his way.C. The father didn‟t get fined.D. The father talked a lot with his son.3. Why did Kenyon family members miss their flight?A. Because they had to wait for the baby‟s visa.B. Because they failed to take visas with them.C. Because the flight was controlled by terrorists.D. Because they wanted to change other flights.4. What do the four stories have in common?A. They all happened in America.B. They all came from the internet.C. They were all surprising and interesting.D. They all happened between parents and children.【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 4. C【解析】这篇文章主要包括四则新闻。
启正中学2016学年第二学期5月份教学质量检测八年级英语试题卷考生须知:1.全卷满分120分,考试时间90分钟。
2.答题前,在答题卡上写上班级、姓名、试场号和座位号。
3.所有答案都应做在答题卡标定的位置上,务必注意试题序号和答题序号相对应。
第Ⅰ卷一、听力(共三节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)听下面5段对话,每段对话后有一小题,从题中所给A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试题相应位置,听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话读一遍。
1.Who had a bad cold?A. David.B. David's grandfather.C. David's grandmother.2.Why was Tony late for school this morning?A.He helped to send an old man to the hospital.B.He helped to clean the dirty street.C.He helped to send his younger sister to school.3.What's wrong with Amy?A. She failed her test yesterday.B. She argued with her sister yesterday.C. She lost her wallet.4.Why can't Tom help to take out the rubbish?A. He is doing homework.B. He is playing computer games.C. He is washing the dishes.5.What was Linda doing at 7:00 yesterday evening?A. She was taking a shower.B. She was watching TV.C. She was having a piano class. 第二节(共10小题,每小题2分,满分20分)听下面2段对话和1段独白。
2019-2019学年下学期八年级3月月测英语试题笔试部分(满分100分)一、语法选择(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,从1~15各题所给的的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
Last year, my parents took me on a very special holiday.My dream was 1 some real snow, so during the Christmas holiday, we took our passportand 2 over the Pacific to Calgary, Canada. We took 3 bus to a ski resort(旅游胜地) in theCanadian Rockies. As the bus climbed 4 the mountains, we saw the thick snow on the trees. At last, we reached the resort and quickly jumped out of the bus.This was our 5 experience with snow. We were like little children--we made snowballs, and threw them at one another! Then we checked in at the hotel. We could not wait to get out and ski.The next day, we 6 our ski suits and gloves, took our skis and went outside onto the snow. 7 skis for the first time made me _8 strange. Suddenly I found myself unable to walk! Then we had a skiing lesson with a young couple. Our instructor showed us some basic skills. To be honest, that first lesson was not a great 9 . I kept on falling over, and I had to hold on to a rope to keep my balance.However, the next day, I only fell over 10 times, and I managed to do a few rapid runs. I felt pleased with 11 ,and my instructor told me I was doing 12 .Although it wasvery cold, I spent most of my holiday 13 .I had a wonderful time.It was all over too soon.It was a pity, 14 we had to leave. I wish my parents would take me back for 15 wonderful skiing holiday next year1.A. see B.saw C.seeing D .to see2.A.fly B.flown C.flew D.flying3.A.a B.an C.the D./4.A.over B.through C.across D.cross5.A.one B.the one C.first D.the first6.A.put away B.put on C.put up D.put off7.A.Wear B.To wear C.Wearing D.Wore8.A.feel B.felt C.to feel D.feeling9.A.succeed B.successful C.successfully D.success10.A.little B.a little C.few D.a few11.A.ourselves B.myself D.me12.A.much better B.more better C.good D.more good13.A.to ski B.skied C.ski D.skiing14.A.and B.or C.but D.so15.A.other B.the other C.others D.another二、完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,掌握握其大意,然后从16-25各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
人教A 版数学高二弧度制精选试卷练习(含答案)学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________一、单选题1.已知扇形的周长是5cm ,面积是322cm ,则扇形的中心角的弧度数是( ) A .3B .43C .433或 D .2【来源】江西省九江第一中学2016-2017学年高一下学期期中考试数学(文)试题 【答案】C2.已知扇形的周长为8cm ,圆心角为2,则扇形的面积为( ) A .1B .2C .4D .5【来源】四川省双流中学2017-2018学年高一1月月考数学试题 【答案】C3.《掷铁饼者》 取材于希腊的现实生活中的体育竞技活动,刻画的是一名强健的男子在掷铁饼过程中最具有表现力的瞬间.现在把掷铁饼者张开的双臂近似看成一张拉满弦的“弓”,掷铁饼者的手臂长约为4π米,肩宽约为8π米,“弓”所在圆的半径约为1.25米,你估测一下掷铁饼者双手之间的距离约为( )1.732≈≈)A .1.012米B .1.768米C .2.043米D .2.945米【来源】安徽省五校(怀远一中、蒙城一中、淮南一中、颍上一中、淮南一中、涡阳一中)2019-2020学年高三联考数学(理)试题 【答案】B4.已知扇形的周长为4,圆心角所对的弧长为2,则这个扇形的面积是( ) A .2B .1C .sin 2D .sin1【来源】福建省泉州市南安侨光中学2019-2020学年高一上学期第二次阶段考试数学试题 【答案】B5.已知α是第三象限角,且cos cos22αα=-,则2α是( ) A .第一象限角B .第二象限角C .第三象限角D .第四象限角【来源】2012人教A 版高中数学必修四1.2任意角的三角函数练习题 【答案】B6.如图,2弧度的圆心角所对的弦长为2,这个圆心角所对应的扇形面积是( )A .1sin1B .21sin 1C .21cos 1D .tan1【来源】广西河池市高级中学2017-2018学年高一下学期第二次月考数学试题 【答案】B7.半径为10cm ,面积为2100cm 的扇形中,弧所对的圆心角为( ) A .2 radB .2︒C .2π radD .10 rad【来源】第一章滚动习题(一) 【答案】A8.若一扇形的圆心角为72︒,半径为20cm ,则扇形的面积为( ). A .240πcmB .280πcmC .240cmD .280cm【来源】陕西省西安市长安区第一中学2016-2017学年高一下学期第一次月考数学试题 【答案】D9.如图,把八个等圆按相邻两两外切摆放,其圆心连线构成一个正八边形,设正八边形内侧八个扇形(无阴影部分)面积之和为1S ,正八边形外侧八个扇形(阴影部分)面积之和为2S ,则12S S =( )A .34B .35C .23D .1【来源】广西省南宁市马山县金伦中学、武鸣县华侨中学等四校2017-2018学年高一10月月考数学试题. 【答案】B10.在-360°到0°内与角1250°终边相同的角是( ) . A .170° B .190° C .-190°D .-170°【来源】2012人教A 版高中数学必修四1.1任意角和弧度制练习题(一)(带解析) 【答案】C11.下列各角中,终边相同的角是 ( ) A .23π和240o B .5π-和314oC .79π-和299π D .3和3o【来源】新疆伊西哈拉镇中学2018-2019学年高一上学期第二次月考数学试题 【答案】C12.已知2弧度的圆心角所对的弧长为2,则这个圆心角所对的弦长是( ) A .sin 2B .2sin 2C .sin1D .2sin1【来源】广东省东莞市2018-2019学年高一第二学期期末教学质量检查数学试题 【答案】D13,弧长是半径的3π倍,则扇形的面积等于( ) A .223cm πB .26cm πC .243cm πD .23cm π【来源】河北省隆华存瑞中学(存瑞部)2018-2019学年高一上学期第二次数学试题 【答案】D14.如图所示,用两种方案将一块顶角为120︒,腰长为2的等腰三角形钢板OAB 裁剪成扇形,设方案一、二扇形的面积分别为12S , S ,周长分别为12,l l ,则( )A .12S S =,12l l >B .12S S =,12l l <C .12S S >,12l l =D .12S S <,12l l =【来源】浙江省省丽水市2018-2019学年高一下学期期末数学试题 【答案】A15.已知sin sin αβ>,那么下列命题成立的是( ) A .若,αβ是第一象限角,则cos cos αβ> B .若,αβ是第二象限角,则tan tan αβ> C .若,αβ是第三象限角,则cos cos αβ> D .若,αβ是第四象限角,则tan tan αβ>【来源】正定中学2010高三下学期第一次考试(数学文) 【答案】D16.半径为1cm ,中心角为150°的角所对的弧长为( )cm . A .23B .23π C .56D .56π 【来源】宁夏石嘴山市第三中学2018-2019学年高一5月月考数学试题 【答案】D 17.设5sin 7a π=,2cos 7b π=,2tan 7c π=,则( ) A .a b c <<B .a c b <<C .b c a <<D .b a c <<【来源】2008年高考天津卷文科数学试题 【答案】D18.扇形的中心角为120o )A .πB .45πC D 2【来源】辽宁省大连市第八中学2016-2017学年高一下学期期中考试数学试题【答案】A19.若扇形的周长为8,圆心角为2rad ,则该扇形的面积为( ) A .2B .4C .8D .16【来源】河南省洛阳市2018-2019学年高一下学期期中考试数学试卷 【答案】B20.-300° 化为弧度是( ) A .-43πB .-53πC .-54πD .-76π【来源】2014-2015学年山东省宁阳四中高一下学期期中学分认定考试数学试卷(带解析) 【答案】B21.一个扇形的面积为3π,弧长为2π,则这个扇形的圆心角为( ) A .3π B .4π C .6π D .23π 【来源】湖北省荆门市2017-2018学年高一(上)期末数学试题 【答案】D22.《九章算术》是中国古代第一部数学专著,成于公元一世纪左右,系统总结了战国、秦、汉时期的数学成就.其中《方田》一章中记载了计算弧田(弧田就是由圆弧和其所对弦所围成弓形)的面积所用的经验公式:弧田面积=12(弦×矢+矢×矢),公式中“弦”指圆弧所对弦长,“矢”等于半径长与圆心到弦的距离之差.按照上述经验公式计算所得弧田面积与其实际面积之间存在误差.现有圆心角为23π,弦长为的弧田.其实际面积与按照上述经验公式计算出弧田的面积之间的误差为( )平方米.(其中3π≈,1.73≈)A .15B .16C .17D .18【来源】湖北省2018届高三5月冲刺数学(理)试题 【答案】B23.下列各式不正确的是( ) A .-210°=76π-B .405°=49πC .335°=2312πD .705°=4712π【来源】河南信阳市息县第一高级中学、第二高级中学、息县高中2018-2019学年高一下学期期中联考数学(文)试题 【答案】C24.下列函数中,最小正周期为π2的是( )A .y =sin (2x −π3)B .y =tan (2x −π3)C .y =cos (2x +π6) D .y =tan (4x +π6)【来源】20102011年山西省汾阳中学高一3月月考数学试卷 【答案】B25.已知扇形的周长为12cm ,圆心角为4rad ,则此扇形的弧长为 ( ) A .4cmB .6cmC .8cmD .10cm【来源】江西省玉山县一中2018-2019学年高一(重点班)下学期第一次月考数学(理)试卷 【答案】C二、填空题26.已知扇形的圆心角18πα=,扇形的面积为π,则该扇形的弧长的值是______.【来源】上海市黄浦区2018-2019学年高一下学期期末数学试题 【答案】3π 27.若一个圆锥的侧面展开图是面积为2π的半圆面,则该圆锥的底面半径为_______ . 【来源】上海市浦东新区川沙中学2018-2019学年高二下学期期末数学试题 【答案】128.一个扇形的弧长与面积的数值都是5,则这个扇形中心角的弧度数为__________. 【来源】河南省灵宝市实验高中2017-2018学年高一下学期第一次月考考数学试题 【答案】5229.已知圆锥的侧面展开图是一个扇形,若此扇形的圆心角为65π、面积为15π,则该圆锥的体积为________.【来源】上海市杨浦区2019-2020学年高三上学期期中质量调研数学试题 【答案】12π30.圆O 的半径为1,P 为圆周上一点,现将如图放置的边长为1的正方形(实线所示 ,正方形的顶点A 和点P 重合)沿着圆周顺时针滚动,经过若干次滚动,点A 第一次回到点P 的位置,则点A 走过的路径的长度为 .【来源】2015届山东省日照市高三3月模拟考试理科数学试卷(带解析)31.已知扇形的圆心角为1弧度,扇形半径为2,则此扇形的面积为______. 【来源】上海市复兴高级中学2018-2019学年高一下学期3月份质量检测数学试题 【答案】232.一个球夹在120°的二面角内,且与二面角的两个面都相切,两切点在球面上的最短距离为π,则这个球的半径为_______ .【来源】上海市七宝中学2017-2018学年高二下学期期中数学试题 【答案】333.用半径为,面积为cm 2的扇形铁皮制作一个无盖的圆锥形容器(衔接部分忽略不计), 则该容器盛满水时的体积是 .【来源】2012届江苏省泗阳中学高三上学期第一次调研考试数学试卷(实验班) 【答案】31000cm 3π34.《九章算术》是体现我国古代数学成就的杰出著作,其中(方田)章给出的计算弧田面积的经验公式为:弧田面积12=(弦⨯矢+矢2),弧田(如图阴影部分)由圆弧及其所对的弦围成,公式中“弦”指圆弧所对弦的长,“矢”等于半径长与圆心到弦的距离之差,现有弧长为43π米,半径等于2米的弧田,则弧所对的弦AB 的长是_____米,按照上述经验公式计算得到的弧田面积是___________平方米.【来源】山东省济南市2018-2019学年高一下学期期末学习质量评估数学试题【答案】1235.设扇形的半径长为2cm ,面积为24cm ,则扇形的圆心角的弧度数是 【来源】2013-2014学年山东济南商河弘德中学高一下学期第二次月考数学试卷(带解析) 【答案】236.已知一个圆锥的展开图如图所示,其中扇形的圆心角为120o ,弧长为2π,底面圆的半径为1,则该圆锥的体积为__________.【来源】2018年春高考数学(文)二轮专题复习训练:专题三 立体几何【答案】337.现用一半径为10cm ,面积为280cm π的扇形铁皮制作一个无盖的圆锥形容器(假定衔接部分及铁皮厚度忽略不计,且无损耗),则该容器的容积为__________3cm . 【来源】江苏省苏州市2018届高三调研测试(三)数学试题 【答案】128π38.已知扇形的周长为6,圆心角为1,则扇形的半径为___;扇形的面积为____. 【来源】浙江省宁波市镇海区镇海中学2018-2019学年高一上学期期中数学试题 【答案】2 2 39.给出下列命题:①第二象限角大于第一象限角;②三角形的内角是第一象限角或第二象限角;③不论用角度制还是用弧度制度量一个角,它们与扇形所在半径的大小无关; ④若sin sin αβ=,则α与β的终边相同;⑤若cos 0θ<,则θ是第二或第三象限的角. 其中正确的命题是______.(填序号)【来源】江苏省南通市启东中学2018-2019学年高二5月月考数学(文)试题 【答案】③40.设扇形的周长为4cm ,面积为21cm ,则扇形的圆心角的弧度数是________. 【来源】广东省中山市第一中学2016-2017学年高一下学期第一次段考(3月)数学(理)试题 【答案】2三、解答题41.已知扇形AOB 的周长为8.(1)若这个扇形的面积为3,求其圆心角的大小.(2)求该扇形的面积取得最大时,圆心角的大小和弦长AB .【来源】2015-2016学年四川省雅安市天全中学高一11月月考数学试卷(带解析) 【答案】(1)或;(2);.42.已知一扇形的中心角是120︒,所在圆的半径是10cm ,求: (1)扇形的弧长; (2)该弧所在的弓形的面积【来源】福建省福州市平潭县新世纪学校2019-2020学年高一上学期第二次月考数学试题【答案】(1)203π;(2)1003π-43.某公司拟设计一个扇环形状的花坛(如图所示),该扇环是由以点O 为圆心的两个同心圆弧和延长后通过点AD 的两条线段围成.设圆弧AB 、CD 所在圆的半径分别为()f x 、R 米,圆心角为θ(弧度).(1)若3πθ=,13r =,26=r ,求花坛的面积;(2)设计时需要考虑花坛边缘(实线部分)的装饰问题,已知直线部分的装饰费用为60元/米,弧线部分的装饰费用为90元/米,预算费用总计1200元,问线段AD 的长度为多少时,花坛的面积最大?【来源】江苏省泰州市泰州中学2019~2020学年高一上学期期中数学试题 【答案】(1)292m π(2)当线段AD 的长为5米时,花坛的面积最大44.已知一个扇形的周长为30厘米,求扇形面积S 的最大值,并求此时扇形的半径和圆心角的弧度数.【来源】上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2018-2019学年高一上学期期末数学试题 【答案】()2rad α= 152r =45.如图所示为圆柱形大型储油罐固定在U 型槽上的横截面图,已知图中ABCD 为等腰梯形(AB ∥DC ),支点A 与B 相距8m ,罐底最低点到地面CD 距离为1m ,设油罐横截面圆心为O ,半径为5m ,56D ∠=︒,求:U 型槽的横截面(阴影部分)的面积.(参考数据:sin530.8︒≈,tan56 1.5︒≈,3π≈,结果保留整数)【来源】上海市闵行区七宝中学2019-2020学年高一上学期9月月考数学试题 【答案】202m46.明朝数学家程大位在他的著作《算法统宗》中写了一首计算秋千绳索长度的词《西江月》:“平地秋千未起,踏板一尺离地,送行二步恰竿齐,五尺板高离地…”某教师根据这首词的思想设计如下图形,已知CE l ⊥,DF l ⊥,CB CD =,AD BC ⊥,5DF =,2BE =,AD =则在扇形BCD 中随机取一点求此点取自阴影部分的概率.【来源】山西省阳泉市2018-2019学年高一第一学期期末考试试题数学试题【答案】1)4(P A π=-47.某企业欲做一个介绍企业发展史的铭牌,铭牌的截面形状是如图所示的扇形环面(由试卷第11页,总11页 扇形OAD 挖去扇形OBC 后构成的).已知10, (0<<10)OA=OB =x x ,线段BA 、CD与弧BC 、弧AD 的长度之和为30米,圆心角为θ弧度.(1)求θ关于x 的函数解析式;(2)记铭牌的截面面积为y ,试问x 取何值时,y 的值最大?并求出最大值.【来源】上海市黄浦区2018届高三4月模拟(二模)数学试题【答案】(1)210(010)10x x x θ+=<<+;(2)当52x =米时铭牌的面积最大,且最大面积为2254平方米. 48.已知一扇形的圆心角为()0αα>,所在圆的半径为R .(1)若90,10R cm α==o ,求扇形的弧长及该弧所在的弓形的面积;(2)若扇形的周长是一定值()0C C >,当α为多少弧度时,该扇形有最大面积?【来源】2019高考备考一轮复习精品资料 专题十五 任意角和弧度制及任意角的三角函数 教学案【答案】(1)2550π-;(2)见解析49.已知在半径为10的圆O 中,弦AB 的长为10.(1)求弦AB 所对的圆心角α(0<α<π)的大小;(2)求圆心角α所在的扇形弧长l 及弧所在的弓形的面积S .【来源】(人教A 版必修四)1.1.2弧度制(第一课时)同步练习02【答案】(1)π3(2)10π3;50(π3−√32) 50.已知在半径为6的圆O 中,弦AB 的长为6,(1)求弦AB 所对圆心角α的大小;(2)求α所在的扇形的弧长l 以及扇形的面积S.【来源】江西省玉山县一中2018-2019学年高一(重点班)下学期第一次月考数学(文)试卷【答案】(1)3π ;(2)2l π= ,6S π=。
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第一部分(共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)1.Decades ago, scientists believed that how the brain develops when you are a kid ______ determines your brain structure for the rest of your life.A.sooner or later B.more or less C.to and from D.up and down2.It’s really stupid of you ____ him the news yesterday so that it has been disturbing him all the ti me.A.having told B.telling C.to tell D.to have told3.For all the failure of his business, he remains optimistic and ________ untroubled by his problems.A.hopefully B.seeminglyC.rarely D.frequently4.As a teacher, you have to _____ your method to suit the needs of slower children.A.display B.testC.adjust D.transfer5.— Mary looks hot and dry.— So ________ you if you had a high fever.A.could B.would C.may D.must6.一Which T—shirt do you like best?一.They are both out of fashion and expensive.A.None B.Neither C.Any D.Both7.Wild applause ______when the crowd waiting heard the announcement of the arrival of the pop star at their community.A.made out B.broke out C.let out D.worked out8.A new movie Sacrifice came out last year, Ge You played adoctor saved an orphan at the cost of his own baby.A.in which; who B.when; who C.on which; by whom D.where; whom9.Some schools, including ours, will have to make ________ in agreement with the national soccer reform. A.amusements B.adjustmentsC.appointments D.achievements10.Meizhou Island is such a beautiful place of interest______ everyone likes to visit.A.as B.that C.which D.where11.Visit the old man this afternoon?If you ________,make sure you wear sunscreens to protect your skin.A.must B.canC.may D.shall12.—Why not talk with your parents about your willingness to attend 2017 Peking University Summer Camp?—I tried____ to get them to listen to me.A.in time B.in vainC.in need D.in case13._______ you hear from me to the contrary, expect me on Friday at about 6 pm.A.Unless B.UntilC.While D.Although14.A new airport may be constructed in Nantong, ____ the pace of economic growth will be accelerated.A.in which case B.in that case C.in what case D.in whose case15.Though the story of Li Yunlong in the TV drama “Bright Sword” is a fiction, much of __________happened is historically true.A.that B.what C.which D.it16._____________equal opportunities, both Frank and Billy may accomplish the task.A.Given B.GivingC.To give D.to be given17.Frank studied _____English language in London for four years, so he gets ____ good knowledge of London. A.a; the B./ ; /C./ ; a D.the; a18.--When will you come home for dinner? I’ll prepare it for you.--Don’t ________ it. I’ll eat out with my frien ds.A.care about B.worry about C.bother about D.talk about19.In many homes in the UK, the first person _______ has to make tea for the family.A.waking up B.to wake upC.woke up D.woken up20.The teacher came into the classroom _______ by his students.A.following B.to be following C.followed D.having followed.第二部分阅读理解(满分40分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
2017年河北省八所重点中学高考一模数学一、选择题1.设集合,,则下列结论中正确的是( )A.A=BB.A ⊂BC.B ⊂AD.A ∩B={x|x ≥1}解析:由题意,[0,+∞)∴集合A=[0,+∞)x 2-1≥0,解得:x ≥1或x ≤-1,故得A ∩B={x|x ≥1}.答案:D2.已知等比数列{a n }的公比为12-,则135246a a a a a a ++++的值是( )A.-2B.12- C.12D.2解析:∵等比数列{a n }的公比为12-, 则()1351352461352a a a a a a a a a q a a a ++++===-++++.答案:A.3.某几何体的三视图如图所示,则该几何体的表面积是( )解析:由已知中的三视图,可知该几何体是一个以俯视图为底面的三棱柱,底面面积412S =⨯⨯=,且底面为边长为4的等边三角形, 故底面周长为12,高为4,故侧面面积为:12×4=48,故该几何体的表面积.答案:C.4.等比数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ,已知a 2a 5=2a 3,且a 4与2a 7的等差中项为54,则S 4=( ) A.29B.30C.33D.36解析:设等比数列{an}的公比是q ,由题意和等比数列的通项公式列出方程组,求出a 1和q 的值,由等比数列的前项和公式求出S4的值.设等比数列{a n }的公比是q ,由题意得,2534752224a a a a a =⎧⎪⎨⨯=+⎪⎩,即25211361154222a q a q a q a q⎧=⎪⎨⨯=+⎪⎩,解得a 1=16,q=12, 所以441116112321301612S -⎛⎫==-= ⎪⎝⎭⎫⎪⎭-⎛⎝.答案:B.5.设f(x)为奇函数,且在(-∞,0)内是减函数,f(-2)=0,则xf(x)<0的解集为( )A.(-1,0)∪(2,+∞)B.(-∞,-2)∪(0,2)C.(-∞,-2)∪(2,+∞)D.(-2,0)∪(0,2解析:∵f(x)为奇函数,且在(-∞,0)内是减函数,f(-2)=0,∴f(-2)=-f(2)=0,在(0,+∞)内是减函数,∴x f(x)<0则()()002x f x f ⎧⎪⎨=⎪⎩><或()()002x f x f ⎧⎪⎨=-⎪⎩<>,根据在(-∞,0)内是减函数,在(0,+∞)内是减函数,解得:x ∈(-∞,-2)∪(2,+∞).答案:C6.设a >02表示成分数指数幂,其结果是( ) A.12a B.56a C.76a D.32a解析:由根式与分数指数幂的互化规则所给的根式化简即可将其表示成分数指数幂,求得其结果选出正确选项. 11722236a a --==. 答案:C.7.不等式2x 2-x-3>0解集为( )A.{x|-1<x <32} B.{x|x >32或x <-1} C.{x|32-<x <1} D.{x|x >1或x <32-} 解析:不等式2x 2-x-3>0因式分解为(x+1)(2x-3)>0解得:x >32或x <-1. ∴不等式2x 2-x-3>0的解集为{x|x >32或x <-1}. 答案:B.8.如图所示,程序框图的输出值S=( )A.15B.22C.24D.28解析:分析程序中各变量、各语句的作用,再根据流程图所示的顺序,可知:i=1,S=0满足条件S≤20,i=3,S=3满足条件S≤20,i=5,S=8满足条件S≤20,i=7,S=15满足条件S≤20,i=9,S=24不满足条件S≤20,退出循环,输出S的值为24.答案:C.9.已知S,A,B,C是球O表面上的点,SA⊥平面ABC,AB⊥BC,SA=AB=1,,则球O的表面积等于( )A.4πB.3πC.2πD.π解析:∵已知S,A,B,C是球O表面上的点∴OA=OB=OC=OS,∵又SA⊥平面ABC,AB⊥BC,SA=AB=1,,∴在Rt△ABC中,AC2=AB2+BC2=3,在Rt△SAC中,∴球O的直径为2R=SC=2,R=1,∴表面积为4πR 2=4π.答案:A.10.△ABC 中,AC=1,∠B=30°,则△ABC 的面积等于( )A.2B.4解析:由AC=1,cosB=cos30° 根据余弦定理得:AC 2=AB 2+BC 2-2AB ·BCcosB ,即1=3+BC 2-3BC ,即(BC-1)(BC-2)=0,解得:BC=1或BC=2,当BC=1时,△ABC 的面积sin 11121224S AB BC B ==⨯=g ;当BC=2时,△ABC 的面积sin 1112222S AB BC B ==⨯=g .所以△ABC . 答案:D.11.如图,网格纸的小正方形的边长是1,粗线画出的是一个几何体的三视图,则这个几何体的体积为( )A.5 2B.7 2C.2+4解析:根据几何体的三视图,得;该几何体是上部为三棱柱,下部为长方体的组合体,且三棱柱的底面为底面边长是1,底边上的高是1,三棱柱的高是3,长方体的底面是边长为1的正方形,高是2;所以该几何体的体积为V=V三棱柱+V长方体=12×1×1×3+1×1×2=72.答案:B.12.已知椭圆22221x ya b+=(a>b>0)的左顶点和上顶点分别为A、B,左、右焦点分别是F1,F2,在线段AB上有且只有一个点P满足PF1⊥PF2,则椭圆的离心率为( )A.2C.2D.12解析:依题意,作图如下:由A(-a ,0),B(0,b),F 1(-c ,0),F 2(c ,0),可得直线AB 的方程为:1x y a b+=-,整理得:bx-ay+ab=0, 设直线AB 上的点P(x ,y),则bx=ay-ab , x=a by-a , 由PF 1⊥PF 2,∴12PF PF uuu r uuu r g =(-c-x ,-y)·(c-x ,-y)=x 2+y 2-c 2=(a by-a)2+y 2-c 2, 令f(y)=(a by-a)2+y 2-c 2, 则f ′(y)=2(a b y-a)·a b+2y , 由f ′(y)=0得:222a b y a b =+,于是222ab x a b =-+, ∴222221222220ab a b PF PF c a b a b ⎛⎫=-+-= ⎪++⎝⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭⎭uuu r uuu r g , 整理得:22222a b c a b =+,又b 2=a 2-c 2,222c e a=, ∴e 4-3e 2+1=0,∴2e =e ∈(0,1),∴223122e⎛⎫⎪⎝-⎭=⎪=,可得e=12e=-.答案:D.二、填空题13.一组数据2,x,4,6,10的平均值是5,则此组数据的标准差是 .解析:由已知条件先求出x的值,再计算出此组数据的方差,由此能求出标准差. ∵一组数据2,x,4,6,10的平均值是5,∴2+x+4+6+10=5×5,解得x=3,∴此组数据的方差S2=15[(2-5)2+(3-5)2+(4-5)2+(6-5)2+(10-5)2]=8,∴此组数据的标准差S==答案:14.某射手射击1次,击中目标的概率是0.9.他连续射击4次,且各次射击是否击中目标相互之间没有影响.有下列结论:①他第3次击中目标的概率是0.9;②他恰好击中目标3次的概率是0.93×0.1;③他至少击中目标1次的概率是1-0.14.其中正确结论的序号是 (写出所有正确结论的序号).解析:∵射击一次击中目标的概率是0.9,∴第3次击中目标的概率是0.9,∴①正确;∵连续射击4次,且各次射击是否击中目标相互之间没有影响,∴本题是一个独立重复试验,根据独立重复试验的公式得到恰好击中目标3次的概率是34C ×0.93×0.1 ∴②不正确;∵至少击中目标1次的概率用对立事件表示是1-0.14.∴③正确.答案:①③15.函数f(x)=Asin(ωx+φ)(A ,ω,φ为常数,A >0,ω>0)的部分图象如图所示,则f(6π)的值是 .解析:根据顶点的纵坐标求A ,根据周期求出ω,由五点法作图的顺序求出φ的值,从而求得f(x)的解析式,进而求得f(6π)的值 由图象可得A=2,2744123T πππω==-,解得ω=2. 再由五点法作图可得2×3πφ=π,φ= 3π,故sin(2x+3π),故22sin 266332f ππππ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=⨯+=⨯= ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭.答案:2 16.821x x ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭-的展开式中x 7的系数为 (用数字作答) 解析:()()8216318811rr r r r r r T C x C x x --+⎛⎫ =-⎪⎝⎭=-,令16-3r=7,解得r=3. ∴821x x ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭-的展开式中x 7的系数为()338156C -=-. 答案:-56.三、解答题17.已知()1f n =(n ∈N*),())21g n =(n ∈N*).(Ⅰ)当n=1,2,3时,分别比较f(n)与g(n)的大小(直接给出结论).解析:(Ⅰ)先令n=1,2,3.分别求得f(n)和g(n),再通过计算比较它们的大小即可.答案:(Ⅰ)当n=1时,f(1)=1,,f(1)>g(1),当n=2时,()21f =,f(2)>g(2), 当n=3时,()31f =++,g(3)=2,f(3)>g(3).(Ⅱ)由(1)猜想f(n)与g(n)的大小关系,并证明你的结论.解析:(Ⅱ)通过前3项进行归纳猜想,用数学归纳法证明.检验n 取第一个值时,等式成立,假设n=k 时成立,证明当n=k+1时也成立,即可得到猜想成立.答案:(Ⅱ)猜想:f(n)>g(n)(n ∈N*),即)121+++⋯+(n ∈N*).下面用数学归纳法证明:①当n=1时,上面已证.②假设当n=k 时,猜想成立,即)121+++⋯+ 则当n=k+1时,())11212f k +=++++=.而())1212g k +=-=,下面转化为证明:只要证:()21123k k ++=+>,需证:(2k+3)2>4(k+2)(k+1), 即证:4k 2+12k+9>4k 2+12k+8,此式显然成立.所以,当n=k+1时猜想也成立. 综上可知:对n ∈N*,猜想都成立,即)121+⋯+(n ∈N*)成立.18.在如图所示的几何体中,四边形ABCD 是等腰梯形,AB ∥CD ,∠DAB=60°,FC ⊥平面ABCD ,AE ⊥BD ,CB=CD=CF.(Ⅰ)求证:BD ⊥平面AED.解析:(Ⅰ)由题意及图可得,先由条件证得AD ⊥BD 及AE ⊥BD ,再由线面垂直的判定定理即可证得线面垂直.答案:(Ⅰ)证明:∵四边形ABCD 是等腰梯形,AB ∥CD ,∠DAB=60°.∴∠ADC=∠BCD=120°.∵CB=CD ,∴∠CDB=30°,因此,∠ADB=90°,AD ⊥BD ,∵AE ⊥BD 且,AE ∩AD=A ,AE ,AD ⊂平面AED ,∴BD ⊥平面AED.(Ⅱ)求二面角F-BD-C 的余弦值.解析:(Ⅱ)解法一:由(I)知,AD ⊥BD ,可得出AC ⊥BC ,结合FC ⊥平面ABCD ,知CA ,CA ,CF 两两垂直,因此可以C 为坐标原点,分别以CA ,CB ,CF 所在的直线为X 轴,Y 轴,Z 轴建立如图的空间直角坐标系,设CB=1,表示出各点的坐标,再求出两个平面的法向量的坐标,由公式求出二面角F-BD-C 的余弦值即可;解法二:取BD 的中点G ,连接CG ,FG ,由于 CB=CD ,因此CG ⊥BD ,又FC ⊥平面ABCD ,BD ⊂平面ABCD ,可证明出∠FGC 为二面角F-BD-C 的平面角,再解三角形求出二面角F-BD-C 的余弦值.答案:(Ⅱ)解法一:由(I)知,AD ⊥BD ,同理AC ⊥BC ,∵FC ⊥平面ABCD ,∴CA ,CB ,CF 两两垂直,以C 为坐标原点,分别以CA ,CB ,CF 所在的直线为X 轴,Y 轴,Z 轴建立如图的空间直角坐标系:不妨设CB=1,则C(0,0,0),B(0,1,0),12-,0),F(0,0,1),因此BD uuu r=(2,32-,0),BF uu u r =(0,-1,1) 设平面BDF 的一个法向量为m u r =(x ,y ,z),则0m BF =u r uu u r g ,0m BD =u r uu u r g ,∴,取z=1,则m u r ,1,1),∵CF uu u r =(0,0,1)是平面BDC 的一个法向量,∴cos <m u r ,CF uu u r >5m CF CF m===u r uu u r g uu u r u r ,∴二面角F-BD-C 的余弦值为5. 解法二:取BD 的中点G ,连接CG ,FG ,∵CB=CD ,∴CG ⊥BD ,∵FC ⊥平面ABCD ,BD ⊂平面ABCD ,∴FC ⊥BD ,由于FC ∩CG=C ,FC ,CG ⊂平面FCG.∴BD ⊥平面FCG.故BD ⊥FG ,所以∠FGC 为二面角F-BD-C 的平面角,在等腰三角形BCD 中,∵∠BCD=120°,∴CG=12CB ,又CB=CF ,∴GF =,∴cos ∠∴二面角F-BD-C19.已知△ABC 的三个顶点分别为A(2,3),B(1,-2),C(-3,4),求(Ⅰ)BC 边上的中线AD 所在的直线方程.解析:(Ⅰ)求出中点D 的坐标,用两点式求出中线AD 所在直线的方程,并化为一般式. 答案:(Ⅰ)设D(x ,y),则x=132-=-1,y=242-+=1, ∴D(-1,1),而A(2,3), ∴312312AD K -==+, ∴BC 边上的中线AD 所在的直线方程为: y-1=23(x+1),即:2x-3y+5=0.(Ⅱ)△ABC 的面积.解析:(Ⅱ)求出线段BC 的长度,求出直线BC 的方程和点A 到直线BC 的距离,即可求得△ABC 的面积.答案:(Ⅱ)BC ==,直线BC 的方程是:3x+2y+1=0, A 到BC的距离d ==,∴112321ABC S BC d ==⨯=V g .20.设数列{a n }前n 项和为S n ,且S n +a n =2.(Ⅰ)求数列{a n }的通项公式.解析:(Ⅰ)由数列递推式可得S n+1+a n+1=2,与原数列递推式作差可得数列{a n }是等比数列,则数列{a n }的通项公式可求.答案:(Ⅰ)由S n +a n =2,得S n+1+a n+1=2,两式相减,得2a n+1=a n ,∴112n n a a +=(常数), ∴数列{a n }是等比数列,又n=1时,S 1+a 1=2,∴112n n a -=.(Ⅱ)若数列{b n }满足b 1=a 1,1133n n n b b b --=+,n ≥2.求证{1n b }为等比数列,并求数列{b n }的通项公式.解析:(Ⅱ)由b 1=a 1求得b 1,把1133n n n b b b --=+变形可得{1n b }为等比数列,求其通项公式后可得数列{b n }的通项公式.答案:(Ⅱ)证明:由b 1=a 1=1,且n ≥2时,1133n n n b b b --=+,得b n b n-1+3b n =3b n-1, ∴11131n n b b --=, ∴{1n b }是以1为首项,13为公差的等差数列, ∴112133n n n b -+=+=,故32n b n =+. (Ⅲ)设n n na cb =,求数列{c n }的前n 和T n . 解析:(Ⅲ)把{a n },{b n }的通项公式代入n n n a c b =,利用错位相减法求数列{c n }的前n 和T n .答案:(Ⅲ)12312n n n n a n c b -⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭+==g , ()01111113222342n n T n -=++⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎢⎥ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⋯+⎭⎢⎣+⎥⎦g g g , ()()1213411111112322222n n n T n n -⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎢⎥ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭=++⋯+⎝⎭⎢⎥⎣+⎦++g g g g , 以上两式相减得,()12111111123222322n n n T n -⎡⎤=+++⋯+-⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭+⎢⎥⎢⎥⎣⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎦⎭g ]()111221113132212n n n --=+-+⎧⎫⎡⎤⎛⎫⎪⎪⎢⎥ ⎪⎝⎭⎢⎥⎪⎪⎛⎫⎣⎦⎨⎬ ⎪⎝⎭⎪⎪⎪-⎪⎩⎭g ()142111322n n n -⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫-⎢⎥ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭+⎣-⎢⎥⎦=g . ∴184332n n n T -+=-g . 考试高分秘诀是什么?试试这四个方法,特别是中考和高考生谁都想在考试中取得优异的成绩,但要想取得优异的成绩,除了要掌握好相关的知识定理和方法技巧之外,更要学会一些考试技巧。
河北八所重点中学2016-2017学年第二学期高三英语 一、阅读理解 If you loo at the night sy, you’ll often see stars moving very quicly. In fact, they move much more quicly than they should according to their sie and the laws of physics. Scientists do not completely understand why the speed of these stars is so high. But many believe the reason is that much of the universe is made of something called “dar matter”. Groups of stars called galaies, such as the Mily Way, might even be made up of 90 percent dar matter. How much something weighs depends on where it is. The same object weighs only half as much on Mars as it does on Earth and almost three times as much on Jupiter. So scientists prefer to tal about the mass (质量) of something rather than how much it weighs, because mass does not change. They can wor out the mass of galaies by measuring the distance between them and the speed they move at. Recently, Jorge Peñarrubia, a senior academic at Edinburgh University, U, and his team discovered something interesting The mass of the Mily Way is only half as much as the mass of another nearby galay, Andromeda. This seems strange, and dar matter may eplain why. Finding out more about dar matter could help us understand how the universe began, but this is not easy. Lots of scientists with different types of epert nowledge are woring on the problem. We can’t see dar matter, it’s very difficult to measure and we can’t find out its mass. Unlie stars, dar matter doesn’t produce or reflect light. But we can mae a good guess that it is there because of the way things move and the way light bends. Eperts now thin dar matter may be very different from the matter that we find on Earth. There may also be five times as much dar matter in the universe as ordinary matter. 1.Something that weighs 15g on Earth weighs about _____ on Mars and _____ on Jupiter. A. 7.5 g, 45 g B. 30 g, 45 g C. 45 g, 7.5 g D. 5 g, 30 g 2.The author mentions the masses of the Mily Way and Andromeda mainly to _____. A. eplain why the same object has a different weight on different stars B. compare the distance between the Mily Way and Andromeda C. show that studying dar matter could help to answer some scientific questions D. support the idea that scientists prefer to tal about mass instead of weight 3.Dar matter is difficult to investigate because _____. A. it travels at a very fast speed B. we can’t see where it is or measure its mass C. it’s hard to measure the light it produces and reflects D. it is much bigger than ordinary matter in sie 4.According to the tet dar matter _____. A. could accelerate the speed of stars B. could lessen the mass of objects in galaies C. maes up the entire universe and its stars D. may help us identify the origins of the universe
What's the most important thing in life? People's answers vary greatly. For British scientist Robert Edwards, the answer is having a child. "Nothing is more special than a child," he told the BBC. Edwards, the inventor of the In Vitro Fertiliation (IVF) technology—more commonly nown as "test-tube (试管) baby" technology—passed away on April 10, 2013 at the age of 87. "Edwards changed the lives of millions of ordinary people who now rejoice (高兴) in the gift of their own child," said Peter Braude, a professor at ing's College London. "He leaves the world a much better place." Edwards started his eperiments as early as the 1950s, when he had just finished his PhD in genetics. At that time, much of the public viewed test-tube babies as "scary", according to Mar Sauer, a professor at Columbia University, US. Edwards and his colleague Patric Steptoe faced opposition from churches, governments and media, not to mention attacs from many of their fellow scientists. "People said that we should not play God and we should not interfere with nature," Edwards once told Times. He said that he felt "quite alone" at the time. "But Edwards was a fighter, and he believed in what he was doing," said Sauer. Without support from the government, the two struggled to raise funds to carry on. And in 1968 they finally developed a method to successfully fertilie human eggs outside the body. The first test-tube baby was born on July 25, 1978. Her name was Is Louise Brown. Despite people's safety concerns, Brown was just as healthy as other children. "IVF had moved from vision to reality and a new era in medicine had begun," BBC commented. Ever since then, public opinion has evolved considerably. Couples who were unable to have babies began thronging (拥向) to Edwards' clinic. Nowadays, Reuters reports, some 4.3 million other "test-tube" children eist. Edwards received a Nobel Prie in 2010 and was nighted (封为爵士) by Queen Eliabeth in the following year. Before his death, Edwards was still in touch with Louise. "He is lie a granddad to me," she said in an interview with the Daily Mail. He is a granddad to millions, in fact. 5.What’s the article mainly about? A. The first test-tube baby. B. A new era in medicine. C. The inventor of IVF technology. D. The changes IVF technology has brought. 6.The writer mentioned Peter Braude to . A. show how difficult it was for Edwards to do his wor B. describe what ind of person Edwards was C. eplain why he is loved by all children D. comment on his achievement 7.The underlined word "opposition" in Paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to " "