2021年高考英语二轮专题复习《阅读理解》02A1.A schoolgirl saved her father’s life by kicking him in the chest after he suffereda serious allergic(过敏的)reaction which stopped his heart.Izzy,nine,restarted father Colm’s heart by stamping(踩)on his chest after he fell down at home and stopped breathing.Izzy’s mother,Debbie,immediately called 999 but Izzy knew doctors would never arrive in time to save her father,so decided to use CPR.However,she quickly discovered her arms weren’t strong enough,so she stamped on her father’s chest instead.Debbie then took over with some more conventional chest compressions(按压)until the ambulance arrived.Izzy,who has been given a bravery award by her school,said:“I just kicked him really hard.My mum taught me CPR but I knew I wasn’t strong enough to use hands.I was quite scared.The doctor said I might as well be a doctor or a nurse.My mum said that Dad was going to hospital with a big footprint on his chest.”“She’s a little star,”said Debbie,“I was really upset but Izzy just took over.I just can’t believe what she did.I really think all children should be taught first aid.Izzy did CPR then the doctor turned up.Colm had to have more treatment on the way to the hospital and we’ve got to see an expert.”Truck driver Colm,35,suffered a mystery allergic reaction on Saturday and was taken to hospital,but was sent home only for it to happen again the next day.The second attack was so serious that his airway swelled,preventing him from breathing,his blood pressure dropped suddenly,and his heart stopped for a moment.He has now made a full recovery from his suffering.（1）Izzy kicked her father in the chest .A.to express her helplessnessB.to practise CPR on himC.to keep him awakeD.to restart his heart（2）What’s the right order of the events?①Izzy kicked Colm.②Debbie called 999.③Izzy learned CPR.④Colm’s heart stopped.A.③①②④B.④②③①C.③④②①D.④③①②（3）What does Paragraph 8 mainly talk about?A.What Colm suffered.B.Colm’s present condition.C.What caused Colm’s allergy.D.Symptoms of Colm’s allergic reaction.（4）Why does the author write the news?A.To describe a serious accident.B.To prove the importance of CPR.C.To report a 9-year-old girl’s brave act.D.To call people’s attention to allergic reaction.B2.American high school students are terrible writers, and one education reform group thinks it has an answer: robots, or, more accurately< robot-readers-computers programmed to scan student essays and spit out a grade.Mark Shermis, professor of the College of Education at the University of Akron, is helping to hold a contest, set up by the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation(WFHF), which promises $ 100,000 in prize money to programmers who write the best automated grading software. “If you’re a high school teacher and you give a writing task, you’re walking home with 150 essays,” Shermis said. “You’re going to need some help. ”Automated essay grading was first proposed in the 1960s, but computers back then were not up to the task. In the late 1990s, as technology improved, several textbook and testing companies jumped into the field. Today, computers are used to grade essays in South Dakota's student writing assessments and a handful of other exams, including the TOEFL test of English fluency, taken by foreign students.The Hewlett contest aims to show that computers can grade as well as English teachers—only much more quickly and without all that depressing red ink.“Automated essay scoring is objective,” Shermis said. “And it can be done immediately. If students finish an essay at 10 p. m. , they get a result at 10:00 p. m."Take, for instance, the Intelligent Essay Assessor, a web-based tool marketed by Pearson Education, Inc. Within seconds it can analyze an essay for spelling, grammar, organization, and help students to make revision. The program scans for key words and analyzes semantic(语义的) patterns, and Pearson claims that it can understand the meaning of a text much the same as a human reader.（1）The text is written to introduce ________.A.Hewlett contestB.the education reform in AmericaC.robot-readersD.William and Flora Hewlett Foundation（2）What does the underlined phrase “spit out” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A.Analyze.anize.C.Give.D.Check.（3）What does Paragraph 4 focus on?A.The application of automated essay scoring.B.The advantages of automated essay scoring.C.The prize of Hewlett contest.D.Teachers’ opinions about Hewlett contest.C3.UK cottagesBorth Cottage, Abersoch, North Wales Sleeps 12Borth Cottage is a luxurious coastal cottage just outside Abersoch on North Wales9 beautiful LI yn Peninsula. It is not cheap but comes with its own hot tub, sauna and mini-cinema. There are also open fires, a state of the art kitchen, anda family games room. Enjoy long coastal walks, waterskiing and windsurfing or justsitting in front of the fire with a great book. The kids will be busy exploring the big gardens and playing on Playstation 3 or watching TV.Christmas : £6,000 for a week starting on December 21New Year:£6,000 for a week starti ng on December 28Blaenfforest Granary and Cottage, Carmarthenshire, Wales Sleeps 4 and 2 In the heart of South West Wales5 Teifi Valley, Blaenfforest offers new luxury self-catering accommodation in The Granary ( sleeps 4) and The Cottage ( sleeps 2 ). Underfloor heating and wood burning stoves ensure winter visitors are kept warm and dogs are welcome.Christmas : A week starting on December 22, £360 for The Cottage, £685 for The GranaryHembury Court, East Devon Sleeps up to 17In the famous thatched village of Broadhembury, Hembury Court offers five-star self-catering cottages located around a courtyard, which sleep two, four, five or six people. A group of 17 can book the entire place and enjoy sole use of facilities including round bams for games, activities and a party on New Year’s Eve. There is also a hot tub and a fitness suite with rural views.Christmas : December 28 to January 2, special offer of £4,250 instead of £4,650 for up to 17 peopleDozmary Pool Barn, Bodmin, Cornwall Sleeps 6Locat ed at the site where, as legend has it, Arthur’s sword was thrown, this newly renovated granite bam, overlooks wild and remote Dozmary Pool. The house is warm and modem inside and furnished to the highest standards. It has three double bedrooms, an open plan sitting room,a dining area and a kitchen with a wood-burning stove. There are two terraces overlooking the lake, a great spot for birdwatchers and water enthusiasts.Christmas and New Year: £911 for a week（1）If you want to go on holiday with a pet dog, you should choose _______.A.Borth CottageB.Dozmary Pool BamC.Hembury CourtD.Blaenfforest（2）What is the common point of these four places?A.They are all located on the seaside.B.They can be rented at the same day.C.They all belong to British cottages.D.They have the same price.（3）When 17 people go on holiday together in Hembury Court, they at least can spend _______.A.￡4,650B.￡4,250C.￡1,045D.￡6,000D4.A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their futureactually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than those pessimists who expected their future to be worse.The paper, published this March inPsychology and Aging, examined health and welfare surveys from roughly 40,000 Germans between ages 18 and 96.The surveys were conducted every year from 1993 to 2003.Survey respondents(受访者)were asked to estimate their present and future life satisfaction on a scale of 0 to 10,among other questions.The researchers found that young adults(age 18 to 39)routinely overestimated their future life satisfaction,while middle-aged adults(age 40 to 64)more accurately predicted how they would feel in the future.Adults of 65 and older,however,were far more likely to underestimate their future life satisfaction.Not only did they feel more satisfied than they thought they would,the older pessimists seemed to suffer a lower ratio(比率)of disability and death for the study period.“We observed that being too optimistic in predicting a better future than actually observed was associated with a greater risk of disability and a greater risk of death within the following decade,”wrote Frieder ng,a professor at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg.Lang and his colleagues believed that people who were pessimistic about their future may be more careful about their actions than people who expected a rosy future.“Seeing a dark future may encourage positive evaluations of the actual self and may contribute to taking improved precautions(预防措施),”the authors wrote.Surprisingly,compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes,respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greaterdecline.Also,the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.The authors of the study noted that there were limitations to theirconclusions.Illness, medical treatment and personal loss could also have driven health outcomes.However, the researchers said a pattern was clear. “We found that from early to late adulthood,individuals adapt their expectations of future life satisfaction from optimistic,to accurate,to pessimistic,”the authors concluded.（1）According to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction?A. Optimistic adults.B. Middle-aged adults.C. Adults in poor health.D. Adults of lower income.（2）Pessimism may be positive in some way because it causes people .A.to fully enjoy their present lifeB.to estimate their contribution accuratelyC.to take measures against potential risksD.to value health more highly than wealth（3）How do people of higher income see their future?A.They will earn less money.B.They will become pessimistic.C.They will suffer mental illness.D.They will have less time to enjoy life.（4）What is the clear conclusion of the study?A.Pessimism guarantees chances of survival.B.Good financial condition leads to good health.C.Medical treatment determines health outcomes.D. Expectations of future life satisfaction decline with age.E5.We’ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silenceWhat’s the problem? It’s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence It’s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward an d challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits Dismissing small talk a s unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation Small talk is the grease(润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast “Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk,” he explains “The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them”In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience “It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than ta lking to your husband,” says Dunn “But interactions with peripheral(边缘的) members of our social network matter for ourwell-being also”Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk “Small talk is the basis of good manners,”he says（1）What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?A.Addiction to smartphonesB.Inappropriate behaviours in public placesC.Absence of communication between strangersD.Impatience with slow service（2）What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?A.Showing good mannersB.Relating to other peopleC.Focusing on a topicD.Making business deals（3）What does the coffee-shop study suggest about small talk?A. It improves family relationshipsB. It raises people’s confidenceC. It matters as much as a formal talkD. It makes people feel good（4）What is the best title for the text?A. Conversation CountsB. Ways of Making Small TalkC. Benefits of Small TalkD. Uncomfortable SilenceF6.阅读下面的短文，完成下列各题：There are two things I can count on my dad asking every time he calls me:“Is there anything I can do for you?”and“How’s the car?”I guess he asks what he can do for me because his dad(an air force officer)was never really there for him,and he’s determined to provide me with the support he lacked.During my youth he never misseda school play or softball game.In fact,he was so supportive that I sometimes longedfor one of those dads who dressed better and cared less.But my dad would forever be the guy wearing shorts with dress shoes and black socks,cheering me on,expecting greatness.His other standard question—How’s the car?--used to strike me as a waste of long-distance dollars from a man who once suggested making a list of what you want to talk about before calling someone out of state.What I now realize is that“How’s the car?”is not about the car.It’s a father’s way of asking his adult daughter how she is doing.The advantage is that if there’s something wrong with the car,he knows what to do about it and how much it will cost,whereas if you’re having problems about marriage or doubting a career choice,he might have to act Mom on the line.At age thirty I finally took the plunge(跳进)into adulthood by renting a car without my dad’s help or advice.I’m sure my dad was hurt rather than proud.Though a daughter’s independence is evidence of a job well done,it still implies the job’s done,and many fathers are unwilling to retire.Even when my dad was overworked,he’d happily jump on a plane if I said I needed help.His frequent question“Is there anythingI can do for you?”underlines the fact that he wishes there was still somethinghe could provide.It’s interesting:Even though we’re tied by blood and I love him no matter what,he still seems to need a concrete function--suggestingstocks,finding the cheapest plane fare--to feel he has a role in my life.（1）In the author’s opinion,her father always attended her school plays or softball games to_____.A．satisfy any demand she made to himB．show his interest and watch them for funC．make up what he was previously short ofD．expect his daughter would be great in games（2）The author has learned that by asking“How is the car?”,her father is actually_____.A．reminding her not to waste moneyB．asking how his daughter is getting alongC．expressing his concern for her daughter’s safetyD．asking his daughter if the car breaks down or not（3）According to the author,her father,like many other fathers,is unwilling to retire probably because_____.A．he wants to continue to earn moneyB．he is doubtful of children’s independenceC．he won’t put an end to caring for his childrenD．he is afraid of losing connection with children（4）We can safely draw a conclusion from the story that in the author’s eye her father_____.A．has a strong passion for his workB．has the deepest love for his childrenC．has great interest in his daughter’s carD．has too much control over his childrenG7.Sports account for a growing amount of income made on the sales of commercial time by television companies.Many television companies have used sports to attract viewers from particular sections of the general public,and then they have sold audiences to advertisers.An attraction of sport programs for the major U.S. media companies is that events are often held on Saturday and Sunday afternoons—the slowest time periods of the week for general television viewing.Sport events are the most popular weekend programs, especially among male viewers who may not watch much television at other times during the week.This means the television networks are able to sell advertising time at relatively high prices during what normally would be dead timefor programming.Media corporations also use sports to attract commercial sponsors that might take their advertising dollars elsewhere if television stations did not report certain sports.The people in the advertising departments of major corporations realize that sports attract male viewers.They also realize that most business travelers are men and that many men make family decisions on the purchases of computers, cars and life insurance.Golf and tennis are special cases for television programming.These sports attract few viewers,and the ratings(收视率)are unusually low.However,the audience for these sports is attractive to certain advertisers.It is made up of people from the highest income groups in the United States,including many lawyers and business managers.This is why television reporting of golf and tennis is sponsored by companies selling high-priced cars,business and personal computers,and holiday trips.This is also why the networks continue to carry these programs regardless of low ratings.Advertisers are willing to pay high fees to reach high-income consumers and those managers who make decisions to buy thousands of “company cars”and computers.With such viewers,these programs don’t need high ratings to stay on the air.（1）Television sport programs on weekend afternoons .A.result in more sport eventsB.get more viewers to play sportsC.make more people interested in televisionD.bring more money to the television networks（2） Why would weekend afternoons become dead time without sport programs?A.Because there would be few viewers.B.Because the advertisers would be off work.C.Because television programs would go slowly.D.Because viewers would pay less for watching television.（3）In many families,men make decisions on .A.holiday tripsB.sports viewingC.television shoppingD.expensive purchases（4）The ratings are not important for golf and tennis programs because .A.their advertisers are carmakersB.their viewers are attracted by sportsC.their advertisers target at rich peopleD.their viewers can afford expensive cars（5）What is the passage mainly about?A.Television ratings are determined by male viewers.B.Rich viewers contribute most to television companies.C.Sports are gaining importance in advertising on television.mercial advertisers are the major sponsors of sport events.H8.阅读下面的短文，完成下列各题：Researcher Ramon Llopis of the University of Valencia is a member of theinternational group behind Football Research in an Enlarged Europe (FREE), the aim of which is to develop a better understanding of football as a social and cultural phenomenon in Europe. The starting point is the “strong belief that football has important things to say about Europe and its citizens”.Llopis tells us that the research points to football as “an important presence in the daily lives of many Europeans. Even people who are not particularly interested in the sport cannot avoid the discussions it creates regardless of age, class and region.” He adds that “football is more than an activity which is done for enjoyment.It increases a sense of collective identity (集体认同).”Football is a topic of exchange and conversation between Europeans of different ages and social classes. Based on the surveys carried out in the early stages of the project, 63.3%of people who call themselves football fans have chatted about football with someone from another European country in the past twelve months, 70%of football fans watch matches and summaries from leagues (联赛) outside of their country of origin, and 53.4% habitually follow the results and news from other European leagues on the Internet and social media.So, rather than consider professional football as an economic activity or a healthy activity for both players and fans, public authorities should be aware of its huge socio-cultural impact. They should also pay attention to the increasing bad feeling surrounding football as a result of its commercialization (商业化), since it is causing many to turn away from the game.（1）What can we learn about FREE from Paragraph 1?A.It studies the impact of football on world culture.B.It educates the public about the history of football.C.It brings together researchers from several countries.D.It is a project carried out by the University of Valencia.（2）What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?A.The history of football.B.The power of football.C.The growth of football.D.The standard of football.（3）How does the author explain that football is a big part of Europeans'conversation?A.By using research findings.B.By providing examplesC.By telling true stories.D.By following the order of time.（4）What’s the author’s attitude to the future of football in Europe?A.Hopeful.B.Uncertain.C.Satisfied.D.Worried.参考答案1.【参考答案】【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道,一个女学生的父亲因严重的过敏反应心脏停止跳动,她用踢踹胸部的方式救了她父亲的命。
