2020年【北京市】高考英语模拟试题(解析版)

2020年北京市西城区高三二模英语试题（解析版）2020西城区高三模拟测试（二）英语试题本试卷共11页，120分。

考试时长100分钟。

考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

During a trip to New York City, Alabama woman Mary Anderson ___1___ (notice) a trolley driver couldn’t see well when it was snowing. At that point, drivers had to open the window ___2___ (clear) it, letting snow and rain into the vehicle. As a solution, Anderson designed and patented wood and rubber arms ___3___ would push rain and snow off the window at the pull of a lever (控制杆). But she was told her ___4___ (invent) was distracting and impractical, and she never profited from her design.【答案】1. noticed2. to clear3. that/which4. invention【解析】这是一篇记叙文。

该段落主要描写了Mary Anderson发明汽车挡风玻璃雨刮器，但被认为是不切实际的发明。

绝密★启用前【北京卷】 2020 年普通高等学校全国招生模拟考试英语本试卷共 16 页，共 150 分。

考试时长 120 分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：听力理解 （共三节， 30 分 ）第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每 段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

例： What is the man going to read?答案是 A 。

When will the film start?Which club will the man join?What was the weather like in the mountains yesterday?What does the man want to cut out of paper?Where does the conversation most probably take place?第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5分，15 分）选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有 5 秒钟的时间阅读每小题。

听完后，每小题将给出 每段对话或独白你将听两遍。

听第 6段材料，回答第 6至 7题。

6． Why does the woman make the call?A ． A newspaper.B ． A magazine.C ． A book.1． A ．At 5:00.B ． At 6:00.C ． At 7:00.2．A ． The film club.B ． The travel club.C ． The sports club.3．A ． Sunny.B ．Windy.C ． Snowy.4．A ． A fish.B ．A bird.C ． A monkey.5．A ． In a library.B ． At a bookstore.C ． In a museum.听下面 4 段对话或独白。

【附20套高考模拟试题】北京市西城区2020届高三二模试题英语试卷含答案北京市西城区2020届高三二模试题英语试卷第一部分（共20小题每，小题1.5分，满分30分）1．What the country did _____ the international trade regulations, for which it was widely condemned. A．approved B．violated C．bothered D．interrupted2．________ and open to various interpretations, the terms of the new proposal need improving based on the interests of both sides.A．Accessible B．ApparentC．Ambiguous D．Aggressive3．The house ______ I live in is very small.A．that B．whom C．when D．what4．Thanks to the special chemical ________ of the soil in the mountainous area, this economic plant grows well there.A．composition B．competenceC．construction D．conclusion5．—- Mum, look at my shoes. I need a new pair.—- .I bought them for you only a week ago!A．Y ou bet B．You said itC．Y ou don't say D．You name it6．My wife sometimes _____ something she has long been looking for. That’s why she enjoys window shopping.A．looks up B．looks for C．picks up D．picks out7．Sometimes smiles around the world ___________ be false, hiding other feelings like anger, fear or worry. A．can B．would C．should D．must8．This film is very with young people, which tells a reallyromantic story.A．familiar B．popularC．similar D．particular9．I’m interested in a blue dres s. Do you have any _______?A．convenient B．available C．possible D．personal10．It was reported that as many as 50% of patients do not take medicine ______ directed, ______ has drawn doctor’s attention.A．when; it B．as; what C．as; which D．that; and11．The government officials met the workers and engineers working on the stadium, most____ were migrant workers．A．of which B．of who C．of whom D．of them12．---Professor Li is wanted on the phone. Where is he?--- I saw him coming, but in a minute, he _____.A．will disappear B．has disappeared C．disappears D．disappeared13．More than a quarter of the energy in the United States goes to moving people and goods from one place to another.A．using B．used C．to use D．use14．—Do you ________ ready for the spring outing?—No,I still have to buy some fruit.A．everything B．anything C．something D．nothing15．Try to be independent, for your parents can't do ________ for you all your life.A．something B．nothingC．everything D．anything16．The problem lies in______ we’re now givi ng him a fish, not teaching him how to fish.A．what B．thatC．which D．if17．Mary doesn't want to move to Beijing because if she________ _there, she wouldn't be able to see her husband often.A．would live B．were to liveC．has lived D．lives18．In a competitive marketplace, finding the key factor that ________ your business from others is highly valuable.A．defends B．distinguishesC．prohibits D．selects19．—How did you find Professor Smith’s speech last night ?—To be frank, his speech didn’t ________ to me .A．appeal B．belongC．refer D．occur20．Now the world’s attention ________ the stocking markets, as they have great influence on the world’s economy.A．is fixing on B．is being fixed onC．has fixed on D．had been fixed on第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

2020年北京市高考英语试卷（解析版）本试卷共12页，共120分。

考试时长100分钟。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food___1___(play) a big role in his life. "My mum was a great cook, and she'd sometimes let me have a try," he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if you're___2___(luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them___3___you can join in when it's possible.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they___4___(throw) away. It takes them hundreds of years___5___(break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trop sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart___6___countless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of___7___(country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

西城区高三诊断性测试英语2020.5 本试卷共11 页，120 分。

考试时长100 分钟。

考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节语法填空（共10 小题；每小题1.5 分，共15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

AMia rushed home and threw open the front door. Her mother turned around, surprised that Mia was home from school so early. “I won first place in the art contest!” she said 1 pride and raised her head, expecting praise. Though Mia 2 (work) eagerly on her art submission for weeks, her mother wasn’t sure 3 the project involved. “That’s wonderful, Mia! What was the subject of your art project?” her mother asked. Smiling from ear to ear, Mia handed over her artwork. It was a portrait of her mother.BA study found that adults aged 18 to 33 checked their smartphones 85 times a day, or once every 10 minutes. As I learned during my experiment, 4 (place) some distance between myself and my device helped me devote myself to my work more 5 (easy). By not having my smartphone, my distraction(消遣) time went down and thus my work time 6 (spend) more efficiently and effectively. On numerous occasions, I found 7 (I) wondering what to do with the afternoon since I had already completed my high-impact tasks for the day. With the extra time, I can finally enjoy the pleasures of life.CIn June 2012, China’s first manned deep-sea submersible (潜水器), Jiaolong, set a world diving record for submersibles of its kind by reaching a 8 (deep) of 7,062 meters in the Mariana Trench in the Pacific Ocean. In 2017, China successfully tested a submersible 9 (call) Shenhai Yongshi, capable of diving 4,500 meters. 10 much of Jiaolong’s equipment was imported, about 95 percent of Shenhai Yongshi and all its core components were produced domestically, said Xu Qinan, the chief designer of Jiaolong.第二节完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，共30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

高考英语全真模拟卷题号得分I II III IV V 总分一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AYou've heard of the fat suit and the pregnancy suit；now meet AGNES-the old person suit．AGNES stands for"Age Gain Now Empathy（换位体验）System"and was designed by researchers at MIT's AgeLab to let you know what it feels like-physically-to be 75 years old．"The business of old age demands new tools，"said Joseph Coughlin，director of the AgeLab ．"While focus groups and observations and surveys can help you understand what the older consumer needs and wants，young marketers never get that‘Ah ha!'moment of having difficulty opening a jar，or getting in and out of a car．That's what AGNES provides．" Coughlin and his team carefully adjusted the suit to make the wearer just as uncomfortable as an old person who has spent a lifetime eating poorly and not doing much exercise．Special shoes provide a feeling of imbalance，while braces on the knees and elbows limit joint mobility．Gloves give the feeling of decreased strength and mobility in the hands and wrists，and earplugs make it difficult to hear high-pitched sounds and soft tones．A helmet with straps（带）attached to it presses the spine（脊柱），and more straps attached to the shoes decrease hamstring flexibility，and shortens the wearer's step．AGNES has been used most recently by a group of students working on a design of an updated walker．By wearing the suit they could see for themselves what design and materials would make the most sense for a physically limited older person．Coughlin said the suit has also been used by clothing companies，car companies and retail goods companies to help them understand the limitations of an older consumer．"AGNES is not the destiny of everybody，"he said．"She is a badly behaved lady who didn't eat and exercise very well．A secondary benefit we've found with AGNES is that it has become a powerful tool to get younger people to invest in their long-term health．"1. AGNES has been developed to ______ ．A. make the users more comfortableB. 1et us understand old people betterC. help old people move more quicklyD. produce new tools for the old-age business2. According to the article，young marketers never．______A. feel the same way as old people doB. see the efforts old people makeC. ask what old people need and wantD. say"Ah ha!"when they meet with difficulty3. The 3rd paragraph mainly tells about ______ ．A. how the AGNES wearer feels C. how old people actB. how AGNES has been developed D. how AGNES works4. "An updated walker"（underlined）most likely refers to ______ ．A. someone who travels a lotB. a physically limited old personC. some equipment that helps old people walkD. a company whose service involves old people5. Which may be a fact resulting from the"secondary benefit"of AGNES？______A. Young people respect old people．B. Old-age business improves their service•C. Old people eat and exercise well．D. Young people eat and exercise well．BSweet Dreams While You Sleep Did you sleep the day away on Friday March 21？Well，you should have done that because it was World Sleeping Day．This is the day of the year when people around the world care about their sleep and ask themselves questions about sleep．Why do we need sleep？Nobody as yet can give a perfect answer to this question．However，lab tests on rats have shown that lack （缺少）of sleep over about four weeks leads to a strong drop in body temperature，great weight loss and finally，death．How much sleep？Different people need different amounts of sleep．Eight hours a night is considered the average amount of sleep．For teenagers，the least number of sleeping hours advised by doctors are 10 hours for primary school students，nine for junior highs and eight for senior highs．Some people seem to get along just well with very little sleep at night．Leading American scientist Thomas Edison，for example thought of sleep to be a waste of time．He did，however take naps （打盹）during the day．On the other hand，Albert Einstein，another great scientist，said he needed at least ten hours sleep a night．How can we sleep well？Here are some of the most popular tips for a good night's sleep：*Listen to your body clock，not your alarm clock （闹钟）．*Use your bed only to sleep．*Get up and go to bed at the same time （also on weekends）．*Exercise in the morning and in the early afternoon．Don't exercise in the evening．*Stop looking at that clock while you can't sleep! And don't worry．*Avoid alcohol （酒精），caffeine （咖啡因）and smoking before going to bed．*Keep the bedroom dark，quiet，and cool．6. Which of the following is true according to the passage？______A. Thomas Edison slept very long hours every day．B. Albert Einstein needed very little sleep．C. Doctors suggested that primary school students have ten hours of sleep．D. Doctors suggested that junior highs have eight hours of sleep．7. Which of the following is not a good sleeping habit？______A. Have a cup of alcohol before going to bed．B. Keep the bedroom dark，quiet and cool．C. Get up and go to bed at the same time．D. Listen to your body clock．8. What is implied in this passage？______A. Bedrooms can be used for other purposes．B. Great scientists need less sleep than ordinary people．C. World sleeping day is the only time when people become concerned about sleep．D. Results from lab tests on rats may be applicable to humans．CBaths in Japan In many western countries people do not bathe （沐浴）every day．Sometimes they bathe only once a week．Sometimes they bathe two or three times a week．They do not bathe often because the weather is cold or because hot water is expensive．They use electricity or wood to boil the water．Electricity and wood cost a lot of money．In cold countries people usually do not feel they are dirty if they do not have a bath．In Japan people bathe very often．Most people have a bath every day．When the weather is hot they sometimes have two or three baths a day．They bathe in very hot water．Usually the water is almost boiling．They believe that these very hot baths also stop them from falling ill．Each house has its own bathroom but there are also big bathhouses for everybody．They are found everywhere in Japan．In the bathhouse there is one part for men and one part for women．The bath is usually three meters wide，three meters long and about one meter deep ：halfway down there is a narrow （狭窄的）seat that goes all the way around the bath．Many people use the bath but it is not dirty．Before a person gets into the big bath，they wash themselves first，and then get into the big bath．The person stays there for a short time ．When they get out of the bath，they wash their body with soap and water．After the soap is all washed away，the person gets into the big bath again．Soap is not used in the big bath ．The water in the big bath is changed quite often．The water is also very hot．In some places people hit the water with sticks first．They do this to make the water cooler．Then the men get into the bath very slowly and carefully．When a man gets into a bath，he says．"Excuse me．" He does this because most of the hot water comes directly out of the ground．In other places people boil the water with a big fire．In a small bath at home sometimes people light a fire under the bath．When the water is hot，people in the family take a bath one by one．9. Which of the following is not true about baths？______A. Taking baths can help people relax themselves．B. Taking baths can refresh people．C. Taking baths can keep people clean．D. Taking baths can make people nervous．10. What do people use to boil water in many western countries？______A. Electricity．B. Gas．C. Coal．D. Straw．11. What is the size of a public bath？______A. Three meters long，three meters wide and about three meters deep．B. Three meters long，one meter wide and about three meters deep．C. Three meters long，three meters wide and about one meter deep．D. One meter long，three meters wide and about three meters deep．DDogs Almost everyone likes dogs，and almost everyone likes to read stories about dogs．I have a friend who has a large police dog named Jack．Police dogs are often very clever．Every Sunday afternoon my friend takes Jack for a long walk in the park．Jack likes these long walks very much．One Sunday afternoon a young man came to visit my friend．He stayed a long time．He talked and talked．Soon it was time for my friend to take Jack for his walk．But the visitorstill stayed．Jack became very worried．He walked around the room several times and then sat down in front of the visitor and looked at him．But the visitor paid no attention （注意）．He kept on talking．Finally Jack could stand it no longer．He went out of the room and came back a few minutes later．He sat down again in front of the visitor but this time he held the visitor's hat in his mouth．Here is another story about a clever dog．It was a seeing-eye dog．A seeing-eye dog is a special dog that helps blind people walk along the streets and do many other things．We call these dogs "seeing-eye" dogs because they are the "eyes" of the blind man and they help him to "see"．These dogs usually go to special schools for several years to learn to help blind people ．One day a seeing-eye dog and a blind man got on a bus together．The bus was full of people and there were no seats．One man，however，soon got up and left his seat．The dog took the blind man to the seat，but there was very little space．The dog began to push the people on each side with his nose．He pushed and pushed until the people moved down and finally there was enough space for two people．The blind man then sat down and the dog got up on the seat at his side．He lie down and put his head on the leg of the blind man．He was very comfortable and soon fell asleep．Everyone on the bus had to smile at the intelligence （聪明）of the dog in making space for the blind man and，at the same time，making a place for himself．12. Which of the following words is not very much related to a dog？______A. Intelligent．B. Loyal．C. Helpful．D. Ambitious．13. Why did everyone on the bus smile at the seeing-eye dog？______A. Because he was intelligent．C. Because he was friendly．B. Because he was helpful．D. Because he was cute．14. Which of the following best describes a seeing-eye dog？______A. A seeing-eye dog is the most intelligent of all dogs．B. A seeing-eye dog is a special dog that helps the police．C. A seeing-eye dog is a watchdog．D. A seeing-eye dog is a special dog that helps blind people．15. What can be inferred from this passage？______A. All dogs are rude to visitors．B. All dogs are impolite to passengers on buses．C. Dogs can be impolite but still loveable．D. Dogs are greedy．二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）With the summer holiday just around the corner，it seems like everybody is busy planning their vacations．Here are some tips that can help you enjoy your holiday without emptying your pocket：Travel off-seasonGo to your desired destination while the demand is low and take advantage of huge discounts．During the peak season，the hotel and flight prices increase quickly，and you'll likely spend more of your vacation time standing in line due to the rush of tourists．(1)(2)Websites can help you find discount hotel rooms．Look for places that do not charge extra for children if they use the existing bedding．Stay with the locals．If you and your family are going to stay for a longer period，renting a small apartment is a good choice．Eat like a localWhy eat at big chain restaurants when you can experience something new？(3) During yourfamily trip，try new food where the locals eat．This will not just save money，but also provide you with a new and different experience．For smaller meals and snacks，avoid restaurants and try street food or other takeout．Don't hesitate to bargainTourist-heavy places are known for overcharging for just about everything．Clothes，travel goodies，souvenirs，etc．are very expensive at these places．(4) Bargain hard to get the best price．Choose local transportation(5) Instead，take buses，railways or subways，which are always cheaper．If you are planning to stay for a while，you can consider renting a car．Hiring a car is much easier than carrying your bags everywhere if you are moving around a lot．A．Save on hotels．B．Surf the Internet while traveling．C．Therefore，avoid buying anything there．D．So it's best to find out when the off-season starts．E．Planning your meals is another way to reduce your travel costs．F．For this reason，you shouldn't feel ashamed to ask for bargains．G．As a tourist，avoid taking taxis whenever possible，since they are expensive．A. AB. BB. BB. BB. BB. BC. CC. CC. CC. CC. CD. DD. DD. DD. DD. DE.E.E.E.E.16.17.18.19.20. E F. FF. FF. FF. FF. FG. GG. GG. GG. GG. G A. AEA. AEA. AEA. AE三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）RediscoveryI used to be a happy child with a loving family and many friends．I had a(21) that cold brighten a could winter day and I had a special love for life．At twelve，my life had a huge breakdown．It was then that I (22) OCD（强迫症）．I startedto wash my hands ten times an hour，and I constantly (23) my kitchen oven to make sure that it was off．This way of life continued for four painful years，and by then，my OCD had led to depression（抑郁）．I was no longer the (24) little girl I had been．In the tenth grade I finally(25) to my mother that I was suffering from depression along with my OCD．My mom took me to a doctor and I started taking (26)．Over a few months，the medicine did help the OCD，but I still was struggling with depression．One autumn evening，I hit rock bottom．I thought suicide（自杀）was the only (27) to my depression problem，so I decided to write a suicide note．As I was (28) it，my eyes fell on a photo．It was a (29) of an adorable little girl，wearing her red soccer uniform and holding a bike helmet．She had a bright smile that showed she was full of life．It took me a few minutes to (30) who the girl in the photo was．The photo had been taken when I was seven years old．I almost couldn't believe that smiling child was me．I felt a chill go down my spine（脊柱）．It was like my younger self had sent me a (31)．Right then and there I knew I couldn't kill myself．Once I had been a strong little girl，and I had to become(32) like that again．I tore up my suicide note and (33) that I would not rely only on my medicine．I would have to fight the depression with my mind，too．I could make myself happy again．It has been two years since I (34) myself．The real reason I am healed is that I took action and refused to let depression (35) my life．I learned a lifelong (36)：Never give up．Everyone has challenges in life，but everyone can (37)．I am living proof of that．Now I am prepared for whatever (38) life may bring．I have a role model to (39) up to for strength，and who is guiding me (40) life．My hero is a seven-year-old girl，smiling back at me from a photo on my desk．A. dream A. prevented A. checked A. pretty A. admitted A. classes A. response A. posting A. picture A. explain A. giftB. thoughtB. treatedB. fixedB. happyB. suggestedB. medicineB. doorB. copyingB. figureB. realizeB. cardB. strongB. doubtedB. replacedB. abandonB. skillC. hopeD. smileD. discoveredD. testedD. lovelyD. repliedD. notesD. solutionD. revisingD. shadowD. describeD. letterD. athleticD. imaginedD. rediscoveredD. wasteD. experienceD. surviveD. challengesD. add21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.34.35.36.37.38.39.40.C. developedC. touchedC. popularC. showedC. exerciseC. entranceC. finishingC. modelC. questionC. messageC. livelyC. promisedC. recalledC. ruinA. openA. advisedA. rejectedA. riskA. lessonA. escapeA. adventuresA. comeC. classB. quitB. benefitsB. lookC. recoverC. opportunitiesC. makeA. throughB. overC. acrossD. from四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）41. Johann Strauss was (1) Austrian composer of light music，particularly dance music andoperettas （轻歌剧）．He was born in Vienna in 1825．Although his father didn't want him (2) （become）a musician，Strauss studied the violin (3) （secret）when he was a child．When his father discovered his son was practicing on a violin one day，he gave him a beating，(4) （say）that he was going to beat the music out of the boy．But that didn't prevent the boy from becoming one of the greatest (5) （composer）of all time．He wrote his first waltz at six．At the age of 19，he decided to devote himself to (6) （write）music．He formed his own orchestra and made a successful tour to Europe and soon became famous．The emperor of Austria was so (7) （please）with his music that he appointed him the conductor at the court balls of Vienna．It was for these occasions that he wrote some of his most popular waltzes，among (8) was the wellknown favorite TheBlueDanube．In all，the talented Johann Strauss wrote more than 500 masterpieces．In his lifetime，he was known (9) the Waltz King，and was largely responsible for the (10) （popular）of the waltz in Vienna during the 19th century．五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）42. 假设你是红星中学高三的学生李华，获悉美国某公益组织在北京的一家慈善基金会正在招聘实习生，主要负责翻译等工作．请写一封自荐信，申请成为该慈善基金会的实习生．信的内容包括：1．表达愿望；2．提供至少三条自荐理由（例如：扎实的英语功底）；3．恳请获准．注意：1．词数不少于50；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．提示词：慈善基金会charitable foundation 实习生internDear Sir or Madam，______Sincerely，Li Hua．43. 假如你是红星中学高三1 班的李华．请按以下四幅图的顺序，给你校"英语园地"投稿，介绍上个月你们班参加学校组织的"原创诗词大赛"的比赛过程．注意：词数不少于60．Last month，our class took part in the Campus Poetry Contest held in our school．答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】A 【小题3】D 【小题4】C 【小题5】D【解析】1．B．细节理解题．根据第二段中…let you know what it feels like-physically-tobe 75 years old．可知，AGNES 的功能是让人们提前感受人老以后的实际身体状况．故选B．2．A．推理判断题．根据第二段While…young marketers never get that‘Ah ha！'momentof having difficulty opening a jar，or getting in and out of a car．That's what AGNES provides ．可知，年轻的销售人员在生活中从未感受老年人的难处．故选A．3．D．段落大意题．第三段主要介绍AGNES 这套服装是如何让人在具体部位有不舒服的感觉，感受年老以后的身体不适．故选D．4．C．推理判断题．根据倒数第二段的内容特别是By wearing the suit they could see for themselves what design and materials would make the most sense for a physically limited older person．可以看出，这些学生在研究一款新的walker，通过试穿AGNES，他们能够切身感受老年人的身体情况，从而能够确定什么样的设计和材料才最为合适，可知画线部分是指为老年人开发的一种产品．故选C．5．D．细节理解题．根据最后一段中A secondary benefit we've found with AGNES is thatit has become a powerful tool to get younger people to invest in their longterm health．可知，AGNES 还能促使年轻人注意保持身体健康．故选D．文章主要介绍了如果现在不注意锻炼身体，老了以后会怎样？穿上AGNES，现在你就可以感受到老年人的感觉．阅读理解考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力，做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择．在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．6.【答案】【小题1】C 【小题2】A 【小题3】D【解析】1．C．细节理解题．根据第六段For teenagers，the least number of sleeping hours advised by doctors are 10 hours for primary school studen ts，nine for junior highs and eight for senior highs．对于青少年来说，医生建议的最少睡眠时间是小学生10 小时，初中9 小时，高中8 小时．可知，医生建议小学生有十个小时的睡眠时间．故选C．2．A．细节理解题．根据最后一段Avoid alcohol （酒精），caffeine （咖啡因）and smoking before going to bed．可知，睡前喝一杯酒不是一个良好的睡眠习惯．故选A．3．D．细节理解题．根据第四段However，lab tests on rats have shown that lack （缺少）of sleep over about four weeks leads to a strong drop in body temperature，great weight loss and finally，death．然而，对大鼠进行的实验室测试表明，大约四周内缺乏睡眠会导致体温大幅下降，体重大幅下降，最后导致死亡．可知，实验室对大鼠的测试结果可能适用于人类．故选D．本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了有关睡眠的一些问题．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．9.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】C【解析】1．D．细节理解题．根据文章内容可知，洗澡可以帮助人们放松自己，可以让人焕然一新，可以让人们保持清洁．D．洗澡会让人紧张．不正确．故选D．2．A．细节理解题．根据第一段They use electricity or wood to boil the water．Electricity and wood cost a lot of money．可知，在许多西方国家，人们用电来煮水．故选A．3．C．细节理解题．根据第三段The bath is usually three meters wide，three meters long and about one meter deep：halfway down there is a narrow （狭窄的）seat that goes all the way around the bath．可知，公共浴池的大小是三米长，三米宽，约一米深．故选C．在许多西方国家，人们每天都不洗澡．有时他们每周只洗一次．有时他们每周洗两到三次．他们不经常洗澡，因为天气寒冷或热水很贵．他们用电或木头煮水．电力和木材花费了很多钱．在寒冷的国家，如果没有洗澡，人们通常不会觉得自己很脏．阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．12.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】D 【小题4】C【解析】（1）---（4）DADC（1）．D．细节理解题．根据全文以及常识来判断，狗是忠诚的，聪明的和乐于助人的动物，故选D．（2）．A．细节理解题．根据文章最后一句话Everyone on the bus had to smile at the intelligence （聪明）of the dog in making space for the blind man and，at the same time，making a place for himself 可知，车上的乘客看到导盲犬都笑了是因为它给主人找到座位的同时又为自己腾出了空间，很聪明！故选A．（3）．D．细节理解题．根据文章第四段第三句A seeing-eye dog is a special dog that helps blind people walk along the streets and do many other things 可知，导盲犬是经过训练用于帮助盲人的特殊的狗．故选D．（4）．C．推理判断题．根据文章第三段和第四五段的故事可知，狗虽然有时会有不礼貌的现象（比如第二段的故事中，它有逐客行为），但是总体看还是很可爱的．故选C．本文是一篇社会文化类阅读，介绍了几个关于狗狗的故事，凸显了狗狗的聪明，忠诚和乐于助人．英语阅读理解的步骤：第一遍：阅读的第一遍是非常重要的．这一遍讲究的是速度与技巧．先用最快的时间将题迅速扫一遍，了解你需要回答什么，做到一会儿阅读时心中有数．这个时候你就可以胸有成竹地进行第一遍阅读．在第一遍阅读时不要求精，只要求速度．同时在这一遍中，关于文章的主旨等宏观方面的问题就可以解决了．第二遍：这一遍是文章的精读过程，一般采用随看随做的方法，也就是说，每当你阅读完一段内容，就可以到下面去看看有没有与之相关的问题，同时趁着对该段文章的熟悉去做题．如此下去，在你精读完之后，题也就做完了．第三遍：这一遍一般放在最后的检查时阅读，一般以你的时间是否充足来决定．检查一般要注意文章的细节，不要因为疏忽出错．16.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】E 【小题4】F 【小题5】G【解析】36-40 DAEFG36．D．联系上文题．本段的小标题为Travel off-season 淡季出游，下面又具体介绍了旺季出游时花费时间和金钱较高，又有特别多的人，所以最后总结出最好找出淡季是什么时候，即在淡季出游．D 项：So it's best to find out when the off-season starts．所以最好是找出淡季开始的时间．符合文意，故D 正确．37．A．小标题选择．本段介绍了在网上预定打折酒店，住便宜的平房等住宿方面节省钱的方法，所以本段标题可以总结为在住宿方面省钱（Save on hotels．）．故A 正确．38．E．文章衔接题．根据横线前一句Why eat at big chain restaurants when you can experience something new？可知当你能够经历一些新鲜东西的时候为什么要在大的连锁酒店吃呢？E 项：Planning your meals is another way to reduce your travel costs．计划饮食也可以降低旅游开支．根据句意能够将两句前后串联．故E 项正确．39．F．语境辨析题．根据横线前所述可知旅游中花费很高，F 项：For this reason，you shouldn't feel ashamed to ask for bargains．由于这个原因，对于旅游中的便宜货不应感到羞愧．故F 正确．40．G．语境辨析题．根据标题Choose local transportation 选择当地交通可知下文应与交通有关，另外还提到了这个篇文章的主题，即避免出租车，因为他们昂贵．故G 正确．本文属于说明文，描述了暑假期间如何在旅游途中节省钱的几条建议．1、淡季出游；2、住宿方面省钱；3、计划饮食；4、学会讨价还价；5、选择当地交通．七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子．解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子．21.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题6】B 【小题2】C【小题7】D【小题3】A【小题8】C【小题4】B【小题9】A【小题5】A【小题10】B【小题11】C 【小题12】B 【小题13】C 【小题14】D 【小题15】C【小题16】A 【小题17】D 【小题18】D 【小题19】B 【小题20】A【解析】36．D 根据上下文，根据下文作者七岁时拍的照片，一个面带微笑的女孩，可知答案为D．不照应下文容易错选C 和D，因为希望和梦想也能照亮寒冷的冬日．37．C 考查动词词义辨析prevent 阻止，预防；treat 治疗，对待；develop 发展，患有；discover 发现，句意：那时候作者患有强迫症，一小时洗十次手．可知答案为C．38．A 考查动词词义辨析check 检查，核对；fix 安装；touch 触摸；test 测试．句意：作者患有强迫症，不断地检查厨房的炉子，来确保关掉．可知答案为A．39．B 根据上下文，作症者的强迫导致抑郁症，不再是曾经的那个快乐的女孩．可知答案为B．40．A 考查动词词义admit 承认；suggest 建议；show 表明；reply 回答，根据后文，作者的妈妈带她去看医生，可知作者想妈妈承认了患有抑郁症和强迫症．可知答案为A．41．B 根据上下文，根据下文，几个月期间，药确实帮助了强迫症，可知是开始吃药．答案为B．42．D 考查名词词义辨析response 反应，回应；entrance 入口；solution 方法，方案．作者认为自杀是解决抑郁问题的唯一途径，可知答案为D．43．C 考查动词词义辨析post 寄信；copy 抄写；finish 结束；revise 修改．根据上文，作者决定写一封自杀信，当她快写完的时候，目光落在一张照片上．可知答案为C．44．A 考查名词词义picture 图片，照片；figure 人物，数字；model 模型；shadow 影子．根据上文的photo 可知改选picture．故答案为A45．B 考查动词词义辨析explain 解释；realize 意识到；question 质疑；describe 描述．句意：作者花了几分钟的时间才意识到照片上的女孩是谁．可知答案为B．46．C 细节理解题message，启示，信息，根据上文，小时候的面带微笑的照片给了自己一个启示：曾经自己是一个坚强的女孩，必须再次变成那样．可知答案为C．47．B 根据上下文根据句意：曾经我是一个坚强的小女孩，我必须再次变得坚强．可知答案为B．48．C 考查动词词义辨析advise 建议；doubt 怀疑；proomise 承诺，答应；imagine想象．句意：作者撕碎自杀的信并且承诺不仅依靠药物而且要用精神同抑郁作斗争．可知答案为C．49．D 考查动词词义辨析reject 拒绝，摒弃；recall 回忆；replace 替代；rediscover 再次发现，句意：自从再次发现自我已经两年了．可知答案为D．50．C 考查动词词义辨析risk 冒险；abandon 抛弃，放弃；ruin 毁掉；waste 浪费，作者痊愈的原因是采取行动并且拒绝让抑郁毁掉自己的生活．可知答案为C．51．A 考查名词词义lesson 功课，教训；skill 技能；class 班级；experience 经历，经验．根据语境：作者从对抑郁的斗争中学到了终生的教训，永不放弃．可知答案为A．52．D 考查动词词义escape 逃跑；quit 停止，放弃；recover 恢复；surviver 熬过，挺过，根据下文，我就是活的证据可知作者要表达：每个人一生中都会遇到挑战，但是每个人都能挺过来的．可知答案为D．53．D 根据上下文联系上文，作者在谈论同抑郁作斗争的感悟：每个人一生中都有挑战，但是每个人都能挺过来．可知作者此处是说，她已经为生活可能带给他她的任何挑战做好了准备．答案为D．54．B 考查动词短语come up to 走近，靠近；look up to 尊重；make up 编造，弥补；add up to 总计达．根据句意：为了力量，我有一个榜样要尊重．可知答案为B．55．A 考查介词over 在期间，而through 是度过．作者的榜样指导她度过人生．结合语境和选项中的介词的意思可知答案为A．作者曾经患有强迫症和抑郁症，一度想自杀，但小时候的面带微笑的照片给了自己一个启示：曾经自己是一个坚强的女孩，必须再次变成那样．在同病魔作斗争的过程中得出人生感悟：每个人一生中都有挑战，但是每个人都能挺过来．完型填空，解题时首先需通读全文，理顺题意，找出信息词，建立语言的整体感．这是做好完型填空题的关键．其次细读首尾，推测意图，文章的首句是全文的"窗口"，尾句是文章的总结、结论或点睛之笔．这样，通过阅读首句和尾句，就可以了解背景知识，对于空格位置的词语进行大胆分析和判断，以便揣测作者的意图，理顺思路，为后面的答题做好铺垫．最后在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，分析这一空格处在句中的地位，前后的关系和它所起的作用，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案．41.【答案】【小题2】to become 【小题3】secretly【小题4】saying【小题5】composers【小题10】popularity【小题1】an【小题6】writing 【小题7】pleased【小题8】which 【小题9】as【解析】1．an．考查不定冠词．composer 是可数名词，设空处表示"一名"，且Austrian以元音音素开头，故填an．2．to become．考查不定式作宾补的用法．want sb．to do sth．意为"想要某人做某事"．3．secretly．考查副词．设空处修饰动词studied，故填secretly．4．saying．考查非谓语动词．he 和say 是逻辑上的主谓关系，say 与gave 表示的动作同时进行，故填saying．5．composers．考查名词复数．one of 后加复数名词，表示"……之一"，故填composers．6．writing．考查动词ing 形式作宾语的用法．设空处作介词to 的宾语，故填writing．7．pleased．考查形容词．设空处在句中作表语，且表示"满意的"，故填pleased．8．which．考查关系代词．设空处为"介词+which"引导定语从句，故填which．9．as．考查介词．be known as 意为"作为……而出名"，故填as．10．popularity．考查名词．设空处作介词for 的宾语，故填popularity．本文是对一位澳大利亚轻音乐作曲家Johann Strauss 的个人简介．考查语法填空．这是高考常考题型，主要考查考生对文章整体文章的理解以及所学语法知识和语言知识，做题时要通读全文，在理解大意的基础上结合上下文完成．42.【答案】Dear Sir or Madam，I'm writing to apply for working as an intern at your charitable foundation．I'm presently a student of Senior 3．I can speak English fluently and I'm often praised for my English writing as well．Besides，I'm an active and enthusiastic person who enjoys working with different people and can adapt well to new situations．Charity is a noble cause，and I always have a strong passion for it．I believe that being an intern at your foundation will be a wonderful practice for me．I'll be willing to send you any further information if you considermy request．Thank you for your time and consideration．I look forward to your reply．Sincerely，Li Hua【解析】本文为自荐信．写作要点为：1．表达愿望；2．提供至少三条自荐理由（例如：扎实的英语功底）；3．恳请获准．考生需熟悉书信格式．考生需了解写作要点及写作意图，合理安排写作结构，平时注意积累词汇及语法知识．43.【答案】Last month，our class took part in the Campus Poetry Contest held in our school．（介绍活动的时间地点）Our headmaster announced the start of the contest and the topic-Our Colorful School Life．He also required that every class should create one poem of any length and any type and then present it in front of the whole school．We listened attentively，showing great interest．（校长宣布比赛要求）When we were back to our classroom，we discussed what to write about our poem．（高分句型一）Some of my classmates contributed brilliant ideas，others set about writing．Right after our poem was completed，we started to practice for the coming show．Everybody worked hard and did our bit．Our teacher also offered us help．（讨论诗词创作过程）Finally the big day came．The hall was full of excitement．When it was our turn，I，standing on the stage with my classmates，led the reading of our poem．（高分句型二）（比赛开始，我代表同学参赛）。

高三统一测试英语本试卷共11 页，120 分。

考试时长100 分钟。

考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

AThe International Day of Families, which was started by the United Nations in 1993, 1 (hold) on May 15 every year. The day celebrates the 2 (important) of families. It aims to deepen people’s understanding of issues 3 are related to families. With a different theme each year, the day is observed with a wide range of events that are organized at local, national and international 4 (level).BFor thousands of years, people have been trying to predict the weather. In China during the Shang Dynasty, people 5 (record) weather forecasts on animal bones and tortoise shells. Centuries later, 6 Greece, the philosopher, Aristotle wrote his theories about how weather conditions formed. Weather forecasting advanced over time, with more and more instruments used to measure temperature, humidity and air pressure. Today, satellite data and computer technology help scientists predict the weather more 7 (precise).CLast year, China started testing 5G mobile networks in several cities. The Hongkou District of Shanghai was the first to operate a 5G network. To test the network, Wu Qing, vice mayor of Shanghai, made a phone call 8 (use) a Huawei MateX, Huawei’s first 5G smartphone. According to The Telegraph, “5G is the innovation that 9 (shape) all our lives for years to come.” It is 10 (fast) and more stable than 4G, the previous generation of cellular ( 蜂窝状的) network technology.第二节完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

绝密★启用前【北京卷】2020年普通高等学校全国招生模拟考试英语本试卷共16页，共150分。

考试时长120分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：听力理解(共三节，30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

例：What is the man going to read?A．A newspaper. B．A magazine. C．A book.答案是A。

1．When will the film start?A．At 5:00. B．At 6:00. C．At 7:00.2．Which club will the man join?A．The film club. B．The travel club. C．The sports club.3．What was the weather like in the mountains yesterday?A．Sunny. B．Windy. C．Snowy.4．What does the man want to cut out of paper?A．A fish. B．A bird. C．A monkey.5．Where does the conversation most probably take place?A．In a library. B．At a bookstore. C．In a museum.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，15分）听下面4段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。

听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

2020年北京市高考英语仿真模拟试题（附答案）本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等信息填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1．What does the man want to do?A．Fly a kite．B．Go to the park．C．Play on the Internet．2．What will the girl buy this evening?A．Sunglasses．B．A scarf．C．Gloves．3．What does the man suggest the woman do?A．Take a taxi．B．Walk to the hotel．C．Ask someone else for help．4．Who is probably the woman?A．A hotel clerk．B．A police officer．C．The man's wife．5．What are the speakers mainly talking about?A．A birthday party． B．New Year's gifts．C．The man's parents．第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话。

2020西城区高三模拟测试（二）英语试题本试卷共11页，120分。

考试时长100分钟。

考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

During a trip to New York City, Alabama woman Mary Anderson ___1___ (notice) a trolley driver couldn’t see well when it was snowing. At that point, drivers had to open the window___2___ (clear) it, letting snow and rain into the vehicle. As a solution, Anderson designed and patented wood and rubber arms ___3___ would push rain and snow off the window at the pull of a lever (控制杆). But she was told her ___4___ (invent) was distracting and impractical, and she never profited from her design.【答案】1. noticed2. to clear3. that/which4. invention【解析】这是一篇记叙文。

该段落主要描写了Mary Anderson发明汽车挡风玻璃雨刮器，但被认为是不切实际的发明。

【1题详解】考查时态。

句意：在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在·在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在在。

高考英语模拟试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）A"Attention，everyone!" Miss Dalrymple looked at her class of ten-year-olds．"Today we are going to create a special card for Father's Day，which falls on this weekend．" Then she busied herself handing out the paper and art materials to her noisy pupils．They were a mixed punch．Some came from the rich side of the town，but the majorities were from parents who struggled to get jobs．So she had not been eager to carry out this activity．"Think about all the things that your dad does that make him special，" she said loudly as she approached the last table．"You can write a poem or short story thinking of the positive characteristics that make your dad special．The written part of this activity should be completed before you start to decorate your card．"Andrew looked at the blank page．He had never met，spoken to，or been hugged by his dad，so how could he write about him？Once when he was looking in his grandma's photo box，he had seen an old black and white photo but it was badly creased（弄皱）and difficult to recognize any clear features．She had quickly taken it from him and buried it deeply among the rest，never to be found again．After thinking for a while，he wrote：Dear Dad，You are a person I do not know and would probably not recognize as I only saw an old photo of you a long time ago．I think and wonder about you often，especially when I have no one to talk to about the Saturday fixtures（体育活动）．One day when I grow up I will do an Internet search to find you，but I am not sure whether I will be successful as several attempts by the Child Support Agency have not been successful．Happy Father's Day，Dad．Love，Andrew1.What did Miss Dalrymple ask her students to do？______A. Hand out the paper and art materials．B. Make a special card for their fathers．C. Make a celebration plan for Father's Day．D. Carry out a school activity on the weekend．2.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2indicate？______A. The students were not willing to finish the task．B. The students were eager to carry out the activity．C. The students didn't get along well with each other．D. The students' family conditions were quite different．3.Why did Andrew have difficulty in making a special card for his father？______A. Because he had never seen his father．B. Because his father was not a successful man．C. Because he forgot all the things his father did．D. Because he and his grandma didn't like his father．4.What can we learn from Andrew's letter？______A. Andrew's father has been dead．B. Andrew's father can't recognize him．C. Andrew is eager to meet his father．D. Andrew is sure of finding his father．BOil Painting WorkshopJan．7，2019For Ages 15 and UpBeginners Welcome! Experience Not Required!Registration （登记）Deadline -- Dec．31，2018 Class Schedule9：30-10：00 amWelcome and Registration10：00-12：00 am Painting Session12：00 am-1：00 pmLunch1：00-3：00 pm Painting Session3：00 pm Evaluation and Departure˜ InstructorJudy Moore Gist，Alexander Certified Instructor and Ross Certified Instructor，is making great efforts to give people of all ages the opportunity to experience Alexander's The Magic of Oil Painting and Bob Ross's The Joy of Painting．Both，William Alexander and Bob Ross，PBS TV hosts，have inspired thousands of first-time painters．The "wet-on-wet" technique have encouraged people of all ages to pick up a brush and put their dreams on canvas （油画布）．Judy will do the same，and you are welcome to take a class and see for yourself．At the end of just one session you will be amazed at the beautiful painting that you create in just a few hours．You will become more aware of beautiful cloud shapes and colours you ignored before．There is nothing more inspiring than seeing the beautiful scenery that you paint and others will treasure forever．For more information about Judy Moore Gist，click here．˜ Cost﹩75.00/a person．Prices include all instructor fees，materials，and lunch．If you wish to pay by check，please print the OilPaintJan．pdf printable registration form and mail it in with payment to：Holiday Lake 4H Educational Center，12674-H Camp Road，Appomattox，VA 24522．˜ Refund（退款）PolicyFull Refund：Dec．31，2018Nonrefundable：after Dec．31，2018For more information，contact Heathern Benninghove at 232-268-6777 or heathern@vt．edu．5.To attend the class，people should ______ ．A. provide a piece of paintingB. pay for it before Jan．7，2019C. learn something about the instructorD. register for it no later than Dec．31，20186."The Magic of Oil Painting" and "The Joy of Painting" are most probably ______ ．A. art worksB. TV art programsC. painting exhibitionsD. face-to-face painting courses7.The text most probably appears ______ ．A. on the InternetB. in a newspaperC. on a notice boardD. in a company brochureCA recent experiment proves that bees can save time and energy when they fly around to different flowers．Dr Nigel Raine，from the Royal Holloway University of London，has always been interested in finding out why animal behave like they do．He is also interested in bees．It was not a surprise when he and some other scientists from Queen Mary University of London discovered that bees can quickly solve a problem that takes computers many days．Flowers make pollen（花粉），and when bees visit them，they carry the pollen to other flowers．The plants need the pollen to make seeds that will grow．Dr Raine notes that we get a lot of our food from plants，so it is important to know how the bees move around and take the pollen between flowers．The scientists wanted to examine the journey that the bees take and how they save energy when they do this．They completed the experiment on the roof of Queen Mary University，using artificial flowers and a large amount of nectar，a sweet liquid produced by flowers．They taught one bee to visit all the flowers in one place at the same time．When the bee got to know the location of the flowers well，they saw how it flew around and returned home with the nectar．After this，they changed the locations of the flowers．The scientists thought the bee would follow the route it knew already．This would mean that it followed a longer route than it needed to，and so it would use more energy．They watched the bee carefully as it travelled between the flowers in their new location，and they made notes．But in the experiment，the bee changed its route and flew a shorter distance．The problem that the bee solved is similar to a maths puzzle called the ‘travelling salesman problem'．A salesman who goes to different places to sell things wants to travel the shortest distance．But he has to calculate the length of many possible routes to know which one is the shortest．A computer can calculate this but the experiment shows bees can do the same calculation quickly with a tiny brain．Scientists are very interested in how they do this．It would help us to understand how pollen is moved around．In addition，if they find this out，it could help us to improve communication networks．This might help humans to reduce traffic jams when there is an accident，for example．8.The underlined word "nectar" in the third paragraph means ______ ．A. powderB. honeyC. vitaminD. water9.The researcher's experiment found ______ ．A. bees could manage to avoid accidentsB. bees showed signs of being very intelligentC. bees could take the same route they knew beforeD. bees were faster at calculating distance than computers10.According to the last paragraph，the next step of the study is to discover how ______ ．A. pollen is moved aroundB. traffic jams can be reducedC. bees can calculate so quicklyD. communication networks are improved11.Where does this passage probably come from？______A. A novel．B. A website．C. A science magazine．D. An advertisement．DPlay time is in short supply for young children these days and the lifelong consequences for developing children can be more serious than many people realize．An article in the most recent issue of the American Journal of Play details not only how much children's play time has declined，but how this lack of play affects emotional development，leading to the rise of anxiety，depression，and problems of attention and self control．"Since about 1955，children's free play has been continually declining，at least partly because adults have applied ever-increasing control over children's activities．" says the author Peter Gray，Ph．D，Professor of Psychology at Boston College．We can describe the unstructured freely-chosen play as a testing ground for life．It provides critical life experiences without which young children cannot develop into confident and competent adults．So kids need more of it，not less．Because play is how young children learn important social and emotional skills such as sharing，cooperating，communicating，and empathizing．It helps them develop fit bodies，strong minds，and brave hearts，so they can take on new challenges and risky situations．Gray's article is meant to serve as a wake-up call regarding the effects of lost play．We must know that lack of childhood free play time is a huge loss that must be paid attention to for the sake of our children and society．But parents who keep a lookout over and disturb their children's play are a big part of the problem．It is hard to find groups of children outdoors at all，and，if you do find them，they are likely to be wearing school uniforms and following the directions of coaches while their parents dutifully watch and cheer．Actually，when children are in charge of their own play，it provides a foundation for their future mental health as older children and adults．Play gives children a chance to find and develop a connection to their own self-identified and self-guided interest．It is through play that children first learn to make decisions，solve problems，improve self-control，and follow rules．Play helps children make friends and learn to get along with each other as equals．Most importantly，play is a source of happiness．When parents realize the major role that free play can take in the development of emotionally healthy children and adults，they may wish to reassess the priorities ruling their children's lives．The needs for childcare，academic and athletic success and children's safety is important．But perhaps parents can begin to identify small changes--such as openings in the schedule，backing off from quite so many supervised （有监督的）activities，and possibly slightly less keeping watch on the playground that would start the slow returning to the direction of free，imaginative-directed play．12.What do we know from the first two paragraphs？______A. The rise of children's anxiety is more serious than people realize．B. Lack of play time leads to kids' unhealthy emotional development．C. More young children are suffering from depression due to free play．D. Playing too much leads to problems of kids' attention and self control．13.According to Peter Gray，unstructured freely-chosen play ______ ．A. is full of challenges and risky situationsB. should be balanced with adult-directed activitiesC. does harm to children's confidence and competenceD. has good effect on children's social and emotional skills14.The article is intended for ______ ．A. parentsB. teachersC. coachesD. children15.Which of the following would be the best title for the text？______A. Do Children Need More Self-guided Play？B. Are Children Interested in Guided Play？C. Can Children Guide Themselves？D. Are Children's Problems Serious？二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Self-confidence，motivation （动机），support and knowledge are the main factors determining if one succeeds or fails．Each of these factors influences our chances of success in a different way．(1) ．Lack of self-confidence is probably the most dreadful enemy of success．(2) Even the most capable person is sure to fail with such an attitude．If it is your case too，improving your self-confidence is a must．Motivation is equally as important as self-confidence．(3) You may even not try to achieve the goal that lies before you．It is important to find out what is the best motivation for you．If you have to do something that does not motivate you，just treat yourself with a reward after you succeed．Of course，this reward should consist of something that will motivate you to pursue （追求）a success．(4) While it is not a must for succeeding in your goals，a lack of support can often lead to failure．It is also true that some people cannot succeed without a proper support from their surroundings．These people often lose their motivation or worse，their self-confidence．If you know such a person，supporting him or her is a right thing to do．Also surround yourself with the right people．You will see the results soon．Pursuing realistic goals is also important for a success．You should always make sure that your goals are achievable．(5) Unrealistic goals usually lead to a fast failure and also make many people embarrassed．A．As we know，many people try but do not succeed．B．Consider all your knowledge and skills when setting up a goal．C．Motivation is something in yourself that can push you forwards．D．There are several main reasons why some people cannot succeed．E．Supportive family and collective workplace are also very important．F．Without it，you will not push yourself towards a better performance．G．Thinking you are not good enough to achieve your goals is the same as deciding that you will not succeed．16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）Running for a Dream I will never forget that November day．It was hotter than normal．This was the (21) my father and I had waited so long for，because we had been working towards this race for three years．Dozens of familiar faces from church and school flashed across my view．They had come(22) me．I saw worry and (23) on my father's face．Then the race began! For the first two and a half miles，I felt (24)．I had never before been so ready for something．The weeks leading up to the race were filled with controlled (25) and a strictdiet．My friends hadn't seen me in weeks，but they understood the(26) required to make my dream a reality．As in all of my races，I didn't(27) out in the front，I loved the pleasure of passing people as my strength overtook their premature speed．Then without warning，my strength began to decrease．Neck and neck with one of my greatest competitors，I(28) see the finish line．I had begun the final dash into(29) when my knees became weak and my legs gave way．Nothing I could do would make them (30) weight．I watched as runners rushed by me．(31) I knew my dreams of victory were destroyed，I had to finish the race．However，my legs hurt badly．With all of the(32) left in me，I got on my hands and knees and crawled （爬），inch by inch，across the finish line．Voices，both(33) and familiar，cheered me on．They gave me the courage to keep(34) until the very end．The doctors were there in seconds，but my eyes searched the crowd for him．There was only one person I wanted to(35) to．I whispered，"I'm so sorry，Dad，I'm so sorry I(36)you．"He looked at me，saying，"You could never disappoint me．Sometimes these things just(37)．All that matters is that you did your best．""But we worked so(38)．What about our dream？"He reached over for my hand and said，"Don't you know that you are my dream and it has come true？"It wasn't long before my running shoes were back on，marking a(39) path for my journey，I learned that all of the miles，the tears，the sweat，and the pain my dad and I experienced together were not for a(40)．What I realized，though，was that to him，I was the greatest prize he had ever won．21. A. dream B. weather C. result D. day22. A. for B. to C. across D. over23. A. coldness B. astonishment C. excitement D. amusement24. A. proud B. great C. nervous D. afraid25. A. programs B. studies C. instructions D. practices26. A. understood B. blamed C. criticized D. concerned27. A. look B. move C. start D. come28. A. should B. could C. must D. need29. A. relief B. spirit C. pleasure D. glory30. A. give B. feel C. hold D. add31. A. Where B. Because C. If D. Although32. A. trust B. emotion C. strength D. confidence33. A. loud B. foreign C. rough D. firm34. A. going B. running C. fighting D. training35. A. refer B. talk C. listen D. agree36. A. frightened B. disturbed C. disappointed D. bored37. A. develop B. change C. follow D. happen38. A. late B. hard C. closely D. quickly39. A. new B. near C. rough D. narrow40. A. wish B. duty C. rank D. race四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41.One morning，I was waiting at the bus stop，worried about being late for school．Therewere many people (1) （wait）at the bus stop，and some of them looked very anxious and(2) （disappoint）．When the bus finally came，we all hurried on board．I got a placenext (3) the window，so I had a good view of the sidewalk．A boy on a bike caught my attention．He (4) （ride）beside the bus and waving his arms．I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver，(5) he refused to stop (6) we reached the next stop．Still，the boy kept riding．He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting．Finally，when we came to the next stop，the boy came up to the door of the bus，and I heard an (7) （excite）conversation．Then the driver stood up and asked，"Did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？"A woman on the bus shouted，"Oh dear!It's (8) （I）．"She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully．Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy (9) ．（do），and the crowd of strangers (10) （sudden）became friendly to one another．五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共35.0分）42.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在邮件中表示，下周将到北京参加一个主题为"游学在北京" 的文化体验活动，向你咨询有关景点的信息．请给他回邮件，内容包括：1．推荐一个特色景点；2．说明理由；3．温馨提示．注意：1．词数不少于50；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．Dear Jim，Yours，Li Hua43.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华．上周你们班组织了一次去红星剧院观赏相声的活动．请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序，以"A Taste for Chinese Crosstalk"为题，写一篇英文周记，记述你们观赏并体验相声（crosstalk）的全过程．注意：词数不少于60．提示词：长袍：long gown．抖包袱：reveal the jokes．答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】D 【小题3】A 【小题4】C【解析】1．B．细节理解题．根据第一段中的"Today we are going to create a special card for Father's Day"可知，Miss Dalrymple要求孩子们为父亲们制作卡片．故选B 2．D．句意理解题．根据后面的"Some came from the rich side of the town，but the majorities were from parents who struggled to get jobs"可知，班里的孩子有的家境很好，但大多数家境都不好．由此可知，划线句子应表示：孩子们家境不一样．故选D．3．A．细节理解题．根据第四段中的"He had never met，spoken to，or been hugged by his dad，so how could he write about him？"可知，他从未见过自己的父亲，所以他不知道该写些什么．故选A．4．C．推理判断题．根据最后一段中的"I think and wonder about you often，especially when I have no one to talk to about the Saturday fixtures（体育活动）．"可知，Andrew经常想起自己的父亲，尤其是当他想和人谈谈自己的体育活动时．由此可知，他非常渴望见到自己的父亲．故选C．这是一篇记叙文．在父亲节快要到来的时候，Miss Dalrymple要求孩子们为父亲们制作卡片，写关于父亲的优点或者写首诗．Andrew从未见过自己的父亲，但是他还是给父亲写了一封信，表达了自己渴望见到父亲的心情．读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释．考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点．5.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】B 【小题3】A【解析】1． D．细节题．根据文章内容，Registration （登记）Deadline -- Dec．31，2018．．想要参加学习的报名者，最后的报名截止时间为2018年的12月31日，结合选项，故选D．2． B．细节题．根据文章内容，Judy Moore Gist，Alexander Certified Instructor and Ross Certified Instructor，is making great efforts to give people of all ages the opportunity to experience Alexander's The Magic of Oil Painting and Bob Ross's The Joy of Painting．Both，William Alexander and Bob Ross，PBS TV hosts，have inspired thousands of first-time painters．由此可知，朱迪•摩尔•吉斯特，亚历山大认证导师和罗斯认证导师，正努力让所有年龄段的人都有机会体验亚历山大的油画魔术和鲍勃•罗斯的绘画乐趣．英国广播公司电视节目主持人威廉•亚历山大和鲍勃•罗斯都激发了数千名第一次画画的灵感．由这二位人物的职业可以判断，The Magic of Oil Painting" 和"The Joy of Painting" 应该是二档电视节目，结合选项，故选B．3．A．文章来源题．根据文章内容，文章是一则广告，油漆车间招聘15岁及其以上的学徒，并对课程学习时间、学习内容以及费用等进行了介绍．以及For more information about Judy Moore Gist，click here．想要获取有关Judy Moore Gist的更多信息，请单击此处．由此可知，该文章来自于网络，故选A．本文章是一则广告，油漆车间招聘15岁及其以上的学徒并开设相应的学习课程，并对课程学习时间、学习内容以及费用等进行了介绍．做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．8.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】D 【小题3】C 【小题4】C【解析】1．B．词义猜测题．根据第二段文中"They completed the experiment on the roof of Queen Mary University，using artificial flowers and a large amount of nectar，a sweet liquid produced by flowers．"可知，"nectar" 是由花产生的一种甜的液体，由此猜测"nectar"为花蜜，故选B．2．D．推理判断题．根据第一段文中" when he and some other scientists from Queen Mary University of London discovered that bees can quickly solve a problem that takes computers many days．"以及"最后一段A computer can calculate this but the experiment shows bees can do the same calculation quickly with a tiny brain．"可知，科学家们发现蜜蜂可以很快地解决一个电脑还要花费许多天才能解决的问题，电脑可以解决的距离计算问题，蜜蜂可以很快地解决，由此推断，蜜蜂计算距离比电脑更快，故选D．3．C．推理判断题．根据最后一段中" A computer can calculate this but the experiment shows bees can do the same calculation quickly with a tiny brain．Scientists are very interested in how they do this．"可知，科学家对蜜蜂怎么计算距离这个问题很感兴趣，由此推断，下一步要去研究蜜蜂如何快速计算，故选C．4．C．推理判断题．根据文章内容，本文主要是关于Nigel Raine和其他科学家一起做的关于蜜蜂的实验研究，科学实验，由此推断本文很可能出自科学杂志，故选C．本文主要是关于Nigel Raine和其他科学家一起做的关于蜜蜂的实验研究，实验结果证明蜜蜂在飞向不同花朵时可以节省时间和精力做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择．在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断．12.【答案】【小题1】B 【小题2】D 【小题3】A 【小题4】A【解析】1．B．细节理解题．根据第一段Play time is in short supply for young children these days and the lifelong consequences for d eveloping children can be more serious than many people realize．可知，缺乏游戏时间会导致孩子不健康的情绪发展．故选B．2．D．细节理解题．根据第五段It is through play that children first learn to make decisions， solve problems， improve self-control， and follow rules． Play helps children make friends and learn to get along with eac h other as equals．可知，根据Peter Gray的说法，非结构化的自由选择的游戏对孩子的社交和情感技能有很好的影响．故选D．3．A．推理判断题．根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了关于"孩子们需要更多的自主游戏吗"的一些研究调查，表明非结构化的自由选择的游戏对孩子的社交和情感技能有很好的影响．这篇文章是给父母的．故选A．4．A．主旨大意题．阅读全文，根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了关于"孩子们需要更多的自主游戏吗"的一些研究调查，表明非结构化的自由选择的游戏对孩子的社交和情感技能有很好的影响．故选A．本文主要讲述了关于"孩子们需要更多的自主游戏吗"的一些研究调查，表明非结构化的自由选择的游戏对孩子的社交和情感技能有很好的影响．题目涉及多道细节理解题，推理判断题，主旨大意题．做题时学生应仔细阅读原文，把握文章主要内容，联系文章上下文内容并结合所给选项含义，从中选出正确答案，一定要做到有理有据，切忌胡乱猜测．16.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】G 【小题3】F 【小题4】E 【小题5】B【解析】DGFEB33．D 上下文串联题．本文2-5段分别介绍了人们无法取得成功的四个原因，所以D项："There are several main reasons why some people cannot succeed．"人们不成功有几个原因，很好地把第一段和后四段串联起来，形成总分的文章结构．故选D．34．G 联系上文题．根据前句Lack of self-confidence is probably the most dreadful enemy of success．可知缺乏自信是无法取得成功的致命敌人．说明本段讨论的是缺少自信对成功的影响，G项中"Thinking you are not good enough to achieve your goals is the same as deciding that you will not succeed．"讨论的正是自信不足的内容，符合本段中心思想．故选G．35．F 语境辨析题．根据第一句Motivation is equally as important as self-confidence可知动机和自信同样重要．动机正是推动着我们前进的动力．F项"Without it，you will not push yourself towards a better performance．"如果没有了动机，你就无法推动你自己有更好的表现．与本段的中心思想一致．故选F．36．E 联系下文题．根据横线后一句a lack of support can often lead to failure中可知缺乏支持也是失败的一个主要原因．那么本段的中心思想讨论的就是来自外界的支持对成功的重要性．故选E．37．B 上下文串联题．根据本段第一句Pursuing realistic goals is also important for a success．可知追求现实的目标很重要．横线前句You should always make sure that your goals are achievable．告诉我们要设立可以实现的很现实的目标．所以我们要考虑自己的现实情况，故选B．本文属于教育类阅读，缺乏自信是成功最可怕的敌人，认为自己不够好不能实现目标就等于宣判自己失败．文章告诉我们，如果我们要想取得成功，要有自信、动机、支持和相应的知识．对于此类题型的解答，可以将整个文段首先浏览一遍，大概理解意思．答题过程中，根据所提供的答语或是后文进行作答，同时，做题过程中也可以使用排除法，将选项带到文章中逐一的作答，答完后注意通读检查是否符合逻辑，语义顺畅．21.【答案】【小题1】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】C 【小题4】B 【小题5】D【小题6】A 【小题7】C 【小题8】B 【小题9】D 【小题10】C 【小题11】D 【小题12】C 【小题13】B 【小题14】A 【小题15】B 【小题16】C 【小题17】D 【小题18】B 【小题19】A 【小题20】D【解析】41-45 DACBD 46-50ACBDC 51-55 DCBAB 56-60 CDBAD41．D．细节理解题．根据第一句"I will never forget the November day"可知此处应使用"day"．故选D．42．A．考查介词．介词for 表"为了…"．可知此处应使用"for"．故选A．43．C．推理判断题．情感线索，结合排除法，爸爸此时的心情既担心又感到兴奋．amusement娱乐．故选C．44．B．词义辨析题．根据后一句I had never before been ready for something．所以刚开始跑的时候作者感觉很好．故选B．45．D．细节理解题．根据上下文可知，根据尝试就可以做出来，为了比赛而训练．故选D．46．A．词义辨析题．句意：我朋友们理解我为实现梦想而做出的牺牲．故选A．47．C．细节理解题．句意：在我所有的比赛中，我开始的时候并没有领先，我喜欢赶超别人．故选C．48．B．考查情态动词．could 过去的能力，句意：我能看到终点线．故选B．49．D．细节理解题．glory 光荣，荣誉．此句话意思是我要做最后的冲刺了，很快就能取得胜利的荣誉．故选D．50．C．词义辨析题．句意：我的腿不能支撑住我身体的重量．故选C．51．D．考查连词．句意：尽管我知道我已无缘夺冠，但是我还要继续完成比赛．故选D．52．C．推理判断题．句意：作者尽全力，用手和膝盖朝终点爬去．故选C．53．B．细节理解题．foreign 在这里不是国外的，是和familiar 相对，意为陌生的．故选B．54．A．推理判断题．keep going 继续保持，作者此时是爬行，所以不选running．故选A．55．B．词义辨析题．根据下一句I whisper，可知选择talk．故选B．56．C．推理判断题．根据下文"you could never disappoint me"可知此处应使用"disappointed"．故选C．57．D．细节理解题．句意：这种事难免发生，重要的是你要尽最大努力．故选D．58．B．词义辨析题．前面提到：重要的是你们尽自己最大的努力，后面回答：但是我们已经很努力了．work hard 努力工作，其他选项不符句意．故选B．59．A．推理判断题．句意：没过多久我又穿上了跑鞋，开始了一段新的征程．故选A．60．D．细节理解题．此句是文章的升华，把race 上升到人生高度．故选D．本文是一篇记叙文．文章主要介绍了作者在一次赛跑中腿部受伤仍坚持爬过终点线，从而对人生有了更深刻的感悟．完形填空题旨在考察学生综合运用语言知识的能力．做此题时必须通篇考虑，先掌握大意，再综合运用所学词汇、语法及常识进行推理判断．通读全文，了解大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，充分利用各种线索答．千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致，选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．这篇完型要多注意：填空时多联系上下文，注意固定搭配如keep going等．答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．41.【答案】【小题1】waiting 【小题2】disappointed【小题3】to【小题4】wasriding【小题5】but【小题6】until 【小题7】excited【小题8】me/mine【小题9】haddone【小题10】suddenly【解析】41．waiting 考查现在分词．people和wait之间是主动关系，用现在分词短语waiting at the bus stop作后置定语．42．disappointed 考查过去分词．and是并列连词，它前后连接两个相同的语法成分，anxious和disappointed都是形容词作表语．43．to 考查介词．next to…意为"邻近；紧靠"，为固定用法．44．was riding 考查动词时态．根据句意：他正在汽车旁边骑着车．用一般过去进行时．45．but 考查连词．前后两个分句之间是转折关系，用连词but．46．until 考查连词．根据句意：他拒绝停车，直到我们到了下一个车站．用连词until．47．excited 考查过去分词．根据句意：我听到一段两人很激动的对话．过去分词转换的形容词常常修饰人或者与人有关的事物．48．me/mine 考查代词．根据句意：司机站起来问："谁在上个车站丢了一个手提包？"车上一个女喊道："天哪！"接起来，她应该是说包是她的．根据这个语境，填入me或者名词性物主代词mine．49．had done 考查动词时态．句意：汽车上的人开始（began）讨论男孩做过的事情．began 为过去时，男孩"做过"是在讨论之前，即"过去的过去"，用过去完成时态．50．suddenly 考查副词．become是动词，要用副词修饰．本文主要讲述了一个男孩骑车追赶公交车送行人丢失的行李箱的故事．在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词．要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充．考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容．答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境．42.【答案】One possible version：Dear Jim，Nice to hear from you and welcome to Beijing for your trip!Since your trip is focused on Chinese culture， I think The Forbidden City is an ideal destinat ion for you．（高分句型一）（推荐一个特色景点） It is known for its long history dating back 600 years and its amazing buildings with roy al characteristics． Besides that， you can enjoy varieties of treasures in the museum． I beli eve you will have a rewarding experience there．（说明理由）One more thing I want to remind you is thatyou are supposed to bring some thick clothes with you to keep warm since Beijing is in winte r now．（高分句型二）（温馨提示）If you have any other questions， do let me know．Yours，Li Hua【解析】Since your trip is focused on Chinese culture， I think The Forbidden City is an ideal destinat ion for you．（高分句型一）句中Since 引导原因状语从句既然你的旅行是以中国文化为中心的，我认为紫禁城是你理想的目的地．One more thing I want to remind you is thatyou are supposed to bring some thick clothes with you to keep warm since Beijing is in winte r now．（高分句型二）句中thatyou are supposed to bring some thick clothes with you to keep warm since Beijing is in winte r now是表语从句还有一件事我要提醒你，因为北京现在是冬天，你应该带一些厚衣服来保暖．英语写作是一项主观性较强的测试题．它不仅考查学生的写作基础而且还考查学生在写作过程中综合运用语言的能力．在撰写时要注意主谓语一致，时态呼应，用词贴切等．要提高英语写作水平，需要两方面的训练：一是语言基础方面的训练，要有扎实的造句、翻译等基本功，即用词法、句法等知识造出正确无误的句子；二是写作知识和能力方面。

高考英语一模试卷题号I II III IV V 总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AAmsterdam Destination GuideAmsterdam is one of the most popular travel destinations in the world，famous for its beautiful canals，top art museums，cycling culture and so on．It is the capital and most populous city in the Netherlands and often referred to as the "Venice of the North" because of its expansive system of bridges and canals．Here are some of the key points to remember as you plan your trip to Amsterdam．Boom Season Population Language（s） Currency JanuaryClimateJulyClimateMay to October 813，562 Dutch Euro Averagehigh：5.8°CAveragehigh：22.0°CMust-See AttractionsMost visitors begin their Amsterdam adventure in the Old Centre，which is full of traditional architecture，shopping centers，and coffee shops．You'll also want to check out Amsterdam's Museum Quarter in the South District，which is great for shopping at the Albert Cuyp Market and having a picnic in the Vondelpark．The top museums to visit there are the Rijksmusuem，the Ann Frank House，and the Van Gogh Museum．If You Have TimeThere are several other unique districts in Amsterdam，and you should try to explore as many of them as time allows．The Canal Ring is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that was originally built to attract wealthy home owners and is a center for celebrity spotting and nightlife today．The Plantage area has most of the city's museums，including the Jewish Historical Museum，the Scheepvaart Museum，and the botanical gardens．Money Saving TipsUnless you really want to see the tulips （郁金香）blooming，avoid booking between mid-March and mid-May．This is when hotel and flight prices rise．Look for accommodations in Amsterdam's South District，where rates are generally cheaper than in the city center．Buy train tickets at the machine instead of the counter to save a bit of money．Instead of hiring a tour guide，hop on a canal boat．They're inexpensive and will give you a unique point of view of the city．Check out our homepage to view price comparisons for flights，hotels，and rental cars before you book．1.What can be learned about Amsterdam from this passage？______A. Amsterdam is called the "Venice of the North" because of its location．B. The Van Gogh Museum lies in Amsterdam's Museum Quarter．C. The Old Centre is a UNESCO World Heritage Site．D. The Canal Ring is a place to attract garden lovers．2.In order to save money in Amsterdam，you can ______ ．A. arrange a guided canal tourB. buy train tickets at the counterC. reserve a hotel in the South DistrictD. book flights between mid-March and mid-May3.Where is the passage most probably taken from？______A. A magazine．B. An essay．C. A report．D. A website．BThree months after Hurricane Katrina in 2005，Rebecca Sell，then 24，a photojournalist for Fredericksburg photographed a New Orleans couple worriedly examining water-spotted photo albums．As she took the photo，something within her clicked．"I told them I could take the ruined pictures，copy them and give them digitally restored （修复）photos，" she recalls．Although a bit sceptical，the couple agreed．Rebecca took their photos home，restored them and took them to the couple at their temporary home．"It felt so good to be able to do that for them，" says Rebecca．When her editor，Dave Ellis，saw the photo of the couple，he suggested they go back and restore damaged photos for even more people．So in January 2006，with paid time off from the paper，the two set up shop in Pass Christian．After posting a notice in the community newsletter，Rebecca and Dave received 500 photos in four days．For each，the pair took a new digital picture，then used high-tech software to erase water spots and restore colors．It just so happened that a popular website linked to Dave's blog about the experience，and soon Operation Photo Rescue，as it came to be known，had emails from hundreds of volunteers，including photographers and restoration experts，eager to help．Though digital restoration is a painstaking process，mending irreplaceable family pictures means the world to victims like Emily Lancaster，71，who took out piles of ruined photo albums after Katrina，never thinking the mess could be saved．But she just couldn't bear to part with a few treasured pictures，including a portrait of her father，who had passed away，and a photo of her husband as a boy．Then she heard about Operation Photo Rescue．"I didn't have a whole lot of hope they could fix them，but they did，" Emily says．"Almost every day I think about all the pictures I've lost．I'm so happy to have these two．"In the five years since Katrina，Operation Photo Rescue has collected thousands of pictures ruined by floods，hurricanes and tornadoes．Volunteers make "copy runs" to disaster areas across the country to gather damaged photos from survivors；operating costs are covered by donations．"It's great to be able to give people some of their history back，" says Rebecca．"One person told me that thanks to us，her grandmother got to see her photos again before she passed away．Moments like that remind me why I do this．"4.When Rebecca took the picture of the New Orleans couple，she decided to ______ ．A. take them to their temporary homeB. help with their damaged photosC. set up shop in Pass ChristianD. cover Hurricane Katrina5.From Paragraph 2，we know that Dave and Rebecca ______ ．A. quit their jobs in 2006B. inspired volunteers to join themC. spent four days mending the photosD. made their work known in their newspaper6.How did Emily Lancaster feel when she first heard about Operation Photo Rescue？______A. Excited．B. Hopeless．C. Satisfied．D. Sceptical．7.What is the best title for the passage______A. Surviving HurricanesB. An Act of GenerosityC. Saving MemoriesD. A Lucky CoupleCLike many other people who speak more than one language，I often have the sense that I'm a slightly different person in each of my languages-more confident in English，more relaxed in French，more emotional in Czech．Is it possible that，along with these differences，my moral compass （指南针）also points in somewhat different directions depending on the language I'm using at the time？Psychologists who study moral judgments have become very interested in this question．The findings of several recent studies suggest that when people are faced with moral dilemmas （困境），they do indeed respond differently when considering them in a foreign language than when using their native tongue．In a 2014 paper led by Albert Costa，volunteers were presented with a moral dilemma known as the "trolley problem"：imagine that a runaway trolley is moving quickly toward a group of five people standing on the tracks，unable to move．You are next to a switch that can move the trolley to a different set of tracks，therefore sparing the five people，but resulting in the death of one who is standing on the side tracks．Do you pull the switch？Most people agree that they would．But what if the only way to stop the trolley is by pushing a large stranger off a footbridge into its path People tend to be very hesitant to say they would do this，even though in both situations，one person is sacrificed to save five．But Costa and his colleagues found that presenting the dilemma in a language that volunteers had learned as a foreign tongue dramatically increased their stated willingness to push the sacrificial person off the footbridge，from fewer than 20% of respondents working in their native language to about 50% of those using the foreign one．Why does it matter whether we judge morality in our native language or a foreign one？According to one explanation，such judgments involve two separate and competing ways of thinking-one of these，a quick，natural "feeling，" and the other，careful deliberation about the greatest good for the greatest number．When we use a foreign language，we unconsciously sink into the more careful way simply because the effort of operating in ournon-native language signals our cognitive （认知的）system to prepare for difficult activity．An alternative explanation is that differences arise between native and foreign tongues because our childhood languages are filled with greater emotions than are those learned in more academic settings．As a result，moral judgments made in a foreign language are less filled with the emotional reactions that surface when we use a language learned in childhood．There's strong evidence that memory connects a language with the experiences and interactions through which that language was learned．For example，people who are bilingual （双语的）are more likely to recall an experience if reminded in the language in which that event occurred．Our childhood languages，learned in the middle of passionate emotion，become filled with deep feeling．By comparison，languages acquired late in life，especially if theyare learned through limited interactions in the classroom or dully delivered over computer screens and headphones，enter our minds lacking the emotionality that is present for their native speakers．8.What does "this question" in Paragraph 2 refer to？A. What contributes to one's language improvements______B. Is it necessary to learn more than one foreign language？C. Does the language one uses influence one's moral judgmentsD. How do people deal with moral dilemmas in a foreign language？9.When the "trolley problem" was presented in a foreign language，volunteers were morelikely to ______ ．A. care less about the five peopleB. pull the switch to the side tracksC. remain hesitant about what to doD. sacrifice the stranger on the footbridge10.The underlined word in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to ______ ．A. considerationB. guidanceC. selectionD. arrangement11.What can we learn from the last two paragraphs？______A. Bilingual people are less emotional than others．B. Native language learning involves greater emotions．C. Childhood memories limit foreign language learning．D. Academic settings promote foreign language learning．DWe talk continuously about how to make children more "resilient （有恢复力的）"，but whatever we're doing，it's not working．Rates of anxiety disorders and depression are rising rapidly among teenagers．What are we doing wrong？Nassim Taleb invented the word "antifragile" and used it to describe a small but very important class of systems that gain from shocks，challenges，and disorder．The immune （免疫的）system is one of them：it requires exposure to certain kinds of bacteria and potential allergens （过敏原）in childhood in order to develop to its full ability．Children's social and emotional abilities are as antifragile as their immune systems．If we overprotect kids and keep them "safe" from unpleasant social situations and negative emotions，we deprive （剥夺）them of the challenges and opportunities for skill-building they need to grow strong．Such children are likely to suffer more when exposed later to other unpleasant but ordinary life events，such as teasing and social rejection．It's not the kids' fault．In the UK，as in the US，parents became much more fearful in the 1980s and 1990s as cable TV and later the Internet exposed everyone，more and more，to those rare occurrences of crimes and accidents that now occur less and less．Outdoor play and independent mobility went down；screen time and adult-monitored activities went up．Yet free play in which kids work out their own rules of engagement，take small risks，and learn to master small dangers turns out to be vital for the development of adult social and even physical competence．Depriving them of free play prevents their social-emotional growth．Norwegian play researchers Ellen Sandseter and Leif Kennair warned："We may observe an increased anxiety or mental disorders in society if children are forbidden from participating in age adequate risky play．"They wrote those words in 2011．Over the following few years，their prediction came true．Kids born after 1994 are suffering from much higher rates of anxiety disorders and depression than did the previous generation．Besides，there is also a rise in the rate at whichteenage girls are admitted to hospital for deliberately harming themselves．What can we do to change these trends？How can we raise kids strong enough to handle the ordinary and extraordinary challenges of life We can't guarantee that giving primary school children more independence today will bring down the rate of teenage suicide tomorrow．The links between childhood overprotection and teenage mental illness are suggestive but notclear-cut．Yet there are good reasons to suspect that by depriving our naturally antifragile kids of the wide range of experiences they need to become strong，we are systematically preventing their growth．We should let go-and let them grow．12.Why does the author mention the immune system in Paragraph 2？______A. To stress its importance．B. To analyze the cause of anxiety．C. To question the latest discovery．D. To help understand a new word．13.Parents overprotect children because ______ ．A. they are concerned about their children's safetyB. they want to keep children from being teasedC. parent-monitored activities are a mustD. children are not independent enough14.According to the author，free play can ______ ．A. promote children's resilienceB. strengthen children's friendshipC. reduce children's risky behaviorD. develop children's leadership skills15.Which of the following does the author probably agree with？______A. Stop trying to perfect your child．B. It takes great courage to raise children．C. Prepare the child for the road，not the road for the child．D. While we try to teach our children all about life，our children teach us what life is allabout．二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Today's students are surrounded by information．The ability to figure out exactly why authors write-and not accept every opinion as fact-is a key skill．(1) The following strategies teach them how to figure out why authors really write．Start with why．"Why did the author write this piece？" is the key question asked to identify author's purpose．To help students expand their understanding of "why，" post various types of nonfiction （an advertisement，opinion article，news article，etc．）around your classroom and have students quickly identify a purpose for each．(2)Talk about structure．Authors use different structures for different purposes．For example，one author may use time order to explain an event，while another author uses compare and contrast to put that event into context．(3) Often when authors write，they're trying to get readers to feel a certain way．Perhaps the author of an article about whale conservation wants readers to feel sad about the difficult situation of whales．Or the author of a letter may want to make the recipient feel better about a situation．After students read a text，stop and ask：How do you feel？And how did the author get you to feel this wayConnect it to students' own writing．It doesn't have to be said that writing and reading go hand in hand．(4) When students are asked to write about a topic that they think everyone should know about，to explain a procedure or to share a personal memory，they'll become moreconscious of how authors approach writing．Observe how purpose changes within a text．Author's purpose is often studied through the text as a whole，but authors have different reasons for writing within texts as well．(5) Then，they may launch into a list of facts that make the reader feel discouraged about the situation．And finally，they may conclude with an appeal．Take a short article and break it apart，identifying the different purposes so that students see how author's purpose changes as they read．A．Get to the heart．B．Identify the topic．C．The readers may get more advanced in their work with informational text．D．For example，an author may include a funny anecdote （轶事）to draw the reader in．E．In particular，they'll need to figure out author's purpose and draw their own conclusions．F．Expand students' awareness of why people write by having them write for different purposes．G．Or keep a running Author's Purpose board with a list of the various reasons that authors write．16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）We first met Tom and Gee in the early days of our marriage．Someone had been (21) our garbage cans to the garage each garbage day，and Jim and I had wondered (22)．Then one day we (23) him：an elderly man who lived across the street．I baked cookies and left them on a chair outside the garage (24) a thank-you note．When we got home from work that day， a typed letter had replaced the (25)．The letter was from Tom and explained how he had come to (26) the neighborhood on garbage day，returning cans for people he (27) knew．Back when he'd been fighting a war I wasn't alive to see，his young wife，Gee，had found herself living alone．Neighbors had taken the time to (28) her garbage cans so (29) didn't have to，and he (30) forgot．Now he paid it forward by doing the same for all of us．A few years after we'd moved in，Tom died．We photocopied that letter and (31) it to one of our own for Gee．We told her how (32) Tom had been to us，how sad we felt sorry for her，how thankful we were to have (33) him．She wrote back and told us she still talked to Tom every day．These days，we're planning a (34)．The house that seemed so huge six years ago is filled with furniture and books and toys and，of course，people．We know it's time to go，and (35) we can't seem to stick the For Sale sign up on the lawn．Gaining a third bedroom sometimes seems like an awful trade for all we stand to (36)．It's not just Gee．It's the man who lets our kids pick peaches off the tree in his front yard．It's the ladies who (37) Jim when their pool filter （过滤器）breaks and leave overflowing baskets for our kids on Easter．It's the police officer living directly across from us，who smiles andwaves and makes me feel a little (38) when Jim is away．The moving boxes are still neatly packed in our basement，but Jim and I agree to (39) until January．Maybe before leaving I'll talk to Tom，just as Gee still does．Thank you，I'll say，for teaching us what it means to be a (40)．21. A. lifting B. returning C. delivering D. fixing22. A. who B. what C. how D. why23. A. visited B. caught C. spotted D. followed24. A. in B. for C. to D. with25. A. gift B. chair C. garbage D. cake26. A. protect B. search C. walk D. greet27. A. only B. barely C. nearly D. surely28. A. handle B. change C. recycle D. open29. A. they B. we C. he D. she30. A. never B. always C. sometimes D. seldom31. A. wrapped B. connected C. attached D. exposed32. A. special B. hopeful C. powerful D. lucky33. A. contacted B. remembered C. known D. understood34. A. party B. trip C. meeting D. move35. A. also B. yet C. then D. therefore36. A. win B. lose C. fail D. save37. A. help B. treat C. charge D. call38. A. stronger B. happier C. safer D. firmer39. A. plan B. wait C. prepare D. talk40. A. husband B. friend C. couple D. neighbor四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41. A I often help my mom cook and baked chicken is my favorite thing to make．One day，when mom was sick，I tried to make the chicken all by myself．I washed the chicken and put it in a pan in the oven (1) （bake）．When the bell rang to tell me the chicken was done，I opened the oven door．Guess what？The chicken was not cooked! I started to laugh．I forgot to turn (2) the oven! Did you know what I did next？I (3) （order）pizza．Mom was happy I "cooked" by myself and we could eat the pizza together．B Chocolate was first used as a drink over 3，500 years ago in Central America．It wasvery popular with the Mayans and the Aztecs．In fact，cocoa beans were very important to people there．That was (4) they were used as money．In the beginning，cocoa (5) （plant）in Ecuador，which was，for a long time，the world's number-one producer of cocoa beans．It is still one of the top (6) （producer）of the beans，but nowadays more than 70 per cent of cocoa beans come from West Africa．C Wallace's giant bee is the world's (7) （large）bee，with a body the size of a humanthumb and wings that can spread to about 2.5 inches．That may sound (8) （frighten），but the bee isn't likely to hurt anyone．It uses its large jaws （嘴）to collect a sticky goo，called resin，from trees．The bee (9) （make）its home in termite mounds （白蚁丘）found on trees，using the resin to protect its nest from the termites．Until recently，the bee had been seen by scientists only (10) （two），once in 1868 and again in 1981．五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共35.0分）42.你的英国朋友Jim对你们学校的学生社会实践活动非常感兴趣．他来信希望你介绍这方面的有关情况．请你给他回信，内容包括：1．学校有哪些社会实践活动；2．你最喜欢哪一类活动；3．喜欢的原因．注意： 1．词数不少于50；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．提示词：社会实践活动 extracurricular activityDear Jim，Yours，Li Hua43.假设你是红星中学高三年级学生李华．请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记录上周你制作以 "我眼中的改革开放40年"为主题的小报的全过程．注意：词数不少于60．提示词：改革开放四十年 40 years of China's reform and opening-up改革开放四十周年展览exhibition commemorating the 40th anniversary of China's reform and opening-up答案和解析1.【答案】略【解析】BCD4.【答案】略【解析】BBDC8.【答案】略【解析】CDAB12.【答案】略【解析】DAAC16.【答案】略【解析】=46．E 47．G 48．A 49．F 50．D21.【答案】略【解析】第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1．（5分），共30分）=11．B12．A13．C14．D 15．A=16．C17．B 18．A19．D20．A=21．C22．A 23．C 24．D 25．B=26．B27．D28．C29．B30．D41.【答案】略【解析】=1．to bake2．on3．ordered 4．why 5．was planted =6．producers 7．largest8．frightening 9．makes 10．twice42.【答案】第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）One possible version：Dear Jim，I'm happy to hear that you're interested in the extracurricular activities organized by our scho ol． Now， I'd like to give you more details．A variety of activities have been organized， such as visiting Capital Museum， taking a fiel d trip to Qufu， Shandong， home of Confucius， planting trees in Mangshan Park and lear ning to bake a cake in a pastry shop， just to name a few．The activities mentioned above are quite popular with students． My favorite kind of activity is field trips． I went to Qufu in Senior One and Hangzhou in Senior Two． Both trips deepl y impressed me． The reasons why I like field trips are as follows． First， field trips offer me a good chance to broaden my horizons． As the Chinese saying goes： "It is better to tra vel ten thousand miles than to read ten thousand books．" Not only can I learn from locals an d my own experiences， but also I can see with my own eyes our beautiful country and splen did culture． Second， field trips improve my research skills． Before we take field trips，we are always asked to prepare by searching online or in the library for useful information．Third， field trips help strengthen friendships． Since many of the field trips last several days， it is a good opportunity to bond with classmates better outside the classroom．I really hope that you can go on a field trip with us in the future．YoursLi Hua【解析】略43.【答案】第二节（20分）One possible version：Last week I participated in a school activity about making a poster entitled "40 years of China's reform and opening-up in my eyes"．On Friday evening， I was wondering what topic to choose for my poster． Many ideas pop ped into my head like "transportation"， "environment"， but I finally decided on "great cha nges in my home"． Immediately I turned to my parents for help． Hearing that， they took out some photo albums and began their talk． Mom told me about what our home looked like twenty years ago while dad showed me some photos taken at that time． It was the first time I had seen an old-fashioned electric fan and tape recorder． Seeing my curious expression，my parents suggested a visit the next day to the exhibition commemorating the 40th anniversa ry of China's reform and opening-up．At the exhibition， we were amazed by the brilliant achievements made in the past four deca des． In the daily life area， what attracted me most was the evolution of electric appliances ， especially TV sets， from the clumsy small ones to the modern high-tech ones． Dad poi nted at one TV， saying his family had a similar one when he was a kid． Considering these TVs could be used on my poster， I took some photos． With all the material collected， I g ot down to my poster， on which I wrote about the great changes in my home and also includ ed some pictures．My home is just one example． I am sure lots of Chinese families resemble mine， benefitin g from China's reform and opening-up． How proud I feel about the great changes!【解析】略。

高考英语一模试卷题号I II III IV V总分得分一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AThe Perfect Sleep Chair is designed to be the most comfortable recliner chair．Whether you are sitting upright，relaxing in your favorite TV viewing position，or lying completely flat for sleeping，it's like being on a cloud．A cloud that has built-in heat and massage settings to match your own personal comfort level．It even has a battery backup in case of a power cut．With Perfect Sleep Chair，there's a perfect position for everybody，even those that prefer to lie flat but want the additional support that most mattresses（垫子）don't provide．At the touch of a button，the Perfect Sleep Chair gently lifts you to an almost standing position so you can get back on your feet with ease．Some owners use this feature daily，while others use it when recovering from an illness．Time and time again，our customers tell us they are tired of having to replace their recliners due to quality issues．We hear you! That is why the Perfect Sleep Chair is handmade in the USA using quality hardwoods and only the highest quality upholster（垫衬物）．Each chair is carefully crafted by workers and not just a bunch of robots．Every chair structure is guaranteed for life and the electronic components are generously warranted for three years．Simply put，it's the highest quality chair on the market-but it doesn't end there…When you purchase the Perfect Sleep Chair，you'll get your choice of cloth and colors!You'll also receive White Glove Delivery．Professionals will carry the chair to the exact spot in your home where you want it，unpack it，inspect it，test it，position it，and even take the packaging away!To ensure that your product and purchase process is of the highest quality，our customer service team is here to answer any question，five days a week，from 9 a．m．to 8 p．m．Please call us at 800-958-8324．1.According to the advertisement，Perfect Sleep Chair ______ ．（事实信息）A. helps detect illnessesB. supports various body positionsC. comes with an additional mattressD. adjusts its temperature accordingly2.What is the key feature of Perfect Sleep Chair introduced in Paragraph 3？（推理判断）______A. It is safe．B. It is lasting．C. It is portable．D. It is comfortable．3.What service can customers receive？______A. Home delivery．B. Free replacement．C. A 24-hour hotline．D. A money-back guarantee．BIn the short time Steve and Zach had been inside their tent packing their tools，wind-blown flame had skipped from the top of one tree to another．The long dry summer had turned the forest into a tinderbox．"Let's go! We can make it back to the river we crossed today!" Steve kept Brady on the lead and their heads down against the fire-wind．But Brady barked a sharp warning．Ahead of them lay a thick curtain of smoke across the track．They would never make it through that．The dog was pulling at his lead trying to draw them away from the smoke，and yet Steve was uneasy．It seemed to him that they were moving away from the river．Suddenly，Zach cried．"Zach!" Steve shouted．"Are you OK？Where are you？" Then Brady pulled Steve down a sharp slope（坡）．At its base，Zach was rubbing his ankle．As Steve helped his friend to his feet，Brady lifted his head and snuffed（嗅）thesmoke-laden wind．Next moment，the dog bounded away and disappeared．The boys shouted for him，but he didn't come back．Steve couldn't blame Brady for panicking．He himself wanted to run even though he didn't have a clue which way．Steve and Zach hadn't gone far when there was a familiar bark，and Brady came bounding，stopped directly in front of Steve and hit him with his head，pushing him back toward the slope they'd just climbed．But Steve didn't get it．Then Brady grabbed the boy's jeans and started pulling．The message was clear，but Steve hesitated．Of course he remembered Brady saving his uncle's life when the dog was much younger．Was he still sharp enough to get them through this？Nearby，a pine went up in a whoosh of smoke．Brady pulled again，urgently．"OK，big guy，" Steve gritted（咬紧牙关）．Brady led them back down the slope and into the trees．Not far from them fire was touching underbrush．Several times the big dog stopped．Often he changed directions．Steve was so tired that he just wanted to rest，but Brady wouldn't have it．The dog bullied both boys to go on．How long they'd walked Steve had no idea．He was almost numb when he heard it-the wonderful sound of rushing water!4.What happened to Steve and Zach at first？______A. They got injured．B. They lost their dog．C. They were trapped．D. They became separated．5.Brady ran away to ______ ．A. seek helpB. find a way outC. rescue ZachD. escape for life6.How did Steve feel after Brady pulled his jeans？______A. Uneasy．B. Impatient．C. Numb．D. Uncertain．7.The passage basically describes ______ ．A. an adventureB. an explorationC. an escape gameD. a training programCMost groups of plants and animals are richer in species and more plentiful near the equator．In the ocean，that holds true for cold-blooded predators（掠食者）．But warm-blooded predators are more diverse toward the poles and noticeably missing from several warm hot spots．Why？John Grady，an ecologist，and his team considered the possibility-warm-blooded animals need a lot to fuel their metabolism（新陈代谢）．Perhaps colder waters are just richer in small fish？But they found that at higher，colder places，there isn't actually much more food around．It's more that warm-blooded animals are eating a much bigger share of it than their cold-blooded competitors．The real explanation is simple．An animal's speed，swiftness，and intelligence depend on its metabolism，which in turn depends on its temperature．Since birds and mammals can keep heating their bodies in icy conditions，they remain fast and attentive．By contrast，the fish they hunt become slower and duller．At some tipping point of temperature，seals，dolphins，and penguins start outswimming their prey（猎物）．They become more likely to come upon targets and outpace the cold-blooded predators of their own．In Grady's words，"Warm-bodied predators are favoured where preys are slow，stupid and cold．" That's why sharks and other predatory fish dominate near the equator，but colder waters are the kingdom of whales and seals．By keeping food to themselves in the poles，these creatures can then specialize on specific types of prey，which makes them more likely to split into separate species．The killer whales of the North Pacific，for example，include mammal-eating transients and fish-eating，year-round residents．But the world is changing．It's likely that the surface of the oceans will warm by 2 to 3℃within this century．Grady's team estimates that every time the ocean's surface warms by 1℃，populations of sea mammals will fall by 12%，and populations of seals and sea lions will fall by 24%．But "predictions are hard，" Donna Hauser from the University of Alaska Fairbanks notes．"Polar bears are losers of a warming world，but some populations are still doing well．Some groups of whales have changed the timing of their migrations；others are hunting in deeper，colder waters．These changes might make sea mammals more adaptable to changing climates ．Maybe they just need to find the places where fish remain slow，stupid and cold．"8.Why are there more types of warm-blooded predators near the poles？______A. Because there is more food．B. Because there are fewer enemies．C. Because they are faster and wiser．D. Because they consume less energy．9.The author mentions the killer whales to show ______ ．A. the benefit of biological evolutionB. food preference of different sea mammalsC. the distinction of specific types of predatorsD. the advantage of constant body temperature10.What is Donna Hauser's attitude towards the future of the sea mammals？______A. Positive．B. Negative．C. Neutral．D. Sceptical．11.Which is the best title for the passage？______A. Are the Poles Heaven for Sea Predators？B. How Do Sea Mammals Track Their Prey？C. Why Do the Warm-Blooded Like Food Cold？D. Is the World Too Hot for the Warm-Blooded？DLast fall，I happened to overhear a student telling the others he had decided not to sign up for an introductory philosophy course．The demands of his major，he said seriously，meant he needed to take "practical" courses，and "enlightenment" would simply have to wait．For now，employability was the most important．The students' conversation fits into a larger alarming narrative about the role of the humanities in higher education．In a time of dizzying technological achievement and of rapid scientific innovation，sceptics of the humanities may question the usefulness of studying Aristotle，the Italian Renaissance or Chinese fiction．Actually，I regret not interrupting that student to argue for taking that introductory philosophy course．I would have started by reminding him that，for much of America's history，college graduates were not considered truly educated unless they had mastered philosophy，literature，political theory and history．The key role of higher education was to invite students into the conversations about matters like what it means to be alive and the definition of justice．Fostering engagement with these subjects is still an essential part of the university's function in society．I would have also mentioned to the student that he was misinformed about the job market．It is true that many employers are looking for graduates with specialized technical skills，but they also look for other capabilities．As the world is transformed by artificial intelligence，machine learning and automation，the unique human qualities of creativity，imagination and moral reasoning will be the ultimate coin of the realm．All these skills are developed in humanities courses．Further，I would have argued that while a degree anchored in the sciences is an important precondition for many jobs，it is not the only route．Look no further than the founders of companies such as LinkedIn，Slack and Flickr，who are among the many tech businesspersons with degrees in the humanities，and who credit that training for their success．Contrary to the widely held belief that humanities majors have a hard time getting jobs，recent studies show that those with humanities degrees are successful in the workplace，experiencing low rates of unemployment and reporting high levels of job satisfaction．The ratio between average median（中位数）incomes for humanities degree holders and those with business，engineering，and health and medical sciences degrees has been shown to narrow over the course of a career．The case for the humanities can also be understood in less transactional terms and more as a foundational preparation for a life well lived．A humanities education plays a vital role in encouraging citizens to lead an examined life．It fosters critical thinking，self-reflection，empathy and tolerance，the usefulness of which only becomes more apparent as one navigates life's challenges．By all means，students should take courses they think practical and follow their interests，but if they also make a point of studying the literature of the Renaissance，or researching into modern poetry，or even taking introductory philosophy，we will all benefit．12.What do the students' conversation show？______A. Students feel employment difficult．B. Students think philosophy less important．C. Students find scientific innovation amazing．D. Students consider university courses unsatisfying．13.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 probably mean？______A. Highly valued．B. Equally applied．C. Strictly assessed．D. Greatly improved．14.The author may agree that humanities ______ ．A. discover students' artistic abilityB. prepare students for graduationC. raise awareness of social statusD. provide great insights into life15.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage？______A.B.C.D. I：Introduction P：Point Sp：Sub-point（次要点）C：Conclusion二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Are You a Prisoner of Perfection？Do you struggle for a goal that is beyond your reach？(1) Are you setting yourself up for failure and shame when you can't achieve the unachievable ？Understanding what drives perfectionism is the first step toward releasing this self-created anchor that keeps us stuck．Shame and fear are often the hidden drivers of perfectionism．We believe that if we can fashion a perfectly polished personality，flash our intelligence，and perfect our humour，then no one can hurt us with criticism and we'll win respect and approval．(2) Politicians who display a desperate need to be right and refuse to acknowledge mistakes or uncertainty are often driven by a secret shame．They fear that showing vulnerability（弱点）will expose them to the accusation that they're weak．They stick to a desire to be right，perfect，and polished，even when it's obvious that the emperor has no clothes．Perfectionism keeps us leaning toward the future．We're constantly evaluating ourselves in order to do better．(3) However，if we can't relax and enjoy lighter moments，then we become prisoners of our perfectionism．We get painfully self-conscious and take ourselves too seriously．Sadly，we deprive（剥夺）ourselves of the simple pleasure of enjoying the moment and being ourselves．(4) We realize that failing at any enterprise doesn't mean that we are a failure．Without failures，we'll never learn from our mistakes；we'll never move forward in our lives．Those who succeed have made countless mistakes．The important thing is to learn from our error，forgive ourselves and move on．Being human，perfection is impossible．(5) Releasing ourselves from the desire to protect our image，we're freed to sail gracefully through our successes and failures-and enjoy our precious life．A．Do you hold an idealized vision that is impossible to realize？B．A cure to perfectionism is to make room for our human shortcomings．C．Do you fear that others will be horrified by what you judge about yourself？D．The addiction to staying perfect protects us from any sign of being imperfect．E．There's nothing wrong with wanting to do our best and self-correcting along the way．F．People who are addicted to perfection are often isolated，even if they seem outgoing and popular．G．By accepting ourselves as we are and doing our best，we begin to rid the shame that drives perfectionism．16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）During my second year in high school，I got sick and missed a few days．When I(21)，I was greeted with two essays due，three days of math and history homework，plus several tests．(22)I went home from school that day exhausted，I had to stay up really late to finish them all．The next day at school，I got a rude awakening：I'd totally forgotten to prepare forthe(23)on Romeo and Juliet，which I'd take(24)my lunch hour! Worse still，I had (25)the in-class discussion and all the notes．When lunch came，I went to the English room to face my certain doom（厄运）．All I could do was try to (26)on the questions I didn't know．As it turned out，I didn't know the majority of the questions．I was just about to give(27) when my pencil accidentally fell and broke．Standing by the blackboard sharpening my pencil，I(28)down and there in full view lay the answer sheet for the test! What good fortune!I can kiss good-bye to all my (29)of failing the test! My heart started beating，and my brain(30)，Yes! Read over the answers-quickly! This was quickly followed by another voice，No! You'll get caught! My mind turning back and forth，Yes! No! Yes! No! …This went on for ten of the(31)seconds in my entire life．Finally，I decided to finish the test on my own，without (32)! I was satisfied with my decision but pretty(33)I had failed the test．The next day when I walked into the English room，my great joy of having been an(34) soul changed into a wave of doom as I saw my test paper lying face down on my desk．I knew what awaited me．I stared at it a few seconds before I got up the(35)to turn it over．You can only imagine my (36)when I learned that I had passed the test! I have never in my whole life been so happy to see my(37)，a C-．My mom says the victories that (38)the most courage are won within．Now I know (39)what she means．Now not only can my conscience（良心）rest easy，but I don't have to worry about getting caught and meeting a sad(40) like Romeo and Juliet．21. A. arrived B. returned C. appeared D. finished22. A. If B. Because C. Until D. Although23. A. lecture B. essay C. play D. test24. A. by B. upon C. over D. toward25. A. missed B. carried C. lost D. dropped26. A. depend B. agree C. guess D. improve27. A. in B. off C. out D. away28. A. wrote B. settled C. calmed D. looked29. A. boredom B. worries C. loneliness D. tiredness30. A. whispered B. warned C. persuaded D. chanted31. A. coldest B. saddest C. longest D. fastest32. A. suffering B. checking C. cheating D. thinking33. A. certain B. regretful C. annoyed D. relieved34. A. open B. honest C. optimistic D. energetic35. A. wisdom B. encouragement C. intention D. nerve36. A. anxiety B. shock C. fear D. appreciation37. A. paper B. credit C. rate D. grade38. A. take B. put C. find D. gain39. A. gradually B. exactly C. willingly D. seemingly40. A. film B. fact C. ending D. love四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41. A Tons of waste is being left on Mount Qomolangma by a（1）______（grow）number of visitors， which bothers many people． A team will deal with the task（2）______ the climbing season ends this May， by which time there will be fewer visitors． Garbage（3）______（collect）on Qomolangma requires two to three years of training， according to Cering Dandar，a mountaineer and guide．B Food is one of the most basic and important daily needs．It gives us the strength and energy we need （4）______（work） and play．Food also plays a role in our social interactions． Whether we （5）______（celebrate ） important occasions or just relaxing with friends，eating is an important social pastime． It is also an important part of our culture．（6）______a particular people like to eat can tell us a lot （7）______ a country's geography， history and traditions．C Going to museums has become a trendy thing to do during the holidays in China．A popular choice this Spring Festival was the Palace Museum，（8）______ a special exhibition was staged to provide a virtual royal experience for visitors ． The entire museum（9）______（decorate）with newly-restored ancient royal lanterns and spring couplets，including a set of the Chinese character "Fu" （10）______（write）by five Qing Dynasty emperors．五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共35.0分）42.假设你是红星中学学生李华．你的英国笔友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他想了解北京近几年发生了怎样的变化．请给他回复邮件，内容包括：1．变化；2．原因；3．感受．注意：1．词数不少于50；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．Dear Jim，Yours，Li Hua43.假设你是红星中学学生李华．你和同学在寒假期间去医院参加了志愿者活动，请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序，给校刊英语角写一篇英文稿件，介绍此次经历．注意：词数不少于60．提示词：自助挂号机 self-service registration machine答案和解析1.【答案】略【解析】B32．B33．A4.【答案】略【解析】D35．B 36．D 37．A8.【答案】略【解析】C39．D 40．A 41．C12.【答案】略【解析】B 43．A 44．D 45．D16.【答案】略【解析】A 47．D 48．E 49．B 50．G21.【答案】略【解析】B12．D13．D14．C15．A=16．C 17．A18．D19．B20．A=21．C22．C23．A24．B25．D=26．B27．D28．A29．B30．C41.【答案】略【解析】growing2． when/after 3． collection4． to work5． are celebrating=6． What7． about 8． where 9． was decorated 10． written42.【答案】Possible versionDear Jim，I'm very glad to know that you are interested in the changes in Beijing．Let me tell you some of the developments during the past few years．I have witnessed many great changes in my city．The most impressive one is the rapid development of transportation． In the past，people travelled mainly by bus． Nowadays， with more and more subway lines built，it is much faster and more convenient for people to go almost everywhere． Additionally， the spread of public bikes helps people travel any distance more easily．All these couldn't have happened without the measures taken by the government and applicat ions of new technology．I enjoy these conveniences every day and feel proud of my city．I am confident that Beijing will become more liveable in the future．Just come and have a look yourself!Yours，Li Hua【解析】略43.【答案】One possible versionLast winter vacation， my classmates and I worked as volunteers in a hospital．On our first morning， a doctor gave us a lecture， informing us of our roles as volunteers． It was the first time for me to know the daily routines in a hospital．The next morning， fully prepared， we went to different posts and started our job．Together with my classmates，I assisted some patients when they didn't know how to use the self-service registration machi ne． For senior citizens， we helped them register to save them the trouble．Besides， I showed people the way to different consulting rooms． For those elderly patients ， we accompanied them all the way until it was their appointment time．They really appreciated our help．Later I shared my picture in the hospital on WeChat Moments． In no time，I received lots of likes from my friends．Some even expressed their great interest in the voluntary work． Actually，I had the most amazing experience doing very simple things for others．【解析】略第11页，共11页。

2020年北京市高考适应性训练英语试卷逐题解析第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

AMrs. Bailey was important in the educational journey that carried me through school and into my profession. Until I joined her class, I hadn’t believed in my ability as a writer. She (1) ______ (persuade) me to join the poetry society and lit in me a fire for literature. She recognised (2) ______ (I) potential and showed me that I could write with creativity and enthusiasm. Because of the confidence she inspired in me, I’ve carved out a (3) ______ (success) profession as a journalist.1.【答案】persuaded【解析】本题考查时态语态；提示词persuade为动词，整句缺少谓语动词，主语she和动词提示词persuade为主动关系，翻译成“她说服我去…”,又因and并列连词后面的lit时间为过去，可以确定空格时态为一般过去时；故正确答案是persuaded。

2.【答案】my【解析】本题考查代词；根据提示词I和空格后的名词potential“潜力”可知，应填“我的”；故正确答案是my。

【北京市】2020年普通高等学校全国招生模拟考试英语本试卷共16页，共150分。

考试时长120分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：听力理解(共三节，30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

例：What is the man going to read?A．A newspaper. B．A magazine. C．A book.答案是A。

1．When will the film start?A．At 5:00. B．At 6:00. C．At 7:00.2．Which club will the man join?A．The film club. B．The travel club. C．The sports club.3．What was the weather like in the mountains yesterday?A．Sunny. B．Windy. C．Snowy.4．What does the man want to cut out of paper?A．A fish. B．A bird. C．A monkey.5．Where does the conversation most probably take place?A．In a library. B．At a bookstore. C．In a museum.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，15分）听下面4段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。

听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。