短文改错技巧
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----短文改错技巧
1.高考试卷中的写作部分第一节（短文改错）考查在语篇中综合运用英语的准确性。旨在测试考生发现、判断和纠正语篇错误的能力。
2.考生首先需要判断短文各行是否有错，没有错打钩；如有错，则按照题目要求及错误的形式做上相应的标记，并纠正错误，写出自己认为正确的词。
3.一般来讲，短文无论在内容还是在文字上都比较简单，文中错误也都是初、中级英语学习者写作时常犯的。
命题特点
1设题形式
一般分为四种情况：
多词、漏词、错词和正确。要求考生快速通览短文，判断各行是否有错，没错的打钩；如有错，则按题目要求做相应的标记，并加以改正。
找到错误0.5分，改正0.5分，如果改正但没有标出错误得0.5分。
２.情景特征：
（１）短文皆由命题人员从中学生作文中选出，或类似学生作品。少有原文痕迹。
（２）学生身边的常见话题。
（３）原则上没有生词。
３.设问特征：
（１）有词法错误、句法错误、行文逻辑错误。
（２）“改”的比重大，“去掉”的比重小，“加”的比重很小，一般有一题为正确。
（３）错词情况中，涉及动词的最多。
（４）多词错误中，主要是介词。
（５）少词错误中，主要涉及介词和冠词。
设问特征提供了重要的解题信息：
１）注意动词的形态变化；
２）人称代词的一致性和连接代词的正确性；
３）根据在句中功能确定词性：名词（通常作主语、宾语）形容词（表语、定语）和副词（状语）
４）看是否多了或少了介词和冠词。
４.考点注重基础：
考查重点一般为：谓语动词(时态，语态，主谓语一致或并列谓语)；复合句的引导词；名词单复数；冠词；介词；代词；连词；形容词和副词；不定式，动词原形和动名词；分词作表语或定语，词组或习惯用语。
初中内容比重大，高中内容比重小，越是涉及高中的内容，越注重基础。考查过程中特别关注以上考点在语篇中的最基本用法。
4.设问角度：1） 词法2） 句法3） 行文逻辑
解题步骤：
１.从语篇入手，理解文章大意；
２.在理解大意的基础上，审查句子结构；
３.从语法结构入手，进行语法改错；
４.通读全文。
解题技巧：
１.正确理解做题要求；（无标点错误）
２.拼写错误已取消，但应注意名词单复数与动词单三形式；
３.以行为单位设错，却要以句为单位审查；
４.有别于单句改错。重视整体内容和前后照应。
让我们仔细研究03至07年全国卷，从中找出识错技巧
03
When I first learned to write in English, I ran into many 76
difficulties. The main problem was in that I always thought 77
in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English. 78
My teacher advised me to keep my diary. I followed her 79
advice and should put down 100 words or so each day. 80
Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was 81
learning to express me in simple English. One day I wrote 82
a little story and showed to my teacher. She liked it 83
very much and reads it to the class. All said the story was 84
a good one. Their word were a great encouragement to me 85
76. 正确 正确；77. 去掉in 介词；78. anything 改为everything代词；
79. my 改为a 短语/冠词；80. 去掉should 谓语动词/时态；81. talk 改为talking 原形/动名词；82. me 改为myself 代词；83. showed 后加it 代词；84. reads 改为read 谓语动词/时态；85. were 改为was 谓语动词/时态。
04
Dear Ralph,
I‟m a new comer here of a small town. I would 76___
describe myself as shy and quietly. Before my classmates, 77__
it seems always difficult for me to do things well as 78__
them. I‟m sure they will laugh to me and see me as 79__
a fool. So I feel unhappy every day. 80_____
Besides, I have few friends. I don‟t know that they 81__ don‟t like to talk to me. Sometimes, we talked to each other 82__
well in class, but after class we become stranger at 83__
once. I am trying to improve the situation since it doesn‟t 84__
seem to work. Can you tell me about what I should do? 85__
04
76. of 改为from 介词;77. quietly 改为quiet 形容词/副词;78. well前加 as 引导从句的词;79. to
改为at介词;80. 正确 正确;81. that 改为why引导从句的词;82. talked 改为talk谓语动词/时态;83. stranger 改为strangers 名词;84. since 改为but引导从句的词/连词;85. 去掉about介词
05
There are advantage for students to work while 76. __
studying at school. One of them was that 77. __
they can earn money. For the most part, 78. __
students working to earn money for their own 79. __
use. Earning their own money allow them 80. __
to spend on anything as if they please. 81. __
They would have to ask their parents for 82. __
money or for permission to do things by 83. __
the money. Some students may also to save 84. __
up for our college or future use. 85. __
76.advantage---advantages名词的数;77.was--is时态一致；78.正确；79.working---work谓语动词；80.allow---allows主谓一致；81.去掉if从句引导词；82.would---wouldn„t 行文逻辑；83.by---with介词；84.去掉to情态动词后接动词原形；85.our---their代词指代不一致。
06
We had guests last night who have not stayed 76___
in a B&B hotel ago. They did not want breakfast 77___
because they were going out early in the 78___ morning. They came back lately and had some 79___
tea. I came into the living room and saw one of 80___
them just go through the kitchen door but turn 81___
on the light. He was looking for a glass the 82___
cupboard. He had no ideas that the kitchen was 83___
not for guests. I just smiled to me and thought, 84___
“What can I do? We are guests after all.” 85___
76.have---had 时态呼应；77.ago---before副词辨析；78.去掉that从句引导词多余；tely---late副词辨析；80.正确；81.but---and并列连词(行文逻 辑)；
82.glass 后加in介词；83.ideas---idea名词；84.me---myself反身代词；85.We---They代词。
?07
Dear Grandpa,
Thank you for your letter.
My school is organizing a basketball team and
there „s just a chance which I can join it. I‟m little of 76___
