Functionalized single graphene sheets derived from splitting graphite oxide

氧化石墨烯的制备及表征文献综述

材料0802班

李琳

200822046

氧化石墨烯的制备及表征

李琳

摘要：石墨烯(又称单层石墨或二维石墨)是单原子厚度的二维碳原子晶体,被认为是富勒烯、碳纳米管和石墨的基本结构单元[1]。石墨烯可通过膨胀石墨经过超声剥离或球磨处理来制备[2,3]，其片层厚度一般只能达到30~100 nm，难以得到单层石墨烯(约0.34 nm)，并且不容易重复操作。所以寻求一种新的、容易和可以重复操作的实验方法是目前石墨烯研究的热点。而将石墨氧化变成氧化石墨，再在超声条件下容易得到单层的氧化石墨溶液，再通过化学还原获得，已成为石墨烯制备的有效途径[4]。通过述评氧化石墨及氧化石墨烯的制备、结构、改性及其与聚合物的复合,展望了石墨烯及其复合材料的研究前景。

关键词：氧化石墨烯，石墨烯，氧化石墨，制备，表征

Oxidation of graphite surfaces

preparation and Characterization

LI Lin

Abstrat：Graphite surfaces (also called single graphite or 2 d graphite )is

the single atoms thickness of the 2 d carbon atoms crystal, is considered

fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphite basic structure unit

[1].Graphite surfaces can through the expanded graphite after ultrasonic

stripping or ball mill treatment topreparation [2,3], a piece of layer

thickness normally only up to 30 to 100 nm, hard to get the single graphite

超声剥离二次膨胀石墨制备石墨烯纳米片

郭晓琴;黄靖;王永凯;陈雷明;余小霞;张锐

【摘 要】以天然鳞片石墨为原料,氧化插层制备可膨胀石墨,微波热解膨胀后,对膨胀石墨进行二次氧化插层并微波膨胀,采用超声剥离法制备出包含大量少层数碳原子的石墨烯纳米片.采用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和拉曼光谱(Raman)对其结构和形貌进行分析.结果表明,氧化插层增大了石墨层间距,膨胀石墨更易于进一步氧化插层引入含氧基团；在微波作用下,石墨内部含氧基团热分解放出气体,进一步增大石墨层间距,甚至部分剥离；对二次膨胀处理的石墨薄片进行超声剥离可得到石墨烯纳米片,大部分石墨烯层数低于5层.

【期刊名称】《功能材料》

【年(卷),期】2013(044)012

【总页数】4页(P1800-1803)

【关键词】氧化插层;微波膨胀;超声剥离;石墨烯纳米片

【作 者】郭晓琴;黄靖;王永凯;陈雷明;余小霞;张锐

【作者单位】郑州航空工业管理学院机电工程学院,河南郑州450015;中国人力资源和社会保障出版集团,北京100029;郑州航空工业管理学院机电工程学院,河南郑州450015;郑州航空工业管理学院机电工程学院,河南郑州450015;郑州航空工业管理学院机电工程学院,河南郑州450015;郑州航空工业管理学院机电工程学院,河南郑州450015 【正文语种】中 文

【中图分类】TQ127.1

1 引 言

石墨烯是由碳原子以SP2杂化连接的单原子层构成的二维碳素材料［1］，长程π－π共轭结构给其带来了优异的电学、光学和力学性质。自从2004年英国曼彻斯特大学的Novoselov等［2］利用胶带剥离高定向石墨获得石墨烯以来，石墨烯和石墨烯纳米片（GNSs）以其独特的结构和性能引起研究人员的广泛关注，已成为材料、化学、物理等众多领域研究的热点［3－6］，具有广阔的应用前景。

Talanta81 (2010) 754–759

ContentslistsavailableatScienceDirect

Talanta

journalhomepage:/locate/talanta

Agraphene-basedelectrochemicalsensorforsensitivedetectionofparacetamol

XinhuangKanga,b,JunWanga,HongWua,JunLiua,IlhanA.Aksayc,YueheLina,∗

aPacificNorthwestNationalLaboratory,902BattelleBoulevard,Richland,WA99352,USAbCollegeofScience,GuangdongOceanUniversity,Zhanjiang524088,PRChinacDepartmentofChemicalEngineering,PrincetonUniversity,Princeton,NJ08544,USA

articleinfo

Articlehistory:Received29October2009Receivedinrevisedform7January2010Accepted7January2010Available online 25 January 2010

Keywords:GrapheneParacetamolSquare-wavevoltammetryPharmaceuticalpreparationtabletsabstract

Anelectrochemicalsensorbasedontheelectrocatalyticactivityoffunctionalizedgrapheneforsensitivedetectionofparacetamolispresented.Theelectrochemicalbehaviorsofparacetamolongraphene-modifiedglassycarbonelectrodes(GCEs)wereinvestigatedbycyclicvoltammetryandsquare-wavevoltammetry.Theresultsshowedthatthegraphene-modifiedelectrodeexhibitedexcellentelectrocat-alyticactivitytoparacetamol.Aquasi-reversibleredoxprocessofparacetamolatthemodifiedelectrodewasobtained,andtheover-potentialofparacetamoldecreasedsignificantlycomparedwiththatatthebareGCE.Suchelectrocatalyticbehaviorofgrapheneisattributedtoitsuniquephysicalandchemi-calproperties,e.g.,subtleelectroniccharacteristics,attractive␲–␲interaction,andstrongadsorptivecapability.Thiselectrochemicalsensorshowsanexcellentperformancefordetectingparacetamolwithadetectionlimitof3.2×10−8M,areproducibilityof5.2%relativestandarddeviation,andasatisfiedrecoveryfrom96.4%to103.3%.Thesensorshowsgreatpromiseforsimple,sensitive,andquantitativedetectionandscreeningofparacetamol.© 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

782Chem.

Soc.Rev.,2012,41,

782–796ThisjournaliscTheRoyalSocietyofChemistry2012Citethis:Chem.Soc.Rev.,2012,41,782–796Graphene-basedsemiconductorphotocatalystsQuanjunXiang,aJiaguoYu*aandMietekJaroniec*bReceived24thJune2011DOI:10.1039/c1cs15172jGraphene,asinglelayerofgraphite,possessesauniquetwo-dimensionalstructure,highconductivity,superiorelectronmobilityandextremelyhighspecificsurfacearea,andcanbeproducedonalargescaleatlowcost.Thus,ithasbeenregardedasanimportantcomponentformakingvariousfunctionalcompositematerials.Especially,graphene-basedsemiconductorphotocatalystshaveattractedextensiveattentionbecauseoftheirusefulnessinenvironmentalandenergyapplications.Thiscriticalreviewsummarizestherecentprogressinthedesignandfabricationofgraphene-basedsemiconductorphotocatalystsviavariousstrategiesincludinginsitugrowth,solutionmixing,hydrothermaland/orsolvothermalmethods.Furthermore,thephotocatalyticpropertiesoftheresultinggraphene-basedcompositesystemsarealsodiscussedinrelationtotheenvironmentalandenergyapplicationssuchasphotocatalyticdegradationofpollutants,photocatalytichydrogengenerationandphotocatalyticdisinfection.Thiscriticalreviewendswithasummaryandsomeperspectivesonthechallengesandnewdirectionsinthisemergingareaofresearch(158references).1.IntroductionGraphene,asinglelayerofsp2-bondedcarbonatomstightlypackedintoatwo-dimensionalhoneycombstructure,hasattractedalotofattentionsinceitsdiscoveryin2004,1duetoitsoutstandingmechanical,thermal,optical,andelectricalproperties.Especially,graphenepossessesahighthermalconductivity(B5000WmÀ1KÀ1),offersanexcellentmobilityofchargecarriersatroomtemperature(200000cm2VÀ1sÀ1),andexhibitsanextremelyhightheoreticalspecificsurfacearea(B2600m2gÀ1).2–4Todate,variousmethodshavebeendevelopedforthepreparationofgraphene,includingmicro-mechanicalexfoliation,epitaxialgrowth,chemicalandelectro-chemicalreductionofgraphiteoxideandbottom-uporganicsynthesis.3–9Amongthesemethods,thereductionofexfoliatedaStateKeyLaboratoryofAdvancedTechnologyforMaterialSynthesisandProcessing,WuhanUniversityofTechnology,LuoshiRoad122#,Wuhan430070,P.R.China.E-mail:jiaguoyu@;Fax:+86-27-87879468;Tel:+86-27-87871029bDepartmentofChemistry,KentStateUniversity,Kent,Ohio44242,USA.E-mail:jaroniec@;Fax:+1-330-6723816;Tel:+1-330-6723970