十九种英语修辞手法的详细解释和例句

英语中所有19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句，英语中所有19种修辞手

法的全部解释和例句：Simile明喻、Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻、

Metonymy 借喻,转喻、Synecdoche 提喻、Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,

移觉、Personification 拟人、Hyperbole 夸张、Parallelism 排比, 平

行、Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法、Allegory 讽喻,比方、Irony 反语、

Pun 双关、Parody 仿拟、Rhetorical question 修辞疑问、Antithesis

对照,对比,对偶、Paradox 隽语、Oxymoron 反意法,逆喻、Climax 渐

进法,层进法、Anticlimax 渐降法。快来学习吧!

1.Simile 明喻

明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,

而不是事物的自然属性.

标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as

等.

例如:

1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear

him crow.

2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.

3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked

out of a fairy tale.

2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻

隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较

形成.

例如:

1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.

2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and

some few to be chewed and digested.

3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻

借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.

I.以容器代替内容,例如:

1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.

II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如:

Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.

III.以作者代替作品,例如:

a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集

VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:

I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他

们就用我的力气赚钱.

4.Synecdoche 提喻

提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.

例如:

1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代

整体)

他的厂里约有100名工人.

2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)

他是本世纪的牛顿.

3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.(整体代部分)

这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.

5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉

这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不

同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。

通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，

起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想

到音乐的重复与变化的节奏;闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体;听到飘

渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子;又比如朱自清《荷塘月

色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似

的”。

例如:

1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like

voice.(用视觉形容听觉，鸟落在树上，由它发出的声音联想到百合花) 鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音.

2>.Taste the music of Mozart.(用嗅觉形容听觉)

品尝Mozart的音乐.

6.Personification 拟人

拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物.

例如:

1>.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.(把夜

拟人化)

2>.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the

woods.(把鸟拟人化)

7.Hyperbole 夸张

夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的.它可以加强语势,增加表

达效果..

例如:

1>.I beg a thousand pardons.

2>.Love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon

and the stars.

3>.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured

out.

8.Parallelism 排比, 平行

这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似,意思相关,

语气一致的短语.句子排列成串,形成一个整体.

例如:

1>.No one can be perfectly free till all are free; no one can

be perfectly moral till all are moral; no one can be perfectly

happy till all are happy.

2>.In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I

summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer

for them. In the days when all these things are to be answered

for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, toanswer for them separately.

9.Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法

婉辞法指用委婉,文雅的方法表达粗恶,避讳的话.

例如:

1>.He is out visiting the necessary. 他出去方便一下.

2>.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate. 他与妻子

关系不融洽.

3>.Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997. (去世)

10.Allegory 讽喻,比方(原意“寓言”)

建立在假借过去或别处的事例与对象之上，传达暗示，影射或者讥

讽现世各种现象的含义。

英文解释：an expressive style that uses fictional characters

and events to describe some subject by suggestive

resemblances; an extended metaphor 摘自英语专业《大学英语教

程》一书

这是一种源于希腊文的修辞法,意为"换个方式的说法".它是一种形

象的描述,具有双重性,表层含义与真正意味的是两回事.

例如:

1>.Make the hay while the sun shines.

表层含义：趁着出太阳的时候晒草

真正意味：趁热打铁

2>.It's time to turn plough into sword.

表层含义：是时候把犁变成剑

11.Irony 反语

反语指用相反意义的词来表达意思的作文方式.如在指责过失.错误

时,用赞同过失的说法,而在表扬时,则近乎责难的说法.

例如:

1>.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it

was in the morning.

早上没有时间观念还真是一件好事啊(真实含义是应该明确早上的时间观念)

2>"Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change

on you. "the waiter said to the beggar.

12.Pun 双关

双关就是用一个词在句子中的双重含义,借题发挥.作出多种解释,旁

敲侧击,从而达到意想不到的幽默.滑稽效果.它主要以相似的词形.词意和

谐音的方式出现.

例如:

1>.She is too low for a high praise, too brown for a fair

praise and too little for a great praise.

2>.An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the

good of his country.

3>.If we don't hang together, we shall hang separately.

13.Parody 仿拟

这是一种模仿名言.警句.谚语,改动其中部分词语,从而使其产生新意

的修辞.

例如:

1>.Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year.

2>.A friend in need is a friend to be avoided.

3>.If you give a girl an inch nowadays she will make address

of it.

14.Rhetorical question 修辞疑问(反问)

它与疑问句的不同在于它并不以得到答复为目的,而是以疑问为手

段,取得修辞上的效果,其特点是:肯定问句表示强烈否定,而否定问句表示

强烈的肯定.它的答案往往是不言而喻的.

例如:

1>.How was it possible target=_blank

class=infotextkey>possible to walk for an hour through the

woods and see nothing worth of note?

2>.Shall we allow those untruths to go unanswered?