英美文化概况论文

英美文学方面的毕业论文英美文学方面的毕业论文英美文学作为人类文明发展的重要成果,为人类带来精神文化食粮的同时也在不断的丰富着社会文化的组成。

在高中英语教学中引入外国文化因素，是拓展学生视野，培养学生英语文化素养的关键。

英美文学方面的毕业论文篇1浅析英美文学教学与学生人文素质的培养在时代进步与发展的背景下，对大学生的人文素养提出了更高要求，这就要求高等院校在办学过程中，重视大学生人文素养的培养。

一、英美文学教学以及学生人文素养的培养1.英美文学的教学现状英美文学是一部分高等院校的重要课程。

大学生通过学习英美文学，不仅可以提高阅读能力，更可以提升鉴赏文学作品的能力，同时在英语的听、说、读、写、译等方面也都能获得显著提升。

随着时代的进步与发展，在各方面的共同努力下，我国英美文化课程也获得相应的进步与发展，越来越多的人意识到开展英美文学教学的重要性。

但是，在现阶段我国高等院校的教育体系中，英美文学的教学有众多问题亟待解决，具体表现为以下几个方面：首先，高等院校缺乏对英美文学教学足够的重视。

在课程设置方面，将英美文学作为一门选修课，以往的小班讨论的教学方式转变为大班讲座的形式。

其次，在英美文学教学过程中，缺乏足够的师资力量。

英美文学较之于古代文学以及现代文学，教师在知识储备以及综合素质方面都还有待提升，需要加强对师资队伍的建设与培养。

再次，在开展英美文学教学的过程中，一直沿用传统落后的教学方式，缺乏足够的创新意识，教师采用填鸭式以及讲座式的教学方式，给学生灌输大量的理论知识，严重忽视学生的主体地位。

长此以往，学生丧失了对英美文学的兴趣，课堂气氛十分沉闷。

最后，教师在进行英美文学教学的过程中，虽然重视传授英美文学作品的文法或者是语言知识，但严重忽视对作品深层次的内涵的挖掘，这也成为阻碍英美文学教学质量提升的重要因素。

在整个教学过程中，忽视对大学生的人文素养的培养。

所以，高等院校要想改变英美文学教学过程中的问题，最主要的是改变传统落后的教学方式，重视培养大学生的人文素养。

浅论《宠儿》中美国黑人女性独立人格的价值分析一、介绍莫里森为《宠儿》一书所选取的场景是辛辛那提城郊的蓝石路124 号凶宅。

虽然奴隶制已被废除 10 年了，但被杀婴儿---"宠儿"的冤魂一直在家中肆虐，家人中死的死，精神崩溃的精神奔溃。

最后，是成长起来的另一个女儿丹芙和黑人民众一起帮助她摆脱了宠儿，开始面对新生活。

《宠儿》是一部旨在揭示奴隶制精神贻害的小说，主人公赛丝通过自己的顽强斗志，逃离了控制其人身自由，迫害其身心的农场。

而这些男性黑奴们却没能做到。

为了不被奴隶主抓回，她万般无奈下亲手杀死自己的女儿。

虽然这种行为在白人眼里应该受到道义上的谴责，但赛丝暴烈的母爱将这种行为中的否定奴隶制倾向发挥到极致，其实是顺理成章的结果，其意义在于，一个奴隶第一次真正成为自己生命的主宰，她身上人性的高贵、丰盈和美丽全系于那挑战历史必然的非理性方式。

二、逃亡在美国历史上，奴隶制是人们不想再提及，刻意去遗忘的一段黑暗历史。

奴隶是奴隶主的合法财产，这就是奴隶制形成的基础。

换句话说，奴隶没有人权，所以可以被随意买卖，为奴隶主赚取利益。

在奴隶体制中，任何家庭中的孩子都可能随时被卖出，远离父母。

像其他孩子一样，小赛丝由一个叫做南的独臂奴隶妇女抚养。

她的生母只抚养她一个月的时间。

当她长到 13 岁时，她被卖给了加纳先生。

赛丝非常幸运，能在"甜蜜之家"中度过了"six years of happy marriage".加纳夫妇是最仁慈的奴隶主的典型代表。

莫里森试图唤醒奴隶，因为他们错误地认为奴隶主是仁慈的，有同情心的。

莫里森通过本书告知读者，所有奴隶主对奴隶的所作所为比起加纳夫妇对赛丝的所作所为有过之而无不及，进而揭露奴隶制的罪恶本性。

赛丝所生活的农场---"甜蜜之家",是一个半乌托邦的农场。

在奴隶制下，它不可能成为一个真正的家。

在农场的男性奴隶有权利"buy a mother, choose a horse, ora wife, handle guns, even learn reading if they wanted to". 但还是加纳夫妇的财产。

英美文学论文范文英美文学是一种重要的文化艺术表现形式,虽然是文学,其实也是反映当时时期的是思想文化和社会现实,体现的是西方文化的发展过程,也反映的是西方文化和思想。

下面是店铺为大家整理的英美文学论文，供大家参考。

英美文学论文范文一：历史文化在英美文学中的作用摘要：在诸多历史、社会、文化、政治、经济、生活方式、地域、宗教、价值观等因素差异下，英美文学作品势必出现千姿百态的形式和文学风格，只有深刻地理解上述因素对于英美文学著作的影响作用，才能够透析英美文学著作的实质，才能更好地理解英美文学著作中机智隽永的内涵。

关键词：历史文化;英美文学一、历史与文化差异影响下英美文学著作所具有的特点(一)历史与文化差异影响下英国文学著作的特点英国文学源远流长，经过了漫长的时间和时代的演变。

在这个过程中，文学本体以外的各种现实的、历史的、政治的、文化的力量对英国文学产生着影响。

英国文学是对于当时社会环境的一种映衬与写照。

文学内部遵循自身规律，历经不同历史阶段。

如盎格鲁-萨克逊史诗《贝奥武甫》;中古英国文学著作时期，代表作乔叟(Chaucer)的《坎特伯雷故事集》;文艺复兴下的莎士比亚代表作《威尼斯商人》《罗密欧与朱丽叶》《哈姆雷特》《暴风雨》等;新古典主义下的英国文学著作，浪漫主义时期，华兹华斯的《抒情歌谣集》;现实主义下的英国文学著作时期，代表作为夏洛蒂•勃朗特的《简•爱》，哈代的《德伯家的苔丝》，大作家查尔斯•狄更斯的《大卫•科波菲尔》《远大前程》《双城记》;现代主义下的英国文学著作康拉德的《黑暗的心脏》(1899)。

语言和风格的“标新立异”是英国现代派的最大特点。

战后英国文学代表作约翰•福尔斯的《法国中尉的女人》大致呈现从写实到实验和多元的走势。

从厚重的文学底蕴出发，英国文学著作发展到今天正在朝着百家争鸣、百家齐放的方向发展。

(二)历史与文化差异影响下美国文学著作所具有的特点美国的文学历史与美国资本主义的发展如影随形，虽然早期的文学著作隐约还有英国文学的痕迹，随着美国资本主义的民主与自由的不断演绎升华，美国的文学著作也大放异彩，形成了美国民族的特有色彩。

This reluctance to communicate with others is an unfortunate quality in some ways, since it tends to give the impression of coldness, and it is true that the English are not noted for their generosity and hospitality. On the other hand, they are perfectly human behind their barrier of reserve, and may be quite pleased when a friendly stranger or foreigner succeeds for a time in breaking the barrier down.
British generally don’t show their own inner world to others and this feature is very evident in the upper classes of society. It is difficult to know a reserved person: he never tells you anything about himself, and you may work with him for years without ever knowing where he lives, how many children he has, and what his interests are. English people tend to be like that.

The British Educational SystemAs far as we know, there are pre-primary schools, primary schools, secondary schools and university or college. Pre-school education is available (often on a fee-paying basis) for children aged 2 to 4/5 through playgroups and nursery schools. And many of them are private. The emphasis of pre-primary schools is on group work, creative activity and guided play.Two systems of primary and secondary education in Britain: 1. State Schools: 11-year Compulsory Education (5-16), we can know that there is comprehensive school (84%), grammar school (3%) or secondary modern school (7%) from the state primary school. 2. Public schools/Independent schools: there is an only 7% public (independent) school from prep school.What are the main differences between the two? We can find four points. 1. School Funding. In state schools, state funding from central government; supplemented by local finance. And in public schools, funding from tuition fees; endowments or donations from society (esp. alumni to their ammeters). 2. Attendance. There are 93% in state schools, only 7% in the public schools. 3. Teaching Staff and Facilities. Public schools have better teaching staff & facilities. 4. Graduates. Students from the public schools are more promising, e.g. Eton College has educated 20 Prime Ministers, 6 Chancellors of Exchequers, etc.Compulsory education begins at 5 in England, Wales and Scotland and 4 in Northern Ireland. Pupils mainly attend state sector primary schools (co-educational or mixed schools). Infants schools have equal to the first schools (for 2 years from 5). Junior schools (for 4 years to 11). There’s little or no specialist subject teaching and great emphasis is on literacy and numeracy in early years.Compulsory education ends at age 16. At 16, students in England and Wales take GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education) examinations involving a final exam, an assessment of work done during the two-year course, or both of these things. Then they can leave school and find a job. Other pupils who decide not to go to university may choose to take vocational training and get the GNVQ (GeneralNational V ocational Qualification).In my opinion, about the entrance procedures, in the third term of Year 12, students prepare their applications to university. Applications are then made in the first term of the Year 13 through one centralized organization known as UCAS (Universities and Colleges Admissions Service). Students can apply to a maximum of 6 universities/institutions. Admission-selection on basis of A level results & an interview.In teaching methods, we can see, the UK educational system encourages self-study, discussions and practical work. The students may have time-tabled classes or might be encouraged to do more of independent work for a substantial amount of time depending on the course.Most of the courses would include the following teaching methods: lectures, seminars, tutorials, independent workand coursework.There are two famous universities in Britain. They are the Cambridge and Oxford. Cambridge University was founded in 1209 by students fleeing from Oxford after one of the many episodes of violence between the university and the town of Oxford. Cambridge is one of the world’s great universities, and has the ability to transform lives. If you study here, you will experience that quality at first hand. Day to day, you will work with academic staff who are leaders in their fields, and who are also committed to see you succeed, and to help you develop your ideas, knowledge and understanding.Legend has it that Oxford University was founded by King Alfred in 872 to encourage education and establish schools throughout his territory. Like a grammar school, it was just a place for teaching Latin grammar at that time. The University actually began in the 12th century as gatherings of students around popular masters. The university consisted of people, not buildings. The buildings came later as a recognition of something that already existed. In a way, Oxford was never founded; it grew.Oxford is one of the greatest universities in the world. It has played a distinguished part in the history of our country and our continent, and has much to contribute to our success and our well-being as a civilized community in the future.The Boat Race between Oxford & Cambridge started June 10, 1829.The event is now a British national institution, and is televised live each year. The race has beenwon by Cambridge 79 times and Oxford 73 so far. The race is currently run over a four mile and 374 yard (6.8 km) stretch of the River Thames between Putney and Mortlake in London.Oxford wear dark blue and Cambridge light blue.In Chinese higher education, we can find five dilemmas. There is enrollment expansion, elite education vs mass education, intense competition in the job market, resources are straining and education quality is suffering.There are five defects of Chinese higher education. Defect 1: Blind Enrollment Expansion. Universities seem to have enrolled more than they can accommodate! Limited facilities & space, insufficient resources, shabby dorms (slum)…Expansion means a lot more! Fierce competition in the job market. Defect 2: Awkward Teaching Method. Teachers tend to spoon-feed their students who are in turn spoon-fed and force-fed!More trust, freedom, interactions and responsibilities for the students! Teachers should serve as advisors & assistants!Defect 3: Prescribed / Designated Textbooks. A lack of flexibility (few alternative choices), Outdated contents (keep pace with), The prescribed textbooks can be replaced by …Defect 4: Unreasonable Curriculum. Many outdated courses should be abolished! More utilitarian courses are welcome! (Computer Science, Business, Finance, Accounting and Law)One shouldn’t be confined to one’s specific field.Moral education is in urgent demand! (campus violence, suicide, theft, murder) Defect 5:Unfair Assessment System. Exam-oriented style! (Scores talk!)Students: exams of lottery(memory test / work overtime shortly before the test)How can we improve it? I will show my answer. It’s a time-consuming & systematic project.Never wait for the improvement! Get a move now! You and me are part of Chinese higher education! Try to make the best and most of the current situation! Stop complaining and try to make a difference from now on.。

文化传承论文:英美文化中的文化传承探讨作者：沈娟单位：防灾技术研究所讲师在英美文学翻译呈现出明显的片面文化倾向的同时，民族传统的回应在很大程度上起到了平衡现代文化西化的重要作用。

在英美文学翻译中，对中国本土民族传统的继承和翻译中“中国式”的追求，一直是英美文学翻译家的事业。

就在白话文兴起之前，中国古典文学中的各种传统表达方式被用于英美文学的翻译，这在很大程度上促成了外国文学对我国民族传统文学表达方式的屈从。

同时，在英美文学的翻译作品中，逐渐出现了文化归化的线索。

比如在中国的xx英美文学翻译家陆志伟，在翻译华兹华斯的代表作《贫二行》时，大量使用了中国传统文学中的Seven。

通过对鲁翻译的分析，我们可以看到我们自己的文化传统在英美文学翻译中的重生，也可以看到这一时期英美文学的翻译和引进具有明显的文化建构动机。

现在，以华兹华斯发表于《学衡》年的诗歌为例，深入探讨英美文学翻译中的文化传承与发展。

华兹华斯的诗歌翻译《学衡》，作为中国早期的xx刊物，旨在“发扬明朝国粹，融汇xx知识”，于是在1925年xx，何霖的第二版华兹华斯《露西组诗》出版。

第二本原华兹华斯《露西组诗》和何霖的译本摘录如下。

她走得很远.但是她很严肃，哦，差异！何琳翻译的是：是美女的落寞之地。

美女在幽处，地在泉旁.坟墓里挂着芬芳的灵魂，我和他的距离很渺茫。

通过对原文和译文的对比分析，不难发现，何先生在译文中对原文所使用的语言形式进行了较大的改变，并在舍弃后巧妙地将其转化为中国古代诗歌的句子形式。

同时，华兹华斯在原著中追求表达的精确，在翻译中借助中国古诗省略了主语、介词等不可或缺的语言表达因素。

如《紫罗衣苔石，半隐逸》，何先生用汉语动词“衣”代替英语介词“由”，将“从”隐去，使紫罗兰成为“半隐逸”的主动者，这是运用中国文学的语言思维方式来规划英美文学语言思维方式的典型表现，也凸显了英美文学翻译中原文形式的归化对翻译的巨大影响。

英美文学翻译中的文化归化译者翻译诗歌所涉及的文化规划比形式层面更值得我们研究。

The Study of Domestic Violence onAmerican Beauty and Its Action Guidance Abstract:paper presents a new method for the interpretation of American Beauty.In modern society, family violence is the destruction of the traditional family happiness. Family cold violence in the Burnhams and thermal violence in the Fitts are the representatives of the domestic violence. And also, the family violence makes the family life become not only an invisible battlefield, but a nightmare, distorting the couples, the parents, children and family relationships. In this movie, the heroes awaken people with their blood and lives, to re-examine their family life. This paper focuses on the domestic violence in this film and some statistics or backgrounds specifically on the domestic violence in the United States. Then the paper will give some preventions and services act, giving family violence in real concern and action guidance.Key Words:American Beauty; domestic violence; cold violence; thermal violence; action guidance《美国丽人》中家庭暴力的研究及其行动指导摘要：本文提出了电影《美国丽人》的一种新的解读方法。

英美文化赏识论文-英国和美国的文化比较英国和美国的文化比较上了近十多周的“英美文化赏识”我的感触很深，这让我知道了以前从来都不知道的东西，如：教育，政策，习俗……这双方的差异很值得人们去思考，下面就让我简单地说一下英美文化的特点首先是政治：英国的实质就是君主立宪制，君主虽然予以保留，代表国家元首，但只在特定时期是在具有一定实权，并且权利不能超越宪法。

而美国是共和制中的总统责任制，总统拥有党政军大权，集政府首脑、国家元首于一身，但是受三权分立制约。

英国有着悠久的议会民主传统，实行君主立宪制，君主为国家元首，目前是伊莉莎白二世。

英国的立法机关，也就是议会，目前拥有两个议院。

下议院地位较重要，上议院主要是修订法律的机构。

行政机关由首相领导，英国现任首相为工党的托尼〃布莱尔。

通常，首相是在下议院拥有最多席位的政党领袖。

该政党其他主要成员与首相一起组成内阁，即主要的行政机构。

从严格意义上讲，英国并非是一个联邦制的国家，但现任政府最近在苏格兰及威尔士成立了地方分权机构，如设在爱丁堡的苏格兰议会及设在卡地夫的威尔士议会。

英国还试图成立北爱地方分权政府，但是由于各政党之间存在纷争，以至于被暂时搁臵下来。

英格兰和威尔士的立法、司法制度与苏格兰、北爱尔兰大不相同。

同样，苏格兰的法律与英格兰的法律也有不少的差异。

美国是联邦制国家，政权组织形式为总统制，实行三权分立与制衡相结合的政治制度和两党制的政党制度。

由此而进，美国现代自由主义与保守主义关于大、小政府之争的帷幕正式拉开。

美国的国家组织是依据三权分立与联邦制度、二大政治思想而制定，当初在起草宪法时因恐权力过分集中于个人或某一部门将危害人民的自由，因而将立法、司法，行政三种权力分别独立，互相制衡，以避免政府滥权，行政机关是以由人民直接选举的总统为最高行政首长，并以副总统辅之，下设几个行政部门。

政府的权力有联邦政府、州政府之分，宪法起草人根据政府必须接近百姓才不致剥夺人民自由的原则，将有关各州自治权保留给州政府，各州政府本身拥有立法、司法、行政诸权限，联邦政府的权力系以一州政府无法单独行使者为限，如课税、财政、国防、外交、货币银行、出入境管理、对外贸易、国民福利、邮政，以及科学艺术的发展援助等。

英美文化和英美文学评论随着各国之间文化交流的不断开展，英语逐渐成为了世界通用的语言。

在英语的发展过程中，英美文学作品逐渐发展起来。

文学作品与文学评论是同步的，其既表达了作者的真实情感，也体现了国家的文化。

文学评论是对文学作品的思想内容、表达形式等进行解读，理解作出评论，受文化差异的影响，对同一文学作品做出的评论也不近相同。

因此。

英美文化的差异不仅影响着文学作品，也影响着文学评论。

1英美文化差异概述所谓文化，指的是拥有相同社会经验及受过相同教育的许多人共有的心理程序。

就英美两国而言，其文化上的巨大差异，即因其地理环境、历史发展脉络的极大不同，民族个性发展上的巨大差异，造成两国间文化上的巨大差异。

美国历史较短，形成的文化融合了多个民族的特色，其文化具有活力，其向往自由，注重彰显个性，其强调个人价值，崇尚开拓和竞争，有深厚的成就崇拜和英雄崇拜的心理积淀。

相较于美国而言，英国历史相对久远，文化底蕴更加深厚，其特点是祟尚传统、厚重而严肃，其追逐自由、平等。

正因为两国文化的不同，造成了文学评论的差异。

2.英美文化差异对英美文学评论的影响2.1英美语言的差异对英美文学评论的影响文学作品的表达主要通过语言来表达，因此，英美语言的差异对英美文学评论的影响较大。

虽然中美两国的语言都是英语，但是其中英语的表达形式上仍存在较大差异。

对于同一语言，其表达不同，其理解形式也会不同。

英国的英语发展成为英式英语，美国的英语发展成为美式英语，历史的不同，导致两国的习俗、典故不同，从而在语言上有很大的区别。

从语调上来分析，英式英语稳重、严谨，而美式英语更具有创新性，张扬不同的个性。

所以，也是因为两国的差异不同，不能有效的掌握英美文化评论，很難保证对英美两国文化评论的时效性。

2.2文化历史方面的差异对英美文学评论产生的影响英国的文化发展经历了较长的、复杂的演变过程，如文艺复兴阶段、二战阶段等。

文艺复兴时期的欧洲文学在创作方法的发展上达到一个重要阶段，取得了新的成就，在反封建、反教会的斗争中，作家的创作更加丰富，该时期的作家具有时代感与历史感，其强烈的反封建意识已经融入他们的文学作品中，例如在《哈姆雷特》中，将反封建这一思想理念体现的淋漓尽致，通过这一悲剧，作者莎士比亚表达了人们追求平等自由的思想。

The Difference between England andAmericaAbstract: the paper is to show the difference between American and English in several aspects, such as geographical location, cultural environment and the most important part, the language.Key words: Culture Environment,Education,food,Table MannerIntroductionThe paper deals with the The Difference between England and America.Culture is a complex, including knowledge and belief, art, morals, law, custom, and members of the society who acquired as any other capabilities and habits.1. Culture EnvironmentBritain is a traditional European country with long historical tradition continuity, and there had been a hierarchy in British society for a long time. And in UK there always has been a monarchy. So, the British likes to remember past times and old acquaintances, tends to be conservative, and behaves like a gentleman. All these need culture accumulation, and these character and qualities can’t be made if the country is without a long history. However, the U.S. is precisely without a very profound historical accumulation and is a young country. So, the Americans dare to innovate and stress emphasis on personal value. On the other hand, in the United States, there are not a lot of constrains. They feel free to make bold innovations.In addition, there is a great difference in the population composition of the two countries. The United States is a nation of immigrants, people comes from all countries and regions in the world. So, the culture of the United States shows different characteristics. People in American can accept and absorb all the culture factors all over the world. U.S. attitude toward foreign cultures is an open. However, comparing to the United States, the structure of the UK population appears to be simplex.2.Geographical LocationThe geographic location of the United Kingdom and the United States are different, one in European continent, one continent of the America. The United Kingdom, after a long period of development, has been very wealthy, so they are decent and conservative. But at the beginning of the United States, the United States is in a completely unfamiliar and barren continent, the first settlers were called pioneers, so they have to have the courage to take risks. If they do not have the spirit of adventure, they will not be able to survive, not to mention development, the hard environment eventually made the American spirit. In addition, the difference of European culture and American cultural contributes to the difference of the two countries. English suffers from the influence from other European countries, like France, Germany, but American was influenced by the culture of the other countries in American continent as well as the native Indian.3. EducationFrom the educational philosophy of the education system in the United States, there are the characteristics of diversity and openness, international and flexibility, which enable the U.S. Department of Education to ensure educational equity and equality of opportunity to receive education, and take full advantage of the strengths of educational objects, so education is the dynamic, vibrant in American. It also reflects what the Americans have been in pursuit, the freedom and equality. British education has a rigorous style of study and impeccable the education system. The UK has a strict quality control system, the teaching quality evaluation and the research Assessment from all the school in England are announced to the world, higher education institutions in the UK will be checked in a regular routine. This rigorous attitude is also reflected in the assessment of the student. Many students can’t get a degree if they fail in passing the assessment. Ethics and professionalism of Englishteachers ensure the quality of its education. British education also reflects British conservative and rigorous character.4.Traditional English food and confluent American foodBritish food, as we know, is very traditional. They don’t used to change their habit of food very frequently. Like other northern European cuisines, it majors heavily on meats, dairy products, wheat and root vegetables and a diet conductive to manual labor and red-faced citizens. The nineteenth century idea of a varied diet was one with different sorts of meat in it. Milk and vegetables were regarded as not only uneatable raw, but highly dangerous until boiled thoroughly. To a certain extent this is understandable, in an era without refrigeration, when typhoid and cholera could strike even the wealthy; over-cooking everything was probably a sensible course to take. People in English have a special eating habit. Firstly, the main meal in England seems to be eaten in the evening. Secondly, a big English breakfast is not something that many English people seem eat. Most of them have a light meal of cornflakes or toast and marmalade, orange juice and coffee rather than the eggs, sausages, bacon, bread, mushrooms and tomatoes. Fish has always been an important food in Britain. There are jellied eels, kippers or bloaters or crabs and so on. But the most popular of all is fish and chips, splashed with vinegar and eaten in the street out of a paper bag . British have a habit of drinking tea. “A nice cup of tea, the stronger the better”is supposed to be the British cure for all problems. Although many different drinks can be found in Britain, tea is undoubtedly the favorite at any time of the day and is the essential basis of afternoon tea. This is a meal that can vary from tea and a biscuit to the cooked high tea with lots of cakes served in the north. In the south west of England it is usually a cream tea, with home-made scones, strawberry jam and piles of thick clotted cream. People vary seldom have the thin cucumber sandwiches described in novels.American cuisine : The United States is a land of delicious eating. The two concepts essential to understanding US food are regionalism and diversity, accent on the latter.After all, Italian food differs from province to province and city to city as well. But key themes run through Italy’s food from south to north simply because its people have such strong roots in the Italian soil. Not so with the US. A nation of newcomers, its food reflects its origins. Long before Europeans set foot on American soil, vibrant and healthy civilizations nurtured themselves off the bounty of the land. They taught the settlers to plant the holy trinity of Native American cuisine—corn, beans and squash. The settlers returned the favor by nearly exterminating their benefactors, but those three foods played a vital in defining American cuisine. They retain their importance today across the continent—grits, cornbread in the South, tortillas and pinto beans in the Southwest, baked beans and succotash in the Northeast and pumpkin pie just about everywhere for Thanksgiving. American cuisine has come a long way since the early days of corn, beans and squash and along the way it has spawned some unforgettable food. Nonetheless the US remains a great place for great eating. Delicious regional styles remain a great place for great eating. Delicious regional styles remain and the new blood of immigrants sparks the imagination of the finest chefs while making for great inexpensive food in the cities. So come and get it.5. Table MannerAt table, the British people pays special attention to table manners, such as, they should not talk at table, should not beat tableware as well. They have a strict requirement on how to use knives and forks. While Americans on the relatively few occasions will do so, they like fast and convenient food, they do not require delicate or luxury dinner but they pay more attention to popular food. American favorite food is known as KFC, McDonald's and pizza hut, the junk food. This diet keeps the American obesity rate high. But from the diet habits, it is not difficult for us to find that the American do everything vigorously and resolutely and do not stick to the trifles.ConclusionIn a word, there are lots of different conventions in the British and the American’s culture. These conventions can be easy found in their daily life. They are all the symbols of the society development. They made us know a lot about the culture in the European countries. So if you have any interests on it, try to learn something about that and I’m sure we can benefit from it more . we can see that the British are sensitive, restrained, conservative, they tend to be rational rigorous and gentlemanly. By comparison, Americans are warm and cheerful, bold and frank. They are with a spirit of adventure and innovation.Reference[1]Brown, G. and G. Yule. Discourse Analysis[M]. London: Cambridge University Press, 1983.[2]Deng,Yanchang&Liu,Runqing. language and culture[M].Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 1989.[3]Hu,Wenzhong&C.H.Grove Encountering the Chinese[M]. Yarmouth: Intercutural Press, Inc 1991.[4Maryanne&Joann&Edward.American ways—An Introduction to American Culture[M]. Beijing: The World Books Publishing House , 2006.[5]Xu,Lisheng.Intercultural Communication in English[M]. Shanghai:Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press , 2004.[6]Yang,Min&Wang,Keqi&Wang, Hengzhang.An Outline of the Traditional Chinese Culture [M].Beijing: China Ocean University Publishing House, 2003.[7]Zhang , Ailin.Intercultural Communication[M]. Chongqing: Chongqing University Publishing House 2003.[8]高一虹.语言文化差异的认识与超越[M]. 北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2000-2.[9]胡文仲.跨文化交际学概论[M]. 北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1999.[10]何毅.中西文化比较[M]. 北京：冶金工业出版社，2007-9.[11]简孙.中国结·美国梦: 中美文化差异趣谈[M]. 河南：河南人民出版社，2006.[12]李军.中西文化比较[M]. 北京：中国人民大学出版社，2010-1.[13]王易.中西文化比较概论[M]. 北京：航空工业出版社，1999-08.[14]杨海庆.中西文化差异及汉英语言文化比较[M]. 北京：知识产权出版社，2005.[15]张从益.文化语言学研究[M]. 陕西：西北工业大学出版社，2009.。

英美文学文化分析关于英美文学文化分析论文摘要：在世界多极化和经济全球化的趋势日益明显的新形势下，注重跨文化意识的培养显得尤为重要。

本文从英美文学教学的角度出发，探讨了通过英美文学教学培养跨文化意识的重要性，培养跨文化意识应遵循的原则以及利用英美文学培养跨文化意识的教学思路。

随着国际经济、文化、政治等领域发展步伐的加快，交流日益频繁，世界多极化和经济全球化的趋势日益明显，国际交往合作更加频繁，国际交流也越来越广泛，多种文化相互交汇碰撞、交流融合，在这种环境下，如果不了解英美国家的风俗文化、行为习惯、思想观念和价值取向，不同文化间就会产生误解甚至冲突，影响交际的顺利进行。

由此，外语教学中，关注目标语文化，提高跨文化意识，注重跨文化交际能力的培养就显得尤为的重要。

“跨文化意识”是指外语学习者对于其所学习的目的语文化具有较好的知识掌握和较强的适应能力与交际能力，能像目的语本族人的思维一样来思考问题并作出反映，以及进行各种交往活动。

具有“跨文化意识”的外语学习者能自觉地消除在与目的语本族人进行交往时可能碰到的各种障碍，以保证整个交往过程的有效性。

外语教学不仅仅是语言知识的学习，语言是文化的载体，又是文化的一部分，外语教学的目的是提高学生的跨文化交际能力，包括文化知识和文化意识。

文学又是文化的一种特殊表现形式，始终与文化相伴相生。

因此，通过英美文学认识英美文化、培养跨文化意识是一种有效的教学途径。

一、英美文学教学是培养跨文化意识的有效途径首先，文学是文化的重要载体和民族个性的重要表现形式。

文学作品所包含的文化知识、文学知识及其具有的哲学、人文、美学等价值是某一民族社会文化的缩影，是学生了解英语民族的政治、经济、社会生活、思想观念、风土人情等文化因素最鲜活、最丰富、最直接的材料。

通过英美文学认识英美文化和国民性格是一种基于文化认知和文化认可的跨文化交流层次，它的重心是拓宽学生的文化视野和思想疆域，提高综合人文素质，培养跨文化交际的意识和能力。

Though English and Chinese can be used to convey the intended meanings equally well, the obligatory explicit grammatical markers are larger in number in English than in Chinese and they are used more frequently in English than in Chinese too.
At that time, since France was culturally more advanced than England, it was natural that French words were regarded as more elegant than English words and thus used more in formal and literary contexts. RestRest-repose, room-chamber, bear-endure, loveroombearloveaffection, house-mansion, king-sovereign, etc. housekingWords borrowed from Latin are usded mainly in academic writings or legal, religious or official documents. (P.71)
Grammatical explicitness in English Grammatical implicitness in Chinese Examples： Examples： 1. We are students. vs. 我们都是学生。 2. He came to Beijing in 1978.vs. 他1978 年到北京。

关于英美文学的论文英美文学作为世界文学史上的一颗璀璨明珠,不仅向世界文坛展示了英美文学的丰富内涵、人文主义情怀,还向世界民众呈现了英美民族悠久的历史和独特的文化传统。

下文是店铺为大家整理的关于英美文学的论文的范文，欢迎大家阅读参考!关于英美文学的论文篇1论英美文学作品鉴赏教学摘要：随着国际交流日益广泛，培养国际化人才已成为现代社会高等教育的一项重要任务。

本文阐述了英美文学鉴赏教学对于培养学生语言能力素养、跨文化意识和人文精神的重要作用，通过探索和改进文学教学方法，提出了调动学生积极性，建立以学生为主体、教师为主导，课堂面授与网络教学相结合的全新立体化教学思路。

关键词：英美文学教学跨文化人文精神近年来，在经济全球化浪潮的冲击下，我国英美文学教学面临着困境。

在“实用主义”影响下，许多院校注重开设与市场关系较大的实用性课程，如外贸英语、商务英语、旅游英语等，英美文学的教学内容和课时量都被大幅度地压缩，文学课程受到冷落已经是不可回避的事实。

文学语言具有艺术性、形象性，且精美凝练，是培养学生跨文化交际能力最好的选择，忽视语言文化内涵的英语教学，只会导致学生对语言的理解和把握只停留在比较肤浅的层次上。

高校英美文学鉴赏教学应该摒弃传统的教学模式，利用先进的多媒体技术增加教学的形象性与趣味性，形成一门大学生人文素质课程，通过对文学作品的鉴赏培养学生良好的语言应用能力、人文素质、文学修养和跨文化交际能力。

一、阅读英美文学作品的意义1.感受语言魅力文学是语言的艺术，是人类文化中最璀璨的珍宝，是语言大师经过加工提炼的语言，学生可以接触到小说、散文、诗歌、戏剧、传记等各种题材作品中最为丰富的语言现象。

英语表意功能强，或典雅深邃，或诙谐幽默;或含蓄婉约，或明快粗犷。

其凝练精美、形象生动的语言在英美作家作品里得到了淋漓尽致的体现。

通过阅读优秀的英美文学作品，学生可以感受英语音乐性的韵律美，品味作家的写作风格与语言特色。

作品本身的语言结构、修辞手段、韵律等特征让读者感受语言的多样性和丰富性，提高语言理解与表达能力和对作品的鉴赏力，使读者感受艺术的熏陶。

1.“British history has been a history of invasion.” Please illustrate this point with theexamples from the text. How did each of the invasions influence English culture?British history has been a history of invasions. Before the first century AD Britain was made up of many tribal kingdoms of Celtic people: a powerful culture originating in central Europe. Then in 43AD Britain was invaded by the Roman empire, and England and Wales (though not Scotland or Ireland) became a part of the Roman empire for nearly 400 years. Two more groups of invaders were to come after the English: from the late 8th century on, raiders from Scandinavia, the ferocious Vikings, threatened Britain's shores….2.What is the political problem in Northern Ireland？Until 1921 the full name of the UK was "The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", not only "Northern Ireland", because the whole island of Ireland was politically integrated with Great Britain, and had been since 1801, while Britain's domination of the Irish dated back centuries even before that date. But Irish desires for an independent Irish state were never lost, and one of the key issues in late nineteenth century British politics was a campaign in parliament for what was called "home-rule"—Irish political control of Irish affairs. The Home Rule Bill was finally passed in 1914, but the process was overtaken by the First World War and was suspended for the duration of the war.3.What were some of the causes of the American Revolution? Explain theDeclaration of independence?the causes of the American Revolution(1), The French & Indian War (1756-1763)The desire of England to levy more taxes on the colonies and the desire of the colonists to have more right and freedom made the conflicts intensified(2), The EnlightenmentIt provided the colonists with a theoretical & philosophical weapon against the British rule and marked the formation and maturity of the new nation(3),The British Mercantilist Policy, such as Sugar Act, Currency Act, Stamp Act, Tea Act, etc.(4),Boston Tea Party (1773)In 1773, the British government passed the Tea Act, which permitted the British East India Company to sell tea directly to its agents in the colonies. This Act made many merchants angrier than ever with the British.(5), Outbreak: The first shot in Lexington (April, 1775)The Declaration of Independence (1776), drafted in June, 1776, is at once a national s ymbol of liberty and a monument to Jefferson as a statesman and author. In lofty eloq uence and unforgettable phrasing, the document expressed the convictions in the heart s and minds of the American people.4.Tell what you know about the British media.British people usually read a national or local newspaper, watch TV, listen to the radio at their leisure time.The British media plays an important role in British political system: inform the population about problems the country may be facing and what the government is doing to solve such problems. In engendering a national culture: people from different field all share the same experience, they could discuss what they had read or seen——British are all part of the British culture.The British media has the following functions:•Provide people with information about political and social issues•Provide weather reports•Carry advertising•Used for educational purposes•Provide a forum for people to express their views•Seek advice•Give people entertainment•Serve for the political and economic system•Work as a monitor5.How did the Cold War begin? What role did the US play in this?There were deep-rooted ideological, economic and political differences between the United States and the Soviet Union before the Second World War. These differences were intensified as a result of their mutual suspicions immediately after the Second World War.(1) Underlying causes: (i) Ideological ; (ii) Economic (iii) Power rivalry(2) Immediate Causes Leading to the Cold War: (i) Extension of Russian influence in Europe ; (ii) The reactions of the United States; (iii) Poor relations between the United States and the Soviet Union .6.Discuss King John and the Great Charter.King John is the youngest of five sons of King Henry II of England. He was the king of England from 1199 until his death in 1216.The Great Charter has been also known as Magna Carta which King John was forced to sign in 1215. Its most important clauses were: no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council; no freeman should be arrested, imprisoned, or deprived of his property except by the law of the land; the Church should possess all its rights; London and other towns should retain their ancient rights. But the Great Charter said nothing about serfs. The Great Charter has been regarded as the foundation of English liberties, a guarantee of the freedom of the Church and a limitation of the powers of the king.7.What do you think of the British foreign relations?The general direction of Britain’s foreign policy is mainly decided by the Prime Minister and Cabinet.Britain’s relationship with international institutions1) one of the 5 permanent members of the UN Security Council— Russia,China, the US, France and the UK2) its membership in the European Union(Britain joined the EuropeanEconomic Community in 1973, which has been called European Union since 1993.Britain’s participation i n the EU remains controversial.)3) involvement in NATO (The North Atlantic Treaty Organization was set up in1949. The author believes that the purpose of NATO is to protect member states against aggression, to provide a foundation for security in Europe, and to providea forum for transatlantic defense cooperation.)4) a member of the Commonwealt h, a voluntary association of states which ismade up of mostly of former British colonies.5. its relationship with the US. British and American policy-makers share thegeneral ideas in many respects. However, Britain’s “special relationship” with the US has gone through many ups and down.8.Discuss the education system in the USA.The federal government influences education and contributes financially to school’s development. The state establishes policies for the educational policy and practice it.All states require young people to attend schools. Every child in America is guaranteed up to 13 years of education(1) Elementary Education--- Elementary School (grammar school)—fromkindergarten to grade 8 .Almost every elementary school provides instruction in these subjects: mathematics; language arts; penmanship(书法); science; social studies……(2) Secondary education--- Junior high school/ Senior high school/ V ocationalschools and technical school (prepare for occupations)(3) Higher education in the USA began with the founding of Harvard College in1636.1/3 high school graduators go on for higher education.There are four categories of higher education institutions: 1),the university; 2),the 4-year undergraduate institution: the college- most of which are not part of a university; 3),the technical training institution: learning variety of technical skills: hair styling, business accounting; 4),the 2-year, or community college.9.How do you comment on the holidays and festivals in Britain?Many festivals and holidays in Britain are centuries old. Every town, village and hamlet in Britain has its own traditions, some involving months of careful planning and preparations of costumes and choreography, others requiring simplya worrying desire to make a complete and utter fool of oneself. There are a lot ofholidays, such as Christmas, the Boxing Day, Easter, Bonfire Night (Guy Fawkes Night) ,etc.10.Tell what you know about “Football hooligans” and “Wimbledon”.Football was invented in Britain. It is a rough fast game played in winter and early spring. Today, it is one of the most popular sports in Britain. Millions of people watch the FA Cup games. But in recent years, people are much concerned about football violence“Football hooligans”are supporters of rival teams. They sometimes clash before, during and after matches and occasionally run riot through the town, breaking windows and beating each other up.Tennis was invented in Britain and owes its origins to the church. Wimbledon is a suburb in London. In Wimbledon, the world’s best players gather to compete in the annual international tennis championship. It is one of the major events of the Britishsporting calendar and probably the most famous tennis event in the world. Besides actually watching the tennis matches, other activities closely associated with the "Wimbledon fortnight" are eating strawberries and cream, drinking champagne and hoping that it doesn’t rain.11.How do you comment on the Political System in the USA?The U.S. Constitution established three separate but equal branches of government, the legislative branch (which makes the law), the executive branch (which enforces the law), and the judicial branch (which interprets the law).Under a system of checks and balances, power is divided among different branches of government. This system is based upon the idea that each branch will be protective of its own power and, thus, prevent, intrusions upon it from other branches–thereby preventing any one branch of government from becoming too powerful.12.What is the Open University in Britain? What do you think of this system?In 1963 the leader of the Labour Party made a speech explaining plans for a “ university of the air”--an educational system which would make use of television，radio and correspondence courses. Study centers have been set up all over the country so that students can attend once a week，and once a year they will spend a week at one of the university s summer schools.It has been nearly 30 years since the Open University started to offer courses. Now it is a very important part of the British educational system. Not only does it offer foundation courses like those mentioned above，it also carries out very advanced scientific researches，some of which lead to Master s or PHD Degrees. Many othercountries have started similar educational programmes following the successful example of the Open University in Britain.。

英美文学论文范文英美文学,是指英国的文学和美国的文学代表作品,长期以来,英美文学在世界文学史上占有重要的意义,也给现代文学的发展指引和引导了重要的方向。

下面是店铺为大家整理的英美文学论文，供大家参考。

英美文学论文范文一：多元化英美文学教学方法及意义我国自1953年开始在高校英语专业学生中开设英美文学课到现在已有近60年的历史，英美文学课作为英语专业学生的高年级主干课程，在整个课程体系中占有重要地位。

2000年教育部颁发的《高等学校英语专业教学大纲》规定：文学课程的目的在于培养学生阅读、欣赏、理解英语文学原著的能力、掌握文学批评的基本知识和方法，通过阅读和分析英美文学作品，促进学生语言基本功和人文素质的提高，增强学生对西方文学及文化的了解。

由此可见，文学课教学在提高学生的语言功底，全面提升大学生人文素质方面起着重要的作用。

然而，英美文学课对于学生的“内在”气质培养是需要花费一定时间的，需要学生在课上积极参与，课下静心研读经典并吸收其中的人文知识财富。

然而，随着商品经济的触角不断深入到社会的每个角落及其网络文化的迅速崛起，高校学生越来越重视诸如英语口语、商务英语、旅游英语等实用性课程及其网络上的快餐文化，社会导向使得学生越来越不屑于花时间潜下心来认真研读经典的文学作品。

笔者曾在我省六所理工科院校做过一项调查，结果显示，能在课余时间阅读文学经典作品的学生只占被调查学生总数的8%，而62%的学生将诸如演讲技巧、交际能力、创业秘诀之类的书放在了课余阅读的首位。

在这种背景之下，文学课教学也遇到了诸多困难，甚至一些高校为了迎合社会上的这种趋势竟压缩英美文学课时，使得英美文学课呈现出被边缘化了的趋势。

不少著名语言学者感慨：现在的语言专业学生的口语表达能力很好，但内在修养素质欠佳，对所学语言国家的思想观念、价值取向、风俗文化知之甚少，学生几乎成为了一个个语言与翻译的机器。

为了有效激发学生对英美文学课的兴趣，充分发挥英美文学的教学及其育人作用，不少学者对高校英美文学的教学现状做出过富有成效的调查，本文结合前期的英美文学教学调查报告成果，提出了多元、复合式的英美文学教学方法不仅能够有效提高课堂教学质量，激发学生对英美文学课的热爱，而且能够提高学生的整体素质和思辨能力，并进一步探讨了复合式英美文学教学方法的意义及与传统“四段论”的教学方式作出了比较。

The attitude towards death between Chinese and westernClass 2 of Software engineeringNumber 88Name ChenAbstract: Chinese traditional culture is influenced by Confucian, Taoist and Buddhist and forms its characteristic thought a long history .people's views on death is under the influence of these ideas and they always take a negative attitude to it. They believe that death is a symbol of grief and fear to talk about it in daily life. The western is mainly under the influence of Christian culture which thinks death is returning to the heavenly father in peace. Their views on death are much more positive than the traditional Chinese views. Chinese people knew little about death, so they can't accept death in daily life. When they face death, their performances are out of fear, rather than face reality and accept it. That is the reason why they can not "be kind to" death.Key words: Death, Fear, Peaceful;Immortal on the mysticism in WesternThe mainly view about life and death in Western culture is immortal on the mysticism .Westerners believe that in order to escape from death, they would have to be achieved through faith in God. For all people, life and death depends on God, individuals have no choice. "For whoever wants to save his life will lose lives, where I lost out of life "First of all, they think the only meaning of life is death and only after death (the Resurrection) is truly meaningful. However, not the people longing for death, because they must be subjected to General mental suffering under the oppression of God and natural death, otherwise, it is contrary to God's will, which is impossible to have a resurrection after death. When a person was born, it is the beginning of the journey of life to death, As Engels said: "be born with the dead.” [1] Life and death are two aspects of the problem. Their Outlook on life and death mainly in the following aspects:1. Face to death, purse for triumphed. A number of ancient Greece philosophers regard people as is the combination of physical life and the soul; Plato considered that the soul is forever. It independents on the body, gives thought and wisdom to flesh. Therefore Philosophy is the study of "practice of death", death is "the liberation of soul left the body out of prisons". [2] Death is not terrible, what terrible is flesh obsessed with joy and can not promote its meanings. Christian views about death were based on philosophy and developed a new way of life ". [3] that is the reason why the West dares to face up to the death. In their life, they put more attention to purse their goals rather than to think about death.2. Responsibility is the core of life’s value .Nowadays the modern Western philosophies are not only concerned about the deaths, but also take more attention to the health, happiness of living. They think that the world after death makes no sense for present and treasures the time they have is more important. “Life is meaningful in the world, because of the death. If in a world where we did not die, and the life would not be meaningful "said by Heidegger, a philosophy of death. His philosophy also known as "philosophy of responsibility", he did not discuss the death itself simply ,but "analysis the influence of death in life status and remodeling the values , the meanings and the sense of power about life,". [4] Death means the end of health, but responsibility is every one should undertake. Only in this way, can their lives make sense.3. Quality of life and death is consistent. In no long ago, most Western countries still see euthanasia as murder or crime, but in recent years more and more people advise that the law should be changed, which euthanasia is no longer being treated as a crime. It suggests that the Western culture on the issues of life and death is growing focus on quality. Euthanasia implementation indicates that Westerners gradually establish a new Outlook on life. They are willing to leave peaceful rather than live painfully. The quality of living and death value is united; maybe this is the one of rational distillation of progress and civilization.Evasive to deathChinese traditional culture is influenced by Confucian, Taoist and Buddhist and forms its characteristic thought a long history. The similar of them is tells people how to live longer and does not teach them to think about death directly and deeply. So the views toward death of Chinese are as following:1. Escape to death, focusing on contemporary life. Chinese traditional culture is mainly dominated by Confucian culture; therefore Chinese concept of death is influenced deeply by the Confucian culture. As Confucius said: "unknown how to live, how to know the death?" He told people the truth, which is putting more attention to the real pleasures of life and do not think too much about the world after they die. In some case, Chinese Confucian culture taboo is one of the roots that causes Chinese people dare not face to death and fear of death. So, their views to death seems is open-minded and optimistic, but actually it hides a deep sorrow and fear about it.2. Pursue the loyalty value of society and think little about individual. Chinese culture put the loyalty effect of society on the first place, which is advocating sacrificed individual for political reasons in the cultural history of China. they advocate the social value as the meaning of life, rather than the natural value. When facing death threats, those who sacrificethemselves without hesitates for the value of society will be spoken highly and the government encourages its citizens to do it like that. In other words, the Chinese are live for society and the value of death is assessed by the society too.3. Death for the society value is the sublimation of spirit. In order to achieve ideal personality, the Chinese are willing to dedicate their life for the important things, which is good for the progress of society. In Chinese culture, devote to the Justice is seen as sacrificing for personality sublimation .This attitude of life and death is similar to west, which pursuits the quality of life firstly. But this attitude in Chinese people are different from the western, for we have ignored the original meaning of life, ignored the feeling of life itself and ignored many details on the death experience, such as relatives’and friends’ feelings. Most of them may suffer from mental burdens such as fear, anxiety and suicide. Death in this case is great, but it may hurt the living people who still love you.The meaning of thinking about deathIt is a good way to think about the value of death by compared the views between Chinese and western. It can not only tell us how to face death peaceful but also help us to build the right attitude toward death.Take the phenomenon of commit suicide among teenagers in china as an example. As the development of society, people put more attention to their work and concerned less about their child, the young confuse about life and death. Without the right attitude toward death, they can not know the meaning of life. Western views toward death are meaningful for us to study and Chinese views can teach us to have a meaningful life. Only absorb all them can we build the right attitude toward death.注：[1]《马克思恩格斯选集》第3卷，第570页[2]转引自毕治国：《死亡哲学》，黑龙江人民出版社1989年版，第40页[3]姚新中、焦国成：《中西方人生哲学比论》，中国人民大学出版社2001年版，第356页[4]金羽辰、徐辛夷：《海德格尔“死亡哲学”评析》，《求索》1998年第6期参考文献a.靳风林：《国内外死亡学研究的现状及其展望》，人大复印资料《伦理学》2000年第10期b.《培养学生的心理承受力》，《上海译报》1999年12月9日；c.托德编译：《英国学校拟开“死亡”课》《山东教育》2000年第10期d.《孟子·告子章句上》e.《论人的使命》别尔嘉耶夫著，张百春译：，学林出版社2001年版，。

中美文化的差异首先定义文化。

中国，作为一个拥有五千年历史的东方国家，其文化源远流长、博大精深。

中国的文化被赋予了极其特殊的东方色彩，形成了独具特色的一种文化。

美国，作为西方的一个资本主义大国，其文化具有极其特殊的西方主义色彩，吸引着世界各地的人去探索和了解。

生活在地球两面的两个国家，不论是在饮食还是在语言方面或是风俗习惯方面都有很大的不同，各具特色，使得世界文化更加的多样化。

两国文化是从什么时候开始的呢？中国是唯一拥有官方记录的历史的国家。

距今约4000多年前，以中原地区为中心开始出现聚落组织进而成国家和朝代，后历经多次演变和朝代更迭，众多民族融和而成为中华民族。

1949年中华人民共和国成立后，在中国大陆建立了人民代表大会制度的政体。

（加上照片上的英语文字）首先，中国与美国的节假日有很大的不同。

在中国，最大的节日就是正月初一的春节。

这一天的前一天晚上是除夕。

在除夕之前，我们会在门上贴上红色的对联，挂上红色的灯笼（红色在中国一向是代表喜庆的颜色）。

在除夕的晚上的五六点的时候，家家户户会在自己的门前放鞭炮和烟火，老人说是为了赶走年兽，后来演变成了一个习惯，主要是为了来年的平安吉祥，当然也是为了热闹和喜庆。

午夜十二点的时候，我们就会煮水饺吃，预示着新一年的开始，这一晚我们称为守岁。

初一的早晨我们会起的很早，吃过早饭后，同辈的人就会聚集到一块儿，去给长辈们拜年。

初一早晨是给同乡的人百年，以后的几天就是去给距离远的亲戚拜年。

过完了春节，就迎来了正月十五的元宵节。

在这一天我们会吃汤圆，会五彩斑斓的灯会，整整一条街，全是形态各异的灯，特别漂亮。

其实元宵节也算是年的一个收尾吧。

一般过了元宵节，该上班的上班了，该上学的就上学了。

接下来就是四月四号的清明节，这一天是专门为了祭祀逝去的人的。

然后就是五月初五端午节，这一天是为了纪念诗人屈原而设立的。

这一天我们会在门上挂艾草，会吃粽子。

接下来便是七月初七七夕节，这一天是牛郎与织女分离的日子（牛郎织女是中国古老的神话之一），相传如果这一天喜鹊会为他们搭桥，让他们见面。