第6课The Miao Dragon Boat Festival (II)The Miao Dragon Boat Festival is different from / differs from the Hans’ / that of the Hans / the Han celebration. Apart from / Besides / In addition to a different date of celebration from that of the Hans’ (which takes place / happens / is celebrated on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month) , it generally does not include a dragon boat race, but (it) chiefly (includes) visits to friends and relatives in other villages instead. The dragon boat begins its voyage along the river early in the morning / in the early morning, and is received by friends and relatives wherever / at any place where it stops / arrives.When it approaches / comes near a village, an iron blaster is set off to announce its arrival / inform friends and relatives (of its arrival). Villagers on the bank respond with firecrackers / set off firecrackers in response and come to meet it. The hosts present two cups of rice wine to each oarsman / present each oarsman with two cups of rice wine and then tie / fasten gifts—ducks, geese, and colored silks—(on) to the head of the dragon. Gifts for close relatives, like / such as sons-in-law or cousins, are pigs or goats.At about 4 p.m. the boat stops alongside the river bank. The people on the boat eat, with their fingers / without using bowls and chopsticks, meat and glutinous rice balls (which are) placed on the sides of the boat. Women and children on the bank come to “beg”the boatmen for food. Legend had it that if one ate food from a dragon boat, he would be free from disaster and have all his wishes fulfilled, / eating food from a dragon boat would protect one from disaster and fulfill all one’s wishes, which / and that later became a tradition / traditional custom.On the banks of the river are also held / there are also the Miaos’traditional horse races, bullfights and drum dances. Girls in holiday clothes / holiday attire / holiday array / their holiday best dance to (the accompaniment of) (log) drums / (log) drum beats. Young men and women sing antiphonally all through the festival nights; they get to know each other / get acquainted with each other thereby, and often get married / become man and wife later.第7课大本钟大本钟是伦敦最有名的地标之一，也是世界上最大的四钟面时钟之一。
英汉互译实用教程（郭著章）第二章翻译过程及词义确定本章内容概述：翻译过程:1. 理解原文2. 译文表达3. 校核阶段翻译过程：理解原文⏹1. 理解语言现象a.词汇现象b.语法现象⏹2.理解逻辑关系⏹3.理解所涉及事物理解原文：理解语言现象译者必须上下有联系地理解原文的词汇含义、句法结构和惯用法等理解原文：理解语言现象a.词汇现象：根据上下文确定词义⏹Eg.1. Life is full of ups and downs.人生充满了欢乐与痛苦。
⏹He has seen the ups and downs in the history of ⏹the relations between the two countries.⏹他经历了两国关系史上的分分合合。
a.词汇现象：根据上下文确定词义Eg. 2. The wedding ,which Heyward still remembered with pride ,was attended by a who's who of Boston Society.赫华德仍然记得，参加婚礼的人中有波士顿的一位社会名流，这使他感到十分得意。
a.词汇现象：根据上下文确定词义Eg.3. There was no lady about him. He was what the woman would call a manly man. That was why they like him.他这人没有一点女人气。
他是女人们称之为男子汉的那种人。
这正是他们喜欢他的原因所在。
a.词汇现象：根据上下文确定词义4. My handwriting was so bad that after taking dictation, I couldn’t translate it.辨识、辨认a.词汇现象：根据词性确定词义Eg.5. On his way home he bought some apples at a fruit stand.摊位他回家时，在路上的水果摊上买了些苹果。
英汉互译2、基本信息二、课程描述〃英汉互译〃系英语专业技能必修课程，这是一门操作性、技巧性很强的课程，它涉及两种语言和各方面的知识，是专业英语学生必须掌握的基础课程。
翻译是用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思想内容、感情、风格等忠实地重新表现出来的语言活动。
针对已获得基础语言水平和交际能力的英语专业学生，帮助其学习和掌握英汉互译基本技能，使学生能够针对各类文本体裁，较准确、流畅地进行汉英英汉双向笔译，为国际交流与合作培养高质量的笔译人才。
通过自评、互评和教师评阅等环节，重点训练学生在源语听辨、口译记忆、交传笔记、数字口译、信息重组、口译产出、话语分析、跨文化交际意识和口译职业化等放啊民的额实际应用能力。
通过学习，学生能够掌握基本的交传口译技巧，如记忆、笔记、综述、信息的快速分析、数字转换、连贯表达等;掌握不同口译场合所需的口译策略;轻松完成基本的商务口译任务，如外贸谈判、投资洽谈、会展口译、礼仪口译、旅游口译、联络陪同口译等。
三、教学目标通过本课程学习，使学生具备如下能力：1、本课程旨在培养学生对翻译工作的认识，了解翻译基础理论和英、汉两种语言的异同，掌握英汉两种语言互相转换的规律，掌握翻译的基本技巧，并能胜任普通的笔译工作。
2、学生通过一学期的学习和训练，能基本掌握英汉语言的显著差异，能够在达意、准确、连贯和忠实四个层面不断提高笔译水平；能够针对不同本文语境，流畅地进行汉英英汉双向，尤其是汉英笔译工作。
3、通过本课程的学习，要求学生能运用翻译理论和技巧将英美报刊文章及文学作品译成汉语，或将我国报刊、杂志上的文章或一般文学作品译成英语，翻译速度为每小时450 个英文单词左右，译文忠实于原著，语义流畅。
四、课程目标对毕业要求的支撑五、教学内容第1 章Going Global and Translation （支撑课程目标2、3）重点内容：翻译助力“走出去”的意义、条件、方法难点内容：中国文化走出去，翻译如何行教学内容：1、走出去的困惑2、名家推荐3、翻译思维4、跨文化交际意识5、翻译职业意识第2章Lexical Selection （支撑课程目标1、2、3）重点内容：词义选择难点内容：语篇中的词义选择教学内容：1、词语的意义2、语境意义3、搭配意义4^原型意义5、翻译评析第 3 章Variety of Translation重点内容：一词多义的翻译难点内容：语篇中的一词多义现象教学内容：1、汉语词语翻译的多样性2、汉语成语翻译的多样性3、汉语句子翻译的多样性4、翻译评析（TEM8）第 4 章Equivalence重点内容：对等译法难点内容：意义对等而非形式对等教学内容：1、警惕“假朋友”2、语境辨析与逻辑常识3、成语的对等译4、谚语的对等译6、翻译评析第 5 章Amplification, Reduction重点内容：增词与删减难点内容：增词与删减策略的语篇运用教学内容：1、出于语法需要的增词2、出于语义与修辞需要的增词3、范畴词删减4、语义重复的删减第 6 章Transproperty重点内容：词类转换难点内容：转性译法的运用教学内容：1、汉语动词转移2、汉语名词转移3、汉语形容词或副词转移4、翻译评析第7 章Hypotaxis & Parotaxis重点内容：意合与形合难点内容：意合向形合的转换教学内容：（支撑课程目标1、2）（支撑课程目标1、2、3）（支撑课程目标1、2）（支撑课程目标1、2）（支撑课程目标1、2、3）1、汉语意合的特点2、意合的实现手段4、英语形合的特点5、形合的实现手段6、翻译评析第8 章Documentary Translation （支撑课程目标2、3）重点内容：讲好中国故事，再议文献翻译难点内容：逻辑、严谨、选词教学内容：1、当今时代的中国故事2、译文的严谨性3、译文的逻辑性4、斟酌选词留有余地5、头重脚轻与头轻脚重六、教学安排该课程每周2学时，16周，16学时为课堂授课教学时间，16学时为课内实践教学（模拟口译、小组演练、同行评议）时间。
