(word完整版)高考英语状语从句专项训练.doc
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专题十一状语从句
状 从句在高考 中由于其他从句的干 ,以及倒装句, 句的介入,使得状 从句更 复 。状 从句是一种副 性从句,通常由一个从属 或一个起 作用的 引 。 状 从句
1. 时间状语从句
常 的 ( ) : when, while, as, before, after, once, till, until, as soon as, now that, hardly ...when, scarcely ...when, no sooner ...than 等。 可以引 状 从句的副(介) (短 )或名 短 : directly, instantly, immediately, by the time, the moment, the second, the minute, the instant, every time, each time, next time, the last time 等。 注意点如下: (1) when, while, as 引 的 状 从句 as 表示“当⋯⋯的 候”,往往和 when/ while 通用,但它着重 主句与从句的 作或事情同 或几乎同
生。 when(at or during the time) 既可以表示在某一点的 候,又可以表示在某一段 内,主句与从句的
作或事情可以同 生也可以先后 生。 while 一段 , 表示从句和主句的 作同 生,并且有延 意
, 从句中的 一般要用延 性 ,从句中常用 去 行 或一般 去 ;当 when表示 a period of time ,两者可以互 。
She came up as I was cooking.( 同 ) 在我做 ,她走了 来。 When we were at school, we went to the library every day.( 在一段 内 ) 当我 在学校 ,每天都去 。 While they were watching TV, I was preparing myself for the coming examination.
他 在看 ,而我在 即将到来的考 做准 。
Strike while the iron is hot. 趁 打 。 ( 不可用 as或 when, 里的 while 意思是“趁⋯⋯”)
when, while ,as引 状 从句的区
when , while , as 然都可以引 状 从句,但用法区 非常大。
一、 when可以和延 性 用,也可以和短 性 用;而 while 和 as只能和延 性 用。
① Why do you want a new job when you've got such a good one already ?( get 短 性
)你已 找到如此好的工作, 何 想再找新的?
② Sorry , I was out when you called me.( call 短 性 ) 不起,你打 我 好外出了。
③ Strike while the iron is hot .( is 延 性 ,表示一种持 的状 )趁 打 。
④ The students took notes as they listened .( listen 延 性 )学生 听 做笔 。
二、 when从句的 可以在主句 作之前、之后或同 生; while 和as从句的 作必 是和主句
作同 生。
1.从句 作在主句 作前 生,只用 when。
① When he had finished his homework,he took a short rest .( finished 先 生) 当他完成作 后,
他休息了一会儿。
② When I got to the airport , the guests had left .( got to 后 生)当我赶到 机 ,客人
已 离开了。
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2.从句 作和主句 作同 生,且从句 作 延 性 ,
① When / While / As we were dancing , a stranger
一位陌生人走了 来。
② When / While / As she was making a phonecall
)当她在打 ,我正在写信。 WORD 格式整理版
when, while , as都可使用。
came in .( dance 延 性 )当我 跳舞 ,
, I was writing a letter .( make 延 性
3.当主句、 从句 作同 行, 从句 作的 概念淡化, 而主要表示主句 作 生的背景或条件 , 只能用 as。
, as常表示“随着⋯⋯”;“一 ⋯⋯,一 ⋯⋯”之意。
① As the time went on,the weather got worse .( as表示“随着⋯⋯”之意)
② The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases .随着高度的增加,大气越
来越稀薄。
③ As years go by, China is getting stronger and richer .随着 一年一年 去,中国 得越来越
富 了。
④ The little girls sang as they went .小姑娘 一 走,一 唱。
⑤ The sad mother sat on the roadside ,shouting as she was crying . 心的 坐在路 , 哭
叫。
4.在将来 从句中,常用 when,且从句 用一般 代替将来 。
① You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it .在我 完 本 后,你可以借
。
② When the manager comes here for a visit next week, I'll talk with him about this .下
周, 理来 参 ,我会和他 此事。
三、 when用于表示“一⋯⋯就⋯⋯”的句型中(指 去的事情)。
sb.had hardly (= scarcely ) done sth .when...= Hardly / Scarcely had sb.done sth .when...
① I had hardly /scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door .=
Hardly / Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door .我 一 上眼,
就有人在敲 了。
② I had hardly /scarcely entered my room when the telephone rang .= Hardly /
Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang .我 一走 房 , 就响了。
(2) before 引 状 从句 的常 重点句型 ① It
will (not) be ...before ... 要⋯⋯才,要不了多久就⋯⋯ It was (not) ...before ... 了⋯⋯才 ( 没多久就⋯⋯) It was a long time before I got to sleep.
了好 我才睡着了。
It wasn t long before he told me about the news.
没多久他就告 了我那条新 。
② 不等⋯⋯就⋯⋯; 在⋯⋯之前就⋯⋯
The telephone rang off before I could answer it.
我 没来得及接 , 就挂断了。 ③ ⋯⋯就⋯⋯
He hardly entered the room before he heard the telephone ring. 他 屋 就响了。 ④ 先⋯⋯再⋯⋯
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You can have a few days to think about it before you make your decision.
做决定之前你 有几天 考 。 (3)since 引 的从句用延 性 的 去式(包括 去完成 ) , 从句的 作已 束 , 从句意思是否定 的。如果从句的 是延 性 的 在完成 , 从句意思是肯定的。
He has never been to see me since I was ill. 我病愈后,他一直未来看我。(不再生病了)
He has never been to see me since I have been ill. 我病了,他一直未来看我。
I haven t heard from him since he lived here.
自他从 里搬走,我就没有收到他的信。(不住在 儿了)
(4) till, until
如果 till 与until 用在肯定句中 , 主句中 部分所表示的 作或状 一直延 到某 或某个 作 生
才 束。注意它的倒装句和 句。
I didn t recognize she was my classmate until she took off her dark glasses.
=Not until she took off her dark glasses did I recognise she was my classmate
=It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I recognised she was my classmate.