WORD 格式整理版
专题十一状语从句
状从句在高考中由于其他从句的干，以及倒装句，句的介入，使得状从句更复。状从句是一种副性从句，通
常由一个从属或一个起作用的引。
状从句
1.时间状语从句
常的 ( ) ：
when, while, as, before, after, once, till, until, as soon as, now that, hardly ...when,
scarcely ...when, no sooner ...than等。
可以引状从句的副（介）（短）或名短：
directly,instantly,immediately,by the time, the moment, the second, the minute, the instant,every time, each time, next time, the last time等。
注意点如下：
(1) when, while, as引的状从句
as 表示“当⋯⋯的候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它着重主句与从句的作或事情同或几乎同
生。 when(at or during the time)既可以表示在某一点的候，又可以表示在某一段内，主句与从句的
作或事情可以同生也可以先后生。while 一段，表示从句和主句的作同生，并且有延意
，从句中的一般要用延性，从句中常用去行或一般去；当 when表示 a period of time ，两者可以互。
She came up as I was cooking.(同)
在我做，她走了来。
When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段内)
当我在学校，每天都去。
While they were watching TV, I was preparing myself for the coming examination.
他在看，而我在即将到来的考做准。
Strike while the iron is hot. 趁打。 ( 不可用 as或 when，里的 while 意思是“趁⋯⋯”)
when， while ，as引状从句的区
when ， while ， as然都可以引状从句，但用法区非常大。
一、 when可以和延性用，也可以和短性用；而while 和 as只能和延性用。
① Why do you want a new job when you've got such a good one already ？（ get 短性
）你已找到如此好的工作，何想再找新的？
② Sorry ， I was out when you called me．（ call 短性）不起，你打我好外出了。
③ Strike while the iron is hot ．（ is 延性，表示一种持的状）趁打。
④ The students took notes as they listened ．（ listen 延性）学生听做笔。
二、 when从句的可以在主句作之前、之后或同生；while 和as从句的作必是和主句
作同生。
1．从句作在主句作前生，只用when。
① When he had finished his homework，he took a short rest ．（ finished 先生）当他完成作后，
他休息了一会儿。
② When I got to the airport ， the guests had left ．（ got to 后生）当我赶到机，客人
已离开了。
2．从句作和主句作同生，且从句作延性，
① When ／ While／As we were dancing ， a stranger 一位陌生人走了来。
② When ／ While／As she was making a phonecall ）当她在打，我正在写信。
WORD 格式整理版
when， while ， as都可使用。
came in ．（ dance延性）当我跳舞，
， I was writing a letter．（make延性
3．当主句、从句作同行，从句作的概念淡化，而主要表示主句作生的背景或条件，只能用as。， as常表示“随着⋯⋯”；“一⋯⋯，一⋯⋯”之意。
①As the time went on，the weather got worse ．（ as表示“随着⋯⋯”之意）
②The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases ．随着高度的增加，大气越
来越稀薄。
③ As years go by， China is getting stronger and richer ．随着一年一年去，中国得越来越
富了。
④ The little girls sang as they went ．小姑娘一走，一唱。
⑤ The sad mother sat on the roadside ，shouting as she was crying ．心的坐在路，哭
叫。
4．在将来从句中，常用when，且从句用一般代替将来。
① You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it ．在我完本后，你可以借
。
② When the manager comes here for a visit next week， I'll talk with him about this ．下周，理来参，我会和他此事。
三、 when用于表示“一⋯⋯就⋯⋯”的句型中（指去的事情）。
sb．had hardly （＝ scarcely ） done sth ．when．．．＝ Hardly ／Scarcely had sb．done sth ．when．．．
① I had hardly ／scarcely closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door ．＝
Hardly ／Scarcely had I closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door ．我一上眼，
就有人在敲了。
② I had hardly ／scarcely entered my room when the telephone rang ．＝ Hardly ／
Scarcely had I entered my room when the telephone rang ．我一走房，就响了。
(2)before 引状从句的常重点句型① It
will (not) be ...before ...
要⋯⋯才，要不了多久就⋯⋯
It was (not) ...before ...了⋯⋯才(没多久就⋯⋯)
It was a long time before I got to sleep.
了好我才睡着了。
It wasn t long before he told me about the news.
没多久他就告了我那条新。
② 不等⋯⋯就⋯⋯；在⋯⋯之前就⋯⋯
The telephone rang off before I could answer it.
我没来得及接，就挂断了。
③ ⋯⋯就⋯⋯
He hardly entered the room before he heard the telephone ring.
他屋就响了。
④ 先⋯⋯再⋯⋯
