新视野英语3级复习题Reading ComprehensionPassage 1Most Americans will tell you that character education in schools is a good idea. According to pollsters （作民意测验的人），90% of us want schools to teach core moral values. But what should "'character education" look like? And more important, does it work?Take a look at Traut Core Knowledge School in Fort Collins, Colo. Traut Core is a public school with a waiting list of 500 students. A strong focus on 12 core values throughout the school culture has contributed to high academic achievement a Traut Core. The school now ranks first in reading and in the top five in math out of the 26 schools in the district.Private schools are also on the list. The Montrose School in Natick, Mass. Has daily homerooms that focus on character discussions and leadership, and the school provides many opportunities for service to others. At Montrose, moral development is inseparable from academic achievement.Wake County Public Schools in North Carolina is a case study in how to get comprehensive character education programs going in every school. Beginning in 1992, the district appointed a task force with broad representation from the community. Public meetings were held, surveys sent out, and other efforts made to ensure that character education in the schools would be built on the shared moral values of the citizens in this large and diverse district.Today, character education is part of the mission of every Wake County school. The district provides in-service training and resources for teachers, encourages parental involvement and evaluates the results.Higher academic achievement, lower drop-out （辍学）rates, fewer discipline problems, a more positive and caring school environment—who doesn't want schools like these? And who wouldn't like to see students who are more caring, respectful, honest and responsible?A,l） Judging from the first paragraph, what's the writer's attitude to '"character education"?A.PositiveB. Ironical （讽刺的）C. SuggestiveD. Opposite.D,2） The phrase "a waiting list of 500 students" in Line 2, para. 2 probably means that there are 500 students.A.studying thereB. enrolling thereC. graduating thereD. waiting for admissionD,3） Among the private schools willing to teach moral values.A.Traut Core has daily homerooms that focus on character discussions and leadershipB.the Montrose School focus on 12 core valuesC.Traut Core provides many opportunities for service to othersD.the Montrose School makes progress both academically and morallyC,4） Character education, according to the last paragraph, will result in all of the following exceptA.lower drop-out ratesB. higher academic achievementC. a less positive and caring environmentD. fewer discipline problemsD,5） Which is not true according to the passage?A.Academic achievement is closely associated with moral development.B.Higher academic achievement is inseparable from moral development.C.Moral development exerts influence on academic achievement.D.Moral development has nothing to do with academic achievement.Passage 2Throughout the past century humanity （人类）did everything in its power to control nature. We dammed earth's rivers, chopped down the forests and exhausted the soils. Burning up fuels, we pumped a great deal of greenhouse gasses into the air, altering the chemistry of the atmosphere and warming the planet in just a few decades. And as out population began the year 200 above the 6 billion mark, still spreading across the continents, dozens of animal and plant species were dying out every day, including the first primate （灵长类）to disappear in more than 100 years.At the start of the 21st century there were unmistakable signs that nature was beginning to take its revenge （才艮复）.Melting ice in both poles of the earth suggested that the climate was changing rapidly. Weather was even more changeable than usual, giving some places too little rain and others too much. Fires raced across the dried American West last summer, and recent storms spread damages from Britain to China. No specific event could be directly blamed on global warming, floods and drought （干旱）will be more frequent一and severe. Other sad signs from an overburdened planet include falling grain and fish harvests and fiercer （激烈的）competition for scarce water supplies.But there were also, in the year 2000, signs of great awareness. Connected by the Internet, hundreds of millions people gathered for the 30th anniversary of Earth Day. Governments from Washington to Lima took steps to protect the large wild areas from development. Progress was made toward using more renewable energy from the wind and the sun, and new cars hat used both gasoline and electricity sported （显示）fuel-economy statistics.The goal for the new century is “sustainable （可持续的）development”. Is that possible? It depends on how well we understand that humanity is part of nature, not lord and master.1）W hat is the result of the human control over the nature?A.Natural resources are being exhausted.B.There is a global warming effect.C.Species of animals and plants are reduced.D.All of the above.2） It can be inferred from the passage that scarce water supplies are directly caused by.A.less ice in both polesB.the more changeable weatherC.something not mentioned in the textD.the larger population3） Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.The America suffered a lot from fires last summer in the west.B.The American government tried to stop development.C.Humanity built many dams in the past century.D.Dozens of animals and plants will no longer exist in more than 100 years.4） The phrase "sustainable development,, in the last paragraph probably means that economic development will.A.continue for a long timeB.be more profitable than beforeC.support our growing populationD.make full use of natural resources5)The main purpose of the author is to make us.A.see what damage humanity did to natureB.fight with nature and control itC.have more celebrations of Earth DayD.aware of the importance of environment protectionPassage 3One of the strongest reasons for the raising of the school leaving age (ROSLA) has been that it will bring us nearer to the ideal of "equal opportunity".Many people like to think of our present system of schooling as providing plenty of steps up the ladder of success for clever children. It would be good to think that no one who is really bright can be missed out when the state system is apparently so thorough. It is obvious, for instance, that many children from less rich homes reach university or do well in other ways.Unfortunately, we now have plenty of evidence that many children of every level of ability do much less well than they could. For instance, during the years of national military service it was possible to test the intelligence (智力)of all male 18-20 year olds. Half of those soldiers who were placed in the two highest ability groups had left schools at 15.It has also been shown that the percentage of working class children going to university is almost the same now as it was in 1939. One study of 5000 children from birth to 21 years old indicated that up to half the bright pupils from working class home left school when they reached 16 years old. Moreover, there is no difference in intelligence between the sexes, but far more boys than girls stay in education after 16.It is clear from this and much other evidence that many children are still leaving school too early to benefit from the prizes—money, social respectability, and interesting jobs, which higher education gives. It is clear too that the reasons why such children leave have much to do with their social circumstances (f青形，环境).Their parents often need the extra money another wage-earner can bring in; they do not value education for itself because their own was probably dull and unhappy. It is not so much that they force their sons and daughters to leave school, rather that they tend to say, “It's up to you”.1)It is hoped that ROSLA will give all children.A. a more enjoyable time at schoolB.the same chances in societyC.the right to a better schoolD.higher scores in intelligence tests2)People would like to think that.A.equal numbers of poor and rich children reach universityB.those with the least money get the best educationC.intelligent children are always chosen by the systemD.only clever children do well3)Working class children are felt to be at a disadvantage because.A.many of the clever ones leave school earlyB.fewer go to university than ever beforeC.more than half leave school when they are 16D.fewer boys than girls stay at school after 164） Many children leave school early because.A.their social circumstances make them unhappyB.they have to work to support their family's incomeC.their school is a dull and unhappy placeD.their parents don't allow them to make their own decisions5） This article shows that equal opportunity in education.A.is a thing of the pastB. has not yet been achievedC. is there for those who merit itD. has greatly improved our societyPassage 4As a science writer, I don't have to wear emotional armor （装甲）very often. Before I went to Zimbabwe for a visit, I had talked to other reporters who had spent time in Africa. All told me to get prepared for the orphans （孤儿）—many of whom had caught the AIDS virus from their mothers—and the strong desire to make everything all right for them.Then again, nothing could have prepared me for the visit to a creche （育婴堂）for AIDS orphans in Harare, where one sick, smiling four-year-old boy tried to keep up with the other kids playing ring-around-the rosy but was so weak he kept falling to the floor, or meeting a 25-year-old unmarried girl who cared for her nephew even though her only income was from growing and selling a few vegetables at the local market. The boy who called his aunt "Mama" was too weak even to take the piece of banana I offered.Meanwhile photojoumalist （摄影记者）Karin Retief was visiting a room at he hospice （济贫院）where she had been told a particularly sweet orphan boy stayed. At first she did not see anyone on the bed and was about to say he must be elsewhere, when suddenly she spotted his tiny arm in the air, his body lost in the folds of the bed clothes.Recently Karin wrote to me that she had been able to deep our assignment from taking too great an emotional suffering at the time. "Only when I got back, about a week later, could I mourn （哀悼）the people I met," she continued. "I sat in church and wanted to ask the priest （牧师）to pray （祈祷）for the people with AIDS in Zimbabwe and all over the world. Then all the people's faces, pain and suffering became so real, I could not get the words out. I broke down and cried and cried for them,,,1）The title for the passage might be.A.Africa's ChildrenB. Suffering AIDS OrphansC. Care for AIDS ChildrenD. Zimbabwe's Situation2） Which is NOT true about the 25-year-old woman?A.She cares for her nephew.B.She has little income.C.Her nephew called her Mama.D.She had a four-year-old boy.3） When Karin Retief came to the hospice.A.the orphan boy's arm was cut in the airB.the orphan boy was elsewhereC.the orphan boy was just in bedD.the orphan boy's body was lost4)"Broke down" in the last paragraph most probably means.A.stopped herself suddenlyB.lost control of herselfC.fell down herselfD.got disturbed herself5)The purpose of the people visiting Zimbabwe was to.A.provide medicines for the AIDS orphansB.find out the causes of the AIDSC.look after the AIDS orphansD.report the conditions of the AIDS orphansPassage 5There are growing environmental concerns about the air near the destroyed World Trade Center in New York City. The two huge buildings were destroyed September eleventh when terrorists crashed two passenger planes into them. Some people say they are suffering health problems as a result o the attacks. When the World Trade Center fell, it left about one million tons of crushed concrete, glass and dust. Some people fear that cancer-causing substances may have been released into the air from the resulting fires and smoke. For example, asbestos (石棉)and other harmful substances were used in building the World Trade Center.Since September eleventh, federal, state and local agencies have been testing the air in and around the ruined area. Scientists from universities, medical schools and private companies also are doing tests. They are looking for the presence of pollutants (污染物)in the air that might present a health risk to the workers removing the wreckage and to the public. Federal officials say no long-term health risks have been discovered so far.Yet, doctors say many of the workers have been suffering from severe cough, chest pain, nose bleeds and breathing problem. Many workers with continuing problems have taken legal action against the city. Doctors say rescue workers and other people who worked in the area for a long period of time are most at risk for health problems. Workers who did not wear protective coverings on their faces are at even greater risk.About forty thousand people live near the ruins of the World Trade Center. Some of these people worry that open trucks carrying the ruins from the area are still spreading pollutants.Some people have criticized New York City's clean-up efforts, as many buildings in the area have not been cleaned. And the information released to the public from air quality tests is often confusing, and the federal government should keep close watch on clean-up efforts.1)The major point discussed in the passage is.A.the effect of the September 11 attacks on New York CityB.health problem people suffer resulting from the September 11 attacksC.the effort of the cleaning up of buildings in the areaD.the effect on the health of the people of the ruined area2)Many workers have taken legal action against the city because.A.they are suffering from nose bleedsB.they have continuing health problemsC.they are coughing severelyD.they have breathing problems3） Who are having greater risk of health problems, according to the passage?A.The people who live near the ruins.B.The workers who worked in the area for long time.C.The scientists who are testing the air.D.The workers who did not wear protective coverings.4） The federal government has been criticized for the following reasons EXCEPT.A.clean-up effortsB. air quality testsC. uncleaned buildingsD. the trucks carrying the ruins5） According to the passage the author the environment of the ruined area.A.is depressed withB. is satisfied withC. is worried aboutD. is confident withPassage 6Big Ben is one of London's best-known landmarks, and looks most spectacular at night when the clock faces are lighted. You even know when parliament is in session, because a light shines above the clock face.The four dials伟中面）of the clock are 23 feet square, the minute hand is 14 feet long and the figures are 2 feet high. Minutely regulated （校准）with a stack（堆）of coins placed on the huge pendulum （钟摆）,Big Ben is an excellent timekeeper, which has rarely stopped.The name Big Ben actually refers not to the clock-tower itself, but to the thirteen-ton bell hung within. The bell was named after the first commissioner 行政长官）of works, Sir Benjamin Hall. This bell came originally from the old Palace of Westminster, and was given to the Dean（教长）of St. Paul by William III. Before returning to Westminster to hang in its present home, it was refashioned in Whitechapel in 1858. The BBC first broadcast the chimes（报时）on the 31st December 1923 一there is a microphone（扩音器）in the turret （塔楼）connected to Broadcasting House.During the Second World War in 1941, a bomb destroyed the Lower Chamber（众议院，下院）of the Houses of Parliament, but the clock tower remained intact and Big Ben continued to keep time and strike away the hours, its unique sound was broadcast to the nation and around the world, a welcome reassurance （'恢复信£'）of hope to all who heard it.The tower is not open to the general public, but those with a "special interest" may arrange a visit to the top of the Clock Tower through their local （UK） MP.1） When parliament has a meetingA.Big Ben lights the parliamentB.the clock faces are lightedC. a light is on above the faceD.Big Ben strikes the time2） Which of following statements is true according to the passage?A.Big Ben has only one hand.B.Coins are used to make Big Ben work more precisely.C.Big Ben has never stopped.D.Big Ben has a huge pendulum made of coins.3） The bell was once owned by.A.the old Palace of WestminsterB.Sir Benjamin HallC.The Dean of St. PaulD.The BBC4） The BBC first broadcast the chimes on the eve of.A.1858B.1923C. 1924D. 19145）The word “intact" in Line 2, Para.4 probably means.A.UninjuredB. uncutC. unharmedD. undamagedPassage 7Valentine's Day probably has its origin in the ancient Roman celebration called Lupercalia （牧神节）.It was celebrated on February 15. In the Roman calendar February was in the spring. The celebration honored the gods Lupercus and Faunus as well as the twin brothers Romulus and Remus, the legendary （传说的）founders of Rome. As part of the ceremony the priests paired up young men and women. The girls' names were placed in a box and each boy drew a girl's name. The couple was paired then until the next Lupercalia.In 260 AD the emperor Claudius II, called Claudius the Cruel, decided that young soldiers would only be distracted by marriage and so ordered that young men might not marry. Valetinus （Valentine）, a Christian priest, defied the emperor and married young people in secret. He was caught and executed （处死）on February 14, the eve of Lupercalia. His name became associated with young love forever after. In 496, Pope Gelasius set aside February 14 to honor his as Saint Valentine and it has been St. Valentine's Day ever since.In the Middle Ages some of the customs of the Lupercalia still persisted （坚持）in spite of the attempts of the Church to put an end to these non-Christian customs and to Christianize the holiday. Both men and women drew names from a bowl to see who their valentines would be. They would wear the names on their sleeves （袖子）for a week. Today we still sometimes "wear our hearts on our sleeves,, when we cannot conceal our feelings.In the 1600s, it became common to give flowers, particularly the rose, as a sign of love as the "language of flowers" came to Europe from Turkey. The color and placement of the rose held a special significance—a red rose, for example, meant beauty. Flowers have been part of Valentine's Day every since.1）T he main purpose of this passage is.A.to tell us the story of Valentinus, a Christian priestB.to trace （追溯）back the origin of Valentine's DayC.to introduce the custom of Valentine's DayD.to explain the relationship between marriage and religion2） According to the second paragraph, young soldiers were not allowed to marry because the emperor thought.A.they were too young to marryB.it was illegalC.they would be disturbed by marriageD.none of the above3） What is the probable meaning of the world "defied'' in Line 3 of Paragraph 2?B. Followed. D.CondemnedA. Refused to obey.C. Cheated. 4) According to Paragraph 3, what does it mean when it says "wear our hearts on our sleeves?,5A. To show our true feelings openly.B. To hide our true feelings.C. To keep our feelings in our mind.D. Both B and C.5) The day February 14 has been St. Valentine 5s Day since.A. the ancient RomeB. 260 ADC. Valentinus was caught and executedD. 496 ADPassage 8Having raised eight children of my own, I know the dilemma (左右为难)parents face. In a world increasingly hostile to children, we want to show we care by acting on our loving impulses, which usually means spending. But when our kids came home asking for the latest designer wear, my wife and I knew we had to say "no" more often than not. Of course, deciding to have no TV in the house was the first real breakthrough; I doubt we would have won this battle without freeing ourselves from its influence.As a child, I grew up in what I now see was poverty. For the first few years of my life, I ate only the smallest amount. Yet, I would find it hard to imagine a happier childhood. Why? Because my parents gave us children time and attention on a daily basis. For instance, no matter how buy they were, they tried to eat breakfast with us before we went off to school each morning.No child should have to live in poverty. But I firmly believe that the happiness of a child does not depend on his or her access (接近)to material wealth. After all, it is the love we give our children, and not the things, that will remain with them for life.Having worked thirty years as a family counselor, I know that parents really do love their children, and want to do what is best for them. But what does it mean to give a child love? Next time you feel that you have failed your kids, and are tempted to relieve those feelings by bringing home gifts, remember that we can't buy our children's affection. All they really want, and need, is time and attentiveness, a listening and an encouraging word. There are things every parent can provide.1) What the author most concerns about is.A. how to make children pleasedB. how to give children the true loveC. how to educate his childrenD. how to meet the children's needs2) According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. The author lived in a poor family when he was very young.B. He never bought any gifts to his children.C. When he was a child, his parents cared him and other children much in their own way.D. Every parents has the ability to provide love for his or her children.3) In Paragraph 1, when the author says, "But when our kids...we had to say 'no' more often than not", he means.A. he could not afford too muchB.in order not to spoil his children, he must refuse themC.though he loved his children, he didn't always satisfy their material needsD.he wanted to fight against his children4）T he sentence "I would find it hard to imagine a happier childhood" means.A.his childhood was much happier than he could imagineB.he did not have a happy childhood because of povertyC.it's hard to imagine whether he had had a happy childhoodD.none of the above5）W hat does the author think is the best for his children?A.Gifts.B. A listening ear and an encouraging word.C.Time and attentivenessD.Both B and C.Passage 9It is hard to get any agreement on the accurate meaning of the term "social class". In everyday life, people tend to have a different approach to those they consider their equals from that which they assume with people they consider higher or lower than themselves in the social scale. The criteria we use to "place" a new acquaintance（熟人），however, are a complex mixture of factors. Dress, way of speaking, area of residence in a given city or province, education and manners all play a part.In Greece, after the sixth century B.C., there was a growing conflict between the peasants and the landed aristocrats （贵族）,and a gradual decrease in the power of the aristocracy when a kind of "middle class" of traders and skilled workers grew up. The population of Athens, for example, was divided into three main classes which were politically and legally distinct. About one third of the total were slaves, who did not count politically at all, a fact often forgotten by those who praise Athens as the nursery of democracy. The next main group consisted of resident foreigners, the "metics", who were freemen, though they two were allowed no share in political life. The third group was the powerful body of "citizens”，who were themselves divided into subclasses.In the later Middle Ages, however, the development of monetary economy and the growth of cities and trade led to the rise of another class, the "burghers" or city merchants and mayors. These were the predecessors of the modern middle classes. Gradually high office and occupation assumed importance in determining social position, as it became more and more possible for a person born to one station in life to move to another. This change affected the towns more than the country areas, where remnants of feudalism lasted much longer.With the break up of the feudal economy, the increasing division of labour, and the growing power of the town burghers（公民），the commercial and professional middle class became more and more important in Europe, and the older privileged class, the landed aristocracy, began to lose some of its power.1）The main idea of the first paragraph is that.A.to define the term social class does not involve much difficultyB.there is much alternation in people's social classesC.to evaluate a person's social class is a very complex procedureD.we can tell which social class a person belongs to by the way he behaves2） In Line 5 Paragraph 1, "criteria" most probably means.A.standards of judgementB. waysC. criticismD. characteristic3） The decline of the Greek aristocracy's power in the sixth century B.C. was the result of.A.the conflicts between the peasants and the landed aristocratsB.the foreign residentsC.slavesD.the newly emerging middle class in the sixth century4） Which of the following statements is NOT true, according to the passage?A.Slaves in Greece in the sixth centuryB.C. were not politically significant.B.The "burghers" of the later Middle Ages constituted an entirely new social class.C.To some extent, social mobility can be attributed to the growth of trade.D.The new class made up of traders and executive officials of the later Middle Ages made thedevelopment of a money economy possible.5） The best title of the passage might be.A.The Criteria for Classifying Social GroupsB.Social ClassesC.Changes in Social SystemD.The Evolution of Human SocietyPassage 10Before looking at the theological （木申学的）and moral implications of human cloning, let us first briefly look at what we mean by the cloning process. It has been described as follows: "As is used to produce the famous Scottish sheep Dolly in 1996, cloning involves removing the nucleus from an unfertilized egg, replacing it with genetic material from another cell, and using an electric impulse to join the two and start the cell division that leads to a tiny embryo （胚月台）.It is nonsexual reproduction in which the embryo's genes come from one parent instead of two. If successfully done in humans, the child would be a "delayed genetic twin5 of the parent from whom the genes were taken." With cloning, in other words, we could have a woman who is “the twin sister of her mother, without a biological father, and the daughter of her grandmother”.For what reasons is cloning being proposed （提议）? Everything from duplicating individuals with exceptional intelligence and beauty; reproducing the likeness of a dead loved one; the possibility of choosing a baby's sex; creating selected frozen embryos to be transferred in uterus （子宫）at a later time to supply spare organs, et. Others have proposed less fantastic scenarios （设想，方案）:the producing of a child in a family whose husband suffers from aspermia （无精子）or to replace the dying child of a widowed mother.Even if all of these were possible, the cloning of a human being would not mean, obviously, that we have an “exact duplicate”（复布U 品）.There is, we note, the influence of upbringing, environment, and culture. Still more significant is the spiritual soul, which as the Pontifical （主教的）Academy of Life says, "cannot be generated by the parents, produced by artificial fertilization （人工授精）or cloned.,,1）A ccording to the first paragraph which is NOT true about the cloning process?A.The nucleus is removed from the unfertilized egg.B.The nucleus is replaced with the genetic material from another cell.e the electric impulse to join the two—another cell and the nucleus.D.Start the cell division that leads to a tiny embryo.。
