Astronomical Telescope

INSTRUCTION MANUALEXPLORASCOPE 60AZ Model #22100EXPLORASCOPE 80AZ Model #22102EXPLORASCOPE 70AZ Model #22101EXPLORASCOPE 114AZModel #22103ENGLISH2 | ENGLISHLens Cap Lens CapTelescope Tube Telescope TubeStarPointer Finderscope StarPointer Finderscope20 mm Eyepiece 20 mm EyepieceErect Image DiagonalTripod TripodAccesory Tray Accesory TrayINCLUDED BUT NOT PICTURED.(1) 4 mm Eyepiece(1) 3x Barlow Lens(1) TheSkyX – First Light Edition DVD-ROMNever look directly at the Sun with the naked eye or with a telescope unless you have the proper solar fi lter. Permanent and irreversible eye damage may result.Never use your telescope to project an image of the Sun onto any surface. Internal heat build-up can damage the telescope and any accessories attached to it.Never use an eyepiece solar fi lter or a Herschel wedge. Internal heat build-up inside the telescope can cause these devices to crack or break, allowing unfi ltered sunlight to pass through to the eye.Do not leave the telescope unsupervised, especially when children or adults unfamiliar with the correct operating procedures of your telescope are present.We recommend saving your telescope box so it can be used to store the telescope when it is not in use. Unpack the box carefully as some parts are small. Use the parts list below to verify that all parts and accessories are present. PARTS LIST WHAT’S IN THE BOXEXPLORASCOPE 60AZ, 70AZ, and 80AZ EXPLORASCOPE 114AZENGLISH | 3ASSEMBLING YOUR TELESCOPEFig. 4THE MOUNTThe ExploraScope mount and tripod come fully assembled, so setting it up is easy.1. Remove the tripod and mount from the box.2. L oosen the hand knobs at the bottom of each leg and extend the inner section ofthe leg to the desired length. Tighten the knobs to secure the legs, being carefulnot to over tighten.3. S tand the tripod upright and pull the tripod legs apart until the center brace snapsinto place.4. P lace the threaded post on the bottom of the accessory tray over the hole in themiddle of the leg support bracket and turn the entire tray clockwise until the tray sits fi rmly against the leg brace (Fig. 1).5. M ake sure the leg hinge bolts are secure by snugging down the black thumbnuts at the top of each leg.THE TELESCOPE TUBETo attach the telescope tube to your tripod and mount:1. L ocate the slow motion rod guide on the side of the U-shaped mount.Loosen the set screw in the guide until the hole through the guide isunobstructed.2. H olding the telescope tube above the mount, slide the slow motionrod through the guide on the mount and gently lower the hingeson the sides of the telescope tube into the cradles at the top of theU-shaped mount (Fig. 2).3. T ighten the set screw on the guide to hold the telescopein place4. I nsert the two telescope tube mounting bolts through the tops ofthe U-shaped mount and into the hinges on the sides of the telescopetube. Do not over tighten (Fig. 3).NOTE: The 70mm refractor is shown, but the 114 mm Newtonian attaches to the mount in the same exact way.THE STAR DIAGONAL (FOR 60 MM, 70 MM AND 80 MM REFRACTORS ONLY)The star diagonal attaches to the back of a refracting telescope that contains a small mirror that refl ects the light at a 90° angle, providing a more comfortable viewing position. It also gives you a 100% correctly oriented image allowing you to easily use this telescope for daytime terrestrial observing.1. Remove the caps from both sides of the diagonal.2. L oosen the setscrews on the back of the focuser and pull outthe small dust cap.3. I nsert the smaller tube on the diagonal into the back of thefocuser and secure it by tightening the setscrews (Fig. 4).You can rotate the diagonal to any position by loosening the setscrews.Fig. 3Fig. 2Fig. 14 | ENGLISH THE EYEPIECESYour telescope comes with two eyepieces, a low power (20 mm eyepiece) and a higher power eyepiece (4 mm eyepiece). Whenever you set up your telescope, always start with the 20 mm eyepiece. Once you have your target centered in the 20 mm eyepiece, you can switch to your higher power 4 mm eyepiece to get a more detailed view.To install an eyepiece on the 60 mm, 70 mm, or 80 mm refractor:1. Loosen the setscrews on the open end of the star diagonal.2. Insert the silver barrel of the 20 mm eyepiece into the star diagonal(Fig. 5).3. Tighten the setscrews to secure the eyepiece4. T o see the sharpest image possible, you need to focus by lookingthrough the eyepiece and slowly turning the focusing knobs until youfi nd the sharpest image.To install an eyepiece on the 114 mm Newtonian:1. L oosen the two silver setscrews on the focuser and pull out the smallplastic dust cap.2. I nsert the silver barrel on the bottom of the eyepiece into the focuser(Fig. 6).3. Tighten the two setscrews to secure the eyepiece.4. T o see the sharpest image possible, you need to focus the eyepiece.To focus, look through the eyepiece and slowly turn the focusingNOTE: T he 114 mm Newtonian comes with a special 20 mm eyepiece that gives you a correctly oriented image for daytime terrestrial viewing. The 4 mm is designed for astronomical observing and will give an inverted image. This is perfectly normal.THE STARPOINTER FINDERSCOPEThe ExploraScope comes with a StarPointer red-dot fi nderscope that you willuse as a sighting tool when aiming the telescope at a target.To install your StarPointer fi nderscope:1. R emove the two silver nuts from the threaded posts at the topof the tube, near the focuser.2. P lace the two holes in the base of the fi nderscope over thethreaded posts so the fi nderscope base sits fl ush on thetelescope tube. Make sure that the round window on thefi nderscope is pointed toward the end of the telescope that youwill point at your target.3. T hread the two nuts back onto the threaded posts (Fig. 7)4. T here is a small clear plastic tab inserted between the batteryand the contact. This was included to prevent the battery from dischargingduring shipment. Pull this out to allow your battery to work.Fig. 6Fig. 7Fig. 5ALIGNING THE STARPOINTER FINDERSCOPEThe StarPointer fi nderscope helps you aim your telescope by looking through its round glass window and covering your target with the red dot projected in the window.The fi rst time you assemble your telescope, you’ll need to align the StarPointer with the main optics of the telescope. Although this step can be done at night, it is signifi cantly easier during the day. Once you have completed thefi nderscope alignment, you should not have to repeat this step unless the fi nderscope is bumped or dropped.To align the StarPointer:1. T ake the telescope outside during the day. Using your naked eye, fi nd an easily recognizable object, such as a streetlight, car license plate, or tall tree. The object should be as far away as possible, but at least a quarter mile away.2. Remove the main dust cover from the telescope and make sure your 20 mm eyepiece in installed.3. Move the telescope left and right or up and down so that it is roughly pointing toward the object you chose in step 1.4. L ook through the telescope using your 20 mm eyepiece and manually move the telescope until the object you chose lies in the center of the view. If the image is blurry, gently turn the focus knobs until it comes into sharp focus. NOTE: The image in the telescope eyepiece will appear upside-down. This is perfectly normal in an astronomical telescope.5.O nce the object is centered in your 20 mm eyepiece, turn on the fi nderscope by turning the power switch knobclockwise as far as it will go.6. W ith your head positioned about a foot behind the fi nder, look through the round window and locate the red dot. Itwill probably be close to, but not on top of, the object you see when you are looking through the 20 mm eyepiece. 7. W ithout moving the telescope, use the two adjustment knobs on the side and underneath the StarPointer. Onecontrols the left-right motion of the dot, while the other controls the up-down motion. Adjust both until the red dot appears over the same object you are observing in the 20 mm eyepiece.Now choose some other distant targets to practice aiming your telescope. Look through the StarPointer window and place the red dot on the target you are trying to view and verify that it is the 20 mm eyepiece of the scope.With your StarPointer fi nderscope aligned, your telescope is fully assembled and you are ready to observe!NOTE: Be sure to turn off the StarPointer fi nderscope when not in use to conserve battery power.ENGLISH | 5YOUR FIRST ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVING SESSIONTHE MOONNow you are ready to take your telescope out at night and do some real observing!Let’s start with the Moon. The Moon takes about one month go through a complete phase cycle, from New Moon to Full Moon and back again. Try observing it at different points during this cycle.While you can observe the Moon any time it is visible in the night sky, the best time to view it is from two days after a New Moon up to a few days before a Full Moon. During this period, you will be able to see the most detail in craters and lunar mountain ranges. Consult a calendar to fi nd out when the next New Moon will be.1. With a clear view of the Moon, set up your telescope with the 20 mm eyepiece.2. Turn on the StarPointer fi nderscope and look through it to fi nd the red dot.3. M ove the telescope until you can see the Moon through the fi nderscope’s window and the red dot is centeredon the Moon.4. Look through the 20 mm eyepiece. Gently turn the focus knobs to adjust the sharpness of the image.CONGRATULATIONS! YOU HAVE NOW OBSERVED YOUR FIRST CELESTIAL OBJECT!To get a closer view of the Moon, replace the 20 mm eyepiece with the 4 mm eyepiece. It will give you more magnifi cation, making the Moon appear much larger. Y ou may need to adjust the focus knobs when you change eyepieces to ensure you are getting the sharpest image.Y ou can view many other celestial objects, such as planets, star clusters and nebulae using this same basic technique.For more tips for about astronomical observing please visitThere you will fi nd comprehensive tips to help you get the most from your new telescope including:• How to observe the planets• How to locate and observe stars, double stars, star clusters• How to observe deep-sky objects such as nebulae and galaxies• How to choose a good location for astronomical observing• How to evaluate sky conditions6 | ENGLISHCELESTRON TWO YEAR LIMITED WARRANTYA. C elestron warrants your telescope to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for two years. Celestron will repair or replace such product or part thereof which, upon inspection by Celestron, is found to be defective in materials or workmanship. As a condition to the obligation of Celestron to repair or replace such product, the product must be returned to Celestron together with proof-of-purchase satisfactory to Celestron.B. T he Proper Return Authorization Number must be obtained from Celestron in advance of return. Call Celestron at (310) 328-9560 to receive the number to be displayed on the outside of your shipping container.All returns must be accompanied by a written statement setting forth the name, address, and daytime telephone number of the owner, together with a brief description of any claimed defects. Parts or product for which replacement is made shall become the property of Celestron.The customer shall be responsible for all costs of transportation and insurance, both to and from the factory of Celestron, and shall be required to prepay such costs.Celestron shall use reasonable efforts to repair or replace any telescope covered by this warranty within thirty days of receipt. In the event repair or replacement shall require more than thirty days, Celestron shall notify the customer accordingly. Celestron reserves the right to replace any product which has been discontinued from its product line with a new product of comparable value and function.This warranty shall be void and of no force of effect in the event a covered product has been modifi ed in design or function, or subjected to abuse, misuse, mishandling or unauthorized repair. Further, product malfunction or deterioration due to normal wear is not covered by this warranty.CELESTRON DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WHETHER OF MERCHANTABILITY OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE, EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH HEREIN. THE SOLE OBLIGATION OF CELESTRON UNDER THIS LIMITED WARRANTY SHALL BE TO REPAIR OR REPLACE THE COVERED PRODUCT, IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS SET FORTH HEREIN. CELESTRON EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY LOST PROFITS, GENERAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES WHICH MAY RESULT FROM BREACH OF ANY WARRANTY, OR ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE ANY CELESTRON PRODUCT. ANY WARRANTIES WHICH ARE IMPLIED AND WHICH CANNOT BE DISCLAIMED SHALL BE LIMITED IN DURATION TO A TERM OF TWO YEARS FROM THE DATE OF ORIGINAL RETAIL PURCHASE.Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages or limitation on how long an implied warranty lasts, so the above limitations and exclusions may not apply to you.This warranty gives you specifi c legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state.Celestron reserves the right to modify or discontinue, without prior notice to you, any model or style telescope.If warranty problems arise, or if you need assistance in using your telescope contact:CelestronCustomer Service Department2835 Columbia StreetTorrance, CA 90503Tel. (310) 328-9560Fax. (310) 212-5835Monday-Friday 8AM-4PM PSTNOTE: T his warranty is valid to U.S.A. and Canadian customers who have purchased this product from an authorized Celestron dealer in the U.S.A. or Canada. Warranty outside the U.S.A. and Canada is valid only to customers who purchased from a Celestron’s International Distributor or Authorized Celestron Dealer in the specifi c country. Please contact them for any warranty service.ENGLISH | 78 | ENGLISH 12-13Printed in China FCC NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions,may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:• R eorient or relocate the receiving antenna.• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.• C onnect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.Product design and specifi cations are subject to change without prior notifi cation.This product is designed and intended for use by those 14 years of age and older.© 2014 Celestron • All rights reserved 2835 Columbia Street • Torrance, CA 90503 U.S.A.Telephone: 800.421.9649。

需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（天文学）：astronomy 天文学astronomical 天文的astronomical observatory 天文台astronomer 天文学家astrophysics 天文物理学astrology 占星学pseudoscience 伪科学cosmos(universe) 宇宙cosmology 宇宙学infinite 无限的cosmic 宇宙的cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射cosmic rays 宇宙射线celestial 天的celestial body (heavenly body) 天体celestial map (sky atlas) 天体图celestial sphere 天球dwarf (dwarf star) 矮星quasar 类星体，类星射电源constellation 星座galaxy (Milky Way) 新河系cluster 星团solar system 太阳系solar corona 日冕solar eclipse 日食solar radiation 太阳辐射planet 行星planetoid (asteroid) 小行星revolve 旋转，绕转twinkle 闪烁naked eye 肉眼Mercury 水星Venus 金星Earth 地球Mars 火星Jupiter 木星Saturn 土星Uranus 天王星Neptune 海王星Pluto 冥王星orbit 轨道spin 旋转satellite 卫星lunar 月球的meteor 流星meteor shower流星雨meteoroid 流星体meteorite 陨石comet 彗星space (outer space) 太空，外层空间spacecraft (spaceship) 宇宙飞船spaceman ( astronaut) 宇航员，航天员space suit 宇航服，航天服space shuttle 航天飞机space telescope空间望远镜astronaut 宇航员star 恒星stellar 恒星的intergalactic 星系间的interstellar 恒星间的interplanetary 行星间的asteroid 小行星nebula 星云space debris 太空垃圾ammonia 氨corona 日冕chromosphere 色球photosphere 色球层convection zone 对流层vacuum 真空infrared ray 红外线chondrite 球粒absolute magnitude 绝对量级radiation 辐射emission 发射，散发high-resolution 高清晰度interferometer 干扰仪需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（重要学科名称）：mathematics数学，biology生物，physics物理，chemistry化学，biochemistry生物化学，geology 地质，astronomy天文学，oceanography海洋学，meteorology气象学，seismology地震学，environmental science环境科学，ecology生态学，metrology计量学，electronics电子学，electronic engineering电子工程学，computer science计算机科学，archaeology考古学，psychology心理学，linguistics语言学，introduction to literature文学入门，history历史，anthropology人类学，economics 经济学，statistics统计学，aesthetics美学，demography人口学需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（地质、地理学）：stratum地层，inner core 内核，outer core 外核，plate 板块，volcanic 火山岩，limestone石灰石，quartzite石英岩，granite花岗岩，sedimentary rock沉积岩，continent 大陆，continental shelf大陆架, the Northern Hemisphere北半球, Longitude经度, Latitude纬度, Meridian 子午线，the North Pole北极，the South Pole南极，the Antarctic Continent南极洲，hillside 山坡，mountain slope山坡，desert沙漠，cliff山崖，Grand Canyon大峡谷，valley山谷，basin盆地，peninsula半岛，coral island珊瑚岛，coastline海岸线，delta三角洲，upper reaches上游, lower reaches下游, tributary 支流, deposit沉积, swamp沼泽，spring泉，fountain喷泉，geyser间歇泉，withdraw 后退，versatile 多才多艺的，geology 地理，geography 地质学，calculus 计算，结石，original 最初的，新颖的，account for 导致，earth plate 地球板块，crust 地壳，Great lakes 北美五大湖(Superior 苏比尔湖, Huron 休伦湖, Michigan 密西根湖, Erie 伊利湖, Ontario 安大略湖)，Lake Baikal 贝加尔湖，Caspian Sea里海，Aral Sea咸海，combine/ split 联合/分裂，Mediterranean 地中海的，glacier 冰川，iceberg 冰山，Meteorology气象学，observation观测，hurricane 飓风，typhoon 台风，convection 对流，troposphere 对流层，stratigraphy 地层学, continental crust 大陆地壳, continental drift theory大陆漂移学说, core 地核, mantle 地幔，vegetation植被，tropical rain forest 热带雨林，volcano火山，volcano eruption火山爆发，dormant volcano休眠火山，earth quake地震，magnitude地震震级，seismic wave地震波，seismology地震学需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（考古学）：psychological anthropologist 心理人类学家origin 起源originate 起源于ancestor 祖先hominid人（科）homogeneous 同一种族（种类）的tribe 部落clan 氏族archeologist 考古学家excavation 挖掘excavate (unearth) 挖掘ruins 遗迹，废墟remains 遗迹，遗骸artifact 手工艺品relic 遗物，文物antique 古物，古董antiquity 古代，古老Stone Age 石器时代Bronze Age （青）铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代Paleolithic 旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic 新石器时代的archaeology 考古学anthropology 人类学morphology 形态学skull 颅骨cranial 颅骨的（生态学）ecology 生态学ecologist 生态学家ecosystem 生态系统balance (of nature) 自然界生态平衡fauna 动物群flora 植物群需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（生态学）：rain forest 雨林food chain 食物链acid rain 酸雨greenhouse effect 温室效应infrared radiation 红外线辐射ozone layer (ozonosphere) 臭氧层ultraviolet radiation 紫外辐射pollution 污染pollution control 污染控制air pollution 空气污染water pollution 水污染noise pollution 噪音污染soil pollution 土壤污染pollution-free 无污染pollutant 污染物noxious (toxic) 有毒的fumes （有毒）废气waste 废物solid waste 固体垃圾sewage (wastewater) 污水sewage purification 污水净化sewage disposal 污水处理decibel 分贝需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（气象学）：meteorology 气象meteorologist气象学家forecast (predict) 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层current （气）流vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp (wet; moist; humid) 潮湿的humidity 湿度moisture 潮湿；水分saturate 饱和需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（气象学）：dew 露frost 霜fog (mist) 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水珠condense 浓缩crystal 水晶体downpour (torrential rain) 大雨tempest (storm) 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard (snowstorm) 暴风雪avalanche (snowslide) 雪崩precipitation （雨、露、雪等）降水breeze 微风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风tornado (twister, cyclone) 龙卷风funnel 漏斗，漏斗云disaster (calamity, catastrophe) 灾难devastation 破坏submerge 淹没drought 旱灾（化学类）chemistry chemical property 化学特性，化学性质chemical composition ( makeup ) 化学成分chemical agent 化学试剂chemical reaction 化学反应chemical change 化学变化chemical bond 化学键chemical apparatus 化学器械substance (matter; material) 物质element 元素periodic table 周期表hydrogen 氢oxygen 氧nitrogen 氮helium 氦carbon 碳calcium 钙silicon 硅sulfur 硫iodine 碘需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（化学）：compound 化合物hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物derivative 衍生物alchemy 炼金术petroleum (oil) 石油petroleum products 石油产品crude oil 原油refine 提炼，精炼gasoline 汽油methane 甲烷solution 溶液dissolve 溶解solvent 溶剂solubility 可溶性cohesive 聚合力adhesive 粘合力atom 原子nucleus 原子核electron 电子neutron 中子proton 质子molecule 分子particle 粒子ion 离子particle accelerator 粒子加速器catalysis （复数catalyses）催化作用catalyst 催化剂artificial 人造的synthetic 合成的synthetic fiber 人造纤维polymer 聚合物polymerization 聚合作用plastic 塑料dye 染料cosmetics 化妆品（物理类）physics 物理mechanics 力学thermodynamics 热力学acoustics 声学electromagnetism 电磁学optics 光学dynamics 动力学force 力velocity 速度acceleration 加速度equilibrium 平衡需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（物理）：statics 静力学motion 运动inertia 惯性gravitation 引力relativity 相对gravity 地心引力vibration 震动medium (media) 媒质frequency 频率wavelength 波长pitch 音高intensity 强度echo 回声resonance 回声，洪亮sonar 声纳ultrasonics 超声学electricity 电static electricity 静电magnetism 磁性，磁力magnet 磁体electromagnet 电磁magnetic field 磁场electric current 电流direct current (DC) 直流电alternating current (AC) 交流电electric circuit 电路electric charge 电荷electric voltage 电压electric shock 触电electric appliance 电器conductor 导体insulator 绝缘体semiconductor 半导体battery (cell) 电池dry battery 干电池storage battery 蓄电池electronics 电子学electronic 电子的electronic component (part) 电子零件integrated circuit 集成电路chip 集成电器片，集成块electron tube 电子管vacuum tube 真空管transistor 晶体管amplification (名词)放大amplify （动词）放大amplifier 放大器，扬声器oscillation 震荡optical 光（学）的optical fiber 光学纤维lens 透镜，镜片convex 凸透镜concave 凹透镜microscope 显微镜telescope 望远镜magnifier 放大镜spectrum 光谱ultraviolet 紫外线X rays X射线Gamma rays γ射线infrared rays 红外线microwaves 微波dispersion 色散transparent 透明translucent 半透明opaque 不透明的需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（数学）：mathematician 数学家arithmetic 算术calculation 计算calculator 计算器abacus 算盘numeral 数字sum 和total (sum total) 总和，总数aggregate 总计fraction 分数，小数decimal 十进位，（十进）小数digit 数字，数位percentage 百分比deduction (inference) 推论，演绎induction 归纳需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（天文学）：astronomy 天文学astronomical 天文的astronomical observatory 天文台astronomer 天文学家astrophysics 天文物理学astrology 占星学pseudoscience 伪科学cosmos(universe) 宇宙cosmology 宇宙学infinite 无限的cosmic 宇宙的cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射cosmic rays 宇宙射线celestial 天的celestial body (heavenly body) 天体celestial map (sky atlas) 天体图celestial sphere 天球dwarf (dwarf star) 矮星quasar 类星体，类星射电源constellation 星座galaxy (Milky Way) 新河系cluster 星团solar system 太阳系solar corona 日冕solar eclipse 日食solar radiation 太阳辐射planet 行星planetoid (asteroid) 小行星revolve 旋转，绕转twinkle 闪烁naked eye 肉眼Mercury 水星Venus 金星Earth 地球Mars 火星Jupiter 木星Saturn 土星Uranus 天王星Neptune 海王星Pluto 冥王星orbit 轨道spin 旋转satellite 卫星lunar 月球的meteor 流星meteor shower流星雨meteoroid 流星体meteorite 陨石comet 彗星space (outer space) 太空，外层空间spacecraft (spaceship) 宇宙飞船spaceman ( astronaut) 宇航员，航天员space suit 宇航服，航天服space shuttle 航天飞机space telescope空间望远镜astronaut 宇航员star 恒星stellar 恒星的intergalactic 星系间的interstellar 恒星间的interplanetary 行星间的asteroid 小行星nebula 星云space debris 太空垃圾ammonia 氨corona 日冕chromosphere 色球photosphere 色球层convection zone 对流层vacuum 真空infrared ray 红外线chondrite 球粒absolute magnitude 绝对量级radiation 辐射emission 发射，散发high-resolution 高清晰度interferometer 干扰仪需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（重要学科名称）：mathematics数学，biology生物，physics物理，chemistry化学，biochemistry生物化学，geology 地质，astronomy天文学，oceanography海洋学，meteorology气象学，seismology地震学，environmental science环境科学，ecology生态学，metrology计量学，electronics电子学，electronic engineering电子工程学，computer science计算机科学，archaeology考古学，psychology心理学，linguistics语言学，introduction to literature文学入门，history历史，anthropology人类学，economics 经济学，statistics统计学，aesthetics美学，demography人口学需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（地质、地理学）：stratum地层，inner core 内核，outer core 外核，plate 板块，volcanic 火山岩，limestone石灰石，quartzite石英岩，granite花岗岩，sedimentary rock沉积岩，continent 大陆，continental shelf大陆架, the Northern Hemisphere北半球, Longitude经度, Latitude纬度, Meridian 子午线，the North Pole北极，the South Pole南极，the Antarctic Continent南极洲，hillside 山坡，mountain slope山坡，desert沙漠，cliff山崖，Grand Canyon大峡谷，valley山谷，basin盆地，peninsula半岛，coral island珊瑚岛，coastline海岸线，delta三角洲，upper reaches上游, lower reaches下游, tributary 支流, deposit沉积, swamp沼泽，spring泉，fountain喷泉，geyser间歇泉，withdraw 后退，versatile 多才多艺的，geology 地理，geography 地质学，calculus 计算，结石，original 最初的，新颖的，account for 导致，earth plate 地球板块，crust 地壳，Great lakes 北美五大湖(Superior 苏比尔湖, Huron 休伦湖, Michigan 密西根湖, Erie 伊利湖, Ontario 安大略湖)，Lake Baikal 贝加尔湖，Caspian Sea里海，Aral Sea咸海，combine/ split 联合/分裂，Mediterranean 地中海的，glacier 冰川，iceberg 冰山，Meteorology气象学，observation观测，hurricane 飓风，typhoon 台风，convection 对流，troposphere 对流层，stratigraphy 地层学, continental crust 大陆地壳, continental drift theory大陆漂移学说, core 地核, mantle 地幔，vegetation植被，tropical rain forest 热带雨林，volcano火山，volcano eruption火山爆发，dormant volcano休眠火山，earth quake地震，magnitude地震震级，seismic wave地震波，seismology地震学需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（考古学）：psychological anthropologist 心理人类学家origin 起源originate 起源于ancestor 祖先hominid 人（科）homogeneous 同一种族（种类）的tribe 部落clan 氏族archeologist 考古学家excavation 挖掘excavate (unearth) 挖掘ruins 遗迹，废墟remains 遗迹，遗骸artifact 手工艺品relic 遗物，文物antique 古物，古董antiquity 古代，古老Stone Age 石器时代Bronze Age （青）铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代Paleolithic 旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic 新石器时代的archaeology 考古学anthropology 人类学morphology 形态学skull 颅骨cranial 颅骨的（生态学）ecology 生态学ecologist 生态学家ecosystem 生态系统balance (of nature) 自然界生态平衡fauna 动物群flora 植物群需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（生态学）：rain forest 雨林food chain 食物链acid rain 酸雨greenhouse effect 温室效应infrared radiation 红外线辐射ozone layer (ozonosphere) 臭氧层ultraviolet radiation 紫外辐射pollution 污染pollution control 污染控制air pollution 空气污染water pollution 水污染noise pollution 噪音污染soil pollution 土壤污染pollution-free 无污染pollutant 污染物noxious (toxic) 有毒的fumes （有毒）废气waste 废物solid waste 固体垃圾sewage (wastewater) 污水sewage purification 污水净化sewage disposal 污水处理decibel 分贝需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（气象学）：meteorology 气象meteorologist气象学家forecast (predict) 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层current （气）流vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp (wet; moist; humid) 潮湿的humidity 湿度moisture 潮湿；水分saturate 饱和需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（气象学）：dew 露frost 霜fog (mist) 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水珠condense 浓缩crystal 水晶体downpour (torrential rain) 大雨tempest (storm) 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard (snowstorm) 暴风雪avalanche (snowslide) 雪崩precipitation （雨、露、雪等）降水breeze 微风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风tornado (twister, cyclone) 龙卷风funnel 漏斗，漏斗云disaster (calamity, catastrophe) 灾难devastation 破坏submerge 淹没drought 旱灾（化学类）chemistry chemical property 化学特性，化学性质chemical composition ( makeup ) 化学成分chemical agent 化学试剂chemical reaction 化学反应chemical change 化学变化chemical bond 化学键chemical apparatus 化学器械substance (matter; material) 物质element 元素periodic table 周期表hydrogen 氢oxygen 氧nitrogen 氮helium 氦carbon 碳calcium 钙silicon 硅sulfur 硫iodine 碘需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（化学）：compound 化合物hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物derivative 衍生物alchemy 炼金术petroleum (oil) 石油petroleum products 石油产品crude oil 原油refine 提炼，精炼gasoline 汽油methane 甲烷solution 溶液dissolve 溶解solvent 溶剂solubility 可溶性cohesive 聚合力adhesive 粘合力atom 原子nucleus 原子核electron 电子neutron 中子proton 质子molecule 分子particle 粒子ion 离子particle accelerator 粒子加速器catalysis （复数catalyses）催化作用catalyst 催化剂artificial 人造的synthetic 合成的synthetic fiber 人造纤维polymer 聚合物polymerization 聚合作用plastic 塑料dye 染料cosmetics 化妆品（物理类）physics 物理mechanics 力学thermodynamics 热力学acoustics 声学electromagnetism 电磁学optics 光学dynamics 动力学force 力velocity 速度acceleration 加速度equilibrium 平衡需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（物理）：statics 静力学motion 运动inertia 惯性gravitation 引力relativity 相对gravity 地心引力vibration 震动medium (media) 媒质frequency 频率wavelength 波长pitch 音高intensity 强度echo 回声resonance 回声，洪亮sonar 声纳ultrasonics 超声学electricity 电static electricity 静电magnetism 磁性，磁力magnet 磁体electromagnet 电磁magnetic field 磁场electric current 电流direct current (DC) 直流电alternating current (AC) 交流电electric circuit 电路electric charge 电荷electric voltage 电压electric shock 触电electric appliance 电器conductor 导体insulator 绝缘体semiconductor 半导体battery (cell) 电池dry battery 干电池storage battery 蓄电池electronics 电子学electronic 电子的electronic component (part) 电子零件integrated circuit 集成电路chip 集成电器片，集成块electron tube 电子管vacuum tube 真空管transistor 晶体管amplification (名词)放大amplify （动词）放大amplifier 放大器，扬声器oscillation 震荡optical 光（学）的optical fiber 光学纤维lens 透镜，镜片convex 凸透镜concave 凹透镜microscope 显微镜telescope 望远镜magnifier 放大镜spectrum 光谱ultraviolet 紫外线X rays X射线Gamma rays γ射线infrared rays 红外线microwaves 微波dispersion 色散transparent 透明translucent 半透明opaque 不透明的需要能用耳朵“认识”的单词（数学）：mathematician 数学家arithmetic 算术calculation 计算calculator 计算器abacus 算盘numeral 数字sum 和total (sum total) 总和，总数aggregate 总计fraction 分数，小数decimal 十进位，（十进）小数digit 数字，数位percentage 百分比deduction (inference) 推论，演绎induction 归纳。

Wikipedia:传统百科全书条目/大英百科全书/天文序号条目外文1.21厘米辐射21-centimetre radiation2.剑鱼座30 30 Doradus3.天鹅座61 61 Cygni4.光行差常数aberration, constant of5.水委一Achernar6.无球粒陨石achondrite7.亚当斯Adams, John Couch8.亚当斯Adams, Walter (Sydney)9.德国天文学会星表AG catalog10.爱里Airy, Sir George Biddell11.艾特肯Aitken, Robert Grant12.辇道增七Albireo13.辅Alcor14.毕宿五Aldebaran15.阿方索星表Alfonsine Tables16.阿耳文Alfven, Hannes (Olof Gosta)17.大陵五Algol18.天文学大成Almagest19.历书almanac20.地平纬圈almucantar21.半人马座αAlpha Centauri22.南十字座αAlpha Crucis23.阿方索环形山Alphonsus24.河鼓二Altair25.地平纬度和地平经度altitude and azimuth26.木卫五Amalthea27.阿姆巴楚米扬Ambartsumian, Viktor28.阿米奇Amici, Giovanni Battista29.阿那克西曼德Anaximander30.仙女座Andromeda31.仙女星系Andromeda Galaxy32.安德罗尼卡(西尔哈斯的) Andronicus OF CYRRHUS33.近点角anomaly34.心宿二Antares35.拱点apse36.宝瓶座Aquarius37.大角Arcturus38.阿雷西沃天文台Arecibo Observatory39.阿仑德-罗兰彗星Arend-Roland, Comet40.阿格兰德Argelander, Friedrieh Wilhelm August41.天卫一Ariel42.白羊座Aries43.阿利斯塔克斯(萨摩斯的) Aristarchus OF SAMOS44.浑天仪armillary sphere45.阿普Arp, Halton Christian46.达雷斯特Arrest, Heinrich Louis d'47.阿耶波多(第一) Aryabhata I48.小行星asteroid49.天文地质学astrogeology50.星盘astrolabe51.天文图表astronomical map52.天文台astronomical observatory53.天体分光原理astronomical spectroscopy, principles of54.天文单位astronomical unit (AU)55.天文学astronomy56.天体物理学astrophysics57.华盖aureole58.极光aurora59.奥威斯尔Auwers, (Georg Friedrich Julius) Arthur von60.隐带avoidance, zone of61.巴布科克Babcock, Harold Delos62.巴布科克Babcock, Horace Welcome63.本底辐射background radiation64.巴伊Bailly, Jean-Sylvain65.倍利Baily, Francis66.倍利珠Baily's beads67.班纳克Banneker, Benjamin68.巴纳Barnard, Edward Emerson69.巴纳星Barnard's star70.巴塔尼Battani, al-71.巴耶Bayer, Johann72.BD星表BD73.比尔Beer, Wilhelm74.参宿五Bellatrix75.贝塞耳Bessel, Friedrich Wilhelm76.大犬座βBeta Canis Majoris77.半人马座βBeta Centauri78.南十字座βBeta Crucis79.双子座βBeta Geminorum80.天琴座βBeta Lyrae81.猎户座βBeta Orionis82.参宿四Betelgeuse83.伯利恒之星Bethlehem, Star of84.比拉彗星Biela's Comet85.北斗七星Big Dipper, The86.大科学Big Science87.大霹雳宇宙模型big-bang model88.物理双星binary star89.双目望远镜binocular90.比鲁尼Biruni, al-91.黑洞black hole92.博查Bochart de Saron, Jean-Baptiste-Gaspard93.波得Bode, Johann Elert94.波得定则Bode's law95.博克Bok, Bart J(an)96.邦德Bond, William Cranch97.邦迪Bondi, Sir Hermann98.波昂星表Bonner Durchmusterung (BD)99.博斯科维奇Boscovich, Ruggero Giuseppe100.博斯Boss, Lewis101.布瓦尔Bouvard, Alexis102.鲍迪奇Bowditch, Nathaniel103.鲍恩Bowen, I(ra) S(prague)104.布莱德雷Bradley, James105.第谷?布拉尼Brahe, Tycho106.婆罗门笈多Brahmagupta107.布劳威尔Brouwer, Dirk108.棕矮星brown dwarf109.布朗Brown, Ernest William110.布朗Brown, Robert Hanbury111.伯比奇Burbidge, (Eleanor) Margaret112.木卫四Callisto113.卡路里Caloris114.甘贝尔Campbell, William Wallace115.巨蟹座Cancer116.甘农Cannon, Annie Jump117.老人星Canopus118.好望角照相星表Cape Photographic Durchmusterung (CPD) 119.五车二Capella120.摩羯座Capricornus121.卡林顿Carrington, Richard Christopher122.照相天图Carte du ciel123.卡西尼Cassini, Gian Domenico124.卡西尼Cassini, Jacques125.卡西尼定律Cassini's laws126.仙后座Cassiopeia127.北河二Castor128.CD星表CD129.天球仪celestial globe130.天体力学celestial mechanics131.天文领航celestial navigation132.天球celestial sphere133.摄尔西乌斯Celsius, Anders134.造父变星Cepheid variable135.谷神星Ceres136.托洛洛山美洲天文台Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory (CTIO) 137.查理士Challis, James138.张德勒Chandler, Seth Carlo139.张衡Chang Heng140.混沌Chaos141.大水杓Charles's Wain142.冥卫一Charon143.查仑Chiron144.球粒结构chondrule145.克利斯平原Chryse Planitia146.克拉克Clark, Alvan Graham147.煤袋Coalsack148.色指数colour index149.颜色-星等图colour-magnitude diagram150.彗星comet151.合conjunction152.科农(萨摩斯的) Conon OF SAMOS153.星座constellation154.哥白尼体系Copernican system155.哥白尼环形山Copernicus156.哥白尼Copernicus, Nicolaus157.常陈一Cor Caroli158.哥多华星表Cordoba Durchmusterung (CD)159.日冕corona160.日冕仪coronagraph161.天体演化学cosmogony162.宇宙学cosmology163.宇宙Cosmos164.好望角照相星表CPD165.蟹状星云Crab Nebula166.克里米亚天体物理观象台Crimean Astrophysical Observatory 167.南十字座Crux168.天鹅座A射电源Cygnus A169.天鹅座环Cygnus Loop170.丹戎Danjon, Andre-Louis171.暗星云dark nebula172.达尔文Darwin, Sir George (Howard)173.道斯Dawes, William Rutter174.德拉鲁De la Rue,Warren175.赤纬declination176.火卫二Deimos177.德朗布尔Delambre, Jean-Baptiste-Joseph178.德洛内Delaunay, Charles-Eugene179.德利尔Delisle, Joseph-Nicolas180.仙王座δDelta Cephei181.天津四Deneb182.土卫四Dione183.周日运动diurnal motion184.多尔菲斯Dollfus, Audouin(-Charles)185.多纳蒂Donati, Giovanni Battista186.道格拉斯Douglass, Andrew Ellicott187.武仙座DQ DQ Herculis188.德雷伯Draper, Henry189.德雷尔Dreyer, Johan Ludvig Emil190.杜奈尔Duner, Nils Christofer191.矮星dwarf star192.戴森Dyson, Sir Frank (Watson)193.地照earthshine194.蚀eclipse195.蚀变星eclipsing variable star196.黄道ecliptic197.爱丁顿Eddington, Sir Arthur Stanley198.距角elongation199.发射星云emission nebula200.土卫二Enceladus201.恩克Encke, Johann Franz202.恩克彗星Encke's Comet203.星历表ephemeris204.御夫座εEpsilon Aurigae205.分点equinox206.岁差equinoxes, precession of the207.厄拉多塞(昔兰尼的) Eratosthenes OF CYRENE208.爱神星Eros209.逃逸速度escape velocity210.船底座ηEta Carinae211.木卫二Europa212.欧洲南天天文台European Southern Observatory (ESO) 213.事件视界event horizon214.埃费希德Evershed, John215.外太空生物学exobiology216.宇宙膨胀expanding universe217.外太空生命extraterrestrial life218.法布里休斯Fabricius, Johannes219.光斑facula220.弗拉姆斯蒂德Flamsteed, John221.耀星flare star222.闪光谱flash spectrum223.佛来明Fleming, Williamina Paton Stevens 224.北落师门Fomalhaut225.福布什效应Forbush effect226.弗拉-毛罗环形山Fra Mauro227.银河星团galactic cluster228.银道坐标galactic coordinate229.星系晕galactic halo230.星系galaxy231.伽利略卫星Galilean satellite232.伽利略望远镜Galilean telescope233.伽利略Galileo234.伽勒Galle, Johann Gottfried235.伽莫夫Gamow, George236.木卫三Ganymede237.对日照gegenschein238.双子座Gemini239.巨星giant star240.吉尔Gill, Sir David241.吉利斯Gilliss, James Melville242.京茨堡Ginzburg, Vitaly Lazarevich 243.球状星团globular cluster244.戈尔德Gold, Thomas245.古得利克Goodricke, John246.谷德Gould, Benjamin Apthorp247.巨引源Great Attractor248.大红斑Great Red Spot249.大裂缝Great Rift250.格林班克方程Green Bank equation 251.格列哥里Gregory, James252.格鲁姆布里奇Groombridge, Stephen 253.古姆星云Gum Nebula254.中性氢区H I region255.电离氢区H II region256.哈根Hagen, Johann Georg257.赫尔天文台Hale Observatories258.赫尔望远镜Hale Telescope259.赫尔Hale, George Ellery260.霍尔Hall, Asaph261.哈雷Halley, Edmond262.哈雷彗星Halley's Comet263.汉弥尔顿Hamilton, Sir William Rowan264.汉森Hansen, Peter Andreas265.哈里奥特Harriot, Thomas266.哈佛光谱分类Harvard classification system267.收获月Harvest Moon268.赫克曼Heckmann, Otto (Hermann Leopold)269.日心体系heliocentric system270.日球层顶heliopause271.定日镜heliostat272.亨德森Henderson, Thomas273.亨利?德雷伯星表Henry Draper Catalogue274.赫米斯小行星Hermes275.赫瑟尔Herschel, Caroline Lucretia276.赫瑟尔Herschel, Sir John (Frederick William), 1ST BARONET 277.赫瑟尔Herschel, Sir William (Frederick)278.赫茨普龙Hertzsprung, Ejnar279.赫罗图Hertzsprung-Russell diagram280.赫维留Hevelius, Johannes281.希达尔戈Hidalgo282.希尔Hill, George William283.喜帕恰斯Hipparchus284.地平线horizon285.霍罗克斯Horrocks, Jeremiah286.马头星云Horsehead Nebula287.时角hour angle288.时圈hour circle289.霍爱尔Hoyle, Sir Fred290.哈勃太空望远镜Hubble Space Telescope291.哈勃Hubble, Edwin Powell292.哈勃常数Hubble's constant293.赫金斯Huggins, Sir William294.范德胡斯特Hulst, Hendrik Christoffel van de295.惠更斯Huygens, Christiaan296.毕星团Hyades297.土卫七Hyperion298.土卫八Iapetus299.伊本?提本ibn Tibbon, Jacob ben Machir300.伊卡鲁斯Icarus301.一行I-hsing302.池谷-关彗星Ikeya-Seki, Comet303.红外天文学infrared astronomy304.红外源infrared source305.初切ingress306.行星际介质interplanetary medium307.星际物质interstellar medium308.木卫一Io309.铁陨石iron meteorite310.央斯基Jansky, Karl (Guthe)311.尚桑Janssen, Pierre(-Jules-Cesar)312.土卫十Janus313.杰恩斯Jeans, Sir James (Hopwood)314.杰佛利斯Jeffreys, Sir Harold315.焦德雷尔班克实验站Jodrell Bank Experimental Station 316.琼斯Jones, Sir Harold Spencer317.木星Jupiter318.甘德和石申Kan Te and Shih Shen319.卡普坦Kapteyn, Jacobus Cornelius320.基勒Keeler, James (Edward)321.开普勒Kepler, Johannes322.开普勒行星运动定律Kepler's laws of planetary motion 323.开普勒新星Kepler's Nova324.锁眼星云Keyhole Nebula325.花拉子密Khwarizmi, al-326.西丹努斯Kidinnu327.柯克伍德缝Kirkwood gaps328.基特峰国立天文台Kitt Peak National Observatory (KPNO) 329.科兹列夫Kozyrev, Nikolay Aleksandrovich330.柯伊伯机载天文台Kuiper Airborne Observatory331.柯伊伯Kuiper, Gerard Peter332.郭守敬Kuo Shou-ching333.拉卡伊Lacaille, Nicolas Louis de334.礁湖星云Lagoon Nebula335.拉格朗日点Lagrangian point336.拉朗德Lalande, Jerome337.朗伯Lambert, Johann Heinrich338.拉蒙特Lamont, Johann von339.雷恩Lane, Jonathan Homer340.兰利Langley, Samuel Pierpont341.拉普拉斯Laplace, Pierre-Simon, Marquess de342.拉塞尔Lassell, William343.勒威耶Le Verrier, Urbain-Jean-Joseph344.勒维特Leavitt, Henrietta Swan345.勒梅特Lemaitre, Georges346.狮子座Leo347.天秤座Libra348.天平动libration349.光变曲线light curve350.光年light-year351.临边昏暗limb darkening352.林德布拉德Lindblad, Bertil353.林奈环形山Linne354.刘洪Liu Hung355.本星系群Local Group356.洛克伊尔Lockyer, Sir Joseph Norman357.朗盖尔Longair, Malcolm Sim358.隆哥蒙塔努斯Longomontanus, Christian 359.长周期变星long-period variable star360.洛弗尔Lovell, Sir (Alfred Charles) Bernard 361.罗厄尔Lowell, Percival362.李奥Lyot, Bernard(-Ferdinand)363.M81 M81364.马德勒Madler, Johann Heinrich von365.马菲星系I和II Maffei I and II366.麦哲伦星云Magellanic Cloud367.磁暴magnetic storm368.星等magnitude369.月海mare370.马里乌斯Marius, Simon371.火星Mars372.火星运河Mars, canals of373.马斯基林Maskelyne, Nevil374.马蒂厄Mathieu, Claude-Louis375.冒纳开亚天文台Mauna Kea Observatory 376.莫佩尔蒂Maupertuis, Pierre-Louis Moreau de 377.迈耶Mayer, Johann Tobias378.麦克唐纳天文台McDonald Observatory 379.梅尚Mechain, Pierre(-Francois-Andre) 380.梅文鼎Mei Wen-ting381.门登霍尔Mendenhall, Thomas Corwin 382.水星Mercury383.梅西耶星表Messier catalog (M)384.梅西耶Messier, Charles385.流星meteor386.流星雨meteor shower387.陨石meteorite388.陨石坑meteorite crater389.陨石学meteoritics390.流星体meteoroid391.子夜太阳midnight Sun392.银河系Milky Way Galaxy393.米尔恩Milne, Edward Arthur394.土卫一Mimas395.米奈尔Minnaert, Marcel Gilles Jozef396.刍藁增二Mira Ceti397.天卫五Miranda398.米契尔Mitchell, Maria399.开阳Mizar400.麦比乌斯Mobius, August Ferdinand401.莫利纽克斯Molyneux, Samuel402.月球Moon403.卫星moon404.莫尔豪斯彗星Morehouse,Comet405.摩根Morgan, William Wilson406.斯壮罗山暨赛定春山天文台Mount Stromlo and Siding Spring Observatories 407.威尔逊山天文台Mount Wilson Observatory408.多环盆地multiringed basin409.纳蒲Nabu-rimanni410.国立射电天文台National Radio Astronomy Observatory411.星云nebula412.[[]] nebulium413.海王星Neptune414.海卫二Nereid415.中子星neutron star416.星团星云新总表New General Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars (NGC) 417.牛康Newcomb, Simon418.星团星云新总表NGC419.尼科尔森Nicholson, Seth Barnes420.夜间气辉nightglow421.交点node422.北美星云North American Nebula423.北极星序north polar sequence424.北星North Star425.新星nova426.仙后座新星1572 Nova Cassiopeiae 1572427.武仙座新星Nova Herculis428.蛇夫座1604新星Nova Ophiuchi 1604429.英仙座新星Nova Persei430.章动nutation431.天卫四Oberon432.掩occultation433.奥伯斯吊诡Olbers' paradox434.奥伯斯Olbers, Wilhelm435.欧玛尔?海亚姆Omar Khayyam436.半人马座ω星团Omega Centauri437.奥尔特Oort, Jan Hendrik438.疏散星团open cluster439.奥皮克Opik, Ernest Julius440.冲opposition441.轨道orbit442.奥尔盖尔陨石Orgueil meteorite 443.猎户座Orion444.猎户座星云Orion Nebula445.帕利萨Palisa, Johann446.智神星Pallas447.帕洛马天文台Palomar Observatory 448.天文视差parallax449.巴黎天文台Paris Observatory 450.秒差距parsec451.皮尔斯Peirce, Benjamin452.半影penumbra453.珀赖因Perrine, Charles Dillon 454.摄动perturbation455.位相phase456.火卫一Phobos457.土卫九Phoebe458.光度学photometry459.光球photosphere460.皮亚齐Piazzi, Giuseppe461.皮卡Picard, Jean462.皮克令Pickering, Edward Charles 463.皮克令Pickering, William Henry 464.双鱼座Pisces465.行星planet466.冥外行星Planet X467.天文馆planetarium468.行星状星云planetary nebula 469.星子planetesimal470.普拉斯基特Plaskett, John Stanley 471.昴星团Pleiades472.昴宿增十二Pleione473.冥王星Pluto474.北极星Polaris475.极星polestar476.北河三Pollux477.庞特Pond, John478.星族I和星族II Populations I and II 479.鬼(宿)星团Praesepe480.南河三Procyon481.自行proper motion482.原星系protogalaxy483.质子-质子循环proton-proton cycle484.原行星protoplanet485.托勒密体系Ptolemaic system486.托勒密Ptolemy487.普尔科沃天文台Pulkovo Observatory488.方照quadrature489.类星体quasar490.凯特尔Quetelet, (Lambert) Adolphe (Jacques) 491.麒麟座R R Monocerotis492.视向速度radial velocity493.射电和雷达天文学radio and radar astronomy 494.射电干涉仪radio interferometer495.射电源radio source496.射电望远镜radio telescope497.帝座Ras Algethi498.赖夏洛姆Ra-Shalom499.雷伯Reber, Grote500.红移red shift501.折合质量reduced mass502.雷乔蒙塔努斯Regiomontanus503.轩辕十四Regulus504.赖兴巴赫Reichenbach, Georg von505.逆行retrograde motion506.土卫五Rhea507.雷蒂库斯Rheticus, Georg Joachim508.里奇Richer, Jean509.参宿七Rigel510.赤经right ascension511.月谷rille512.环状星云Ring Nebula513.黎顿郝斯Rittenhouse, David514.罗伯次Roberts, Isaac515.洛希极限Roche limit516.罗默Romer, Ole (Christensen)517.罗斯Rosse, William Parsons, 3rd Earl of 518.格林威治天文台Royal Greenwich Observatory 519.鲁道夫星表Rudolphine Tables520.罗素Russell, Henry Norris521.赖尔Ryle, Sir Martin522.剑鱼座S S Doradus523.色宾Sabine, Sir Edward524.莎冈Sagan, Carl525.人马座；射手座Sagittarius526.人马座A Sagittarius A527.桑德奇Sandage, Allan Rex528.沙罗周期saros529.卫星satellite530.卫星天文台satellite observatory531.土星Saturn532.汤若望Schall von Bell, Adam533.斯基亚帕雷利Schiaparelli, Giovanni Virginio534.施莱辛格Schlesinger, Frank535.施密特望远镜Schmidt telescope536.施密特Schmidt, Maarten537.施瓦贝Schwabe, Samuel Heinrich538.史瓦西Schwarzschild, Karl539.施瓦斯曼-瓦赫曼1号彗星Schwassmann-Wachmann l, Comet 540.天蝎座Scorpius541.天蝎座X-1 Scorpius X-1542.塞奇Secchi, Pietro Angelo543.星像宁静度seeing544.六分仪sextant545.塞佛特星系Seyfert galaxy546.沙普利Shapley, Harlow547.气壳星shell star548.肖特Short, James549.恒星周期sidereal period550.恒星时sidereal time551.天狼星Sirius552.德西特Sitter, Willem de553.斯里弗Slipher, Vesto Melvin554.小天体small body555.太阳常数solar constant556.太阳活动周期solar cycle557.太阳耀斑solar flare558.太阳星云solar nebula559.日珥solar prominence560.太阳辐射solar radiation561.太阳系solar system562.太阳风solar wind563.至点solstice564.索西琴尼Sosigenes OF ALEXANDRIA565.空间space566.角宿一Spica567.针状物spicule568.大潮spring tide569.恒星star570.星表star catalog571.星团star cluster572.稳恒态理论steady-state theory573.星协stellar association574.石铁陨石stony iron meteorite575.石陨石stony meteorite576.斯特龙根球Stromgren sphere577.斯特龙根Stromgren, Bengt (Georg Daniel)578.斯特鲁维Struve, Friedrich Georg Wilhelm von579.斯特鲁维Struve, Otto580.算经十书Suan-ching shih shu581.太阳Sun582.太阳黑子sunspot583.超巨星supergiant star584.超新星supernova585.斯温兹Swings, Pol586.会合周期synodic period587.大流沙地带Syrtis Major588.金牛座T型星T Tauri star589.台北市立天文科学教育馆Taipei Astronomical Museum 590.太岁T'ai-sui591.金牛座Taurus592.泰勒Taylor, Joseph H., Jr.593.望远镜telescope594.土卫三Tethys595.泰尔西地区Tharsis596.三体问题three-body problem597.潮汐摩擦tidal friction598.泰罗斯卫星TIROS599.蒂斯朗Tisserand, Felix600.土卫六Titan601.天卫三Titania602.提丢斯Titius, Johann Daniel603.汤博Tombaugh, Clyde W(illiam)604.三叶星云Trifid Nebula605.海卫一Triton606.特洛伊群小行星Trojan planets607.特朗普勒Trumpler, Robert Julius608.祖冲之Tsu Ch'ung-chih609.特纳Turner, Herbert Hall610.第谷环形山Tycho611.第谷体系Tychonic system612.第谷新星Tycho's Nova613.双子座U型星U Geminorum star614.UBV系统UBV system615.紫外天文学ultraviolet astronomy616.本影umbra617.天卫二Umbriel618.美国海军天文台United States Naval Observatory (USNO) 619.宇宙universe620.天文堡Uraniborg621.天王星Uranus622.大熊座Ursa Major623.小熊座Ursa Minor624.乌托庇亚平原Utopia Planitia625.彘日Varahamihira626.变星variable star627.织女一Vega628.金星号Venera629.金星Venus630.南怀仁Verbiest,Ferdinand631.超大天线阵Very Large Array632.灶神星Vesta633.室女座；处女座Virgo634.室女座A Virgo A635.沃格尔Vogel, Hermann Karl636.白矮星white dwarf star637.沃尔夫克里克陨石坑Wolf Creek Crater638.沃尔夫Wolf, (Johann) Rudolf639.沃尔夫Wolf, Max640.沃尔夫-拉叶星Wolf-Rayet star641.沃洛蒙比瀑布Wollomombi Falls642.列恩Wren, Sir Christopher643.X射线源X-ray source644.杨忠辅Yang Chung-fu645.杨Young, Charles Augustus646.札奇Zach, Franz Xaver, Baron von647.天顶zenith648.大熊座ζZeta Ursae Majoris649.黄道带zodiac650.黄道光zodiacal light651.祖基Zucchi, Niccolo652.兹威基Zwicky, Fritz。

中考英语太空探索的科学意义单选题40题1. The first man-made satellite, Sputnik 1, was launched by the Soviet Union in _.A. 1957B. 1961C. 1969D. 1972答案解析：A。

本题考查太空探索历史中的重要事件时间。

Sputnik 1（ 斯普特尼克1号）是苏联于1957年发射的第一颗人造卫星，这是太空探索历史上的一个里程碑事件。

选项B 1961年是苏联宇航员加加林首次进入太空的时间；选项C 1969年是美国阿波罗11号载人飞船首次登月的时间；选项D 1972年与第一颗人造卫星发射无关。

2. Yuri Gagarin became the first human to journey into outer space in _.A. 1957B. 1961C. 1969D. 1972答案解析：B。

Yuri Gagarin 尤里·加加林）在1961年成为第一个进入外太空的人类，这是太空探索进程中非常关键的事件。

选项A 1957年是第一颗人造卫星发射时间；选项C 1969年是登月时间；选项D 1972年与加加林进入太空的事件无关。

3. Which country first landed on the moon?A. The Soviet UnionB. The United StatesC. ChinaD. The United Kingdom答案解析：B。

美国是第一个实现载人登月的国家，1969年阿波罗11号成功登月。

苏联在太空探索方面有很多成就，但不是第一个登月的国家；中国的太空探索发展较晚，还不是第一个登月的国家；英国在太空探索方面没有率先实现登月。

4. The ancient Chinese made important contributions to astronomy. Which of the following was an early Chinese astronomical observation tool?A. TelescopeB. Armillary sphereC. MicroscopeD. Compass答案解析：B。