英语意群阅读.docx

  • 格式:docx
  • 大小:50.53 KB
  • 文档页数:22

英语意群阅读 关于意群阅读一篇拼凑总结 ----------------------------------------------------- ----------

英文意群介绍 一个句子可根据意思和语法结构分成若干小 段,每一小段称之为一个意群。 意群可以是一 个词,一个词组或短语, 也可以是并列句的一 个分句或复合句的一个主句、 从句等等,我们 可用 “/”来划分句子的意群。

现将句子划分意群的一般原则归纳如下: 1 .名词词组

1 )冠词 + 名词,例: a country 2 )名词 + 名词,例: coumrade Li 3 )指示代词 + 名词,例: this book 4 )形容词 + 名词,例: natural science 5 )作形容词用的名词或分词 + 名词,例: New Year ’ s Day the working class 6 )数词 + 名词,例: thirty-two

note-books7 )数词 + 数词,例: 223--two hundred and twenty-three 8 )不定代词 + 名词,例: some ink 2 .介词短语,例: from now on with an effort

3 .副词短语,例: day and night first of all 4 .副词 + 介词短语,例: early in the morning far into the night 5 .副词 + 动词,或动词 + 副词,例: quite understand study hard

6 .一些固定的动词词组,例: to take a rest to have a meeting to get ready 7 .联系动词 + 表语,例: be at school grow quite well 8 .主语 + 谓语,这种句型用于简短语句时,

一般划分为一个意群,例: He stands up . They are very happy . 9 .主语 + 谓语 + 宾语,这种句型用于简短语 句时,划分为一个意群,例: I can speak English .

He gave me a book .

10 .简短的名词性从句,包括主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句,例:

That he will come here /is certain .(主

语从句) This is /how he studies English .(表语

从句) He told me /where I could find my book .(宾语从句) 11 .简短的定语从句,例: This is a factory /that makes cloth .

12 .简短的状语从句,状语从句可以放在句首或句末。放在句首时,从句后通常要用逗号;

放在句末时, 从句一般不用逗号, 每个简短的状语从句分为一个意群,例: I waited /till he come back

He can ’ t come/because he is ill

. We worked fast /so that we finish our plan .

列举一些例子: 1. 当出现复合句时,特别是定语从句和宾语从 句,若定语从句关系词或宾语从句连接词 that 被省略,考生常常会打乱意群, 读起来不得要领。例如:

① The crafts people buy include things to decorate their homes ,clothes for their children and gifts for their friends ,holidays ,weddings or special

occasions . people buy 是定语从句,限制 the crafts ,

如果将 The crafts people 看作一个意群,则

后面的 buy include things 便没法理解了。

② He must capture the horse better man than he had tried .He knew

. 此例第二句中的 knew 后省略了 that , better m an than he 属于一个意群,是这

个宾语从句的主语,若把 he knew better 放在一起读,下文就读不通了。

2. 非谓语动词 -ing 形式与 -ed 形式引起的麻烦。例如:

③ Assembly will have limited self- governing powers ,British say it could be as long as 30 years before the North might be in charge of its own affairs .

这里 will have 不与 limited 一起构成将来完成时, will have 后应稍有停顿, lim ited 用作形容词,作前置定语,修饰

self-governing powers ,它们构成一个意群,是 “有限的自治权 ”的意思。

④ For those who prefer reading the evening newspaper offers the reader the possibility of reading the news others see and hear on TV . 本句中,reading 出 两次,第一个 reading 是名 化的 名 , 不能直接 , 后面 有停 , the evening newspaper 不是

reading 的 ,它属于下一个意群, 是句子的主 ;第二个 reading 是 的 -ing 形式, the news 是它的 。

3. 分不清句中 的搭配关系。例如: ⑤A few bloodhounds and threats cleared the village of all the Indian inhabitants .

此句中的 of 不表示所有关系,因此不与 village 构成一个意群,它与 cleared 搭配, cleared ... of ...是 “从⋯⋯ 清除 ⋯⋯” 的意思。

⑥The petition asked that during June July ,and August the working hours be changed from 8 to 5 with an hour off for lunch to 7 to 3 :30 with a half-hour for lunch .

, be changed 以下部分的意群容易搞错, 考生 正在这里兜圈子,他们的视线停留在 be changed from 8to 5 ,于是看不懂下文了。 应该说 from 与句中的第二个 to 搭配,from 后的 8 to 5with an hour off for lunch 是 一个意群。第二个 to 后面 7 to 3 :30with a half-hour for lunch 是另一个意群。这样读

意思就理解了: 要求作息时间从原来的上午 8 点至下午 5 点,中间留一个小时吃午餐改为上

午 7 点至下午 3 点 30 分,中间留半个小时吃午餐。

4. 分不清 and 所连接的成分在层次上的差别。例如:

⑦Among the factors responsible for the higher crop yields per acre are the widespread use of m achinery for power ,the development of better fertilizers ,the breeding of better varieties ,particularly semidwarf wheat and rice and hybrid sorghum and corn ,

and the more efficient use of irrigation .

例句中连用了四个 and ,第四个 and 连接的部分是第一层次, 在 particularly ...corn

这部分中,第二个 and 连接的是第二层次,第一个与第三个 and 连接的是第三层次, semidwarf wheat and rice 与 hybrid

sorghum and corn 应视作两小项,不可分

为四项, semidwarf 既修饰 wheat 也修饰

rice ;hybrid 同时修饰 sorghum 与 corn 。

5. 分不清 this /these /that /those 等是指示代词还是限定词。 作指示代词可以代替名词单独使用,而作限定词时,它们修饰名词,不能单独使用。例如: ⑧ If his savings ,pension ,and social security are substantial ,he can engage

in charitable or religious activities .But

the self-reliant American finds these poor substitutes for those social and