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1. 英语语言学期末考试及其补考的复习范围和题型一致；
2. 收到此邮件，请在同学之间传阅；
3. 本邮件内容有三：考试题型、参考问答题、课堂练习及其答案。
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Examination Items考试题型
上海外国语大学继续教育学院2014年第1学期
英语本科五年级和专升本科三年级
“语言学”期末试卷
考试时间：60分钟
班级____________ 学号____________ 姓名____________
I. Fill in the blanks with suitable terms. (30%)
II. Judge if the following statements are true or false. (30%)
III. Choose any two of the following questions to answer. (40%)
Questions for Reference参考问答题
1. In what basic ways does modern linguistics differ from traditional grammar? (P6)
2. Please differentiate the following pairs of terms.
voicing and voiceless (P16)vowels and consonants (P18) aspirated and unaspirated (P18)phones and phonemes (P23)
3. Give a brief account of the kinds of morphemes in English language with examples. (P33-36)
4. Why is English rich in synonyms? And how can we classify them? (P66-68)
Exercises and Key 课堂练习及其答案
Practice 1 Introduction
1.Linguistics is the scientific study of __________.
2.__________ linguistics studies language change over various periods of time and
at various historical stages while __________ linguistics studies language at one particular point of time.
3.The __________ study of language studies the historical development of language
over a period of time, and it is a historical study.
4.__________ and __________ are the two major media of linguistic
communication.
5.The distinction between __________ and parole was made by the Swiss linguist F.
de Saussure in the early 20th century while the distinction between competence and _________ was proposed by the American linguist N. Chomsky in the late 1950s.
6.Chomsky uses the term __________ to refer to the actual realization of a language
user’s knowledge of the rules of his language in linguistic communication.
7.Modern linguistics differs from traditional grammar in several different ways.
Firstly, linguistics is __________ while traditional grammar is __________;
Secondly, modern linguistics regards the spoken language as __________, not the written; Thirdly, modern linguistics differ from traditional grammar also in that it does not force languages into a _________-based framework.
8.As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually
use, and not to lay down rules for “correct” linguistic behavior, it is said to be __________.
9.The defining properties of human language are: creativity, __________,
__________, __________, __________.
10.The fact that different languages have different words for the same object is good
proof that human language is __________.
11.Generally speaking, three main functions are often recognized of language: the
descriptive functions, the expressive function, and the __________ function.
12.According to the British linguist Halliday’s simpler system of language functions,
the ideational function is to organize the speaker or writer’s experience of the real or imaginary world, and the __________ function is to indicate, establish, or maintain social relationship between people while the __________ function is to organize written or spoken texts in such a manner that they are coherent within themselves and fit the particular situation in which they are used.
