最新小学英语(自然拼读及国际音标)讲义
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自 然 拼 读 进 阶
(及国际音标)
Phonetics
授
课
教
材
学 生 姓 名:
任 课 教 师: 李老师
就 读 年 级: 年级
授 课 日 期: 2017. . 精品文档
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目录
语音知识 ....................................................................................................... 2
Lesson 1
p b t d k g a e i o u ............................................................ 3
Lesson 2
c ck s ss z f v m n h l ll .................................................... 4
Lesson 3
a_e e_e i_e o_e u_e ar er ir ur or ...................................... 5
Lesson 4
r rr j w y x bl pl cl gl fl br pr cr gr fr .................... 6
Lesson 5
sm sn sl sw sp st sc sk 期中复习及测试 .................................... 8
Lesson 6
ai ay au aw al air ere ea ........................................................ 9
Lesson 7
ph ch sh s th nt nd nk ng wr wh kn ........................... 10
Lesson 8
ea ee ew ie ts ds qu tw tr dr tion ................................... 11
Lesson 9
oi oy oo o oa ou our期末总复习 .............................................. 12
Lesson 10
期末测试及教学分析展示 ............................................................................ 14
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语音知识
(一)基本的语音概念
音素:发音的最小单位。英语有元音20个,辅音28个。
元音:元是重要的意思。元音是发音时经常读到的,响亮的音。
辅音: 辅助的发音,像中文的声母。
元音字母和辅音字母:在英语中有5个元音字母:A,E,I,O,U, 2个半元音字母Y,W。其他都是辅音字母。
字母组合:两个或两个以上的字母在一起并有其特定的发音,这种语音现象称为字母组合,如ar /a:/,
oo /:/。
重读:相连的音节中某个音节发音突出的现象。英语的重音是自由重音,重读符号一般在重读音节前或元音上。
音调: 英语有两种基本语调:升调(↗),降调(↙)。
英语国际音标表(48个)
元音(20个)
辅音(28个)
清辅音 [p] [t] [k] [f] [θ] [s]
浊辅音 [b] [d] [ɡ] [v] [ð] [z]
清辅音 [ʃ] [h] [ʦ] [ʧ] [tr]
浊辅音 [ʒ] [r] [ʣ] [ʤ] [dr] 长元音 [ɑ:] [ɔ:] [ə:] [i:] [u:]
短元音 [ʌ] [ɔ] [ə] [i] [u] [e] [æ]
双元音 [ei] [ai] [ɔi]
[iə] [ɛə] [uə]
[əu] [au] 精品文档
精品文档 鼻音 [m] [n] [ŋ]
半元音 [j]
[w]
边音 [1]
26个字母发音表
Lesson 1
1. IPA
p //---
pat
pen
pig
pot put
paper
b //--- bat bed big box but book
t //--- ten time take talk tell taxi
d //--- dad bad duck dog day dear
k //--- kid kite cake take make lake
g //--- good game gate gun go dog
a //--- bag bad sad fat man apple 精品文档
精品文档 e //--- bed bet pen get leg left
i // ---
big sit dig fit hill milk
o //--- box fox dog hot lot not
o //--- son mother brother other love some
u //--- but bus sun run cut nut
Phonemic spelling
pin pop tin nut pot did dad
but pit* bit cub* fin* Ted* dot
fan bat fun top lot hot kiss
cut luck gun but fox fat map
Lesson 2
1.IPA
c //---(在字母a,o,u前) cap card call carry
c //---(在字母e,i,前) cent city circle ice
ck //--- cock chick truck clock black rock
s //--- sad sell sit say sun sorry
ss //--- pass less miss loss success discuss
z //--- zero zebra zed zoo zip zone
s //--- has raise excuse please these those
f //--- fat farm four five fine fast
v //--- very leave five verb vote visit 精品文档
精品文档 m //--- map mad milk make warm movie
n //--- nine nice
not now fun fan
h //--- hot help hello how hate hop
l //--- leg left late lion girl school
ll //--- mall tall full ball hill small
2.Practice
(1) Phonemic spelling
fed got nut hit late pass very
dollar hut nim fond victory vest lot
fit catch sing luck save family crack
check jazz ham team cinema leg same
Lesson 3
1.IPA
a_e /e/--- lake take cake bake safe save
e_e /i:/--- eve bee seed these Chinese Japanese
i_e /a/--- kite bike ride like write site
o_e //--- home nose bone hope rose smoke
u_e /:/--- cute tube fuse use pure excuse
ar //--- far mark card park farm hard
er //---(在重读音节) her verb herb term serve
//--- (在非重读音节) sister mother teacher worker ruler 精品文档
精品文档 ir //--- sir third bird dirty firm girl
ur //--- fur hurt turn nurse burn Thursday
or /:/--- born corn dork fork horse north
(
Lesson 4
1.IPA
r //--- red rice run rain read room
rr //--- borrow tomorrow parrot porridge surrender carrot
j //--- June July jacket jazz jam jump
w //--- wet week wait warm watch wine
y //--- yes you your year yet yell
y /a/--- my why fly sky spy ply*
y //--- sunny rainy windy cloudy snowy study
x //--- box fox fix taxi max fax
bl //--- black block blank blame bless blond
pl //--- play plan plane plate please plus
cl //--- clean clear class clock clap climb
gl //--- glad glass globe glue glide glory
fl //--- fly floor flag flat flame flash
br //--- bring breakfast bridge bread brand breath
pr //--- price pray pride pretty prime practice
cr //--- cry cross cream crab crime crack