TOEFL4
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Integrated Tasks Task 4
Exempli gratia Fungi and plant disease • Of all the organisms responsible for diseases in plants, fungi cause the most problems. Although a fungus is technically a small plant, it cannot make its own food and therefore survive by being a parasite-living off other plant hosts. A common fungus, southern blight, affects many vegetables, including tomatoes and potatoes. It appears as a fuzzy white growth on the plant’s stem near soil level. When the plant is infected with the blight, it wilts and then dies. The fungus may spread to the soil, where it can survive for years. Speaking, Track 13
• Explain ways that a gardener can control plant disease caused by a fungus, and explain why these methods work. 难点
• 知识面狭窄，词汇量不够 • 听力问题 • 不知道该说些什么 The Reading Passage
Define a Term Terms • 题目为一个词或词组 • 正文部分没有明显的结论或倾向性，单纯解释题目的词组
• 生词通常出现在题目中，通常不妨碍理解，正文中往往有该词的解释。 Reading passage
• The first sentence is the broad definition. – To define a term, a noun is usually illustrated by it’s synonym. • The second the third sentences could be about: example or function with in a smaller scale / classification / description / Emotional Intelligence
• Emotional intelligence consists of self-awareness, self control, self motivation, enthusiasm, and social ability. People with emotional intelligence understand their feelings and manage them in ways that are positive and helpful. They make decisions about life-what job to pursue, what direction to make, and whom to marry-with greater confidence and skill than people with low or no emotional intelligence. Their people skills make them more likely to succeed at relationships, cooperation, and leadership, and less likely to engage in risky or criminal behavior.
• EI= self-awareness, self-control, self-motivation, enthusiasm, n social ability • People understand n manage feelings • Make decisions about life. • People skill=success/cooperation/leadership=no ctimes Speaking, Track 14
• The professor discusses a study on emotional intelligence. Explain how emotional intelligence affects the experiences of young people like those in the study. A process
特征 • 题目为两个词或词组 • 全文有明显的结论或倾向 The reading passage
• The first sentence is usually the major 2 or 3 elements to cause the occurrence of a certain process. • The following sentences may explain the roles of the elements in the process or conditions to assure the occurrence of the process. • Examples may be given to further explain it. • Utilization or containment. Fungi and plant disease • Of all the organisms responsible for diseases in plants, fungi cause the most problems. Although a fungus is technically a small plant, it cannot make its own food and therefore survive by being a parasite-living off other plant hosts. A common fungus, southern blight, affects many vegetables, including tomatoes and potatoes. It appears as a fuzzy white growth on the plant’s stem near soil level. When the plant is infected with the blight, it wilts and then dies. The fungus may spread to the soil, where it can survive for years. Speaking, Track 13
• Explain ways that a gardener can control plant disease caused by a fungus, and explain why these methods work. Listening Material
Differences between reading passages and listening materials A lecture • The lecture and the reading passage may not be highly connected. They may talk about different things with overlapping ideas. • The lecture always cut down the topic to a manageable size, which means the lecture normally set the term in a much smaller topic range. • The examples given in the lecture may serve a different purpose from the examples in the reading passage. You need to pay more attention to the listening part. e.g.
Fungi and plant disease • Of all the organisms responsible for diseases in plants, fungi cause the most problems. Although a fungus is technically a small plant, it cannot make its own food and therefore survive by being a parasite-living off other plant hosts. A common fungus, southern blight, affects many vegetables, including tomatoes and potatoes. It appears as a fuzzy white growth on the plant’s stem near soil level. When the plant is infected with the blight, it wilts and then dies. The fungus may spread to the soil, where it can survive for years. Speaking, Track 13
• Explain ways that a gardener can control plant disease
