GRE真题5SECTION 1Time-30 minutes38 Questions1. Contrary to the popular conception that it is powered by conscious objectivity, science often operates through error, happy accidents, ______ and persistence in spite of mistakes.(A) facts(B) controls(C) hunches(D) deductions(E) calculations2. The transition from the Paleolithic to the Neolithic era is viewed by most art historians as a ____ , because, instead of an increasingly ______ pictorial art, we find degeneration.(A) milestone.. debased(B) consolidation.. diverse(C) calamity.. aberrant(D) regression.. sophisticated(E) continuation.. improved3. Salazar’s presence in the group was so _____ the others that they lost most of their earlier ______; failure, for them, became all but unthinkable.(A) reassuring to .. trepidation(B) unnoticed by.. curiosity(C) unusual to.. harmony(D) endearing to.. confidence(E) unexpected by.. exhilaration journalists from the major metropolitan newspapers.(A) abreast of.. disclosed to(B) involved in.. leaded to(C) apprised of.. withheld from(D) speculating about.. denied to(E) ignorant of .. suppressed by6. Word order in a sentence was much freer in Old French than it is in French today, this _______disappeared as the French language gradually lost its case distinctions.(A) restriction(B) license(C) similarity(D) rigidity(E) imperative7.Whereas biologists must maintain a _____attitude toward the subjects of their research, social scientists must, paradoxically, combine personal involvement and scholarly _____.(A) scrupulous.. sympathy(B) careful.. abandon(C) casual.. precision(D) passive.. passion(E) disinterested.. detachment8. FLAG: COUNTRY::(A) dialect: region(B) handshake: greeting(C) trademark: company(D) patent: product(E) souvenir: vacation4. The eradication of pollution is not merely a matter of___, though the majestic beauty of nature is indeed an important consideration.(A) economics(B) legislation(C) cleanliness(D) aesthetics(E) cleanliness5. Despite an agreement between labor and management to 9. IRON: METAL::(A) granite: rock(B) fragment: block(C) mine: one(D) shale: petroleum(E) glacier: mountain10. STENCIL: LETTERING::(A) skillet: heating(B) pattern: Sewing(E) hammer: building samples of air trapped in glaciers,scientists now have a clearer idea of11. SWILL: SIP:(A) orate: listen(B) gobble: nibble(C) strut: walk(D) wink: glance(E) say: whisper12. GLADE: FOREST::(A) river: bank(B) summit: valley(C) shore: lake(D) oasis: desert(E) field: furrow13. EXULT: SATISFACTION::(A) crave: longing(B) banter: conversation(C) emote: affectation(D) venture: rashness(E) bore: weariness14. INDUSTRIOUSNESS: ACTIVITY::(A) kindliness: animosity(B) anxiousness: apathy(C) boldness: strength(D) purposefulness: enthusiasm(E) fastidiousness: selectivity15. TRUCULENT: GENTLENESS::(A) gullible: belief(B) fervent: zeal(C) forthright: trust(D) gluttonous: appetite(E) unregenerate: remorse16. STRIDENCY: SOUND::(A) fluidity: liquid(B) graininess texture(C) garishness: appearance(D) variegation: color(E) aroma: odorthe relationship between atmospheric (5) composition and global temperaturechange over the past 160,000 years. Inparticular, determination of atmosphericcomposition during periods of glacialexpansion and retreat (cooling and (10) warming) is possible using data from the2,000 meter V ostok ice core drilled inAntarctica. The technique involved issimilar to that used in analyzing coresof marine sediments, where the ratio of (15) the two common isotopes of oxygen, 12Oand 16O, accurately reflects pasttemperature changes. Isotopic analysisof oxygen in the V ostok core suggestsmean global temperature fluctuations (20) of up to 10 degrees centigrade over thepast 160,000 years.Data from the V ostok core alsoindicate that the amount of carbondioxide has fluctuated with tempera- (25) ture over the same period: the higherthe temperature, the higher theconcentration of carbon dioxide and thelower the temperature, the lower theconcentration. Although change in carbon (30) dioxide content closely follows changein temperature during periods of deglaciation it apparently lags behindtemperature during periods of cooling.The correlation of carbon dioxide with (35) temperature, of course, does notestablish whether changes in atmosphericcomposition caused the warming andcooling trends or were caused by their.The correlation between carbon dioxide (40) and temperature throughout the V ostokrecord is consistent and predictable.The absolute temperature changes,however, are from 5 to 14 times greaterthan would be expected on the basis of (45) carbon dioxide's own ability to absorbThis reaction suggests that, quite aside absorbing radiant heat.from changes in heat-trapping gases, (C) The Earth’s atmosphere now contains more than commonly known as greenhouse gases, twice as much methane as it does carbon (50) certain positive feedbacks are also dioxide.with temperature and carbon dioxide.The methane concentration nearly 19. According to the passage, which of the following doubled,for example, between the peak statements best describes the relationship between(60) of the penultimate glacial period and carbon dioxide and global temperature?(A) Carbon dioxide levels change immediately inresponse to changes in temperature.(65) the concentration of atmospheric methaneis more than two orders of magnitudelower than that of carbon dioxide, itcannot be ignored: the radiativeproperties of methane make it 20 times (D) Carbon dioxide levels increase more quickly than (70) more effective, molecule for molecule, global temperature does.than carbon dioxide in absorbing radiant (E) During cooling periods, carbon dioxide levels heat. On the basis of a simulation model initially remain high and then decline.(75) been about 25 percent as important ascarbon dioxide in the warming that took (A) increased concentration of carbon dioxide in the place during the most recent glacial Earth’s atmosphere is responsible for global retreat 8,000 to 10,000 years ago.(B) some climate simulation models have producedtemperature increase(D) variables that benefit life are causing globaltemperature to increase(E) beneficial substances that are not heat-trapping(E) attack a theory gases and that contribute to global temperature18. According to the passage, which of the followingstatements about methane is true? 21. It can be inferred from the passage that a long-term(A) Methane is found in marine sediments. decrease in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the(B) Methane is more effective than carbon dioxide in(A) increase methane concentration in the Earth’s (15) deploring women's political and maritalatmosphere inequality. Mention of the fact that the(B) accompany a period of glaciation civil codes of 1870 and 1884women's improved status counteracted(E) increase the amount of infrared radiation the effects on women of instability in theabsorbed by the Earth’s atmosphere Mexican economy during the nineteenth22. The passage suggests that when the methaneconcentration in the Earth’s atmosphere decreases,which of the following also happens?history are precisely what make Arrom's(30) pioneering study an important addition(C) The mean global temperature decreases. to Latin American women's history.(D) Carbon dioxide absorbs more radiant beat.24. The passage is primarily concerned with doing which23. In the fourth paragraph, the author is primarilyconcerned with (A) Reviewing a historical study of the status of(A) restating the main idea of the passage(B) using research findings to develop a simulationmodelnineteenth centurystatus in Mexico City improved during thenineteenth centuryMexico City during the nineteenth centuryactually improvedand instances of women working outsidethe home were much more common than 25. According to the author of the passage, Arrom’s study scholars have estimated; efforts by can be characterized as “an important addition to Latin the Mexican government to encourage American women’s history” (lines 21-22) because it (10) female education resulted in increased (A) offers a radical thesis concerning the status ofwomen’s civil rights in Mexican society during writers wrote pieces advocating the nineteenth centuryhas not previously been applied to LatinAmerican history (A) deficiency(B) inequality(C) focuses only on the status of women in Mexicansociety (C) outcome26.27.(D) addresses a period in Mexican history thatscholars have to some extent neglected(E) is the first study to recognize the role of theMexican government in encouraging women’seducationIt can be inferred from the passage that Arrom wouldagree with which of the following assertions?(A) Efforts by the Mexican government to encourageeducation for women during the nineteenthcentury were hampered by the economicinstability of that period.(B) The most significant advances in the rights ofMexican women during the nineteenth centuryoccurred prior to 1857.(C) Improvements in the status of women in MexicoCity during the nineteenth century wereaccompanied by similar improvements in thestatus of women in other large Latin Americancities.(D) Scholars have in the past accorded the mostsignificance to nineteenth-century Mexicanliterature that supported the status quo inwomen’s political and marital rights.(E) Scholars have in the past underestimated thenumber of households headed by females inMexico City.Which of the following best describes the author’sattitude toward Arrom’s work?(A) Uncritical approval(B) Enthusiasm tempered by minor reservations(C) Praise for her thesis, despite skepticism regardingthe sources of her evidence(D) Reluctant acceptance, despite lingering doubtsregarding the accuracy of her thesis(E) Rejection, despite admiration for her attempt tobreak new ground in a hitherto neglected field(D) fluctuation(E) minority29. INTRINSIC:(A) exceptional(B) exemplary(C) extraneous(D) inopportune(E) indefinite30. EXUDE:(A) absorb(B) ignite(C) infest(D) depress(E) agitate31. AFFINITY:(A) displeasure(B) aversion(C) moroseness(D) bad luck(E) unacceptable behavior32. POTABLE:(A) dissolved(B) crystallized(C) undrinkable(D) carbonated(E) diluted33. EXTEMPORIZE:(A) create order(B) assist others(C) act timidly(D) remain on time(E) follow a script34. CURSORY:(A) overestimated(B) irrevocable(D) slow and thorough(E) large and unwieldy35. INDURA TE:(A) incandescence(B) impede(C) soften(D) deflect(E) inspire36. PERTURBATION:(A) amity(B) altruism(C) felicity(D) equanimity(E) generosity37. INIMICAL:(A) histrionic(B) joyful(C) ordinary(D) friendly(E) naiveSECTION 2Time-30 minutes38 Questions1. Read’s apology to Heflin was not exactly abject and did little to _____their decades-long quarrel, which had been as _____ as the academic etiquette of scholarly journals permitted.(A) encourage.. sporadic(B) dampen.. courteous(C) obscure.. ceremonious(D) resolve.. acrimonious(E) blur.. sarcastic38. DISSEMBLING:(A) proficient(B) candid(C) expressive(D) defiant(E) outgoing 2. Certain weeds that flourish among rice crops resist detection until maturity by ______ the seedling stage in the rice plant’s life cycle, thereby remaining indistinguishable from the rice crop until the flowering stage.(A) deterring(B) displacing(C) augmenting(D) imitating(E) nurturing3. Although the architect’s concept at first sounded too_____ to be ____ , his careful analysis of every aspect of the project convinced the panel that the proposed building was indeed, structurally feasible.(A) mundane.. attractive(B) eclectic.. appealing(C) grandiose.. affordable(D) innovative.. ignored(E) visionary.. practicable4. Gould claimed to ______ knowledge of linguistics, but only a hobbyist’s interest in language. (B)(C)burglar: entrystowaway: fare(A) manifest(B) plausible(C) technical(D) rudimentary(E) insignificant5. An obvious style, easily identified by some superficial quirk, is properly_____ as a mere mannerism, whereas a complex and subtle style_____ reduction to a formula.(A) avoided.. risks(B) decried.. resists(C) prized.. withstands(D) identified ..consists of(E) cultivated.. demands6. If efficacious new medicines have side effects that are commonly observed and ____, such medicines are too often considered _____, even when laboratory tests suggest caution.(A) unremarkable.. safe(B) unpredictable.. reliable(C) frequent.. outdated(D) salutary.. experimental(E) complicated.. useful7. Although a few delegates gave the opposition’s suggestions a ______ response, most greeted the statement of a counterposition with ______.(A) favorable.. approval(B) dispirited.. reluctance(C) surly.. resentment(D) halfhearted.. composure(E) vitriolic.. civility8. BALLAST: STABILITY::(A) girder: support(B) camouflage: location(C) buoy: channel(D) hinge: door(E) staircase: banister9. SMUGGLER: TARIFF::(A) embezzler: funds (D) impersonator: credentials(E) shoplifter: prosecution10. LIMBER: FLEXIBILITY::(A) mutable: uniformity(B) spindly: frailty(C) jagged: regularity(D) decrepit: vitality(E) truncated: continuity11. FOIBLE: FLAW::(A) example: generalization(B) quibble: objection(C) fever: delirium(D) dinner: banquet(E) agreement: treaty13. EXTRA V AGANCE: EXPENDITURE::(A) bias: judgment(B) exaggeration: deception(C) inducement: invitation(D) loquaciousness: talk(E) distortion: paraphrase14. SEQUESTER: SECLUSION::(A) shun: infamy(B) persuade: coercion(C) endow: gratitude(D) admonish: instruction(E) endanger: jeopardy15. OBSEQUIOUS: FAWN::(A) unsuccessful: achieve(B) conscientious: shirk(C) compliant: yield(D) staid: laugh(E) amenable: argue16. ELLIPSIS: WORD(A) apostrophe: fetter(B) period: sentence(C) asterisk: footnote(D) noun: adjective(E) syllable: vowel philosophy, but of research inmathematics and physics. This link17. TACITURN: CHATTER:(A) covert: detect(B) profligate: exhaust(C) secretive: examine(D) insufferable: tolerate(E) magnanimous: begrudgePresent-day philosophers usuallyenvision their discipline as anendeavor that has been, since antiquity,distinct from and superior to any(5) particular intellectual discipline, suchas theology or science. Such philosoph-ical concerns as the mind-body problemor, more generally, the nature ofhuman knowledge they believe, are basic (10) human questions whose tentativephilosophical solutions have served asthe necessary foundations on which allother intellectual speculation hasrested.(15) The basis for this view, however, liesin a serious misinterpretation of thepast, a projection of modern concernsonto past events. The idea of anautonomous discipline called(20) "philosophy," distinct from and sittingin judgment on such pursuits as theologyand science turns out, on closeexamination, to be of quite recentorigin. When, in the seventeenth (25) century, Descartes and Hobbes rejectedmedieval philosophy, they did not thinkof themselves, as modern philosophersdo, as proposing a new and betterphilosophy, but rather as furthering (30) "the warfare between science andtheology." They were fighting, albeitdiscreetly, to open the intellectualworld to the new science and to liberateintellectual life from ecclesiastical (35) philosophy and envisioned their work ascontributing to the growth, not ofbetween philosophical interests and (40) scientific practice persisted untilthe nineteenth century, when decline inecclesiastical power over scholarshipand changes in the nature of scienceprovoked the final separation of(45) philosophy from both.The demarcation of philosophy fromscience was facilitated by thedevelopment in the early nineteenthcentury of a new notion, that(50) philosophy's core interest should beepistemology, the general explanation ofwhat it means to know something. Modernphilosophers now trace that notionback at least to Descartes and Spinoza, (55) but it was not explicitly articulateduntil the late eighteenth century, byKant, and did not become built into thestructure of academic institutions andthe standard self-descriptions of(60) philosophy professors until the latenineteenth century. Without the idea ofepistemology, the survival of philosophyin an age of modern science is hard toimagine. Metaphysics, philosophy's (65) traditional core-considered as the mostgeneral description of how the heavensand the earth are put together-had beenrendered almost completely meaninglessby the spectacular progress of physics. (70) Kant, however, by focusing philosophy onthe problem of knowledge, managed toreplace metaphysics with epistemology,and thus to transform the notion ofphilosophy as "queen of sciences" into (75) the new notion of philosophy as aseparate, foundational discipline.Philosophy became "primary" no longer inthe sense of "highest" but in the senseof "underlying". After Kant,(80) philosophers were able to reinterpretseventeenth-and eighteenth-centurythinkers as attempting to discover "How(A) pragmatic and hypocriticalis our knowledge possible?" and to (B) cautious and inconsistent (D) intense but fleeting(E) strong but prudent17. Which of the following best expresses the author’smain point? 21. The author of the passage implies which of thequestions is a legacy primarily of the work ofKant. (A) Nineteenth-century philosophy took science as itsseventeenth-century warfare between scienceand religion. (B) The role of academic institutions in shapingphilosophers has remained relatively constantsince antiquity. (C) Nineteenth-century philosophers carried out aintellectual pursuit is a relatively recentdevelopment. (D) Kant had an overwhelming impact on the(E) The role of philosophy in guiding intellectualspeculation has gradually been usurped by(E) Nineteenth-century philosophy made majorscience. advances in understanding the nature ofknowledge.18. According to the passage, present-day philosophersbelieve that the mind-body problem is an issue that22. With which of the following statements concerning theideas over the role played by individuals.(B) History should not be distorted by attributingpresent-day consciousness to historical figures.(C) History should not be focused primarily on those19. According to the author, philosophy became distinct past events most relevant to the present.from science and theology during the (D) History should be concerned with describing (A) ancient period those aspects of the past that differ most from(B) medieval period(C) seventeenth century(D) nineteenth century(E) twentieth century20. The author suggests that Descartes’ support for thenew science of the seventeenth century can beproject this question back even on the(C) daring and opportunistic(85) ancients.following in discussing the development of philosophy(A) Philosophy’s overriding interest in basic humanduring the nineteenth century?model for understanding the bases of(B) Philosophy was deeply involved in theknowledge.metaphysical philosophy grew enormously(C) The set of problems of primary importance toduring the nineteenth century.program of investigation explicitly laid out by(D) The status of philosophy as an independentDescartes and Spinoza.direction of nineteenth-century philosophy.writing of history would the author of the passage be(A) has implications primarily for philosophersmost likely to agree?(B) may be affected by recent advances in science(A) History should not emphasize the role played by(C) has shaped recent work in epistemology(D) has little relevance to present-day philosophy(E) has served as a basis for intellectual speculationsince antiquitythose of the present.(E) History should be examined for the lessons it canprovide in understanding current problems.23. The primary function of the passage as a whole is to(A) compare two competing models(B) analyze a difficult theory(D) correct an erroneous belief by describing its evolve in similar waysorigins (E) animals that have flippers do not all use them in(E) resolve a long-standing theoretical controversy the same way25. The author implies that which of the following waspart of the long-standing view concerning pinnipeds?terrestrial bear like animal, whereas the(5) remaining group, seals, shares anancestor with weasels. But the recentdiscovery of detailed similarities in (C) Similarities among pinnipeds are due to their all the skeletal structure of the flippers having had to adapt to aquatic life.in all three groups undermines the (D) There are detailed similarities in the skeletal(10) attempt to explain away superficial structure of the flippers in all pinnipeds.(E) Convergent evolution cannot account for thesimilarities among pinnipeds.of similarities between unrelated groupsin response to similar environmental 26. The author implies which of the following about the (15) pressures. Flippers may indeed be a fact that turtles, whales, and dugongs all have flippers?necessary response to aquatic life, (A) It can be explained by the hypothesis that turtles, turtles, whales, and dugongs also have whales, and dugongs are very closely related.them. But the common detailed design (B) It can be explained by the idea of convergent found among the pinnipeds probably evolution.(25) in the flippers resulted from similarenvironmental pressures, as posited bythe convergent-evolution theory, one whales, and dugongs, on the one hand, and would expect walruses and seals, but not pinnipeds, on the other.27. In presenting the argument in the passage, the authordoes which of the following?(A) Contends that key terms in an opposing view24. According to the passage, it has been recently have been improperly used.discovered that (B) Contends that opponents have purposely(A) there are detailed skeletal similarities in the obscured important evidence.flippers of pinnipeds (C) Shows that two theories thought to be in conflict(B) sea lions, seals, and walruses are all pinnipeds are actually complementary.(C) pinnipeds are descended from animals that once (D) Shows that advocates of a theory have not alwayslived on land stated their view in the same manner.(D) animals without common ancestors sometimes (E) Shows that an implication of a theory iscontradicted by the facts.28. GARGANTUAN:(A) lackadaisical(B) minuscule(C) unconvivial(D) illusory(E) unconcerned29. EXCA V ATE:(A) fill in(B) spill over(C) move through(D) slide down(E) pass over30. DEBUT:(A) retrospective(B) rehearsal(C) soliloquy(D) cameo role(E) farewell performance31. EXONERATE:(A) prove guilty(B) hamper progress(C) place inside(D) recommend(E) reinstate32. DELICACY:(A) disparity(B) flamboyance(C) crudity(D) simplicity(E) expansiveness (A) perceiving(B) plant(C) inconsistent(D) innate(E) lethargic35. EVINCE:(A) complain(B) irritate(C) misinterpret(D) keep hidden(E) keep separate36. SOLICITUDE:(A) indifference(B) resignation(C) perversity(D) mortification(E) recalcitrance37. ACCRETE:(A) wear away(B) slip off(C) fall down(D) seep out(E) dry out38. PATINA:(A) recent implementation(B) partial completion(C) chance occurrence(D) essential quality(E) incidental observation33. ARCANE:(A) controversial(B) avid(C) romantic(D) well-known(E) all-consuming更多GRE真题及资讯请登陆新东方在线GRE频道/gre/34. INSENTIENT:11。
