初中英语 情态动词 练习题(含答案)

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1 必修模块3系统语法梳理

——情态动词用法

(学生版)

一、情态动词基本用法

● 情态动词语气强弱对比

● 情态动词重点用法解析

1. can与could

(1)表能力,常译为“____________”,如:

例:我会说日语,但是不会写。

(2)表示允许,常译为“____________”,could可以表示更为委婉的请求或许可,如:

例:你可以在这屋子里吸烟。

(3)表推测,常用来表示“惊讶、怀疑、不相信等态度”,多用于___________或___________中,could表示可能性比can小,如:

例:他是个诚实的人,他不可能撒谎。

2. may与might

(1)表示许可或征询对方许可,常译为“____________”,表示征询许可时,may与can / could可以换用,但might比may的语气更婉转一些;对含may的一般疑问句的肯定回答可用_________或________,否定回答用___________或__________,如:

例:—我可以进来吗?

—不,你不能进来。

(2)表推测,译为“______________________”,多用于肯定句或否定句中;may not表示“___________”,might比may的可能性小,如:

例:他现在可能很忙。

(3)may用于祈使句表“祝愿”

例:祝你成功!

(4)may / might as well do sth.

3. will与would 重点内容梳理

2 (1)表示“请求、建议”,一般用于_________人称的疑问句中,would比will更婉转

(2)表示“意志、愿望和决心”,一般译为_________________,would表示过去的意愿和决心

例:我再也不会做那件事了。

(3)表示习惯性动作或某种倾向

例:鱼离开水就会死。

(4)would do与used to do

4. shall与should

(1)shall用于__________________人称做主语的疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示

例:今晚我们干什么呢?

(2)shall用于主语是第二、第三人称做主语的句子中,表示说话人对对方的_____________________________或用于______________________________,表示强制性

例:如果你不努力学习,你会学习不及格。

例:当我读完这本书时,他可以拿走他。

(3)should表示______________________时,其同义词是ought to,在疑问句中通常用should代替ought to

例:你应该立刻去上课。

(4)should表推测,意为__________________

例:我认为他们现在应该在那儿了。

5. must

(1)表命令,意为“必须”,一般用于肯定句中;must问句的肯定回答用_______________,否定回答用________________或_______________

例:—我们今天必须完成这项任务吗?

—不,不必了。

(2)must表推测,意为_________________________,只能用于____________句中。

例:走了这么长的一段路,你一定累了。

二、情态动词 + have done的用法

情态动词 + have done结构是历年高考的热点之一,此结构可表示对过去动作的“推测、责备、怀疑”等。

含 义 用法要点

must have done 肯定、必定已做了某事

3 can’t或couldn’t

或mightn’t have done 不可能已经做了某事

may / might have done 可能、大概已做了某事

might have done 可能、大概已做了某事

本可以做某事

could have done 可能已经做了某事

本能够做某事

should have done 本应该做某事

needn’t have done 本不必做某事

例:

地面很潮湿,昨晚一定下雨了。

他不可能在这么短时间内完成如此多的任务。

汤姆可能已经去上海了,但我仍不确定。

那时,我本不应该给你说那些。

三、情态动词使用注意事项

1. can / could用于肯定句中,表示客观上的可能性

2. can / could与be able to区别

(1)时态方面区别

(2)用法区别

例:This time I failed in the exam, but I _________________(can / be able to)pass the exam next time.

3. should的特别含义:

I don’t know the reason why you should think I have done that on purpose.

4. must的特别含义:

例:I’m sleeping now. Must you make so much noise?

5.情态动词 + have done结构

● 方法点拨

4

1. I’m always running into a handsome young man; he _________ live quite near here.

A. can B. must C. may D. will

2. — Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Central South University?

— Sorry, I’m not sure. But it _________ be.

A. might B. will C. must D. should

3. From her knowledge of the animal habits, Becky feels sure that the animal ________ have slept for such a long time in

the cave.

A. mustn’t B. wouldn’t C. can’t D. needn’t

4. The boy _________ the first prize, but he was so careless as to make a foolish mistake.

A. must have gained B. needn’t have gained C. could have gained D. shall have gained

5. Days later, my brother called to say he was all right, but _________ say where he was.

A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. wouldn’t D. mightn’t

6. I ________ pay a visit to Tracy, but I’m not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.

A. should B. might C. would D. could

7. —Who left the door open?

—Oh, sorry. I ________ the door.

A. ought to lock B. ought to have locked C. should lock D. must have locked

8. According to the Tourism Law of the People’s Republic of China, tourists ________ observe public order and respect

local customs, cultural traditions and religious beliefs.

A. need B. must C. shall D. may

9. When you arrive at the front door, you won’t need a key because the door _______open with a touch of your finger.

A. must B. might C. need D. will

10. —When will the Swiss delegation arrive?

—Their plane takes off at 3 pm and it ________ reach at 7 pm.

A. should B. could C. must D. can

11. He ________ in a queue; he should have got the ticket from the machine.

A. couldn’t have stood B. shouldn’t have stood C. wouldn’t have stood D. needn’t have stood

12. —You look worried. What happened to you?

—Anxious to go shopping. Why _______ it rain on Sunday?

A. should B. can C. would D. must

13. The school made rules that no students ________ carry cell phones while taking an exam.

A. shall B. will C. may D. need

14. —Mum, it’s so cold outside that I don’t feel like going shopping with you.

—Oh, if you don’t, you _______ as well watch TV at home.

A. should B. may C. can D. would