The Evolution of Organization at PHILIPS
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二元性：一种解决组织困境的动态能力
Ambidexterityasadynamiccapability:
Resolvingtheinnovator’sdilemma
CharlesA.O’ReillyIIIa,*,MichaelL.Tushmanb
aGraduateSchoolofBusiness,StanfordUniversity,Stanford,CA94305,USAbHarvardBusinessSchool,SoldiersFieldRoad,Boston,MA02163,USA
Abstract
Howdoorganizationssurviveinthefaceofchange?Underlyingthisquestionisarichdebateaboutwhetherorganizationscanadapt—andifsohow.Oneperspective,organizationalecology,presentsevidencesuggestingthatmostorganizationsarelargelyinertandultimatelyfail.Asecondperspectivearguesthatsomefirmsdolearnandadapttoshiftingenvironmentalcontexts.Recently,thislatterviewhascoalescedaroundtwothemes.Thefirst,basedonresearchinstrategysuggeststhatdynamiccapabilities,theabilityofafirmtoreconfigureassetsandexistingcapabilities,explainslong-termcompetitiveadvantage.Thesecond,basedonorganizationaldesign,arguesthatambidexterity,theabilityofafirmtosimultaneouslyexploreandexploit,enablesafirmtoadaptovertime.Inthispaper,wereviewandintegratethesecomparativelynewresearchstreamsandidentifyasetofpropositionsthatsuggesthowambidexterityactsasadynamiccapability.Wesuggestthatefficiencyandinnovationneednotbestrategictradeoffsandhighlightthesubstantiveroleofseniorteamsinbuildingdynamiccapabilities.#2008ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.
《管理学》第一章-管理人员与管理全英文考试题目
Chapter 1 - Managers and Management
1 Chapter 1 Managers and Management
True/False
1. There is a universally accepted model of a successful manager.
(False; Easy; p. 2)
2. A systematic arrangement of people brought together to accomplish some specific purpose is an
organization.
(True; Easy; p. 3)
3. All organizations develop a systematic structure that defines and limits the behavior of their
members.
(True; Moderate; p. 3)
4. The primary distinction between operatives and managers is that operatives have employees who
report directly to them.
(False; Moderate; p. 3)
5. Operatives direct the activities of other people in the organization.
(False; Moderate; p. 3)
6. Middle managers may have titles such as department head, project leader, unit chief, or district
徐淑英推荐组织与人力资源阅读汇报材料
. . . . .
学习参考
Overview of Theory & Selected Methodological Issues
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable
distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and
statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
51, 1173-1182.
Cummings, L.L. (1978). Toward organizational behavior. Academy of Management
Review, 3, 90-98
Davis, M. S. (1971). That's interesting! Towards a phenomenology of sociology
and a sociology of phenomenology. Philosophy of the Social Sciences, 1,
309-334.
Dubin, R. (1976). Theory building in applied areas. In M. D. Dunnette (Ed.),
Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology, pp. 17-26. Chicago:
Rand McNally.
Feldman, D. (2004). Being a developmental reviewer: Easier said than done,
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