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Unit1Howard Gardner, a professor of education at Harvard University, reflects on a visit to China and gives his thoughts on different approaches to learning in China and the West.哈佛大学教育学教授霍华德·加德纳回忆其中国之行，阐述他对中西方不同的学习方式的看法。
Learning, Chinese-StyleHoward Gardner 1 For a month in the spring of 1987, my wife Ellen and I lived in the bustling eastern Chinese city of Nanjing with our 18-month-old son Benjamin while studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementary schools. But one of the most telling lessons Ellen and I got in the difference between Chinese and American ideas of education came not in the classroom but in the lobby of the Jinling Hotel where we stayed in Nanjing.中国式的学习风格霍华德·加德纳1987年春，我和妻子埃伦带着我们18个月的儿子本杰明在繁忙的中国东部城市南京住了一个月，同时考察中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况。
然而，我和埃伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂，而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店的大堂。
Unit 1 Text A选择健康饮食，不论有机与否自联邦政府六年半前认证“有机”食品以来，美国人以极大地热情接受了这一概念。
有机食品的销售额至少翻了一倍，国内四分之三的杂货店都在出售有机食品。
2007年10月的哈里斯民意调查发现，大约30%的美国人至少偶尔会购买有机食品，而且绝大多数人认为它更安全、更有力于环境，也更健康。
菲尔·霍华德是密歇根州立大学研究社区、食物和农业方面的助理教授，他谈到：“人们相信有机食物一定对人更有利。
”最近我在美国和加拿大宣传新书的途中也发现了这个问题。
当我对着一群热衷饮食健康的观众讲如何健康饮食时，无论我多么小心翼翼地避免使用“有机”这个词，还是不可避免地有人问：“如果我买不起有机食物怎么办？”有机食物似乎已经成了治愈一切疾病的神奇妙方。
每当人们想到吃有机食物，他们会认为自己吃得好，吃的健康，吃的合理，甚至吃的道德。
但吃“有机”食物并不能保证如此。
事实上，大多数美国人的饮食方式是如此糟糕---我们身体摄取的热量7%来自于软饮料，超过我们从蔬菜中所摄取的；卡里路摄入的最重要来源是“甜食”；国内有三分之一的成年人目前存在过度肥胖问题---以致于有机食物问题成为次要问题。
并非它不重要，而是它不是美国人饮食中的首要问题。
“吃得好，”《食物无罪》的作者迈克尔·波伦说，“意味着避免摄入‘可食用的类似食品的物质’，并坚持提高从蔬菜中获取真正营养成分的原则。
”（平均每个美国人每天消费近两磅的动物产品。
）有足够的证据证明，只要对饮食习惯做一个简单的改变，即从以食用肉类食品和高度加工食品为主转为以植物产品或可能被称为“真正的食物”这样的食品为主，就可以增进人类健康，改善居住环境。
这样的饮食变化使美国人得以减少用于生产食物的土地、水和化学品的使用量，同时也降低由于不健康的饮食而引发的与生活方式有关的疾病的发病率，降低由于大规模生产肉类产品所排放的温室气体量。
“政府的有机规划，”农业部发言人琼·谢佛说，“是为了推广有机食物的认证标准。
《新标准大学英语综合教程》第二单元课文参考译文Active Reading 1第一只牡蛎“来，尝尝这个，这个好吃，”我父亲一边说一边在我的鼻子前晃动着一只牡蛎。
我皱起眉头，说：“我不吃，我不喜欢吃这个。
”“胡说，你没尝过怎么知道不喜欢吃。
” 他跟我论理，“把它放进嘴里，品尝一下大西洋的味道。
”我觉得他说得对，可是有时候有些东西你只要看一眼就知道喜不喜欢。
坦率地说，我觉得牡蛎看起来挺恶心的。
这座饭店坐落在法国一个著名的海滨旅游胜地。
这时侍者不仅端上了一瓶放在冰篮子里的白葡萄酒，还端上一客份量极大的海鲜——螃蟹、对虾、大龙虾及各种贝类，都堆在一起。
我母亲正忙着购物，于是我父亲就决定带我——他十岁的儿子——去吃午饭。
他要让我体验生命里一个重要的事件，一件对我父亲来说与成年一样重要的事：我的第一只牡蛎。
世界上第一个吃牡蛎的男人到底是怎么想的呢？我说“男人”是因为女人肯定不会这么傻吧？“唷，我有点饿了，我们来瞧瞧这个石坑……嗯，我觉得它看起来挺好吃的！”好像不太可能。
父亲的话听起来更像是男生式的挑战。
“来，你尝尝这只牡蛎，我来尝尝这块油滋滋的咸肉三明治，让我们看看谁玩得更开心！”外面，天空灰蒙蒙的，海面上刮来一阵强风。
天气看起来和我的心情一样阴郁。
没有希望，只感觉饿，只担心失去纯真，因为我意识到这第一只牡蛎我今天得非吃不可了。
“我能吃炸鱼和薯条吗？”我满怀希望地问。
我突然觉得想家，想吃我最爱吃的饭菜。
“当然不行！他们这儿没有炸鱼和薯条，只有这地方最上等的海鲜，在这方圆几英里之内你找不到更好的海鲜了。
”他边回答边给自己又倒了一杯酒。
“好啦，别抱怨了，就给我尝一只牡蛎，然后你就可以吃些好吃的、顺口的东西，比如对虾加黄油面包，” 他提议说。
吃了这么长时间的饭，他的话里第一次有了妥协的意思。
但是，尽管清晰地感觉到了他的妥协——只有一个十岁的男孩才有这样的感觉，我仍然明白这妥协包含着吃掉那只牡蛎，那只放在我父亲的盘子边上的牡蛎。
第二版新世纪大学英语综合教程2课文翻译(总11页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--新世纪大学英语综合教程2课文翻译UNIT 1陌生人的仁慈一个夏天，我正驱车从我的家乡加利福尼亚州的塔霍湖市前往新奥尔良。
行驶到沙漠中部时，我遇到了一个正站在路边的年轻人。
他竖起拇指请求搭车，另一只手里握着一个汽油罐。
我径直从他身边开了过去。
…在这个国家曾经有一个时期，如果你对一个需要帮助的人置之不理，那你就被认为是一个愚蠢的人。
但现在，你帮助了别人，你就是一个愚蠢的人。
由于到处隐藏着歹徒、吸毒成瘾者、强奸犯和小偷，…“我不想惹麻烦”就成了民族的箴言。
驶过了几个州后，我仍然在想着那个搭便车的旅行者。
把他束手无策留在沙漠并没有让我太烦扰。
让我烦扰的是，我是多么轻易的就下了这个决定。
我甚至都没有把脚从加速器上抬起来。
还会有人再停下来么？我很想知道。
我想起布兰奇-杜包尔斯的著名的台词“我总是非常依赖陌生人的仁慈”。
…如今还会有人依赖陌生人的仁慈吗？检验此事的一个方法就是让一个人不带钱，只依靠美国同胞的好心，从一个海岸到另一个海岸去旅行。
他将发现什么样的美国人呢谁将会给他食物、提供住处、载他一路这个想法激起我的好奇心。
…在我步入37岁的那周，我意识到在我的一生中还从未冒过险。
因此我决定身无分文的从太平洋到大西洋旅行。
在这个金钱万能的国家，这将会是一次不花钱的旅行。
我将只接受别人提供的搭车、食物以及休息场所。
我最终的目的地将是被卡罗莱纳周的恐怖角，这是我整个旅行要克服的所有恐惧的一个象征。
1994年9月6日，我早早的起了床，动身前往金门桥。
我背上背了50镑重的行李和一个向过往的车辆展示我此行目的地的标牌“美国”。
…六周的时间，我免费搭车82次，穿越了14个省4223英里。
当我旅行时，人们总是提醒我关于其他地方的事情。
在蒙大拿州，他们告诉我要提防怀俄明州的牛仔。
在内布拉斯加州，他们说艾奥瓦州的人不像他们那么友好。
全新版大学英语综合教程第二册英文翻译中文1单元1.Appalled by what their children spend on candy and video games(or, rather, appalled by the degree to which their children’s overspending seems to mimic their own), parents devise ways to lock up their children’s resources.孩子们在糖果、电子游戏上的花费之大令家长们十分震惊（或者更确切地说，孩子们的超支行为似乎是在竭力仿效父母，这令家长们十分震惊），于是家长便设法把孩子们的钱存起来不让他们用。
2、Compounded, that works out to an annual rate of more than 70 cent以复利计算，年息达到 70%以上。
3、 give them unlimited access to their funds, no questions asked, and I provide printed statements I on demand.他们使用自己的资金我不加任何限制，不做任何询问，我还根据要求随时提供打印的账单。
4、The only way to teach kids to adopt a lo-term perspective is to give them a short-term incentive for doing so.教育孩子们看问题要有长远目光的唯一途径，是让孩子们近期内便能尝到某种甜头，从而激励他们去那样做。
2单元1.Only in america can a billionaire carry on like plain folks and get away with it.只有在美国，一个亿万富翁才能像普通百姓一样，安稳地过着普普通通的日子。
U n i t2T h e V i r t u e s o fG r o w i n g O l d e r课文翻译综合教程二(总3页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--Unit 2 The Virtues of Growing Older Our society worships youth. Advertisements convince us to buy Grecian Formula and Oil of Olay so we can hide the gray in our hair and smooth the lines on our face. Television shows feature attractive young stars with firm bodies, perfect complexions, and thick manes of hair. Middle-aged folks work out in gyms and jog down the street, trying to delay the effects of age.Wouldn't any person over thirty gladly sign with the devil just to be young again Isn't aging an experience to be dreaded Perhaps it is unAmerican to say so, but I believe the answer is "No." Being young is often pleasant, but being older has distinct advantages.When young, you are apt to be obsessed with your appearance. When my brother Dave and I were teens, we worked feverishly to perfect the bodies we had. Dave lifted weights, took megadoses of vitamins, and drank a half-dozen milk shakes a day in order to turn his wiry adolescent frame into some muscular ideal. And as a teenager, I dieted constantly. No matter what I weighed, though, I was never satisfied with the way I looked. My legs were too heavy, my shoulders too broad, my waist too big. When Dave and I were young, we begged and pleaded for the "right" clothes. If our parents didn't get them for us, we felt our world would fall apart. How could we go to school wearing loose-fitting blazers when everyone else would be wearing smartly tailored leather jackets We could be considered freaks. I often wonder how my parents, and parents in general, manage to tolerate their children during the adolescent years. Now, however, Dave and I are beyond such adolescent agonies. My rounded figure seems fine, and don't deny myself a slice of pecan pie if I feel in the mood. Dave still works out, but he has actually become fond of his tall, lanky frame. The two of us enjoy wearing fashionable clothes, but we are no longer slaves to style. And women, I'm embarrassed to admit, even more than men, have always seemed to be at the mercy of fashion. Now my clothes ---- and my brother's ---- are attractive yet easy to wear. We no longer feel anxious about what others will think. As long as we feel good about how we look, we are happy.Being older is preferable to being younger in another way. Obviously, I still have important choices to make about my life, but I have already made many of the critical decisions that confront those just starting out. I chose the man I wanted to marry. I decided to have children. I elected to return to college to complete my education. But when you are young, major decisions awaityou at every turn. "What college should I attend What career should I pursue Should I get married Should I have children" There are just a few of the issues facing young people. It's no wonder that, despite their carefree facade, they are often confused, uncertain, and troubled by all the unknowns in their future.But the greatest benefit of being forty is knowing who I am. The most unsettling aspect of youth is the uncertainty you feel about your values, goals, and dreams. Being young means wondering what is worth working for. Being young means feeling happy with yourself one day and wishing you were never born the next. It means trying on new selves by taking up with different crowds. It means resenting your parents and their way of life one minute and then feeling you will never be as good or as accomplished as they are. By way of contrast, forty is sanity. I have a surer self-identity now. I don't laugh at jokes I don't think are funny. I can make a speech in front of a town meeting or complain in a store because I am no longer terrified that people will laugh at me; I am no longer anxious that everyone must like me. I no longer blame my parents for my every personality quirk or keep a running score of everything they did wrong raising me. Life has taught me that I, not they, am responsible for who I am. We are all human beings—neither saints nor devils.Most Americans blindly accept the idea that newer is automatically better. But a human life contradicts this premise. There is a great deal of happiness to be found as we grow older. My own parents, now in their sixties, recently told me that they are happier now than they have ever been. They would not want to be my age. Did this surprise me At first, yes. Then it gladdened me. Their contentment holds out great promise for me as I move into the next ---- perhaps even better ---- phase of my life.年华老去的好处我们所处的社会崇尚年轻。
新世纪大学英语综合教程2课文翻译及课后答案完整版导读：6根据密歇根大学研究人员的研究结果，别是在如今21世纪多元化的工作场所，密歇根大学的心理学家杰弗里·桑切斯–伯克斯研究的是不同文化包括美国文化的团队合作，知道答案确实会很有帮助，以优异成绩从大学毕业时，TextB诚聘：具有团队精神者哈拉·埃斯特罗夫·马拉诺1你跟他人合作愉快吗？身在职场，与他人合作良好意味着你是团队的一分子，这在几乎所有的招聘要求里都是关键的一部分。
2最起码而言，它意味着你可以哈拉·埃斯特罗夫·马拉诺1你跟他人合作愉快吗？身在职场，与他人合作良好意味着你是团队的一分子，这在几乎所有的招聘要求里都是关键的一部分。
2最起码而言，它意味着你可以在工作场所与人和睦相处，具备一定的社交技能，可以与其他员工保持开放而有益的关系。
总体而言，你可以完成自己需要完成的事情，不管是撰写调查报告，还是推出新的销售报告，或者只是保证公司日复一日地正常运作。
3从较深层次来看，具有团队精神也就意味着控制自己的情绪，将其转化为有效的沟通。
这可能并非易事，要视工作环境、你的个性以及团队其他成员的个性而定。
4人们通常认为，在工作中我们应该控制情绪，感情过于外露是大忌。
我们常认为，―专业‖就意味着克制自己的思想和言语，遵守办公室规范。
5但具备团队精神要求能够解读他人的情绪，包括积极的和消极的，还有介于二者之间的。
然后你就可以相应地做出回应，以便完成自己手头的工作。
6根据密歇根大学研究人员的研究结果，在办公室里压制自己的情绪也许是一个错误，特别是在如今21世纪多元化的工作场所。
如果没有人情味、一心扑在工作上，工作效率也会受到影响。
密歇根大学的心理学家杰弗里·桑切斯–伯克斯研究的是不同文化包括美国文化的团队合作风格。
他说，“东亚、拉丁美洲以及中东文化倾向于认为，在工作中，社会和情感关系，与专注于手头的任务一样重要。
Unit 1欧阳光明（2021.03.07）Text AHoward Gardner, a professor of education at Harvard University, reflects on a visit to China and gives his thoughts on different approaches to learning in China and the West.哈佛大学教育学教授霍华德·加德纳回忆其中国之行，阐述他对中西方不同的学习方式的看法。
Learning, Chinese-StyleHoward Gardner 1 For a month in the spring of 1987, my wife Ellen and I lived in the bustling eastern Chinese city of Nanjing with our 18-month-old son Benjamin while studying arts education in Chinese kindergartens and elementary schools. But one of the most telling lessons Ellen and I got in the difference between Chinese and American ideas of education came not in the classroom but in the lobby of the Jinling Hotel where we stayed in Nanjing.中国式的学习风格霍华德·加德纳1987年春，我和妻子埃伦带着我们18个月的儿子本杰明在繁忙的中国东部城市南京住了一个月，同时考察中国幼儿园和小学的艺术教育情况。
然而，我和埃伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂，而是来自我们在南京期间寓居的金陵饭店的大堂。
陌生人的善意1.一年夏天，我从家乡加利福尼亚州的塔霍城开车前往新奥尔良。
在沙漠深处，我碰到一个年轻人站在路旁。
他一只手打出拇指向外的手势，另一只手里拿着一个汽油罐。
我直接从他身边开过去了。
别人会停下来的，我想。
再说，那汽油罐只是个让车停下、好抢劫司机的幌子而已。
在这个国家，曾有那么一段时间，你要是对需要帮助的人置之不理，大家会认为你是混蛋，而如今你要是帮了你就是笨蛋。
到处潜伏着犯罪团伙、吸毒上瘾者、杀人犯、强奸犯、盗窃犯还有劫车犯，为什么要冒险呢？“我不想卷进去”已经成为全国性的信条。
2.开过了几个州以后，我还在想着那个想搭便车的人。
把他一个人留在沙漠中倒并没有让我有多么不安。
让我不安的是，我多么轻易地就做出了这个决定。
我甚至根本没把脚从油门上抬起来。
我很想知道，现在还有人会停车吗？3.我想到我此行的目的地——新奥尔良。
那里是田纳西·威廉姆斯的剧作《欲望号街车》的背景地。
我回想起布兰奇·杜波依斯的名句：“我总是依赖陌生人的善意。
”4.陌生人的善意。
听起来好怪。
如今这年头还有谁能指望陌生人的善意吗？5.要验证这一点，一个办法是一个人从东海岸旅行到西海岸，不带一分钱，完全依靠美国同胞的善意。
他会发现一个什么样的美国？谁会给他饭吃、让他歇脚、捎他一程呢？6.这个念头激起了我的好奇心。
但谁会这么不切实际、愿意去尝试这样一次旅行呢？好吧，我想，那不如我来试试？7.满37岁那个星期，我意识到我这辈子还从没冒过什么险呢。
所以我决定来个观念的跨越，美洲大陆那么宽——从太平洋去大西洋，不带一分钱。
要是有人给我钱，我会拒绝。
我只接受搭顺风车、提供食物和让我歇脚的帮助。
这将是穿越这片金钱至上的土地上一次无钱的旅行。
我的最终目的地是北卡罗来纳州的“恐惧角”（即开普菲尔），它象征着我沿途必须克服的所有恐惧。
8.1994年9月6日，我早早起床，背起一个50磅重的包，朝金门桥走去。
我从背包里拿出一个牌子，向过路的车辆展示我的目的地：“美利坚”。
全新版大学英语综合教程2课文翻译第一课：认识新朋友大学英语综合教程2是一本重要的英语教材，旨在帮助学生提高英语综合能力。
第一课“认识新朋友”是课本中的第一篇课文。
本文将为您提供这篇课文的翻译。
原文INTRODUCING NEW FRIENDSPictured here are Martha and Joan, two American girls. They are both students at Mount Vernon College, a women’s college near Washington, D.C. Martha is majoring in history and Joan is majoring in English.Martha Miller and Joan Johnson are both eighteen years old. They are roommates in a college dormitory on campus. Martha and Joan met on the first day of classes this semester. They had never seen each other before that day. Now they are good friends.Martha is from a small town in Ohio. Her parents live in a big white house with a beautiful garden. Martha has a brother and two sisters. She has two dogs and three cats. She loves animals very much. Martha also likes to paint and draw. She is a member of the college art club.Joan is from Atlanta, Georgia. Her parents live in an apartment in the city. Joan has three brothers and no sisters. She has no pets. Joan likes to play the piano and the guitar. She is a member of the college choir.Martha and Joan are both very friendly and outgoing. They often go shopping together on weekends. They also enjoy going to the movies and eating out at restaurants. Sometimes they study together in the college library or in their dormitory room.Both Martha and Joan are looking forward to their summer vacation. Martha plans to travel to Europe with her family. Joan plans to go home to Atlanta and spend time with her brothers.Martha and Joan have learned a lot from each other. They have discovered that they have many things in common. They have also learned about each other’s interests and hobbies. They are happy to have each other as friends.翻译认识新朋友这里的照片展示了两位美国女孩，玛莎（Martha）和琼（Joan）。
大学英语综合教程2课文翻译完整版思政智慧版
For thirty years now I have been studying my fellowmen. I do not know very much about them. I shrug my shoulders when people tell me that their first impressions of a person are always right. I think they must have small insight or great vanity. For my own part I find that the longer I know people the more they puzzle me.
三十年来，我一直研究我的人类同胞，但至今了解不多。
每当有人跟我说他对一个人的第一次印象向来不错的时候，我就耸耸肩。
我想这种人不是无知，就是自大。
拿我自己来说，我发现，认识一个人的时间越长，我就越感到困惑。
These reflections have occurred to me because I read in this morning's paper that Edward Hyde Burton had died at Kobe. He was a merchant and he had been in business in Japan for many years. I knew him very little, but he interested me because once he gave me a great surprise. Unless I had heard the story from his own lips, I should never have believed that he was capable of such an action. It was more startling because both in appearance and manner he suggested a very definite type. Here if ever was a man all of a piece. He was a tiny little fellow, not much more than five feet four in height, and very slender, with white hair, a red face much wrinkled, and blue eyes. I suppose he was about sixty when I knew him. He was always neatly and quietly dressed in accordance with his age and station.
我产生这些想法，是因为我在今天早上的报纸上看到爱德华?海德?伯顿在神户去世的消息。
他是个商人，在日本经商多年。
我跟他并不熟，但是对他挺有兴趣，因为有一次他让我大吃一惊。
要不是听他亲口讲述这个故事，我根本不会相信他能做出这种事来。
这件事之所以特别令人惊讶，是因为无论是外表还是风度，他都让人想到一种非常明确的类型。
要说真有表里如一的人的话，那就是此公了。
他个子很小，身高不过5英尺4英寸，身材纤细，白头发、蓝眼睛，红红的脸上布满皱纹。
我估计自己认识他时，他大约有60岁光景。
他向来衣着整洁素雅，合乎他的年龄和身份。
3 Though his offices were in Kobe, Burton often came down to Yokohama. I happened on one occasion to be spending a few days there, waiting for a ship, and I was introduced to him at the British Club. We played bridge together. He played a good game and a generous one. He did not talk very much, either then or later when we were having drinks, but what he said was sensible. He had a quiet, dry humor. He seemed to be popular at the club and afterwards, when he had gone, they described him as one of the best. It happened that we were both staying at the Grand Hotel and next day he asked me to dine with him. I met his wife, fat, elderly, and smiling, and his two daughters. It was evidently a united and affectionate family. I think the chief thing that struck me about Burton was his kindliness. There was something very pleasing in his mild blue eyes. His voice was gentle; you could not imagine that he could possibly raise it in anger; his smile was benign. Here was a man who
attracted you because you felt in him a real love for his fellows. At the same time he liked his game of cards and his cocktail, he could tell with point a good and spicy story, and in his youth he had been something of an athlete. He was a rich man and he had made every penny himself. I suppose one thing that made you like him was that he was so small and frail; he aroused your instincts of protection. You felt that he could not bear to hurt a fly.
伯顿的办事处设在神户，但他常常到横滨来。
有一次，我正好因为等船，要在那里呆几天，在英国俱乐部经人介绍与他相识。
我们在一起玩桥牌。
他打得不错，牌风也好。
无论在玩牌的时候，还是在后来一起喝酒的时候，他的话都不多，但说的话却都合情合理。
他挺幽默，但并不咋呼。
他在俱乐部里似乎人缘不错，后来，在他走了以后，人家都说他是个顶呱呱的人。
事有凑巧，我们俩都住在格兰德大酒店。
第二天他请我吃饭。
我见到了他的`太太――一位肥肥胖胖、满面笑容的半老妇人――和他的两个女儿。
这显然是和睦恩爱的一家人。
我想，伯顿当时给我印象最深的主要还是他这个人和善。
他那双温和的蓝眼睛有种令人愉快的神情。
他说话的声音轻柔;你无法想象他会提高嗓门大发雷霆;他的笑容和蔼可亲。
这个人吸引你，是因为你从他身上感到他对别人的真正的爱。
同时他也喜欢玩牌，喝鸡尾酒，他能绘声绘色地讲个来劲儿的段子什么的，他年轻时多少还是个运动员呢。
他是个阔佬，但他的每一个便士都是自己挣来的。
我想，人们喜欢他还有一个原因，那就是他非常瘦小、脆弱，容易引起人们的恻隐之心。
你觉得他甚至连只蚂蚁都不忍伤害。
