阿卡贝拉的音乐世界教学设计执教教师：王华多思指导教师：曾洁教学年级：七年级教学内容：自组内容教材分析：阿卡贝拉即无伴奏合唱;指仅用人声演唱而不用乐器伴奏的多声部音乐表演方式;具有特色的人声打击和乐器模仿给人带来了震撼和新奇的体验..这种新颖又好玩音乐深受年轻人喜爱;也非常适合中学生学习；并且通过对阿卡贝拉的学习和体验;可以提高学生的整体艺术素质;培养学生对音乐的感知和审美能力..设计意图：通过富有代表性的阿卡贝拉作品让学生了解什么是阿卡贝拉;通过活动环节亲身体验阿卡贝拉的独特魅力..教学目标：1.掌握阿卡贝拉这种音乐形式的定义；2.通过阿卡贝拉作品;了解阿卡乐团组成的配置；3.培养学生对音乐感受力、审美力、表现力和创造力..教学重点、难点：重点：了解阿卡贝拉的定义、特点和组成要素难点：进行简单的阿卡贝拉演唱实践..教学过程：一、导入全班分组体验阿卡贝拉小游戏：①2/4|XX|XX|拍手捻指|拍手捻指②|dodo|doredo③Twinkle;twinkle;littlestar.howIwonderwhatyouare.Upabovetheworldsohigh;likeadiamondinthesky.Twinkle;twinkle;littlestar;howIwonderwhatyouare.问：大家知道我们玩的游戏是一种什么样的音乐形式吗有没有乐器的加入其实我们刚刚玩的是一种纯人声无伴奏的合唱音乐;它还有一个更专业的名字;叫做阿卡贝拉;这节课我们就来一起走进阿卡贝拉的音乐世界..二、阿卡贝拉的定义为什么叫阿卡贝拉这个词语是来自意大利语Acappella的音译..中文意思是“教堂风格的”..这是因为其其起源追溯中世纪的教会音乐;当时教会只以人清唱;17世纪由于西方乐器迅猛发展;阿卡贝拉曾一度经历消退期..直至1909年;耶鲁大学的wiffenpoofs组合成立;为阿卡贝拉的复兴揭开了序幕;重新流行了起来..三、阿卡贝拉的特点1．视频师：在这个视频当中同学们可以发现阿卡贝拉有什么特点生：自由回答特点一：有明确的分工2.视频师：除了人声;你们还听到了哪些模仿的的音色生：自由回答师：其实阿卡贝拉就是发挥人声最大潜力;不仅是模仿刚刚的几种乐器;它还可以模仿很多东西;比如自然界的声音;你们听过吗想听下吗4.视频特点二：声音的丰富多样性师：阿卡贝拉自从搬上了舞台后;为了给观众带来更大的视听盛宴和视觉冲击;阿卡贝拉的团体开始在表演的形式、外观进行大胆的创新..特点三：表演的观赏性5.视频师：最后一个特点考考同学们的观察力;有一样东西一直都存在特点四：对话筒和音响的依赖性四、阿卡贝拉的组成我们欣赏了这么多不同流派风格阿卡贝拉作品;相信大家对阿卡贝拉有了一定的了解..那么请同学们思考一下;我们想组成一个阿卡贝拉;该有哪些部分组成呢主旋律声部、和声声部、低音bass声部、人声打击声部VP五、学习体验带领学生尝试改编;演唱阿卡贝拉版本听妈妈的话VP：|XXX0XX||bukebu0buke|运用道具：杯子主旋律六、拓展欣赏中国阿卡贝拉---当国粹结合阿卡贝拉欣赏具有京剧色彩的阿卡贝拉阿卡贝拉进入到中国的时间相对来说比较短;很多人都还不知道有阿卡贝拉这种演唱方式;常说音乐无国界;在全世界任何的角落都有音乐的声音;音乐也不只是单一的形式..所以老师希望同学们通过这节课对阿卡贝拉的学习;能喜欢上这种纯人声的演唱方式..有兴趣的同学可以自己来尝试组合阿卡贝拉团体..我相信;优秀的你们一定会绽放出不一样的魅力下课教学反思：设计这堂课的初衷是希望学生不单单只是了解学习书本上的知识;更希望他们可以接触到更多不一样的音乐..希望通过这节课将这种新颖的音乐形式传递给中学生..但是对于中学生来说;阿卡贝拉的专业性比传统合唱更强..无伴奏的合唱形式对学生的节奏、音准、乐感以及团员之间的默契配合度要求比较高..这也是今后不断要完善和思考的问题..。
a cappella --清唱，无伴奏的歌唱,阿卡贝拉a capriccio任意速度a capriccio无事先准备的，随意发挥的a nimato活泼的，富有生气的，快的a piacere (意)随意表现a tempo 回原速abbandono无拘无束的，纵情的absolute consonance绝对协和absolute music 纯音乐，非标题音乐absolute pitch 绝对音高（听觉）abstract music 抽象音乐academy of music音乐学院accelerado(accel.)加快的accelerando渐快accelerato渐快accent 重音accentato加重音的，加重的accented auxiliary note强助音accented bar强小节accented passing note强经过音accessory tone辅助音accessory voices伴唱声部acciccatura碎音accidental chord-form偶成和弦accidental 临时记号accidental(s) 变音记号accidentalism 偶然主义accompanied fugue 带伴奏的赋格accompanied canon有伴奏卡农accompanied fugue有伴奏复格accompaniment 伴奏accompanying instrument 伴奏乐器accordion 手风琴aciaccatura -- 短伊音acoustic bass音响低音acoustic声音学的，音响效果的act tune间奏曲action敲击系统active scale-step动音级active tone动音级ad libitum (拉)自由速度adagietto稍慢板adagio assai 很慢的柔板adagio慢板adagissimo极慢板adapt/arrange / 改编added free part附加自由声部added line加线added sixth加六和弦added time合成拍子added-sixth chord 加六度和弦additional accompaniment附加伴奏additional entry附加导入additional voice附加声部aeolian harp风鸣琴aeolian mode-- 传统调式，a调式,伊奥利亚aeolian scale伊奥利亚音阶aerophone气鸣乐器aesthetic accent美化强音aesthetics of music音乐美学affettatamente装模作样的affettato 矫柔造作的affettuoso感情丰富的affrettando快速的after phrase后句agitato激动地agnus dei (拉)羔羊赞agogic弹性处理air with variation歌调变奏曲air歌调al coda-- 结尾，终曲，后奏曲al fine -- 到最后(与da capo 连用)al roverscio imitation逆模仿alberti bass阿贝低音album专集，音乐集all arg逐渐加强，逐渐变慢，声音愈加饱满alla breve --缩减了普通拍子，2/2拍alla francese法兰西风格alla marcia进行曲风格,进行曲速度alla polacca波拉卡风格alla spagnuola西班牙风格alla turca土耳其风格allargando渐慢且渐强all'attava高八度奏alla如同……一样的allegramente欢快的，兴致昂然的allegretto non troppo 不过分的小快板allegretto poco mosso 稍快的小快板allegretto稍快板allegrissimo极快的allegrissimo最急板,最快板allegro快板，急速的，快节奏的alleluia (拉)颂赞曲(哈利路亚)allemende (法)阿勒曼舞曲(德国舞曲) allentamento渐慢allentando渐慢alphabetic notation字母谱alphorn阿尔卑斯号(瑞士木号)altered chord 变和弦altered tone变化音alternation of time拍子交替alternativement乐段交替alternativo乐段交替altieramente极快的alto clef-- c谱号alto clef 中音谱号alto 男高音, 女低音,中音,中音乐器alt最高调，最高调的am steg (德)近琴马奏法amabile和蔼可亲的，可爱的amateur symphony orchestra 业余交响乐团ambiguous chord暧昧和弦ambrosian chant安布罗斯圣歌ambrosian modes安布罗斯调式amen cadence阿门终止amener安奈舞曲amorosamente温柔的，亲爱的amoroso温柔的，亲爱的amplitude振幅anacrusis弱拍analysis of composition乐曲分析ancient tune 古曲ancient suite古组曲andante行板，行板乐曲，缓慢的andantino 小行板andantino小行板anglaise (法)英格兰圣歌anklung摇竹answer by augmentation增值答句answer by diminution减值答句antara安塔拉萧(秘鲁排萧)antecedente phrase前分句anthem 赞美诗anti- impressionism 反印象主义anticipation 先现音anticipation先现音antico古代风格antiphonal singing对唱antiphonal对应antiphonary对应antiphoner对应antithesis and thesis应句与启句anvil 乐砧aperto开朗的appassionato热情奔放的，热心的applied form实用曲式学appoggiando延音,完全圆滑音appoggiatura chord倚音和弦appoggiatura倚音arada (西)阿拉达鼓(海地排鼓) architectural acoustics建筑音响学archlute大鲁特琴arco用弓奏aria 咏叹调arietta小咏唱调arioso似咏唱调arpa (意)竖琴arpeggio 琶音arrangment编曲ars antiqua (拉)古艺术ars nova (拉)新艺术art achievement 艺术成就art song艺术歌art troupe 艺术团articulation咬字吐音artificial harmonics人为泛音artificial mode人为调式artificial note人为音artistic appeal 艺术感染力artistic image 艺术形象ascending 上行asor阿索尔琴(犹太古琴)assai--相当，更加atonal music无调性音乐atonalism无调性主义atonality 无调性attacca subito (意)立即开始attacca紧接下段attack (英,德)立即开始attendant key近调aubade (法)晨间音乐audition试听,听力auftakt (德)起拍augmentation 展开augmentation增值augmented chord增音程和弦augmented sixth chord 增六和弦augmented triad 增三和弦augmented 增（音程）aulos奥鲁管aurresku奥利斯古舞曲(西班牙舞曲) authentic cadence 正格终止authentic half cadence正格半终止authentic mode正调式autographs (musical autographs)音乐手稿auxiliary note助音auxiliary sixth-four chord辅助的六四和弦auxiliary tone助音ave maria (拉)圣母颂ave verum (拉)圣体颂avec la corde relachee松弦奏法ayre 艾尔曲Bbaby grand piano小平台钢琴badinage诙谐风舞曲badinerie (法)诙谐风舞曲bagatelle (法,德)钢琴小曲bagpipes 风笛bagpipe囊管baguette鼓槌balalaika巴拉莱卡琴(俄国三弦)baldo 勇敢的，豪壮的ballade (法,德)叙事曲(歌)ballata 叙事曲ballata舞歌ballerina芭蕾女角ballerino芭蕾男角ballet芭蕾舞曲bamboo pipe竹笛band music 军乐band 乐队bandola班都拉琴(哥伦比亚琴) bandurria (西)班杜瑞亚琴(西班牙琴) banjo 班卓琴,(美国琴)bar line小节线bar 小节（bar line小节线，measure）barcarolle (法)船歌bariton 男中音baritone上低音,男中音,上低音号baroque music巴罗克音乐barre (法)巴莱和弦(吉他琴奏法)barrel organ 手摇风琴bass baritone低男中音bass clarinet 低音单簧管bass clef 低音谱号bass drum 低音鼓,大鼓bass drum大鼓bass horn低音号bass part低音部bass stave低音谱表bass string 低音弦bass tone低音bass trombone低音长号bass trumpet低音小号bass tuba 低音大号bass tuba低音号bass voice低音声部bass 低音号,低音，男低音，贝司bass-course低音弦组basset horn巴塞管bassetto (意)大提琴basso buffo诙谐男低音basso cantante抒情男低音basso continuo持续低音basso profondo庄重男低音bassoon 大管（巴松）,低音管baton 乐队指挥棒battaglia战曲battuta拍子，特指一小节内第一个重拍batucada巴突克舞曲(巴西舞曲) batuque巴突克舞曲(葡萄牙舞曲)beak flute直笛(见recorder)beat拍becqrre (法)本位记号begleitung (德)伴奏beijing/peking opera 京剧bel canto (意)美声唱法bel canto 美声bell chimes编钟bell harp钟形竖琴bell-lyra里拉钟bell钟bemol (法)降半音bemolle (意)降半音ben 特别强调的bequadro (意)本位记号bercause摇篮曲bergamasca柏加摩舞曲(义大利舞曲) bergerette法国牧歌bes重降bbible regal长方形手风琴bibliography of music音乐目录bicinium (拉)二部曲binary form 二段式，二部曲式（ab）bind括线bis (法)再次bis重复一次bitonality 双重调性bitonality复调性bizzaro奇怪的，怪异的blind octave眩目八度blocks双头木鱼blues 布鲁斯blues--忧郁布鲁斯歌曲(蓝调音乐)boehm flute贝姆长笛boehm system贝姆式键制bolero (西)波蕾洛舞曲bologna school波隆那乐派bombardon本巴敦低音号bongo 邦戈鼓bongoes连体鼓bongo班戈鼓borrrowed chord借用和弦bouche fermee闭口唱法bourree 布列bourree布瑞舞曲boutade布他德舞曲(法国舞曲)bow hair弓毛bow instrument弓弦乐器bow 提琴的琴弓bowed harp弓竖琴bowed instruments 弓弦乐器bowing 运弓boy soprano男童高音boy-choir儿童歌队brace大括弧braille music notation布雷尔记谱法(盲人记谱法) branle勃浪舞曲(法国舞曲)brass band管乐队brass instruments 铜管乐器brass instrument铜管乐器brass wind instruments 铜管乐器bratsche中提琴(德)break 变声breath-mark呼吸记号breve rest 二全休止符breve 二全音符breve倍全音符,短音符bridge passage过渡乐段bridge 琴马,弦马brillante 辉煌的，华丽的brindisi (意)饮酒歌brioso充满活力地broken chord 分解和弦buffo 可笑的，喜剧的，滑稽地buffone (意)丑角bugle军号burgundian school布根第乐派burla (意)滑稽曲burlesco (意)滑稽曲burlesque (法)滑稽剧burletta (意)滑稽剧byzantine chant拜占庭圣歌byzuntine music拜占庭圣歌cCc clef, tenor clef, alto clef 中音谱号cabaletta跑马歌caccia狩猎歌cachucha卡去恰舞曲(西班牙舞曲) cadanza 华彩乐段cadence modulation终止转调cadence 终止cadential six-four终止六四和弦cadenza (意)终止式,装饰乐段caisse (法)鼓calando (意)渐慢而弱calata卡拉他舞曲(义大利舞曲) calenda卡伦达舞曲(西班牙舞曲) calmato 恬静的caminando 流畅的，进行的campana (意)钟,铃(复述) campane (意)钟,铃(复述) campanella小钟,小铃canarie (法)卡纳利舞曲(法国舞曲) canary卡纳利舞曲(法国舞曲) can-can康康舞曲(法国舞曲) cancel本位记号cancrizans imitation逆模仿canle jondo (西)深沈歌canon by augmentation增值卡农canon by diminution减值卡农canon concrizans逆卡农canonic imitation卡农式模仿canonic stretto卡农式进入canonic variation卡农式变奏canon卡农cantabile 似歌的cantando 如歌的cantata 大合唱cantata 康塔塔cantata清唱剧cantatilla (西)小清唱剧cantatore (意)男歌手cantatrice (意)女歌手cante flamenco弗拉门哥歌曲cante hondo (西)深沈歌cantellerando柔声唱canticle 颂歌cantilena (意)柔声曲调cantillation朗诵式圣歌canto (意)歌调canto fermo (意)定旋律cantor领唱人,教会乐长cantus (拉)歌cantus firmus (拉)固定旋律cantus planus (拉)素歌canzona歌曲canzonet (意)短歌,小曲canzonet,canso, canzo古情歌canzonetta (意)短歌,小曲capodastro弦枕capotasto弦枕capricciesamente 自由的，随想的capriccio (意)随想曲capriccioso 自由的，随想的caprice (法,英)随想曲carillon (法)排钟carol季节圣歌cassation轻组曲castanets 响板castanets响板(梨形)castrato 阉人歌手，男唱女声catch幽默轮唱曲cathedral music天主教音乐cavatina短曲celesta 钢片琴cellist 大提琴演奏家cello concerto 大提琴协奏曲cello 大提琴cembalo (意)大键琴chaconne 恰空chaconne夏康舞曲chalumeau古单簧管,单簧管低音区chamber music 室内乐chamber opera室内歌剧chamber orchestra室内乐团changing note换音changing tone换音chanson de geste英雄史诗歌chanson de toile纺织歌chanson（法）歌曲chant national (法)民歌chant pastoral (法)牧歌chant圣歌characteristic piece散曲character音乐记号charrd of the augmented fifth增五和弦chasse (法)狩猎歌chest-register胸声区chest-resonant胸腔共鸣chest-tone胸音chest-voice胸声chevalet (法)琴马cheve system谢威谱式cheville (法)琴轸琴栓cheviller (法)琴斗,栓斗chime bells 编钟chimes 排钟chinese lute琵琶chitarra (意)吉他琴choir pitch歌队音高choir 合唱团，圣歌队choir, choral society 合奏,合唱choral fugue 合唱式的赋格choral (德,英)圣咏,合唱choral cantata圣咏清唱剧choral music 合唱音乐choral prelude圣咏前奏曲choral variations圣咏变奏曲choral 众赞歌chorale 众赞歌chorale fantasia圣咏幻想曲chorale fugue圣咏复格曲chord construction和弦构成chord of six-four六四和弦chord of six六和弦chord of the added sixth加六和弦chord of the augmented fifth增五和弦chord of the augmented sixth and fifth增六五和弦chord of the augmented sixth and second增二和弦chord of the augmented sixth增六和弦chord of the diminished seventh减七和弦chord of the eleventh十一和弦chord of the four-three四三和弦chord of the ninth九和弦chord of the second二和弦chord of the seventh七和弦chord of the six-five六五和弦chord of the sixth fifth and third六五和弦,六五三和弦chord of the sixth fourth and second二和弦,六四二和弦chord of the sixth fourth and third四三和弦,六四三和弦chord of the sugmented sixth fourth and third增四三和弦chord of the thirteenth十三和弦chord 和弦,谐音chord-form和弦形式chord-inversion转位和弦chordophone弦鸣乐器chord-progression和弦进行chord-repetition同和弦反复chorus conducting 合唱指挥chorus 副歌，合唱，和声christmas carol 圣诞歌chromatic alteration半音变化chromatic and whole tone. chromatic auxiliary note变化助音chromatic chord变化和弦chromatic concord变化协和和弦chromatic discord变化不协和和弦chromatic half-tone 变化半音chromatic harp半音竖琴chromatic interval 变化（音程）chromatic minor scale变化小音阶chromatic modulation半音阶转调chromatic passing-note半音经过音chromatic progression半音进行chromatic scale 半音阶chromatic semitone变化半音chromatic seventh变化七和弦chromatic sign变化记号chromatic tone 变化全音chromatic triad变化三和弦chromatic 半音的church cantata教会清唱剧church choir 教堂唱诗班church mode教会调式church music 教堂音乐cimbalom扬琴(匈牙利乐器) cimbasso (意)细管低音号circle canon回圈卡农circle of fifths五度圈circle of keys调子圈circular canon回圈卡农cither西特琴cittern西特琴clapper拍板,铃舌clarinet 单簧管（黑管）clarino (意)高音小号(古名) classical form古典形式classicism 古典主义classics 古典音乐clavecin (法)大键琴claves 音棒clavicembale (意)大键琴clavichord古钢琴clavier （18世纪）键盘乐器clef 谱号(g clef, f clef, c clef) climax 高潮close chord密集和弦close fugue紧复格close harmony密集和声close imitation紧模仿close position密集位置closed pipe闭管close终止closing resolution终止解决cluster音堆coda 尾声codetta 小尾声col arco用弓奏col canto 紧随的旋律col legno用弓背奏coll ottava连八度奏color 音色coloratura 花腔coloratura soprano 花腔女高音coloratura华彩com modo 舒适的，自在的combined counterpoint混合对位法come sopra 如同那边的一样come 好象，如同comic opera 喜歌剧cominciata 开头，曲首comma音差common chord普通和弦common meansure四四拍子common meter 普通拍子（4/4）common pitch共同音高common time四四拍子communio领主曲comodo自在地comparative musicology比较音乐学comparison 对比compass of voice声部音域complementary interval转位音程complement转位音程complete bar完全小节complete cadence完全终止complete modulation完全转调complex figuration复杂音型法complex rhythm复节奏complex tone 复音（composite tone）composer作曲家composition 作曲、作品compound binary form 复二部曲式compound authentic cadence复式正格终止compound auxiliary tone (note)复助音compound binary form复二段式compound changing tone (note)复换音compound duple meter（s）复二拍子（6/2，6/4，6/8）compound duple time复二拍子compound figuration复合音型法compound interval 复音程compound measure复拍子compound meter（s）复拍子compound modulation复转调compound quadruple meter（s）复四拍子（12/4，12/8，12/16）compound quadruple time复四拍子compound rhythm复节奏compound suspensions复挂留音compound time复拍子compound tone完全音compound triple meter（s）复三拍子（9/4，9/8）compound triple time复三拍子comtrast constraction对比构造con abbandono 纵情奔放地con affetto 感情丰富地，多情地con ammabilita 和蔼地，亲切地con amore 温柔地，亲爱地con brio 生气勃勃地，有活力地con delicatezza 精细地，娇柔地con entusiasmo 热情地con espressione 富有表现力地con forza 有力地con fuoco 狂热地，热情地con grazio 典雅地，优美地con malinconia 忧郁消沉地con moto 稍快的con slancio 强有力地，猛烈地con sordini用弱音器con spirito 富有生气地con strepito 吵闹地，嘈杂地，震耳欲聋地con trasporto 得意忘形地con vigore 富有精力地，强健地con 同，带着concert aria音乐会咏唱调concert grand (piano)大平台钢琴concert hall演奏听concert manager音乐会经理concert master乐团首席concert music音乐会音乐concert overture音乐会序曲concert performer演奏家concert piece音乐会散曲concert pitch音乐会音高concert program曲目concert room演奏室concert singer歌唱家concert 音乐会concertina六角手风琴(小型手风琴) concertino小协奏曲,大协奏曲中独奏群concertist演奏家concerto grosso 大协奏曲concerto 协奏曲concise binary form简明二段式concord harmonies协和和弦和声concord协和和弦concrete music 具体音乐conducting department 指挥系conducting work 指挥作品conducting指挥法conductor 乐队指挥condustus康都曲式,康都曲风conjunct degree连续级conjunct motion级进conjunct tetrachord连续四阶consecutive dominant chords连续属和弦consecutive fifths连续五度consecutive fourths连续四度consecutive octaves连续八度consecutive seconds连续二度consecutive sevenths连续七度consecutive unisons连续一度consecutives连续(即平行) consequent phrase后分句conservatory音乐院consonance协和consonant chord协和和弦consonant interval协和音程consonant 协和（音程、和弦）consort 康索特conter-subject对句continuity连续性continuo 通奏低音continuo数位低音contra c 大字二组ccontrabass sarrusophone倍低音萨鲁管contrabass saxophone倍低音萨克管contrabass trombone倍低音长号contrabass tuba倍低音号contrabass, double bass 低音提琴contrabassoon 低音大管contrabass低音提琴contraction of sentence乐句缩短contrafactum换词歌曲contrafagotto倍低音管contralto 女低音，女低音手，中音contrapuntal 对位的contrapuntist对位法家contrary motion反行contrasted motive对比动机contre basson (法)倍低音管contredanse对舞舞曲convenient notation方便记谱法cor (法)号角cor anglais (法)英国管cor-a-piston活塞号角corda (意)弦corde (法)弦cornet a-piston (法)短号cornet 短号，军号cornett 木管号cornetto (意)短号corno (意)号角corno di bassetto (意)巴塞号角corno ventile活塞号角corno-basso (意)低音号角corno-inglese (意)英国管corona (意)停留记号cosaque (法)哥萨克舞曲cossak (英)哥萨克舞曲countemporary music当代音乐counter-exposition 对呈示部counterpoint 多声部音乐，对位法countersubject 对题countertenor 高男高音，高次中音counting time数拍country dance乡村舞曲count拍couplet二连音,二连音符courante 库朗特舞曲covered fifth隐伏五度covered octave隐伏八度covered unison隐伏一度cow-bell牛铃cow-horn牛号角crab motion蟹行credo信经crescendo渐强croche (法)八分音符croma (意)八分音符crook变音管croon轻唱(低声唱)cross accent交叉强音cross relation交叉关系cross rhythm交叉节奏cross-fingering交叉指法crossing of parts声部交叉crotchet rest 四分休止符crotchet 四分音符（quarter note，美）crowd克鲁特琴cuando库安多舞曲(拉丁美洲舞曲)cyclic form连章形式cymbal 铜钹，土耳其镲dd.c.=da capo (意)反始记号da capo 返始咏叹调，反始记号damper制音器dance form舞曲形式dance music舞乐dance 舞曲dance-poem舞诗dark tone暗音dash垂点dead interval死音程debut (法)初次登台deceptive cadence 伪终止deceptive resolution假解决decimole十连音,十连音符deciso坚定地decrescendo (意)渐弱decuplet十连音,十连音符deejay（dj）播放音乐的人degree of scale音级degree of stave谱级delicatamente 精细的，娇柔的delicatezza 细致的delicato 精细的，娇柔的demancher (法)移位(弦乐器)deminquaver rest十六分休止符demiquaver十六分音符demisemiquaver rest三十二分休止符demisemiquaver 三十二分音符（thirty-second note，美）department of composition 作曲系dependent chord非独立和弦derivative chord衍生和弦derivative tone支音des (德)降ddescending 下行descriptive music描写音乐deses (德)重降ddetach长断音detonieren走音(德)development 展开部di soppiano 用低音的，温柔的di sopra 如上边di 地，用，自，的dialogue问答歌diapason, range 音域diatonic and ear training听写与练耳diatonic auxiliary note自然助音diatonic concord自然协和和弦diatonic discord自然不协和和弦diatonic harmony自然音阶和声diatonic interval 自然（音程）diatonic interval自然音程diatonic minor scale自然小音阶diatonic modulation自然音阶转调diatonic passing-note自然经过音diatonic scale 自然音阶diatonic semitone自然半音diatonic seventh自然音阶七和弦diatonic triad自然音阶三和弦diction读音diminished chord of the seventh减七和弦diminished fifth减五度diminished fourth减四度diminished interval减音程diminished octave减八度diminished seventh chord 减七和弦diminished seventh减七度diminished sixth减六度diminished third减三度diminished triad 减三和弦diminished 减（音程）diminished（dim）减弱，减（音程）diminuendo渐弱direct canon顺卡农direct extraneous modulation直接远系转调direct 指挥dirigent (德)指挥家dis (德)升ddiscant clef高音谱号discantus反行复音disco 迪斯科discord harmony不协和和弦和声discord不协和和弦disguised motive伪装动机disis重升ddisjunct motion跳进disjunct tetrachord不连续四阶disperato 失望的，绝望的displaced accent不规则强音dissonance不协和音dissonant chord不协和和弦dissonant interval不协和音程dissonant triad不协和三和弦dissonant 不协和（音程、和弦）distant key 远关系调distinto 清晰的dithyramb酒神之歌ditonus大三度divertimento (意)嬉游曲divertissement (法)复格式插句,混成曲,幕间插曲divided stop分离音栓division音型divisi细分divoto 诚恳的，忠诚的documentary film music 纪录片音乐dodecaphonic十二音技巧dodecimole十二连音,十二连音符dodecuple scale十二音音阶dodecuplet十二连音,十二连音符dolce ondeggiando 温柔的颤动dolce 温柔的，甜美的dolcissimo 非常温柔的，甜美的dolente 悲痛的，哀伤的doloroso 悲痛的dominant chord of the seventh属七和弦dominant eleventh属十一和弦dominant ninth属九和弦dominant pedal属持续音dominant seventh chord 属七和弦dominant seventh属七和弦dominant thirteenth属十三和弦dominant triad属三和弦dominant（v）属音，属和弦dominant/complementary key 属调dominant属音domp忧郁曲doppio lunghezza di tempo 慢一倍doppio movimento 快一倍doppio 成倍，双重dorian mode多裏亚调式dorian scale多裏亚音阶dorian sixth多裏亚六度dorian多裏亚调式dot of prolongation附点dot 附点dots反复点,复附点dotted crotchet rest附点四分休止符dotted crotchet附点四分音符dotted demisemiquver rest附点三十二分休止符dotted demisemiquver附点三十二分音符dotted eighth note附点八分音符dotted half note附点二分音符dotted minim rest附点二分休止符dotted minim附点二分音符dotted note 附点音符dotted quarter note附点四分音符dotted quaver rest附点八分休止符dotted quaver附点八分休止符dotted rest 附点休止符dotted semibreve rest附点全休止符dotted semibreve附点全音符dotted semiquaver rest附点十六分休止符dotted semiquaver附点十六分音符dotted sixteenth note附点十六分音符dotted thirty second note附点三十二分音符dotted whole note附点全休止符double (法)古变奏曲double action pedal两节作用踏瓣double augmented six-four-three chord倍增六四三和弦double bar line 双小节线double bar复纵线double bass tuba 倍低音大号double bass 低音提琴double bassoon, contrabassoon 倍低音管double bassoon倍低音管double bass低音提琴double cadence回音终止double canon二主题卡农double chorus八部合唱,双合唱团double concerto双协奏曲double corde双音double counterpoint in the eleventh十一度二部复对位double counterpoint in the fifteenth十五度二部复对位double counterpoint in the fourteenth十四度二部复对位double counterpoint in the ninth九度二部复对位double counterpoint in the octave八度二部复对位double counterpoint in the tenth十度二部复对位double counterpoint in the thirteenth十三度二部复对位double counterpoint in the twelfth十二度二部复对位double counterpoint二重对位，二部复对位法double croche (法)十六分音符double diminution再减值double dot 复附点double dotted crotchet rest复附点四分休止符double dotted crotchet复附点四分音符double dotted demiquaver rest复附点十六分休止符double dotted demiquaver复附点十六分音符double dotted demisemiquaver rest复附点三十二分休止符double dotted demisemiquaver复附点三十二分音符double dotted eighth note复附点八分音符double dotted half note复附点二分音符double dotted minim rest复附点二分休止符double dotted minim复附点二分音符double dotted note复附点音符double dotted quarter note复附点四分音符double dotted quaver rest复附点八分休止符double dotted quaver复附点八分音符double dotted rest复附点休止符double dotted semibreve rest复附点全休止符double dotted semibreve复附点全音符double dotted semiquaver rest复附点十六分休止符double dotted semiquaver复附点十六分音符double dotted sixteenth note复附点十六分音符double dotted thirty second note复附点三十二分音符double dotted whole note复附点全音符double exposition复呈示部double figuration二重音型法double fugue 二重赋格double imitation二主题模仿double mordent 复波音double note倍全音符double octave (octaves)重八度double passing tone二重经过音double pedal notes双持续音double period复乐段double reed instrument双簧乐器double reed双簧double root chord双根音和弦double root双根音double shake双震音double stave大谱表double stopping双音double string双弦double structure复结构曲double suspension复挂留音double tongueing双吐吹法double touch双触键double trill双震音double variation复双奏曲double whole-note倍全音符double-augmented 倍增（音程）double-diminished 倍减（音程）double-flat 重降号double-sharp 重升号doublet二连音,二连音符doubling of notes重复音doubling of tones重复音doubling重复音down best下拍down bow下弓down stroke下弓drama 戏剧dramatic music 戏剧音乐dramatic soprano戏剧女高音dramatic tenor 戏剧男高音drammatico 戏剧性的dropping of interval省略drum, kettledrum 鼓drumstick 鼓槌dualism二元论dualistic theory二元论duet 二重奏,二重奏曲,二重唱,二重唱曲dulcimer 扬琴dull tone混浊音dump忧郁曲duo (意)二重奏,二重奏曲,二重唱,二重唱曲duo imitation二重模仿duodecuple scale十二音音阶duole (德)二连音,二连音符duos for strings弦乐二重奏duple meter（s）二拍子（2/2，2/4，2/8）duple rhythm二拍子节奏duple time二拍子duplet 二连音duplex instruments双乐器duplicating重复法duplum古对位声部dur (德)大调duration 时值dynamic mark(s) 力度标记dynamics 力度ee in altissimo最高ee in alt高eear-training练耳ecclesiastical dance宗教舞曲ecclesiastical mode教会调式echappee tone (note)逃脱音echegiatta回声曲echelette木琴echo organ回声风琴ecole d'arcueil阿古依乐派ecossaise (法)埃柯赛斯舞曲ecphonetic notation古代语音记谱法ed 与，而eglogue牧歌egualmente 同样地，平稳地，均匀地eight keyed flute八键笛eight notes to one八对一对位eight-bar sentence八小节乐句eighth note八度音,八分音符eighth rest八分休止符eighth八度eight-part counterpoint八部对位eight-part harmony八不和声eis (德)升eeisis (德)重升eelectric guitar 电吉他electronic instrumnet电子乐器electronic music电子音乐electrophone电鸣乐器elegante 幽雅的，高尚的elegie (法)悲歌elegy悲歌eleventh 十一度elight-bar rhythm八小节乐句embellished melody华彩曲调embouchure吹口,运舌法emphasis加强en 在……，……地，按照……风格encore (法)再来一次energico精力充沛地english discant英国复音乐曲english fingcring英国指法english flute英国笛english horn, tenor oboe, coranglais 英国管enharmonic change等音变换enharmonic chord等音和弦enharmonic chromatic scale等音半音阶enharmonic intervals 等音程enharmonic key等音调enharmonic modulation等音转调enharmonic notes 等音enharmonic scale等音音阶enharmonic trans-formation等音改记法enharmonic四分音,等音enigma canon谜语卡农enigma variations谜语变奏曲ensemble (法)重奏,合奏entr'acte (法)休息,间奏曲entry进来entusiastico 热情的，热烈的episode 插段、插部episode插句,插入段episodical movement有插入段之乐章equal counterpoint等值对位equal temperament平均律equal tempered scale平均律音阶equal voices同声equivocal chord调性和弦erection of chord和弦音配殖法eroico 英勇的，庄严的escape note逃脱音espresive (意)表情espressione (意)表情essential discord主要不协和和弦estampida (法)器乐小曲estampie (法)器乐小曲estinto (意)刚可听见et 与，而ethnomusicology民族音乐学etude (法)练习曲etude 练习曲euphonium 尤风宁号euphonium粗管上低音号even note (tone)同值音evensong晚祷歌exceptional resolution特殊解决法exercise技巧练习,键盘组曲explosive consonant爆气子音exposition 呈示部expression mark表情记号expressionism 表现主义expression表情extemporization即兴演奏extended binary form扩大二段式extended chord开离和弦extended harmony开离和串extended position开离位置extended sentence扩大句extraneous modulation远系转调extreme interval绝对变化音程extreme key极端调extreme part外声部eye music视觉音乐ff clef, bass clef 低音谱号faburden假低音factious note超低音fagott (德)低音管fagottino (意) (tenor oboe)小低音管fagotto (意)低音管fagotttone倍低音管false chord 假和弦false diminished seventh假减七和弦false dominant seventh假属七和弦false notation假记谱法false relation假关系false tetrad假四音和弦false triad假三和弦falsetto 假声familiar style惯用式fandango方当戈舞曲(西班牙舞曲) fantaisie (法)幻想曲fantasia (意)幻想曲fantasie (德)幻想曲fantastico幻想地fantasy (英)幻想曲farandole法朗多舞曲farruca法如卡舞曲fastoso 华丽的，浮夸的fauxbourdon (法)假低音feature film music 故事片音乐female duet女声二重唱female quartet女声四重唱female trio女声三重唱feminine cadence弱终止式feminine ending弱终止fermata停留记号feroco 粗野的，狂暴的fes (德)降ffestival march节日进行曲festivo 有朝气地ff 很强fiddle提琴fiero 勇猛的，骄傲的fife鼓笛fifteenth十五度fifth degree第五级fifth position五音位置fifth scale-step第五级fifth species第五类(对位)fifth 五度figured bass数位低音figure音型figuring注数位法film musik电影音乐finale (意)最终乐章finale 终曲final最终乐章fine (意)终结finger board指板finger exercise指法练习fingering指法finite canon有终卡农fioritura (意)装饰音fipple flute哨笛firm chord坚定和弦first inversion 第一转位first movement第一乐章first octave第一个八度first scale-step第一级first section首段first species第一类(对位)first string 第一弦first subject第一主题first time第一次fis (德)升ffisis (德)重升ffive speicies五类型five-bar rhythm五小节乐句five-bar sentence五小节乐句five-part counterpoint五部对位five-part form 五段式five-part harmony五部和声five-stringed double bass五弦低音提琴five-three chord五三和弦five-tone scale五声音阶fixed do固定唱名法fixed pitch固定音高fixed sylables固定唱名法fixed-do 固定唱名法flageolet toneflageolet哨笛,泛音flamenco (song) 弗莱明哥民歌flamenco佛拉门哥舞曲flat keys降号调flat 降号flatterzunge颤舌吹法flautino (意)小笛flautist长笛家flauto (意)长笛flauto coutralto低音长笛flauto piccolo短笛flauto traverso长笛flebile 悲哀的，沉痛的flemish school法兰德斯乐派florid counterpoint华彩对位fluegel-horn粗管短号flute 横笛，长笛，笛子flute-a-bec (法)哨笛flutist长笛家flutter-tonguing颤舌吹法folk artist 民间艺术家folk music material 民间音乐素材folk musician 民间音乐家folk music民间音乐folk song民歌fore phrase前分句foreign progression异音进行forlana佛拉纳舞曲(义大利舞曲)form 曲式forte pedal强音踏瓣forte piano钢琴,强后即弱forte强fortissimo最强forza 力量forzando突强forzato突强four note to one四对一(对位)four part counterpoint四部对位four part fugue四部复格four part harmony四部和声four part writing四部作法four stringe double bass四弦低音提琴four-bar phrase四小节分句four-bar sentence四小节分句four-line octave 小字四组（four-line）four-movement form四乐章曲式four-part form 四段式fourteenth十四度fourth chord 四度和弦fourth degree第四级fourth octave第四个八度fourth scale-step第四级fourth species第四类(对位)fourth to five suspension四五挂留音fourth to three suspension四三挂留音fourth 四度fox trot 狐步舞fp强后即弱free canon自由卡农free close自由终止(可不转位)free counterpoint自由对位法free double counterpoint自由二部复对位free fantasia自由幻想曲free imitation自由模仿free intonation无固定音高free part自由声部free pitch无固定音高freemason music共济会音乐french horn 圆号，法国号french overture法国式序曲french sixth法国六和弦frequency 频率fresco 朝气蓬勃的，清新的fret 品fret 琴柱，挡子frottola福罗投拉歌曲fugal 赋格的fugato复格风乐曲fughetta小复格曲fugue 赋格曲fuguing tune复格歌调full anthem完全颂歌full cadence完全终止full chord完全和弦full organ完全风琴full score大总谱functional harmony 功能和声fundamental bass基础低音fundamental chord基础和弦fundamental discord基础不协和和弦fundamental instrament低音乐器fundamental note基音fundamental position原位fundamental tone基音fundamental triad基本三和弦fundamentum基础教本funebre 悲哀的，凄惨的，葬礼的funeral march葬礼进行曲furiant火烈舞曲(波希米亚舞曲) furioso 狂暴地furlana佛拉纳舞曲(义大利舞曲) furniture stop混合音栓futurism未来主义fz突强f谱号,f cleff强g g clef, treble clef 高音谱号g in altissimo最高gg in alt高gg 弦奏,sul ggaio 快乐的，愉悦的gallant style嘉兰特风格gallant嘉兰特风格gallarda (西)嘉拉德舞曲galliard (英)嘉拉德舞曲gallican chant加裏康圣歌galop加罗普舞曲gamelan加麦朗(印尼乐队) gamma (希)音阶gamme (法)音阶gapped scale间隔音阶gavotte嘉禾舞曲gebrauchsmusik实用音乐generator大基音generoso 慷慨的，高尚的genus molle (拉)柔调german sixth德国六和弦ges (德)降ggeses (德)重降gghost note--闷音giandioso华丽地、壮丽地gigue 吉格gigue吉格舞曲giocoso 愉快的，游戏的，幽默的gis (德)升ggisis (德)重升ggiusto 合适的，恰当的glass harmonica玻璃琴gleemen行吟乐人glee英国式合唱曲glissando 滑奏，钢琴上的刮奏glockenspiel 钟琴，铁琴gloria光荣颂gondola song船歌gondoliera (意)船歌gong 锣gopak高帕克舞曲gospel song福音歌gothic music哥特式音乐govotte 加沃特grace note装饰音gradual modulation渐进转调gradual升阶经grammatical accent正规强弱gran cassa (意)大鼓。
