(完整版)英语语言学试题B卷及答案(重庆三峡学院)

三峡名校联盟2023年春季联考高2025届英语试题（答案在最后）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题：每小题15分，满分75分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What does the man want to do?A. Repair the roof.B. Collect the leavesC. Clean the roof.2. Why didn’t the woman go to the party?A. She attended a class.B. She wasn’t invited.C. She needed a good sleep3. What is the man doing?A. Eating salad.B. Cooking beef.C. Washing hands.4. What does the woman think of the novel?A. Interesting.B. Just so-soC. Boring.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. An explorer.B. The South PoleC. An adventure.第二节（共15小题：每小题15分，共22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

6.Where are the speakers?A. In an office.B. In a hotel.C. In a post office.7. What will the woman do next?A. Meet her secretary.B. Collect a mailC. Address an envelope听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

重庆三峡学院大学英语预备级2考试试卷及参考答案3一、单项选择题（5’）1. While I was skiing, I ___ and broke my wrist.A、fellB、feltC、feelD、fallen答案：A2. ___ in the newspaper that the Japanese Minister will arrive here next Monday.A、He is saidB、It has saidC、It is saidD、Has been sold答案：C3. All these dictionaries are a great help to you, _____?A、aren’t theyB、are theyC、are all these dictionariesD、aren’t all these dictionaries答案：A4. I don’t think he will arrive here in time, _____?A、do IB、will heC、don’tD、won’t he答案：B5. You must have been ill yesterday, _____?A、weren’t youB、mustn’t youC、needn’t youD、didn’t you答案：A6. My teacher was made ___his teaching because of poor health.A、giving upB、to give upC、given upD、give up答案：B7. She ___ eat so many sweet things.A、used to notB、never usedC、didn’t use toD、didn’t use答案：C8.In this park，sparrows often fly down from trees to eat from visitors’hands. they are used to ___ in this way.A、be fedB、feedC、having fedD、being fed答案：D9. His doctor suggested that he ___ his right hand.A、avoid to useB、avoid usingC、has avoided usingD、avoids to use答案：B10. Hello ，may I speak to dr. bush? ___.A、Yes, I’m BushB、Yes, it’s meC、Here is BushD、Speaking答案：D11. ___ do you record the temperature in the lab? Every two hours.A、How soonB、How longC、How oftenD、How much答案：C12. Let’s visit the bookstore on our way back home, ___?A、shan’t weB、won’tC、shall weD、will you答案：C13.___ an exciting city Shanghai is!A、SoB、VeryC、HowD、What答案：D14.You don’t have to pay for your flights, we can pay it ___ you.A、ofB、offC、toD、for答案：D15.People who won’t work should be made ___.A、to workB、workC、has been doneD、to be working答案：A16. He thought nobody was around ，but he was in fact seen ___into the office building.A、to stealB、stealC、stileD、stolen答案：A17. My sister is used to ___ with all the window’s open.A、sleepB、sleepingC、have sleptD、the sleeping答案：B18. It’s no use ___ your chickens before they are hatched.A、countB、to countC、countingD、of counting答案：C阅读理解Regret is as common an emotion as love or fear, and it can be nearly as powerful. So, in a new paper, two researchers set about trying to find out what the typical American regrets most. In telephone surveys, Neal Roese, a psychologist and professor of marketing at the School of management at Northwestern University, and Mike Morrison, a doctoral candidate in psychology at University of Illinois, asked 370 Americans, aged 19 to 103, to talk about their most notable regret. Participants were asked what the regret was, when it happened, whether it was a result of something they did or didn't do, and whether it was something that could still be fixed.The most commonly mentioned regrets involved romance (18%)—lost loves or unfulfilled relationships. Family regrets came in second (16%), with people still feeling badly about being unkind to their brothers or sisters in childhood. Other frequently reported regrets involved career (13%), education (12%), money (10%) and parenting (9%).Roese and Morrison's study, which is to be published in Social Psychological and Personality Science, is significant in that it surveyed a wide range of the American public, including people of all ages and socio-economic and educational backgrounds. Previous studies on regret have focused largely on college students, who predictably tend to have education-focused regrets, like wishing they had studied harder or a different major. The new survey shows that in the larger population, a person's life circumstances accomplishments, shortcomings, situation in life inject considerable fuel into the fires of regret.People with less education, for instance, were more likely to report education regrets. People with higher levels of education had the most career regrets. And those with no romantic partner tended to hold regrets regarding love.Broken down by sex, more women (44%) than men (19%) had regrets about love and family not surprising, since women "value social relationships more than men," the authors write. In contrast, men (34%) were more likely than women (27%) to mention work-related regrets, wishing they'd chosen a different career path, for instance, or followed their passion. Many participants also reported wishing they had worked less to spend more time with their children.There was an even split between regrets about inaction (not doing something) and action (doing something you wish you didn't). But, likeprevious studies, the current research found that some regrets are more likely than others to persist over time: people tend to hang on longer to the regret of inaction; meanwhile, regrets of action tend to be more recent.1. In the second paragraph, the author shows_______.A、the importance of familyB、the researchers' findingsC、the importance of moneyD、the importance of career答案：B2. According to the passage, college student participants mainly had regrets about their_______.A、family and childhoodB、study and majorC、career and jobD、romance and fear答案：B3. The word "notable" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to _______.A、commonB、capableC、wonderfulD、remark答案：C4. Which of the following statements is TRUE? _______A、The less education he or she has, the more regrets she or he would have.B、The more education he or she has, the less regrets she or he would have.C、More women than men had regrets about love and family.D、The regret of action seems to last longer than that of inaction.答案：C5. What is the main idea of this passage? _______A、How regret is understood by a typical American.B、Why regret is more important than love and hate.C、Common regrets Americans have.D、How regret has shaped Americans.答案：C汉译英很难想象我们的先辈在没有现代技术带来的诸多方便的条件下，是如何生活的。

重庆英语ab级考试试卷和答案**重庆英语AB级考试试卷和答案**一、听力理解（共15分）1. A) The man is a teacher.B) The man is a student.C) The man is a doctor.D) The man is a lawyer.答案：B2. A) The woman is happy about the news.B) The woman is angry about the news.C) The woman is surprised about the news.D) The woman is indifferent about the news.答案：C3. A) The weather is sunny.B) The weather is rainy.C) The weather is cloudy.D) The weather is windy.答案：A4. A) The man is going to the cinema.B) The man is going to the library.C) The man is going to the park.D) The man is going to the museum.答案：D5. A) The woman is a secretary.B) The woman is a nurse.C) The woman is a receptionist.D) The woman is a salesperson.答案：A二、阅读理解（共30分）Passage 1:6. According to the passage, what is the main cause of the problem?A) OverpopulationB) Climate changeC) DeforestationD) Industrial pollution答案：C7. What is the author's suggestion to solve the problem?A) Plant more trees.B) Reduce industrial activities.C) Control population growth.D) Implement stricter pollution controls.答案：APassage 2:8. What does the study find about people's behavior?A) People are more likely to help others when they are in a hurry.B) People are less likely to help others when they are in a hurry.C) People's willingness to help others is not affected by their hurry.D) People are more likely to help others when they are not in a hurry.答案：B9. Which group of people was most likely to help in the study?A) Those who were in a hurry.B) Those who were not in a hurry.C) Those who were carrying heavy bags.D) Those who were not carrying heavy bags.答案：BPassage 3:10. What is the main purpose of the article?A) To promote a new diet plan.B) To discuss the benefits of a vegetarian lifestyle.C) To argue against the consumption of meat.D) To compare different types of diets.答案：B11. What is one of the benefits of a vegetarian diet mentioned in the article?A) It can help reduce the risk of heart disease.B) It can increase the risk of anemia.C) It can lead to weight gain.D) It can cause a deficiency in vitamins.答案：A三、词汇与结构（共20分）12. The company is looking for someone ________ good communication skills.A) withB) inC) atD) by答案：A13. She ________ the book for two weeks.A) has boughtB) has hadC) has borrowedD) has kept答案：B14. If you ________ earlier, you wouldn't have missed the train.A) get upB) got upC) have got upD) will get up答案：B15. The teacher asked the students ________ during the exam.A) not to cheatB) to not cheatC) don't cheatD) not cheat答案：A四、完形填空（共15分）16. A) althoughB) becauseC) butD) so答案：A17. A) surprisedB) disappointedC) excitedD) confused18. A) arrivedB) leftC) returnedD) departed 答案：A19. A) whyB) whenC) howD) what答案：B20. A) enjoyedB) hatedC) toleratedD) loved五、翻译（共20分）21. 随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得越来越便利。

英语语言学试题（1）I. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A, B, C or D in the brackets. (2%×10=20%)1、As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually use, and not to lay down rules for "correct" linguistic behavior, it is said to be ___.A、prescriptiveB、sociolinguisticC、descriptiveD、psycholinguistic2、Of all the speech organs, the ___ is/are the most flexible.A、mouthB、lipsC、tongueD、vocal cords3、The morpheme "vision" in the common word "television" is a(n) ___.A、bound morphemeB、bound formC、inflectional morphemeD、free morpheme4、A ___ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces the embedded clause.A、coordinatorB、particleC、prepositionD、subordinator5、"Can I borrow your bike?" _____ "You have a bike."A、is synonymous withB、is inconsistent withC、entailsD、presupposes6、The branch of linguistics that studies how context influences the way speakers interpret sentences is called ___.A、semanticsB、pragmaticsC、sociolinguisticsD、psycholinguistics7、Grammatical changes may be explained, in part, as analogic changes, which are ___ or generalization.A、elaborationB、simplificationC、external borrowingD、internal borrowing8、___ refers to a marginal language of few lexical items and straightforward grammatical rules, used as a medium of communication.A、Lingua francaB、CreoleC、PidginD、Standard language9、Psychologists, neurologists and linguists have concluded that, in addition to the motor area which is responsible for physical articulation of utterances, three areas of the left brain are vital to language, namely, ___ .A、Broca's area, Wernicke's area and the angular gyrusB、Broca's area, Wernicke's area and cerebral cortexC、Broca's area, Wernicke's area and neuronsD、Broca's area, Wernicke's area and Exner's area10、According to Krashen, ___ refers to the gradual and subconscious development of ability in the first language by using it naturally in daily communicative situations.A、learningB、competenceC、performanceD、acquisitionII. Directions: Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word, the first letter of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in One word only, and you are not allowed to change the letter given. (1%×10=10%)11、Chomsky defines "competence" as the ideal user's k_______ of the rules of his language.12、The four sounds /p/,/b/,/m/ and /w/have one feature in common, i.e, they are all b______ .13、M_______ is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.14、A s______ is a structurally independent unit that usually comprises a number of words to form a complete statement, question or command.15、Synonyms that are mutually substitutable under all circumstances are called c______ synonyms.16、The illocutionary point of r_____ is to commit the speaker to something's being the case, to the truth of what has been said.17、Words are created outright to fit some purpose. Such a method of enlarging the vocabulary is known as word c______.18、Wherever the standard language can use a contraction (he+is→he's), Black English can d___ the form of "be".19、The basic essentials of the first language are acquired in the short period from about age two to puberty, which is called the c______period for first language acquisition.20、As a type of linguistic system in 12 learning, I ______is a product of L2 training, mother tongue intereference, overgeneralization of the target language rules, and learning and communicative strategies of the learner.III. Directions: Judge whether each of the following statements is true or false. Put a T for true or F for false in the brackets in front of each statement. If you think a statement is false, you must explain why you think so and give the correct version. (2%×10=20%)( )21、In modern linguistic studies, the written form of language is given more emphasis than the spoken form for a number of reasons.( )22、V oicing is a phonological feature that distinguishes meaning in both Chinese and English.( )23、The compound word "bookstore" is the place where books are sold. This indicates that the meaning of a compound is the sum total of the meanings of its components.( )24、Syntactic categories refer to sentences (S) and clauses (C) only.( )25、Dialectal synonyms can often be found in different regional dialects such as British English and American English but cannot be found within the variety itself, for example, within British English or American English. ( )26、Only when a maxim under Cooperative Principle is blatantly violated and the hearer knows that it is being violated do conversational implicatures arise.( )27、The territory in which the Indo-European languages are mainly spoken today also includes languages that are not Indo-European.( )28、In most bilingual communities, two languages have the same in speech situations known as domains. ( )29、According to the strong version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, speakers' perceptions determine language and pattern their way of life.( )30、All normal children have equal ability to acquire their first language.IV. Directions: Explain the following terms, using one or two examples for illustration. (3%×10=30%)31、duality32、diachronic linguistics33、broad transcription34、morphological rules35、phrase structure rule36、relational opposites37、componential analysis38、context39、euphemism40、brain lateralizationV. Answer the following questions. (10%×2=20%)41、Explain how the inventory of sounds can change, giving some examples in English for illustration.42、Briefly discuss the individual factors which affect the acquisition of a second language.语言学试题(1)参考答案一、单项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）1、C2、C3、D4、D5、D6、B7、B8、C9、A 10、D二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）11、knowledge12、bilabial13、morphology14、sentence15、complete16、representatives17、coinage18、delete19、critical20、interlanguage三、判断改错题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）21、FActually modern linguistics lays more emphasis on the spoken form of language than the written form for a number of reasons.22、FV oicing distinguishes meaning in English but not in Chinese.23、FThe meaning of some compound words has nothing to do with the sum total of the meanings of their components, such as the compound "redcoat".24、FApart from S and C, they also refer to a word, or a phrase that performs a particular grammatical function.25、FDialectal synonyms can often be found not only in different regional dialects such as British English and American English but also within the variety itself. For example, within British English, "girl" is called "lassie" in Scottish dialect, and "liquor" is called "whishey" in Irish dialect.26、T27、T28、FThey have a fairly clear fairly clear functional differentiation, i.e. one language may be used in some domains, other language in other domains.29、FThe true statement is "According to the strong version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, language determines speakers' perceptions and patterns their way of life"30、T四、名词解释题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分）31、One of the major defining features of human language. Human language consists of two levels. At the lower level, there are a limited number of sounds which are meaningless while at the higher level there are an unlimited number of combinations of these sounds. It is also known as double articulation.32、Linguistics that studies language over a period of time, also known as historical linguistics, e.g.the study of the Chinese language since the end of the Qing dynasty up to the present.33、A way to transcribe speech sounds. The basic principle is to use one letter to indicate one sound. It is generallyused in dictionaries and language teaching textbooks.34、The rules that govern which affix can be added to what type of stem to form a new word, e.g.-ly can be added to a noun to form an adjective.35、a rewrite rule that allows for the possible combinations of words to form phrases and sentences36、Relational opposites, a kind of antonyms, refer to pairs of words that exhibit the reversal of a relationship between the two items. For example, "husband" and "wife", "father" and "son" etc.37、Componential analysis is a way proposed by the structural semanticists to analyze word meaning. The approach is based upon the belief that the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components, called semantic features. For example, the word "man" is analyzed as comprising of +HUMAN,+ADULT,+ANIMATE,+MALE.38、Context is regarded as constituted by all kinds of knowledge assumed to be shared by the speaker and the hearer, For example, the knowledge of the language used and the knowledge of the world, including the general knowledge about the world and the specific knowledge about the situation in which linguistic communication is taking place.39、A euphemism is a mild, indirect or less offensive word or expression that replaces a taboo word or serves to avoid more direct wording that might be harsh, unpleasantly direct, or offensive, e.g. "pass away" for "die".40、Brain lateralization refers to the localization of cognitive and perceptual functions in a particular hemisphere of the brain. For example, the right hemisphere processes stimuli more holistically and the left hemisphere more analytically. In most people, the left hemisphere has primary responsibility for language, while the right hemisphere controls visual and spatial skills.五、论述题（本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分）41、The inventory of sounds can change, and sound changes include changes in vowel sounds, sound loss, sound addition, and sound movement.1) V owel sound change: English has undergone the systematic and regular change in the vowel sounds, known as the Great Vowel shift which occurred at the end of the Middle English period and which involved seven long, or tense vowels. These changes led to one of the major discrepancies between the phonemic representations of words and morphemes, i.e. between pronunciation and the spelling system of Modern English, e.g.five→/fi:v/(Middle English)→/faiv/(Modern English)2) Sound loss: Sounds can change by the loss of phonemes. In the history of English the velar fricative /x/ was lost. This sound existed in Old English, so "night" was pronounced as /nixt/, but in Modern English, its pronunciation is /nait/.3) Sound addition: Sound addition includes the gain or insertion of a sound. For example, the word leisure was borrowed from French, so the phoneme /3/ was added to the inventory of English sounds. A change that involves the insertion of a consonant or vowel sound to the middle of a word is known as epenthesis, e.g.spinle--spindle. 4) Sound movement: Sound change as a result of sound movement known as metathesis involves a reversal in position of two adjoining sound segments. Metathesis is less common, but it does exist. In some dialects of English, for example, the word ask is pronounced /? ks/. Also, bridd ("bird") is an Old English word. When metathesis occurred to this word, the movement of /r/ sound to the right of the vowel sound resulted in its Modern English counterpart "bird".评分标准：满分为10分，总论及四小点各占2分。