农药污染及处理方法(treatment Approaches )

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The Environmental Concentration of Prometryn Plus ®and Relevant Treatment Approaches

Summary Our company launched the herbicide product Prometryn Plus last year.After one-year application, the environmental agency and the water company discovered surface watershad been polluted by this herbicide, and they expressed concern about the ensuing environmental and ecological problems. These issues may affect the corporate image and interests, therefore, how to reduce the concentration of Prometryn Plus in the environment has become the top priority of our environmental work. Firstly,this article reviewed potential sources of the leaked product and the way it entered the environment. The fate and potential harm of Prometryn Plusin the environment have been discussed. Next, a series of governance approaches and discussions were put forward for the Uzi basin. The information they need is also proposed to help determine the final management strategy, however, whichcannot be produced at this stage due to the lack of a large amount of relevant information.

Background The Case Prometryn Plushas been widely applied by local agricultural activities in the Uzicatchment as the low cost and high performance of the product.According to the statistics of relevant departments, there has been a significant promotion in crop yield and agricultural landscape; Nevertheless, recently, the Environmental Agency has collected the Prometryn Plusin surface waters of the Uzi catchment, the pollution might be persistent. Water Agency also found the herbicide concentration in drinking water supply systems. The Uzi catchment based on the Uzi river, with peatlands, fertile soil lands and richbiological diversity. Local residences are making life with fisheries and agriculture, serving nearby cities at the meantime. The concentrations of the herbicide might result in the local environment and human health problem.

Potential Hazards The hazards of herbicides could be very broad, in this case, the environment would be the initial acceptor. In the catchment, the herbicide contaminates soil, water, grass and woods. In addition to killing weeds that is the original function, but also poison to birds, fish, beneficial insects, and non-target plants, and other organisms (Aktar et al.,2009). Especially for the soil and agricultural environment contributors like bees(Voluntary Initiative, 2018), earthworms(Gaupp-Berghausen et al., 2015). Soil contamination produced by the herbicide and its transformation products is also manifested by changes in soil properties, including pH, chemical composition, 2 Y3860294

organic matter content, microbial composition, fertility by the effect on nitrogen cycling etc.(Roberts et al., 2007; Damin and Triveli, 2011).

Prometryn Plusdrifts or volatilises in the air and moves from the treatment area to other areas may even form non-point source pollution. It is estimated that drift can result in a 2% to 25% loss of applied chemicals, spreading from a few meters to hundreds of miles(Majewski and Capel, 1996). Contaminations of the surface and groundwater in the Uzi basin is significant. It directly affects aquatic animals, plants, and ultimately pollutes human drinking water. Regarding the influence on human, drinking water intake, environmental bioaccumulation, air, and soil contact will be the reason.There are three main ways of herbicide harm to the human body: One is massive accidental exposure. Two long-term exposure to a particular concentration of herbicides; three is exposure to residual herbicides in environment and food in daily life. The result may be immune mechanisms and hormonal disruption, mental retardation (to children), endocrine abnormalities, nervous system damage(Crisp et al., 1998). Also, the mixture effects that generated from additivity, synergies, potentiation between Prometryn Plus and other contaminants have more dangerous consequences than single effects.

Sourcesand Pathways The initial sources of the herbicide would be the manufacturing facility. Wastewater was discharged directly to the local sewage system without any pre-treatment. This would be a massive source of the water body and soil. Wastewater was treated bya network of primary settlement and activated sludge where the Prometryn Plusconcentrated in. Local farmers also used the sludge as fertilisers, which introduced the herbicide into soils. What’s more, solid wastes were disposed at local landfill sites, the leak, spill, leach will lead to environmental and health risks. The Uzi river is the primary source of drinking water for local people and water company, the content of Prometryn Plusin the river entered every household through the supply system, and there were not treated specially.