Key to exercises

KEY TO EXERCISESText comprehensionI. Decide which of the following best states the author's purpose of writing.C.II. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.1. F. Refer to Paragraph 1. What the author means by "The season was wrong" is that in the winter of Pennsylvania, it was impossible to see bluebirds, as the state is located in the northeastern part of the United States.2. T. Refer to Paragraph 2.3. F. Refer to Paragraph 13. The man had a playful spirit without an evil purpose. He playeda trick on his children, only to amuse them and make their hard life lively.4. T. Refer to Paragraph 15.5. F. Refer to Paragraph 20. Though it is true that in the narrator's view the presence of his children had boosted the old man's spirits, she didn't ascribe her father's survival exclusively to it. The medical work and, more importantly, the latent influence of the bluebirds were not to be ignored. The old man had a special feeling for blue-birds. It is sensible to believe that his constant concern for the creatures must have worked in his winning of the battle. This can be seen from his display of great care for the birds once he returned home from the hospital.6. F. Refer to Paragraphs 27-28. The man pretended to have forgotten the name of the bird and asked the narrator about it. This was actually a reflection of his playful spirit deeply ingrained in him.III. Answer the following questions.1. Because her father was hospitalized for a heart attack. Since he had already experienced two attacks, the narrator was unsure whether the old man could survive this time.2. The fact that every human being has an instinct for life couldn't account for everything here. There are more reasons why the old man didn't want to stop fighting his disease. For one thing, he had a family. He loved them and they loved him. For another, he couldn't rest assured of the bluebirds for whom he had a special feeling. In a sense, he no longer treated the creatures as animals but as humans and even as his own children. These new children, to him, needed more help from him than his grown-up children, as can be seen from his extraordinary concern for them when he was released from hospital.3. Whatever job you do, you must put your heart into it.4. The man was fascinated by the species and learned their characteristics through careful and long-term observations. He acquired the knowledge of the renowned quality of the creatures, the number of broods a pair would have and the help of the earlier nestlings offered to feed the later ones. All this made the narrator realize that her father had become an expert on this species.5. First, they have the same number of children. The coal miner had six children to raise and Caruso's mate laid six eggs. Second, Caruso and his mate made herculean efforts to feed the nestlings just as the miner did to support his family , loading nine tons a day and going on to work once he was back home. What the bluebirds did probably reminded the old man and thenarrator of the hard life they had ever had. This may strengthen their affection for the creatures.6. What the old man gave to the bluebirds was not just nesting boxes but his constant care as well, though his emotional offering may be unintelligible to the creatures. What the birds gave back was nothing else but a promise of hope and triumph. The spiritual support from the creatures must have worked in his recovery from his severe heart attack.IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences taken from the text.1 . The sparkle in his eyes often betrayed his playful spirit when they met your eyes in conversation.2. Dad must have been encouraged by his children's presence at his bedside in his fight against the heart attack ...3. Dad could only move around in the rooms downstairs, unable to climb upstairs or go out-side.4. After the fight, she assumed again her arrogant posture while Caruso passionately went on with his pleasant courtship songs.5. Suddenly one extremely clear morning, when the sky was as blue as the color of Caruso's courting clothing ...Structure analysis of the textIn Part I (Paragraphs 1-7), the author tells us the background of her story, especially the importance of the small birds to her father. In Part Ⅱ (Paragraphs 8-19), she recalls the life of her father, his philosophy of life, his sacrifice for the family and children and then his love for the birds. In Part III (Paragraphs 20-30), she focuses on how her father treated the birds and how fee birds paid him back.Rhetorical features of the textThe author used the following endearments to describe the playful character of her father; eyes ... wise as an owl's, sparkle with devilment (Paragraph 9), sly grin, the devilment that returned to his eyes (Paragraph 28). And her father called the bluebirds rascals.More examples of endearment: A husband can call his wife "bitch" and the wife can call him "bastard" in some situations to express their love for each other in a playful way.Vocabulary exercisesI. Explain the underlined parts in the sentences below.1.shone brightly with mischief2. make; shape3. called for4. natural home5. forerunners; indicators6. lean and tough bodyⅡ. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1.drifting2. sparkled3. confinement4. fervently5. incubates6. fledged7. rapturous8. NestlingIII. Choose a word that best completes each of the following sentences.1. D2. B3. C4. B5. A6. DIV. Explain the meaning of the underlined word or phrase in each sentence.1.discontinuation2.construct3.economically4.wrong5. in an awkward position6. ProfessionalGrammar exercisesI. Note the position of the adjectives in the following sentences.Although most of the adjectives are both attributive and predicate adjectives, some could function as attributive only while some others could function as predicate only. Aloof and well here are predicative adjectives.Ⅱ. Make sentences with the adjectives given.Note that total and sole are attributive adjectives while adrift, asleep, faint and ill are predicative adjectives when the latter two refer to body conditions.III. . Explain the difference between the underlined parts in each pair.1. A. takes charge ofB. trustworthy2. A. temporary featureB. permanent feature3. A. worriedB. Related4. A. permanent featureB. temporary featureIV. Improve the following sentences.1. The sheriff was looking for a middle-aged woman driving a dark green Buick sedan with a little Scotch terrier beside her.2. To start a conversation, I asked her for a light while waiting for the train.3. Seymour lay in a hammock and watched the vultures circling steadily overhead.4. Filled with eagerness, curiosity, and excitement, Nancy carefully unwrapped the small package.5. We watched with the aid of powerful binoculars the gulls flying over the windswept waves and barren rocks.6. The pair of antique candlesticks shining brightly on the table attracted the admiring glances of many visitors.V. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined structures in your sentences.1. An excellent speaker, he was never at a loss for a word.One of the most popular tourist sites in Italy, Pompeii had nearly two million visitors lastyear.2.Jim climbed slowly up the creaking steps, his courage slipping away at every step. Cartright sat there in silence, his right cheek twitching as usual.TranslationI. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.1. In the old days women in Japan were more confined to the household.2. This is a dull interlude in a speech sparkling with witticism.3. While some basketball players like Michael Jordan were renowned for their magic skills, others were notorious for their scandals.4. We all marveled at the perfection of his medical skills.5. It is said that it took primitive men months or even years to fashion a single tool from stones.6. The students hovered round their teacher, hoping to hear the examination results.7. A strong sense of responsibility set him on taking over this hazardous task.8. Nobody's got anything against you at all. Get that idea out of your head.II. Translate the following passage into Chinese.我父亲住在加拿大西部的一间小木屋里。

Unit 4Key to ExercisesSection APassage AII. Reading Comprehension1. Based on what you have learned from the text, decide whether the following statements are true (T), false (F) in the text.1) F They often head for their favorite vacation spots when holidays come.2) F From past to present, American people have been the people on the move.3) T4) T5) T6) F Most trips are environmental-friendly and pay great attention to protecting the sensitivenatural balance.7) F Americans, like some other peoples, like traveling, but it’s hard to say which people likestraveling most.8) TIII. Vocabulary and Structure1. Select words from what are given and fill in the blanks with their proper forms.（1）move (2 )territory (3) average （4）have commuted （5）multitude（6 ）appealing （7）head （8 ）resorts （9）thrill （10）disturbing2. Choose the right word and complete the sentence with its proper form.1）（1）emigrated 他已经放弃了他的美国国籍并移民到中国。

key-to-exercises(U1)Unit 1Active reading 1 (P5)3. 34. b, c, c, d, c, a5. 1 productive, 2 attendance, 3 resistance, 4 ambitious, 5 acceptance, 6 script, 7 impressive6. (1) attendance, (2) ambitious, (3) productive, (4) impressive, (5) resistance, (6) script,(7) acceptance7. 1 mortgage, 2 deck, 3 surf, 4 coastal, defy, 5 lengthy8. b, a, b, b, b, a, b, b9. 1 The use of the time expression, together with the past tense, is a signal that this isa narrative with a sequence of events. The word our indicates that this is a storyof personal experience.2 This indicates that studying for the final exams was not the only concern of thestudents. So it is a transition from studying for final exams to the next topic –getting a job after graduation.3 Because this changes the focus onto the writer as an individual. The we paragraphsare general background to the main narrative about the individual, which is coming.4 This change to direct speech opens a moment-by-moment dialogue. This slows downthe narrative of events but gives a good impression of how the writer found it difficult to say what he wanted to do and how the father made few comments.5 The topic shifts to crabs. The sentence also arouses the readers’ interest – we expectsome fascinating new information about crabs here. Later, we realize how the topic of crabs is connected with the son finding a job, and the crabs’ behaviour leads the father to give memorable advice.6 Yes, we don’t know what happens next, but the implication is fairly clear that thefather would support the son’s idea of travel and of being a writer. It makes a better conclusion not to say it explicitly, as it leaves a lot of room for personalinterpretation.Active reading 2 (P8)2. c, d, b3. 34. 1 triple, 2 cemetery, 3 rear, 4 biography, 5 cram, 6 budding, 7 finite, 8 elapse5. 1 elapsed, cemetery, 2 crammed, 3 triple, 4 budding, biography, 5 finite6. a, b, a, a, b, b, a, a7. a, b, b, a, a, b, b, b, a8. We may not even last that long.(“life is short”)It could be sooner than we’d like. (“life is short”)… go out and do them now before it’s too late. (“act now”)It needs to be brought forward and done now ...(“act now”)• The novel … the trip … your mind’s-eye dream-job … the West End play … – you have to do them now.• Tomorrow is just another version of now, an empty field that will remain so unless we start plantingsome seeds.• Fill your bowl. We come this way but once so let’s make the best of the short stay.• Fit as much into the short time there as yo u can.• And now is the time, not tomorrow. There is no time like the present.• … if we are dying and our allotted time is finite, why the hell aren’t we doing all the things we want to do NOW?• So I say stop waiting and meet providence halfway. Start fi lling your life with the riches on offer …• Act now or your time will elapse and you’ll end up as a sepia-coloured relative …9. 1 The image is of the reaper of death. We never know when death will come to us. Thereaper wears a black hood so you can’t se e his face, and he carries a scythe which represents cutting people down like corn; he brings our last breath.2 This refers to the main body of the story, and the main part of our life, like the meatin a sandwich. The meat is between two pieces of bread; the main content of the story is between the prologue and epilogue.3 This means plans which you have postponed or kept waiting as a low priority, as ifthey are simmering gently but not really cooking on the back part of the cooker.4 This means tomorrow is like a note which has promised a payment of money but bywhich we can’t actually get the cash. It never really comes unless we act now.5 The image is of someone driving a car and looking in the rear-view mirror. They arelooking at their past with lots of regrets about what they could have, should have, or would have done but did not in fact do.6 This means take as much as you can in your life within the limits of what is possible.The image is of filling a salad bowl with as much salad as possible because you only have one chance to serve yourself.7 This image is of a man waiting for a girl who has said she will come but who isn’t5 It wasn’t just that the Grim Reaper was intended to frighten people, but it wasalso a figure of fun.5. 1 settle(a) On the surfaces that aren’t used very often or aren’t cleaned.(b) Yes, it is, because the disagreement i s solved and each p arty is satisied with theoutcome.(c) Nothing, because you have paid everything that is owed.(d) We relax in a comfortable chair and enjoy it.2 smooth(a) No, because the sea is calm. We will feel seasick if it is rough.(b) No, because the changeover has gone well, without dificulties.(c) Not necessarily, because some people whotalk confidently like that do so to trick you,like a conidence trickster or conman.3 offer(a) We say “no”, because we are refusing it.(b) We should say, “I apologize”or “I’msorry”.(c) In a shop, because the shop is offering aspecial price or reduction for something. (d) They are intelligent, talented, gifted orcreative and they will bring these kinds ofqualities to their work.4 bear(a) No, we will remember it and consider it fora particular occasion in future.(b) We look similar in certain physicalfeatures.(c) I can’t bear to think too much about someof the problems in the world, famine, war, poverty etc. In the modern world, why don’t we just solve them?5 resistance(a) No, not easily. They refuse to accept theidea maybe because it’s j ust a bad idea, or they may change their mind if they understand it better.(b) The soldiers met opposition from thosethey were fighting against.(c) Yes, we can keep ourselves as healthy aspossible with a good diet and getting enough exercise so that we are less likely to catch a cold, or if we do get one, we won’t suffer so badly.6. Translate the paras into Chinese.1 注：and guys wore the bags under their eyesand their pale, sleepy faces with pride …这句的动词wear 后面带两个宾语，中文找不到能带这两个宾语的动词，故处理成四个中文短句；翻译like medals provingtheir diligence 时，采用“增词法”增加“这些”来概括前面所描写的“眼袋”，“脸色苍白”，“睡眼惺忪”等，使译文含义更加清晰流畅。

Key to Exercises (unit 1)Vocabulary:I. 1). respectable 2) .agony 3). put down 4). sequence 4). rigid 5). hold back 6). distribute7). off and on 8). vivid9). associate 10). finally 11). turn in 12). tackle2. 1) has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office2) was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not3) a clear image of how she would look in twenty year s’ time4) gave the command the soldiers opened fire5) buying bikes we’ll keep turning them out3.1) reputation/rigid / to inspire 2) and tedious / what’s more / out of date ideas3) compose / career / avoid showing / hardly hold backII. 1). composed 2). severe 3) agony 4). extraordinary5). recall 6). command7). was violating 8). anticipateIII. 1. at 2. for 3. of 4. with5. as6. about7. to8. in9. from 10. on/uponComprehensive Exercises(A)(1) hold back (2) tedious (3) scanned (4) recall(5) vivid (6) off and on (7) turn out/in (8) career(B)(1) last (2) surprise (3) pulled (4) blowing (5) dressed (6) scene(7) extraordinary (8)image (9)turn (11) excitementII. Translation1 1) As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to.2) His girlfriend advised him to get rid of /get out of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold.3) Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production.4) It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules./Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.5) It is reported that government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage./The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage.2.Susan lost her legs because of/in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact that she would never be able to walk again.One day, while scanning （through）some magazines, a true story caught her eye/she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she , too, would finally be able to lead a useful life.Key to exercises Unit 2I.V ocabulary :1. 1) absolutely 2) available 3) every now and then4) are urging/ urged 5) destination6) mostly 7) hangs out 8) right away 9) reunion10)or something 11)estimate12) going ahead2.1) It seemed that his failure in the examination was still on his mind.2) He was completely chocked up by the sight of his team losing in the final minutes of the game.3) She was so lost in study that she forgot to have dinner.4) Something has come up and I am afraid i won't be able to accomplish the project on time.5) The cost of equipping the new hospital was estimated at $2 million.3.1) were postponed ... the awful ...is estimated2) reference ... not available ... am kind of3) not much of a teacher... skips...go headII.1.to;2. for;3. at;4. from;5. in;6. to;7. on;8.withIII.1). more or less; 2). kind of/ sort of3). Something 4). kind of/ sort of5). more or less 6). or somethingComprehensive Exercises:I. (A) 1) choked up 2) awful 3) practically 4) neighborhood5) correspondence 6) available 7) destination8) reunion 9) Mostly 10)postponing 11) absolutely(B) 1) how 2)savings 3) embarrassment 4) phone 5)interrupted6)touch 7)envelope 8) signed 9) message10) neededII. Translation1.1) Half an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet. We had to walk home.2) Mary looks as if she is very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn’t learned the texts by heart.3) Since the basketball match has been postponed, we might as well visit the museum.4) He stayed in Australia with his parents all the way through World War II.5) Since I graduated from nanjing University in 1985, I have kind of lost touch with my classmates.2. It is not easy to keep in touch with friends when they are far away. This is certainly true in my case.It has been a couple of years since I left my old meighborhood and all the friends I had there. I've been meaning to write to them but something or other comes up and I just don't seem to find the time. They are always on my mind, however, and I think I will certainly make an effort to keep up correspondence with them in future.Key to Unit 3:V ocabulary:I:1) brief 2) in terms of 3) cut…off 4) tend 5) anyway6) precise 7)in the form of8) initiative 9) convey 10) in two minds 11)concept 12)grasp1.1) …has ensured their team a place in the Cup Final.2) ….medical workers’ responsibility to heal the wounded and rescure the dying.3)…..entertain as well as educate the learner.4) ….can do without air and water.5)… is likely to be held in June2.1) lies in ….contact between2) basis of ….is likely….sufficient ….at the moment3) the steady ….ensures…will be highlyII.1. regained2. undecided3. undersupplied4. disabled….5. precondition6. foresight7. mispronounced8. enrichIII.1.略2.1) majority 2) accepted 3) increased 4) weakness 5) local/regional6) late 7) wrong 8) falseComprehensive Exercises:I.Cloze(A)1) highly; 2) bring about 3) evident 4）rate 5) sufficient; 6) put across 7) proportion 8) Hence, 9) ensure..put across;…proportion; ….Hence;….ensure;….audience…(B)1)understand 2) tracel 3) practical 4) use 5) Another 6) likely 7) affect 8) developments 9) supply 10)SomedayII.Translation:1.1) As is predicted by scientists, global pollution has become one of the most serious problems humans are faced with.2) Competition for these jobs is very tough ---- we have five times as many applicants this year as we did last year/there are five times as many applicants this year as there were last year.3) As the facts show, educational programs need to fit into the national plan for economic development.4) The car burns too much gas, and moreover, the price is almost twice as much as I intend to pay.5) To understand a great international event, we, first of all, need to consider the historical and political background to it.2.It is hard to imagine how our forefathers could do without so many conveniences that modern technology has brought about. Back then only a small proportion of the population enjoyed the comforts of life. The majority didn’t even have sufficient food, not to speak of/ let alone the privilege of being educated. However, many people blame modern technology for creating so many problems. They want to slow down the rate of progress. But no one can put the clock back.UNIT 4nguage sense enhancement.passed away grew in stature proud route values and principleabove all bottom tiny giant balance sheets2.Vocabulary.wreck balance approaching handle discard Above all diet do with checked on clean up weekly principle3.Rewrite sentences.<1> to look for survivors were abandoned after it had been/was determined that all the people in thesunken ship had died.<2> was amazed that bob left a well-paid job to travel around the world.<3> for a loan has been turned down by many a bank as her business is small and she could provide noguarantee.<4>express her thoughts with precision, so people often misunderstand her.<5> will weaken our determination to modernize our country in the shortest possible time.plete the sentences.for sale hunting for be amazed bybecome skilled handle their loanscharacter by calling on he passes away5.Confusable words.personal personnel / sometime sometimes some time sometime6.Euphemismd e h c g a b f7.Cloze.sponsored determination turned away assumed capacity skilled loan character hunting for sale send for save recent modest grow dream immigrant business engineering invest rich8.Translation.<1> It is reported that UN mediators have worked out a plan which they hope will be acceptable to bothsides.<2> Doris walked in the forest cautiously, afraid of being attacked by giant snakes.<3> Earthquakes, typhoons and other natural disasters cannot be prevented, but action can be taken toprotect life and property.<4> I bought a new issue of my favorite sports magazine and hurried home, anxious to amuse myselfreading it.<5> Helen lacks confidence. I’ve never known anyone so unsure of herself.TranslationAfter graduating from college, Tony decided to start his own business. At the beginning, many a bank turned down his request for a loan. But he was not a bit discouraged, and continued to call on one banker after another seeking help. Impressed by his determination and optimism, one banker finally agreed to loan him the money. Now he has become a wealthy businessman. Talking about his amazing achievement, Tony puts great emphasis on the importance of creating, rather than waiting for opportunities.UNIT 5Vocabulary:1.monthly,2.acquaintances,3.classic,4.look in the eye5.manufacured6. options7. finance8. replacement9. survived 10. pick out 11. married 12. grabbed atRewrite:1.survived a car crash that killed both her parents.2.almost embarrassed to death when Sarah read my poem out to the whole class.3.of the Children’s Hospital will care for the seriously injured pupils./4.several phone calls making inquiries about the position of Chief Financial Officer.5.straighten out all your financial problems if you join our club.Complete:1.injury, died of hunger, people survived2.instantly, give up his, retire, replace him, executive3.his beloved, odd jobs, and all thatSuffixation:1. embarrassment2. survivors, 3 newly, 4. marketable5. monthly6. competition,7.conceivable8. respectableUsage:1. the poor, 2 the deceased\the dead 3. the disabled4. the French , 5 the accused 6. the young.7. the unemployed 8 the latter….the formerCloze:1. died of2. instantly, 3 classic, 4. ask around,5. surviving 6 . retire 7. executive, 8 replacement9 stock 10 look in the eye1 impressed2 diligence3 instead4 contrary5 professionally6 perform7 personal8 balance9 commitment 10 revealedTranslation:1.I’m not sure where you can find a good carpenter----you’d better ask around.2.Feeling a little embarrassed, he quickly cleared his throat and looked up at the painting on the wall.3.Michael was survived by three sons, two daughters, and his wife Elizabeth.4.As a financial expert, William advised us to invest our money in the stock market.5.We small retailers can’t compete with supermarkets in pricing and sales.My dad is a hard-working executive of a manufacturing firm. He works six days a week. Every day he has to straighten out various kinds of problems so that he often stays up late/nights. However, he tries his best to balance/maintain a balance between work and family. On Sundays my dad usually stays at home and cares for us as much as he can. To my greatest joy, he cooks our favorite dishes and plays ball with us.Unit 6Translation：1) Before I went off to university, my grandfather gave me a few words of wisdom which impressed me deeply.2) Never tell my parents about my injuries and I’ll be very grateful to you (for it).3) At the meeting some of our colleagues put forward sensible suggestions about improving our working environment.4) The management has/ have agreed to grant the workers a 10% pay rise in response to union pressure.5) It was very thoughtful of the hostess to give the home a thorough cleaning before we arrived.Not rich himself, Uncle Li never hesitates to help others. Previous to / Before his retirement, through Project Hope he located the addresses of two country kids who grew up in poor families but had a keen desire to study. From then on he sent them money regularly. Later the two made their way to college, and even got a chance to study overseas.UNIT 6Key to Exercises (Unit 6)V ocabulary:1.I:1) fertile 2) reflected 3) overseas 4) slim 5) split 6) sustained 7)glow 8) thrust9) keen 10)bud 11) previous 12) whichever2. 1) …of carpets and furniture in the bedroom disgusts me.2) …corresponding with Henry after the death of her mother.3)….is best located at an isolated place far from cities.4) …was so absorbed in the game on TV that I didn’t hear Martin come in.5)… players grip the ball.31) to broaden … make their way2) disgusts ….take a chance on3) the grand … and overseas ….reflectedII. Usage1. 1). frightened 2). afraid/frightened2. 1). alike/similar 2) similar3. 1) alive 2)living4. 1)sleeping 2) asleepIII. word family1. 1) disappointed2) disappointment 3) disappointing4) disappoint 5) disappointingly 6) disappointing2.1)attractive 2) attract 3) attraction4) attractively 5) unattractively 6) unattractiveComprehensive Exercises:III.Cloze(C)(1)—(10) identifying, gripped, margins, corresponding, overseas, more than a little, hesitated, grateful,made my way, going my way(D)(1)---(10) first, ring, Nor, another, threw, deliberately, reasoned, himself, restaurant, matterIV.Translation:1.Before I went off to university, my grandfather gave me a few words of wisdom which impressed medeeply.2.Never tell my parents about my injuries and I’ll be very grateful to you (for it).3.At the meeting some of our colleagues put forward sensible suggestions about improving our workingenvironment.4.The management has agreed to grant the workers a 10% pay rise in response to union pressure.5.It was very thoughtful of the hostess to give the house a thorough cleaning before we arrived.Not rich himself, Uncle Li never hesitates to help others. Previous to/ before his retirement, through Project Hope he located the addresses of two country kids who grew up in poor families but had a keen desire to study. From then on he sent them money regularly. Later the two made their way to college, and even got a chance to study overseas.。