Effects-of-the-Automobile-on-Societies

大学英语4课后cloze及翻译原题带答案Cloze1In the 21st century, clouds and stormy weather no longer automatically bring operations to a halt or force a change in targets（目标）. Technologies such as the Global Positioning System now allow cruise missiles（巡航导弹） and other smart weapons to home in on（瞄准并飞速接近） their targets. But the weather still is a factor that must be reckoned with, especially with precision-guided weapons that must be highly accurate （高度精确）to be effective.Fortunately, the ability to obtain weather forecasts will get better. In the next few years, remote weather sensors（传感器）will grow rapidly on unmanned vehicles. This will create a network of observing platforms that will give commanders an instant overview of weather in the battle zone（战场）. In some areas you’ll have direct delivery of weather information straight from the computes to black boxes in aircraft and other vehicles. That will be especially important for target-bound aircraft（瞄准目标的飞行器）.Such technology will give whoever possess it a tremendous edge（优势）over their enemy and enable them to use developing weather conditions to their advantage. As we get superior satellites into space, we’ll gain huge advantages in observing meteorological conditions in denied areas（盲区）, where we don’t have people on the ground. And our modeling ability will continue to improve as our computers get more powerful. The past 10 years have witnessed a revolution in our communications and computer abilities. It’s exciting to think of what the next 10 years will bring.在第二十一世纪，云层和暴风雨天气不再自动带来业务停顿或迫使目标的变化（目标）。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-华东师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Don't leave your bicycle out in the rain. It'll get（）.问题1选项A.rustyB.crudeC.roughD.tough【答案】A【解析】句意：不要将你的自行车放在雨中, 会生锈的。

选项A正确。

2.单选题In our society the unwritten rules of communication discourage the direct expression of emotions. Count the number of genuine emotional expressions you hear over a two-or-three-day period and you’ll discover that emotional expressions are rare. People are generally comfortable making statements of fact and often delight in expressing their opinions, but they rarely disclose how they feel.Not surprisingly, the emotions that people do share directly are usually positive. For example, one study of married couples revealed that the partners shared flattering feelings of face-saving ones. They also willingly disclosed both positive and negative feelings about absent third parties. On the other hand, the husbands and wives rarely expressed face-threatening feelings of hostility.Surprisingly, social rules even discourage too much expression of positive feelings. A hug and kiss for Mother is all right, though a young man should shake hands with Dad. Affection toward friends becomes less and less frequent as we grow older, so that even a simple statement such as “I like you” is seldom heard between adults.A review of research on emotional expression supports the cultural stereotype of the non-emotional male and the more emotional female. As a group, women are more likely than men to express their emotions. They are better at distinguishing between related feelings such as liking and loving, and they are more likely to have more affectionate relationships than men. Of course, these gender differences are statistical average, and there are many men and women who do not fall into these types.1.What is the main ides of this passage?2.People avoid expressing their feelings directly because（）3.Which of the following statements do people tend to express?4.That “Women are better than men in expressing feelings” is（）5.According to the passage, it is surprising that（）问题1选项A.Both adults and children seldom expose their feelings and opinions.B.Society is the real cause of people’s less expression of their affectio n.C.People like to talk freely behind a third person.D.Women are more open than men in expressing their feelings.问题2选项A.they have no time over a two-or-three-day periodB.they feel timid to do soC.they prefer facts to feelingsD.they feel uneasy when they disclose their inner world问题3选项A.Your hairstyle is good, but the color does not suit your skin.B.How should he have left the room in such a mess!C.I’m sorry to say I can’t love you any more.D.It is silly of you to have given up this chance.问题4选项A.a complete cultural stereotypeB.proven by researchC.the traditional prejudiceD.the key to social problems问题5选项A.women are more expressive than menB.husbands and wives tend to please each otherC.people are socially discouraged from expressing their positive feelingsD.people feel comfortable to disclose their negative feelings【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:A第4题:B第5题:C【解析】1.判断推理题。

八年级科技与社会英语阅读理解25题1<背景文章>Smartphones have become an indispensable part of modern society. They are not just simple communication devices anymore.Modern smartphones are equipped with a wide variety of functions. They have high - quality cameras that can take clear pictures and record videos, allowing people to capture precious moments at any time. With powerful processors and large amounts of memory, they can run numerous applications smoothly. For example, there are various social media apps like Facebook, Instagram and Twitter, which enable people to connect with friends, family and even strangers all over the world.In terms of the impact on social interaction, smartphones have both positive and negative aspects. On the positive side, they break the barriers of distance. People can communicate instantly with others regardless of geographical location. It has greatly enhanced the frequency and convenience of communication. However, there are also problems. Some people are so addicted to their smartphones that they ignore the people around them in real - life situations. For instance, during family gatherings or meetings, some individuals keep looking at their phones, which may lead to a decline in the quality of face - to - face communication.When it comes to learning and work, smartphones also play important roles. There are many educational apps available. Students can use them to look up information, study online courses, and practice language skills. Workers can use smartphones to check emails, manage schedules, and even hold video conferences. But over - reliance on smartphones can also cause problems. For example, some students may use their phones to play games during study time instead of focusing on their lessons.In addition, smartphones also bring issues such as privacy concerns. Some apps may collect users' personal information without their clear consent. And the excessive use of smartphones may also have an impact on people's physical and mental health, such as causing eye strain and reducing attention span.1. <问题1>What is one of the functions of modern smartphones according to the passage?A. They can only be used for making phone calls.B. They have high - quality cameras for taking pictures and videos.C. They are too slow to run any applications.D. They can't connect to the Internet.答案：B。

汽车缺点英文作文Title: The Drawbacks of Automobiles。

Introduction:Automobiles have undoubtedly revolutionized the way we travel and have become an integral part of modern society. However, like any technological advancement, they come with their fair share of drawbacks.1. Environmental Impact:One of the most significant drawbacks of automobiles is their adverse impact on the environment. The combustion of fossil fuels in cars emits greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, contributing to climate change and air pollution. Additionally, the production and disposal of cars result in the release of harmful chemicals and waste, further exacerbating environmental degradation.2. Traffic Congestion:The widespread use of automobiles has led to increasingly congested roads, especially in urban areas. Traffic congestion not only wastes valuable time but also consumes additional fuel, leading to increased emissions and fuel consumption. Moreover, congestion contributes to stress and frustration among commuters, negatively impacting overall well-being.3. Dependence on Oil:The majority of automobiles rely on oil-based fuels such as gasoline and diesel. This dependence on oil makes economies vulnerable to fluctuations in oil prices and geopolitical tensions. Additionally, the extraction and transportation of oil pose environmental risks, including oil spills and habitat destruction.4. Public Health Concerns:Automobile emissions contain various pollutants,including nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, and volatile organic compounds, which have detrimental effects on public health. Exposure to these pollutants is linked torespiratory diseases, cardiovascular problems, and even premature death. Moreover, noise pollution from traffic can lead to sleep disturbances, hearing loss, and increased stress levels.5. Infrastructure Costs:The construction and maintenance of roads, highways,and parking facilities to accommodate automobiles require significant financial resources. These infrastructure costs strain government budgets and often prioritize car-centric development over more sustainable modes of transportation, such as public transit, cycling, and walking.6. Safety Risks:Despite advancements in automotive safety features, accidents remain a major concern. Automobile crashes result in thousands of fatalities and injuries worldwide each year,causing immense human suffering and economic losses. Factors contributing to accidents include human error, mechanical failures, and road conditions.7. Urban Sprawl:The proliferation of automobiles has facilitated urban sprawl, leading to the expansion of cities into surrounding rural areas. Urban sprawl results in the loss of farmland, natural habitats, and open spaces, as well as increased energy consumption for transportation and infrastructure.Conclusion:While automobiles offer unparalleled convenience and mobility, it is essential to recognize and address their significant drawbacks. Sustainable solutions, such as promoting alternative modes of transportation, improving fuel efficiency, and investing in public transit infrastructure, are crucial for mitigating the negative impacts of automobile use and building a moreenvironmentally friendly and equitable transportation system.。