唐山市2018届高三上学期期末考试英语
本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）。第I卷1至10页，第II卷11至12页。考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第I卷
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡19.15.
B. ￡9.15.
C. ￡9.18.
答案是B。
1. Where is the woman going?
A. The zoo.
B. The Third Hospital.
C. The museum.
2. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a hotel.
B. In a hospital.
C. In a restaurant.
3. How does the woman feel?
A. Disappointed.
B. Annoyed.
C. Surprised.
4. What are served on the train?
A. Steak and ice.
B. Pizza and noodles.
C. Rice and noodles.
5. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?
A. The weather.
B. The safety
C. The town.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
请听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至第7题。
6. Why can’t the woman get the dictionary today?
A. The dictionary has been sold out.
B. She has not enough money.
C. She has not got membership.
7. How much will be woman probably pay for a copy?
A. $30.
B. $24.
C. $20.
听第7段材料，回答第8至第9题。
8. What’s wrong with the man?
A. He feels cold.
B. He feels hungry.
C. He feels worn out.
9. What w ill the man be doing at 10 o’clock?
A. Working in the office.
B. Seeing the doctor.
C. Resting at home.
听第8段材料，回答第10至第12题。
10. Where is Todd from?
A. Canada.
B. China.
C. England.
11. Which Chinese TV program does Todd like better?
A. Drama.
B. Talk Show.
C. News.
12. What does Todd advise Marika to do?
A. Watch TV.
B. Surf the Internet
C. Read a book.
听第9段材料，回答第13至第16题。
13. What are the speakers talking about?
A. A holiday plan.
B. Work pressure.
C. Places of interest
14. Why does the man dislike going to Australia?
A. It’s far.
B. It’s tiring
C. It’s dangerous.
15. Where will the speakers probably go?
A. Thailand.
B. Australia.
C. The Caribbean.
16. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Employer and employee.
B. Daughter and father.
C. Husband and wife. 听第10段独白，回答第17至第20题。
17. Where do the parades take place?
A. On the squares.
B. Along the main street.
C. In the parks.
18. What do people commonly do to celebrate important days?
A. Set off fireworks.
B. Hold big concerts.
C. Decorate main streets.
19. What do people in Washington, D.C. do on Independence Day?
A. Attend a barbecue or a picnic.
B. Sing Neil Diamond's “America” together.
C. Gather near the Washington Monument.
20. What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. The history of Independence Day.
B. The importance of Independence Day.
C. The celebration of Independence Day.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Music is the universal language of mankind. Take off your headphones, go outdoors and discover a new world of music!
★ Glastonbury Festival
Glastonbury is the largest green-field music festival. It attracts celebrities（名人）and the world’s biggest bands to the mud of rural Britain every year after it was created in 1970. And don’t forget your tent and boots, for the festival takes place on a farm for 3 days and is infamous for rain!
Now it has developed into a performance art festival. The festival-goers contributed four billion pounds to the economy in 2016.
★ Rock the South
Rock the South is a relatively young music festival that celebrates Alabama’s recovery from a series of horrific tornadoes in 2011.
Mainly featuring southern music and culture of the US, the festival generously gives back to the community through donations to local charitable organizations year after year—over 400,000 $ in all. Ticket sales have grown more than 18 percent each year since the first Rock the South in 2012. The two-day event has also become a major tourism driver for the city of Cullman.
★ Montreux Jazz Festival
Switzerland’s Montreux Jazz Festival celebrated its golden 50th anniversary last year. It has developed from a strictly jazz-only collection back in the early days to pop, R&B and any music nowadays.
Located on the eastern end of Lake Geneva, the festival can literally be accessed by boat. During the fortnight’s festival, music lovers can truly connect with the artists and music on the lake, not to mention enjoy the splendid lakeside scenery along the way.
★ Fuji Rock Festival
Japan’s Fuji Rock first took place at the base of Mount Fuji in 1997 and later relocated to Naeba ski resort. The yearly 3-day festival will not be cancelled due to unpleasant weather.
It is the cleanest festival in the world. It is said that after a midnight performance by Muse this year, thousands of fans departed without leaving a single piece of waste or cigarette end.
21. Which of the music festivals has the longest history?
A. Glastonbury Festival.
B. Rock the South.
C. Montreux Jazz Festival.
D. Fuji Rock Festival
22. Where do ticket sales from Rock the South partly go?
A. To the government for rescue in tornadoes.
B. To the charities for the good of the local people.
C. To the travel agency for tourism development.
D. To culture authorities for southern music in the US.
23. What’s the common feature of the four music festivals?
A. They take place outdoors every year.
B. The music events last three days.
C. The admission fee is the same.
D. They are performance art festivals.
B
After Stewart and Debbie Wilder lost their son, Cameron, in 2013, the last thing on their minds was decorating for the holiday season. “We haven’t put anything up in three years. It has all stayed boxed up,” said Debbie.
But in December 2016, the house was lit up for Christmas, with little lights cheerfully lining
the rood and eaves（屋檐）. It wasn’t the Wilders but a stranger Carson Zickgraf, the founder of CZ Enterprises LLC, who finally made the house shine. “I started crying,” Debbie says about seeing the lights for the first time. “It was really special.”
Zickgraf has been donating his light-stringing services to brighten the lives of families affected by losing their children, especially during the difficult holiday season since 2015 and has decorated the houses of more than two dozen families so far.
He started the project by chance. He was hanging lights on a home when the owner mentioned that some neighbors were having a hard time that holiday season because their son had recently died. Then he had an idea. “I sent my crew there to decorate that house too,” he says. The family wa s delighted. In fact, he had two friends who had died young, and he’d always wished he could ease the pain for their loved ones. Now, he’s found a way.
“There’s something special about Christmas lights. They warm the spirit.” Zickgraf knows his efforts can’t completely remove the pain from these families, but he can make the holidays a little cheerier. “I wish I had a bigger company so I could do more houses,” he says.
24. How was the Wilders affected by the loss of their son?
A. They didn’t feel like decor ating their house for Christmas.
B. They were the last to put up some decorations at Christmas.
C. They had no one to help decorate their house for Christmas.
D. They had the belongings of their son boxed up at Christmas.
25. Why did Zickgraf donate the light-stringing service?
A. To make more houses brighter.
B. To expand his own business.
C. To relieve the victim family’s pain.
D. To memorize his dead friends.
26. Which of the following words can best describe Zickgraf?
A. Enthusiastic and optimistic.
B. Courageous and smart.
C. Ambitious and generous.
D. Considerate and helpful.
27. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. Lights warming the spirit
B. A person brightening houses
C. Families going through sufferings
D. A business hanging lights
C
More than 90 years have passed since Hollywood’s official film organization first suggested
plans to build its own museum. Those plans are finally becoming a reality, with the Academy Museum of Motion Pictures set to open in 2019.
Film historian Kerry Brougher has been named director of the museum. He told VOA the museum would open as Hollywood continues to seek new ways to entertain audiences beyond the movie theater. “Film is expanding,” Brougher said. “It’s in the theaters still, but it’s a lso projected onto buildings. And it’s also on your iPhone; it’s on your computer.” He added that movies often cross over into the art world too, with major exhibitions including film subjects.
The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences is building the museum, which is expected to cost $388 million to complete. The Academy includes more than 8,000 members, including actors, directors and other professionals in the film industry. The project is underway at the site of an historic Los Angeles department store built in 1939. The County Museum of Art has used the building since 1994.
Brougher says the museum will include a 1,000-seat theater and there will be also areas showing the Academy’s collection of 12 million photographs and 80,000 screenplays. The c ollection also includes objects from famous films, such as “Casablanca” and “Psycho”. Special collections will also be shown from many film greats, such as Cary Grant and Katharine Hepburn. Oscar statuettes（奥斯卡小金人）donated by actors who won the awards will be on show as well.
He added that visitors would even get the chance to walk down a red carpet and accept their own Academy Award. They can stroll（漫步）the Walk of Fame, where actors are honored with stars on Hollywood sidewalks. They can also visit movie studios or the Dolby Theater, where the Oscars are presented. But beyond these, movie fans have limited possibilities.
28. Why is the Academy Museum of Motion Pictures built?
A. To exhibit the Academy’s collections.
B. To replace the County Museum of Art
C. To explore new ways to entertain audiences.
D. To honor the achievements of Hollywood.
29. What do we know about the Academy Museum of Motion Pictures?
A. The construction of it began in 1939.
B. It is planned to be open to the public in 2019.
C. It includes a theater and an Oscars-making shop.
D. It is located beside Los Angeles department store.
30. What can visitors do at the Academy Museum of Motion Pictures?
A. They can present movie actors with Oscars.
B. They can make their own Academy Award.
C. They can pay a visit to the Dolby Theater.
D. They can play their films in movie studios.
31. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To advertise a special collection.
B. To introduce an academy museum.
C. To encourage visits to the museum,
D. To inform the history of Academy Award.
D
Back in the 20th century, nursing students learned how to give injections by using an orange to simulate（模拟）the skin of a patient. “We don’t do that anymore,” says Lynn Richter, assistant professor at Rush University College of Nursing. Instead, 21st-century nursing students work with lifelike simulators.
obviously, today’s simulators are not the plastic dummies（人体模型）used to learn CPR. Instead, these have lifelike skin and programmable brains to simulate nearly every clinical situation a patient might present, and undergo nearly every clinical nursing procedure. They can simulate shock, a heart attack or even give birth.
“All the nursing students have access to simulators, and it’s increasingly introduced into all the courses,” says Lynn Richter. At Rush, beginning nursing students first meet the simulators in nursing management courses, where they are used to assess basic skills. This allows instructors like Richter to determine skills to focus on. By the end of the term, the students practise emergency response to life-threatening cases.
Instructors love the simulators because they present a wide variety of situations students might not otherwise experience in the clinic. The simulators also promote patient safety. “So mething is very risky. Nursing students don’t get to do it until they graduate. But we can do it down in the simulative lab,” says Richter. Students love the technology, too. The addition of video technology is making learning even richer. For example, simulator sessions（研讨会）are videotaped, then
reviewed and reported afterward.
New technology is on the horizon for future students to look forward to. “The major focus of the new area is 12 clinic exam rooms where students meet patient actors. It will have the same clinical communication and electronic medical record that is used in the hospital. It’s a step toward creating a virtual hospital environment,” says Richter.
However, the need for students to work with real patients in a clinical setting will never go away completely. “Nothing can replace that human to human interaction,” he adds.
32. What is the advantage of the lifelike simulators?
A. They can be used to treat a heart attack.
B. They can be programmed to move around.
C. They perform the task of nursing students.
D. They produce more possible clinical situations.
33. What does the word “This” in Para.3 refer to?
A. The introduction of all courses.
B. The use of lifelike simulators.
C. The evaluation of basic skills.
D. The practice of emergency response.
34. What is mainly conveyed in Para.4?
A. Students experience fewer situations in the clinic.
B. Simulator sessions are often held to instruct students.
C. The addition of video technology ensures patients’ safety.
D. Instructors, students and patients benefit from the simulators.
35. Where would this text probably appear?
A. An educational brochure.
B.A medical tech magazine.
C. An amusement website.
D. A science-fiction novel.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Going back to school can be a stressful time for children and families. Everyone must make the transition（转变）from easy holiday life to routines, schedules and homework. 36 Arrange school events and programs
Many schools have events and programs to help cut down on student stress. At these events, parents can meet the teachers and see where their children are learning. Families can attend
activities held on different sites in the school. 37
★ Make connections in the classroom
Communicating with students is god advice for teachers. Teachers can share details about themselves, which can help to create meaningful connections in the classroom. 38 Teachers should also invite children to talk about their families and describe what they did over the summer.
★Don’t schedule too many activities for your children
39 Instead, help them set clear goals and keep schedules organized. If someone in the family has a learning style close to that of the student, that person could help with homework. This relationship may help cut down on stress.
★40
Everyone needs a break from work. Family meals and outings can help everyone relax. A family game night or walk in a park together can give parents and children a chance to have fun as a family. If a student has hours of homework to complete, taking several 10-minute breaks can reduce stress.
A. Take a break!
B. Have fun with family.
C. In this way, students can become more familiar with the environment.
D. The conversations can also reduce nervousness and stress among the students.
E. Older students help younger ones understand the rules and culture of the school
F. However, schools, teachers, parents and children can all help o relieve the stress.
G. Parents are advised not to over-load their children with extra-curricular activities.
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题15分，满分30分）
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A boy on in-line skates moved quickly and crashed into me before I could jump out of the way. We fell down and the 41 I’d been carrying flew from my hands and 42 hard on the ground. The Skater got up, 43 “sorry”, and sped off.
“Oh, no! Look at Mom’s 44 !” Aiden’s face was red.
I 45 the crashed box and opened it. The drinking glasses inside were 46 . I closed
the box and 47 it in a garbage can on the sidewalk. I wished I could throw something 48 the wall and scream, but I couldn’t. I’m the older one. I had to 49 it together. We’d saved our money for weeks to buy 50 with pink flowers on them for Mother’s Day. I remembered how Mom had been before the divorce. She used to joke around and 51 a lot. Now she had a 52 worry line between her eyes and hardly ever smiled.
“Mom would have 53 those glasses.” Aiden’s lower lip trembled.
We didn’t have any 54 left. I swallowed hard and knew I had to think of something fast.
“Maybe we can make a present for Mom.” I said, trying to 55 Aiden.
Aiden’s eyes lit up and soon a(n) 56 was starting to form in my head.
The next morning, Aiden handed Mom the card he’d 57 with pictures of pink flowers on it. I presented mine with 58 .
Mom pulled us into a 59 . “Pink flowers and riddles are my favourite. My dear, you’ve made me so happy.” Seeing Mom’s 60 smile, we were delighted too.
41. A. bill B. skate C. box D. bird
42. A. escaped B. landed C. floated D. poured
43. A. spelt B. cried C. whispered D. sounded
44. A. savings B. flowers C. cake D. present
45. A. laid down B. picked up C. threw off D. spread out
46. A. broken B. removed C. filled D. melted
47. A. covered B. left C. marked D. collected
48. A. in B. off C. against D. along
49. A. hold B. afford C. avoid D. share
50. A. clothes B. vases C. cards D. glasses
51. A. complain B. eat C. laugh D. travel
52. A. wide B. short C. long D. deep
53. A. repaired B. loved C. bought D. sold
54. A. money B. food C. time D. strength
55. A. call off B. cheer up C. chat with D. apologize to
56. A. idea B. performance C. image D. scene
57. A. played B. bought C. made D. signed
58. A. words B. riddles C. coins D. drawings
59. A. dance B. chat C. cheer D. hug
60. A. weak B. strange C. rare D. shy
第II卷
注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个单词，或括号内单词的正确形式。
Thousands of hiking lovers gathered at Huangshan Mountain to attend the 13th International Mountaineering Festival on Sunday.
Huangshan Mountain is famous for 61 four unique scenes: strangely-shaped rocks, ancient pines, seas of clouds, and hot springs. 62 (base) on their unique appearances, over 120 rocks in Huangshan 63 (give) creative and artistic names such as “flying-over rock” a nd “monkey watching the sea.” The Huangshan pines are a uniquely classified tree species, 64 don’t grow in the earth, but root on steep cliffs（悬崖）. As the clouds are often lower than the peaks of the mountains, the mountaintops look as though they were islands 65 (float) in a sea of mist. 66 best time to appreciate this phenomenon is from November to May, especially after rainy days, as well as at sunrise or sunset. Regularly, Huangshan’s 67 (nature) hot springs are used by visitors to relax 68 the tiredness of climbing.
Among the most popular tourist 69 (destination) in China, Huangshan Mountain, with breathtaking scenery and rich culture, holds this year’s mountaineering festival to encourage the 70 (develop) of recreational sports and national fitness.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的作文。文中共有1 0处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（/\），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词。
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last s ummer, I go to my friend’s village and watched Qinqiang, a kind of opera once popular in Shaanxi and neighboring provinces around them. The atmosphere there were very lively and pleasant. Fortunately, Qinqiang has lost its popularity nowadays and many of the opera houses have been left abandon. There seem to be various of reasons and the main one is what we have many other amusements to choose from. However, Qinqiang is one of most important cultural relic in China. What can we do to keep this traditional culture from die out?
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
电影“Lady
Bird”讲述的是高三女生Christine叛逆冒险的故事。在生活中，她与妈妈Marion冲突不断，但得到了父亲Larry的理解、支持和引导。假设你是高中生李华，你从学校网站得知校英语戏剧社要排演该片的部分情节，现面向全校招选演员。请你写一封邮件申请出演某一角色。要点如下：
1. 申请理由；
2. 自身优势；
3. 希望获准。
注意：1. 词数：100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, a girl/boy from Class 5 Grade 3. ____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________ ______________
_______________________________________________________________________________ ______________
_______________________________________________________________________________ ______________
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
河北省唐山市2018届高三上学期期末考试英语试题
参考答案
1. A
2. A
3. B
4. C
5. C
6. A
7. B
8. C
9. B
10. A 11. A 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B 16. C 17. B 18. A
19. C 20. C 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A
28. C 29. B 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B 36. F
37. C 38. D 39. G 40. A 41. C 42. B 43. C 44. D 45. B
46. A 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. D 53. B 54. A
55. B 56. A 57. C 58. B 59. D 60. C
语法填空：
61. its 62. Based 63. are given/have been given 64. which 65. floating
66. The 67. natural 68. from 69. destination s 70. development
短文改错
Last summer, I go to my friend’s village and watched Qinqiang, a kind of opera
went
once popular in Shaanxi and neighboring provinces around them. The atmosphere there were very
it was lively and pleasant. Fortunately, Qinqiang has lost its popularity nowadays and many of the opera Unfortunately
we have many other amusements to choose from. However, Qinqiang is one of /\most
the
relics dying
One possible version
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, a girl/boy from Class 5 Grade 3. I have learnt from the website of our school that the English Drama Club is going to rehearse the play Lady Bird. I’m writing to apply for the role Christine/Marion/Larry because I have great interest in acting.
I think I’m qualified for the role. First, I’ll ha ve no difficulty with the lines because of my fluent English and good memory. Secondly, having watched this movie three times, I’m familiar with plots and understand the character exactly, which contributes to acting. Besides, I have performed in class before and received high praise.
So I’m your best choice. Please take me into your consideration. I’d appreciate it if you could offer me this chance.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
高三上学期期末英语试题 第一部分单项选择题。（30分） ( )1. —— What about_______ dress? — Oh, it’s so beautiful. She must be happy to get that dress as ____ birthday present. A. a; a B. the : a C. a; the D. the; the ( )2. —— I went to the library yesterday. —— Oh, did you? _____________ . A. So am I B. So did I C. So I did D. So was I ( )3. She seemed ________and said __________, “I’ve lost my new bike.” A. sad; sadly B. sadly; sad C. sad; sad D. sadly; sadly ( )4. The girls of our class enjoy＿＿Ping Pong after class. A. play B. to play C. playing D. played ( )5. —— You look very beautiful in that red dress. —— _____________ . A. No, not beautiful. B. Thank you. C. Tha t’s not true. D. Sorry, you’re wrong. ( )6. I wish I ________ you the news before you knew it. A. told B. could told C. have told D. had told ( )7. He ate some rice in the bowl. The rest _____________ for his brother. A. is left B. was left C. are left D. were left ( )8. It ___________ me three hours to finish the homework. It is really tiring. A. took B. spend C. pay D. waste ( )9. Her English teacher ___________ to be a good teacher. A. thinks B. thought C. is thought D. had thought ( )10. He drives _______ than he did before the accident. A. carefully B. more careful C. more carefully D. much carefully ( )11. He came back to his hometown, ________ was located in the city. A. what B. that C. where D. which ( )12. Please write to me when you are free. I _______ to hearing from you. A. would like B. am looking forward C. am expecting D. want ( )13. The more you read, the_______ you’ll feel in writing compositions. A. more B. faster C. easier D. quicker ( )14. I asked him how long he __________ his new car. A. had bought B. had got C. had had D. has had ( )15. Is there _________ in today’s news paper? A. anything special B. nothing special C. special anything D. something special ( )16. They seldom quarrel, ________ they? A. are B. don’t C. do D. aren’t ( )17. I found ______ impossible for ________to work out the math problem in half an hour. A. it; he B. that; he C. that; him D. it; him ( )18. It’s going to rain; ______ forget to bring your raincoat or umbrella. A. no B. not C. don’t D./ ( )19. It's very nice ______ you to _______ me about it. A. for; tell B. of; say C. to; speak D. of ; tell ( )20. The weather report says it _____tomorrow. A. is going to rain B. rains C. rain D. raining ( )21. --- Sorry to have hurt you. --- __________.You didn’t mean to, did you? A. Forget it B. No problem C. All right D. Don’t say so ( )22. ________ of the students are girls, and the rest ______ boys. A. Two third, is B. The two third, are C. Two thirds, are D. Two thirds, is ( ) 23. A new cinema ________ here. They hope to finish it next month. A. will be built B. is built C. has been built D. is being built ( )24. --- What do you think of the book? --- Oh, excellent. It’s worth _________ a second time． A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read ( )25. I was just about to leave _______ the telephone rang. A. since B. while C. because D. when ( )26. Please look ____ the blackboard and listen ______ the teacher. A. for, for B. after , for C. at , to D. to , at ( )27.―The air is full of smoke and people are coughing. ―It’ll get worse the government does something about pollution. A. but B. unless C. besides D. except ( )28.Not only I but also Jane tired of having one examination after another. A. is B. are C. am D. to be ( )29.The teacher asked us to write a article. A. two-thousands-word B. two-hundred-word C. two-hundreds-words D. two-thousand-words ( )30.Let’s help the blind cross the street, ? A. will you B. shall we C. won’t you D. shan’t 第二部分完形填空1篇: 。(每小题1.5分,共30分) The other day, my friends and I had a heated discussion. We talked a lot 31 school life. At our school. we have to 32 uniforms every day. The problem is 33 all my classmates think the uniforms(制服)are 34 .We think young people should 35 smart and we would like to wear our own 36 .Our 37 believe that if we did that, we would fix 38 attention on our studies. We 39 . But we would feel more comfortable in our own
辽宁省五校2018届高三英语上学期期末考试试题 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分^满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.15. C. ￡9.18. 答案是B。 1. What does the man like about the play? A. The story. B. The ending. C. The actor. 2. Which place are the speakers trying to find? A. A hotel. B. A bank. C. A restaurant. 3. At what time will the two speakers meet? A. 5:20. B. 5:10. C. 4:40. 4. What will the man do? A. Change the plan. B. Wait for a phone call. C. Sort things out. 5. What does the woman want to do? A. See a film with the man. B. Offer the man some help. C. Listen to some great music. 第二节：（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6、7题。 6. Where is Ben?
江苏省常州市2020届高三上学期期末考试 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分．满分120分，考试时间100分钟． 第Ⅰ卷(选择题共31分) 一、单项选择题：本题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分．每小题只有一个选项符合题意． 1. 电容器是非常重要的电学元件，通过充电使一电容器的带电量变为原来的2倍，则该电容器的() A. 电容变为原来的2倍 B. 电压变为原来的2倍 C. 耐压变为原来的4倍 D. 场强变为原来的4倍 2. 吊床是人们喜爱的休闲方式．设吊床被轻绳吊在两棵竖直的树干上，如图所示为人躺在该吊床上平衡后的情景，关于树干受到绳拉力的水平分量和竖直分量，根据情景可以判定() A. 左侧受到的水平分力较大 B. 右侧受到的水平分力较大 C. 左侧受到的竖直分力较大 D. 右侧受到的竖直分力较大 3. 光敏电阻是一种对光敏感的元件，典型的光敏电阻在没有光照射时其电阻可达100 KΩ，在有光照射时其电阻可减小到100 Ω，小明同学用这样的光敏电阻和实验室里0.6 A量程的电流表或3 V量程的电压表，定值电阻以及两节干电池，设计一个比较灵敏的光照强度测量
计，下列电路可行的是() 4. 我国在2018年5月21日发射了嫦娥四号的中继星“鹊桥”，为我国嫦娥四号卫星在月球背面的工作提供通信支持．“鹊桥”号随月球同步绕地球运动，并绕地月连线的延长线上的一点(拉格朗日点L2)做圆周运动，轨道被称为“晕轨道”，万有引力常量为G.下列说法正确的是() A. 静止在地球上的观察者认为“鹊桥”号做圆周运动 B. “鹊桥”号受地球引力、月球引力和向心力作用 C. 已知月球绕地球公转的周期和半径可以求得地球质量 D. 已知“鹊桥”号的周期和轨道半径可以测得月球质量 5. 如图所示，在地面上空以初速度v0水平抛出一个质量为m的小球，小球下落过程中，其动能E k、重力势能E p、重力的功率P、重力的功W与时间t的关系图象中，正确的是()
浙江省杭州市2018届高三上学期期末教学质量检测 语文试题卷 考生须知： 1.本试卷分试题卷和答题卷，满分150分，考试时间150分钟。 2.答题前，在答题卷密封区内填写学校、班级和姓名。 3.所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试题卷上无效。 一、语言文字运用（共20分） 1．下列各句中，没有错别字且加点字的注音全都正确的一项是（3分） A．面对安全生产问题，不可麻痹．（bì）大意、心存侥幸，更不能敷衍（yǎn）搪塞、推 卸责任，而应该积极防犯，将隐患消除在萌芽状态。 B．嫉．（jí）恶如仇、自命不凡而又滑稽可笑的堂吉诃德，模仿真正的骑士锄强扶弱，虽然以失败告终，其形象却至今熠．（yì）熠生辉。 C．有着混（hǔn）凝土式防守的意大利队倒在了世界杯大门口，让球迷潸然泪下，但相信有着深厚底蕴的“亚平宁雄鹰”终究会涅槃．（pán）重生。 D．春风和煦，绿树成荫，树上栖着几只雀儿，湖上掠过一群白鹭，年轻恋人湖边徜．（ch áng）徉，白发伴侣相偎小憩．（qī），这份悠闲正是西湖迷人之处。 阅读下面的文字，完后2—3题。 【甲】美学的基本概念、词汇很多来自日常语言，不免 ．．存在着多义性、隐喻性、含混性。 美学和文艺理论中的许多争论，主要就由此引发 ．．。【乙】例如前些年十分热闹的关于形象思维的讨论便相当典型，争论了半天，“形象思维”这个词究竟是什么意思？它包含哪几种不同含义？却并没弄清楚。 【丙】但另一方面，也不必因噎废食 ．．．．，不必因语词概念的多义含混而取消美学的生存；正如并不因为审美艺术领域内突出的个性差异和主观自由，便根本否认研究它的可能一样。事实上，尽管一直有各种怀疑和反对，迄今为止，并没有一种理论能够严格证实传统意义上的美学不能成立或不存在。相反，从古到今，关于美、审美和艺术哲学性的探索、讨论和研 究始终不绝如缕 ．．．．，许多时候还相当兴盛。 2．文段中加点的词，运用不正确的一项是（3分） A．不免 B．引发 C．因噎废食 D．不绝如缕 3．文段中画线的甲、乙、丙句，标点有误的一项是（2分） A．甲 B．乙 C．丙 4．下列各句中，没有语病的一项是（3分） A．号称“全球首家共享书店”的新华书店合肥三孝口店开启共享模式，初衷是降低阅读成本，提高阅读频次，从而提升大众阅读素养。 B．频频发生的虐童事件，不断突破人们心理承受的底线，暴露了幼儿教育存在的诸多问
高三上学期期末数学试题（理） 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共 150 分。考试时间 120分钟。 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共60 分） 注意事项： 1. 答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号、考试科目涂写在答题卡上. 2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案代号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，不能答在试题卷上. 一、选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题5分，共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的. 1.满足条件M ∪{1}＝{1,2,3}的集合M 的个数是( ) A ．1 B ．2 C ．3 D ．4 2.命题“存在x 0∈R, ≤0”的否定是( ) A ．不存在x 0∈R, ＞0 B ．存在x 0∈R, ≥0 C ．对任意的x ∈R,2x ≤0 D ．对任意的x ∈R,2x ＞0 3.设集合A 和B 都是自然数集合，映射f:A →B 把集合A 中的元素n 映射到集合B 中的元素2 n ＋n ，则在映射f 下，象20的原象是( ) A ．2 B ．3 C ．4 D ．5 4．函数y ＝ln cos x (－π2 2012河北唐山市商业市场调研报告 (上） 》》报告导读: 第一部分唐山城市研究 第二部分整体市场分析 第三部分城市商业调查 第四部分区域情况研究 第五部分项目业态建议 PART1——唐山城市研究 1、城市概况 唐山别称“凤凰城”， 是河北省的一个省辖市，素 有“京东宝地”之称，是具 有百年历史的中国沿海重 镇。在这里诞生了中国第一 座现代化煤井、第一条标准 轨铁路、第一台蒸汽机车、 第一袋水泥、第一件卫生陶瓷，唐山被誉为“中国近代工业的摇篮”。 2、城市历史 唐山，因市区中部的大城山（原名唐山）而得名。唐朝时，李世民两次东征，均屯兵现在市区的大城山，山赐唐姓，唐山由此而得名。 唐山历史悠久，早在 4 万年前就有人类劳作生息。商代属孤竹国，战国为燕地，汉代属幽州，清代分属直隶省永平府和遵化直隶州。 随着清代晚期“洋务运动”的兴起，清光绪三年（ 1877 年）在唐山设开平矿务局，引进西方先进技术，办矿挖煤。 1878 年唐山建乔屯镇，1889 年改名唐山镇，1938 年正式建市。 1978年3月11日，唐山市改为省辖市。1984年12月15日，国务院批准唐山市为全国13个“较大城市”之一。 3、城市地位 唐山作为河北省经济中心，是联接华北、东北两大地区的咽喉要地和极其重要的走廊。 唐山是中国重要的沿海港口城市，环渤海区域中心城市，河北省域中心城市，是中国北方重要的的对外门户；也是东北亚重要的航运中心、物流中心、环渤海新型工业化基地。 4、城市位置 唐山市位处环渤海湾中心地带（南部为著名的唐山湾），东至秦皇岛125公里，南距渤海40公里，西南至天津108公里，至省会石家庄366公里，西北至北京154公里，是联接华北、东北两大地区的咽喉要地和极其重要的走廊。 5、城市交通 唐山市地处交通要塞，是华北地区通往东北地区的咽喉地带。铁路、公路、高速公路、港口相互交织。 京哈、京山、大秦、七滦、迁曹、滦港铁路纵横穿越全境。京沈、津唐、唐港、唐承、沿海高速公路与环城高速公路、国道相交连接，形成网络，四通八 高三上学期 期末考试语文试卷 （考试范围：高三复习适用班级：高三学年普通、艺术、体育班） 甲必考题 一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1—3题。 人类是唯一会脸红的动物 人类是唯一会脸红的动物，达尔文把这一行为称作“最独特和最具人类特征的表情”。达尔文早在研究进化论时就已注意到这个问题了。他发现，不论是哪个国家、哪个民族的人，在感到难为情时都会面红耳赤，而包括一些灵长类在内的高级动物却不会出现脸红的状态。达尔文解释不了这种奇怪的现象。著名生物学家、美国埃默里大学的弗朗斯·德瓦尔教授也把脸红描述为“进化史上最大的鸿沟”之一。他说：“我们是唯一对尴尬情境或者谎言被揭穿时脸会变红的灵长类动物。”可是，为什么我们需要这种表达内心情感的信号呢？ 科学家经过研究发现，脸红是由人的大脑决定的。当遇到特殊刺激时，人们通过眼睛、耳朵等感受器官把刺激信号传给大脑皮质，而大脑皮质的一个重要的作用就是刺激肾上腺，而肾上腺受到刺激，就会分泌出肾上腺素。肾上腺素在体内由酪氨酸转变而来，它的作用特点是，少量分泌时能够使血管扩张，尤其引起脸部的皮下小血管扩张；可是大量分泌肾上腺素的时候，反而会使血管收缩。当外界刺激比如害羞等信号传入大脑的时候会分泌少量肾上腺素，就引起面部血管扩张，血流增加，血的颜色是红的，所以容易引起心理性脸红。 科学家认为，如果用“险恶、野蛮和无礼”来描述人类早期社会是正确的话，那么冒犯是可能导致暴力冲突的。结果，人类就发展出了表达歉意的方法，以告诉别人他们为自己所做的事而感到后悔。 想想你们家那条狗的表现，当它在你的院子里刨坑被你发现时，它就在地上打滚。你的狗躺在地上向你展示它的肚子，告诉你它不想在此时挑战你的愤怒——这是痛悔的表示。对大多数人来说，很难对一条在地上翻滚的狗继续保持愤怒。与此类似，脸红可能是人为自己的错误行为而懊悔的标志。通过脸红，我们可以告诉别人我们认识到了自己做得不对，我们 江苏省镇江市2020届高三上学期期末考试 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分．满分120分，考试时间100分钟． 第Ⅰ卷(选择题共40分) 一、单项选择题：本题共5小题，每小题4分，共20分．每小题只有一个选项符合题意． 1. 一电器中的变压器可视为理想变压器，它将220 V交变电压变为22 V，已知变压器原线圈匝数为1 000，则副线圈匝数为() A. 50 B. 100 C. 500 D. 2 000 2. 一质量为m的汽车以2v的速度经过拱形桥面顶端时对桥面的压力为零，重力加速度为 g.则该汽车以速度v经过顶端时对桥面的压力F为() A. 0.25mg B. 0.5mg C. 0.75mg D. mg 3. 一矩形线框在匀强磁场中绕垂直于磁场方向的轴匀速转动时，产生的正弦交流电压u随时间t变化的关系如图所示．下列说法正确的是() A. 该交流电的频率为100 Hz B. t＝0时刻，线框平面与磁场方向平行 C. 用交流电压表测量该电压时示数为220 V D. 电压瞬时值表达式为u＝220sin 100πt(V) 4. 如图所示，两个质量均为m的物块P、Q叠放在光滑的水平面上，物块间的动摩擦因数为μ.若用水平外力F将物块Q从物块P的下方抽出，抽出过程中P、Q的加速度分别为a P、a Q，且a Q＝2a P，重力加速度为g，则F的大小为() A. μmg B. 1.5μmg C. 2μmg D. 3μmg 5. 如图所示为火星绕太阳运动的椭圆轨道，M、N、P是火星依次经过的三位置，F1、F2为椭圆的两个焦点．火星由M到N和由N到P的过程中，通过的路程相等，火星与太阳中心的连线扫过的面积分别为S1和S2.已知由M到N过程中，太阳的引力对火星做正功．下列判断正确的是() A. 太阳位于焦点F1处 B. S1>S2 C. 在M和N处，火星的动能E kM>E kN D. 在N和P处，火星的加速度a N>a P 二、多项选择题：本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分．每小题有多个选项符合题意，全部选对的得5分，选对但不全的得3分，错选或不答的得0分． 6. 如图所示，通过较长的输电线给电阻丝M、N供电，保持输电电压U0不变，输电线电阻不可忽略，闭合开关S，两电阻丝均正常工作．现断开开关S，下列判断正确的是() 东城区2017—2018学年度第一学期期末教学统一检测 高三数学（理科）2018.1 第一部分（选择题共40分） 一、选择题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分。在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出符合题目要求的一项。 （1）已知集合，则 A. B. C. D. （2）函数图像的两条相邻对称轴之间的距离是 A. B. C. D. （3）执行如图所示的程序框图，输出的值为 A. B. C. D. （4）若满足，则的最小值为 A. B. C. D. （5）已知函数，则的 A.图像关于原点对称，且在上是增函数 B. 图像关于轴对称，且在上是增函数 C. 图像关于原点对称，且在上是减函数 D. 图像关于轴对称，且在上是减函数 （6）设为非零向量，则“”是“”的 A.充分不必要条件 B.必要不充分条件 C.充分必要条件 D.既不充分也不必要条件 （7）某三棱锥的三视图如图所示，该三棱锥的体积为 A. B. C. D. （8）现有个小球，甲、乙两位同学轮流且不放回抓球，每次最少抓1个球，最多抓3个球，规定谁抓到最后一个球赢.如果甲先抓，那么下列推断正确的是 A. 若，则甲有必赢的策略 B. 若，则乙有必赢的策略 C. 若，则甲有必赢的策略 D. 若，则乙有必赢的策略 第二部分（非选择题共110分） 二、填空题共6小题，每小题5分，共30分。 （9）若复数为纯虚数，则实数. （10）在的展开式中，的系数等于. （11）已知是等差数列，为其前项和，若，则. （12）在极坐标系中，若点在圆外，则的取值范围为. （13）双曲线的一个焦点到它的一条渐近线的距离为1，则；若 双曲线与不同，且与有相同的渐近线，则的方程可以是. （14）如图1，分别以等边三角形的每个顶点为圆心、以边长为半径，在另两个顶 点间作一段弧，三段弧围成的曲边三角形称为勒洛三角形，等边三角形的中心称为勒洛三角形的中心.如图2，勒洛三角形夹在直线和直线之间， 且沿轴滚动，设其中心的轨迹方程为，则的最小正周期为； 对的图像与性质有如下描述： ①中心对称图形；②轴对称图形；③一条直线；④最大值与最小值的和为 2. 其中正确结论的序号为.（注：请写出所有正确结论的序号） 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分7.5 分） 听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the girl do? A. Stay at home. B. See a doctor. C. Go to school. 2. What is the problem with the house according to the woman? A. The price of the house. B. The ownership of the house. C. The quality of the house. 3. What does the woman mean? A. She refuses to make peace with Jack. B. She wants Jack to keep the secret for them. C. She wants to keep the secret forever. 4. What is the current price of the suitcase? A. 25 dollars. B. 35 dollars. C. 50 dollars. 5. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Attend a meeting. B. Call on him. C. Buy a house. 第二节（共15 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分22.5 分） 听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、 高三期末考试物理试卷 第Ⅰ卷(选择题共40分) 选择题：本题共10小题每小题4分，共40分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，第1~6小题只有一个选项正确，第7~10小题有多个选项正确；全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，有选错或不答的得0分。 1.许多物理学家为人类科技的发展作出了重大的贡献。下列说法正确的是 A.法拉第发现了电磁感应现象，揭示了电生磁的规律 B.爱因斯坦提出了光子说，成功地解释了光电效应的实验规律 C.牛顿利用扭秤首先测定了引力常量 D.楞次首先引入了电场概念，并提出用电场线表示电场 2.变压器线圈中的电流越大，所用的导线应当越粗。街头见到的变压器是降压变压器，假设它只有一个原线圈和一个副线圈，则 A.副线圈的导线应当粗些，且副线圈的匝数少 B.副线圈的导线应当粗些，且副线圈的匝数多 C.原线圈的导线应当粗些，且原线圈的匝数少 D.原线圈的导线应当粗些，且原线圈的匝数多 3.如图所示，质量分别为2m 和3m 的两个小球置于光滑水平面上，且固定在劲度系数为k 的轻质弹簧的两端。现在质量为2m 的小球上沿弹簧轴线方向施加大小为F 的水平拉力，使两球一起做匀加速直线运动，则此时弹簧的伸长量为 A.k F 5 B. k F 52 C. k F 53 D. k F 4.如图所示，两小球从斜面的顶点先后以不同的初速度向右水平抛出，在斜面上的落点分别是a 和b ，不计空气阻力。关于两小球的判断正确的是 A.落在b 点的小球飞行过程中速度变化快 B.落在a 点的小球飞行过程中速度变化大 C.小球落在a 点和b 点时的速度方向不同 D 两小球的飞行时间均与初速度v 0成正比 5.2018年7月10日，我国在西昌卫星发射中心使用长征三号甲运载火箭，成功发射北斗卫星导航系统的第32颗卫星。作为北斗二号卫星的“替补”星，这名北斗“队员”将驰骋天疆，全力维护北斗卫星导航系统的连续稳定运行。若这颗卫星在轨运行的周期为T ，轨道半径为r ，地球的半径为R ，则地球表面的重力加速度为 A.22324R T r π B. R T r 2324π C. r T r 2324π D. 223 24r T r π 6.图示是在平直公路上检测某新能源动力车的刹车性能时，动力车刹车过程中的位移x 和时间t 的比值t x 与t 之间的关系图象。下列说法正确的是 A.刚刹车时动力车的速度大小为10m/s B.刹车过程动力车的加速度大小为2m/s 2 C.刹车过程持续的时间为5s D.整个刹车过程动力车经过的路程为40m 7.下列说法正确的是 A.一个中子和一个质子结合生成氘核时，会发生质量亏损 B.一个处于n=4能级的氢原子向低能级跃迁，可能产生6种不同频率的光子 C.氡(222 86Rn)衰变的半衰期为3.8天，升高温度后其半衰期仍为3.8天 D.核反应31H+21H→42He+1 0n 是裂变 8.某带电金属棒所带电荷均匀分布，其周围的电场线分布如图所示，在金属棒的中垂线上的两条电场线上有A 、B 两点，电场中另有一点C 。已知A 点到金属棒的距离大于B 点到金属棒的距离，C 点到金属棒的距离大于A 点到金属棒的距离，则 数学试题 (满分160分，考试时间120分钟) 参考公式： 锥体的体积公式V ＝1 3Sh ，其中S 是锥体的底面积，h 为锥体的高． 样本数据x 1，x 2，…，x n 的方差s 2 ＝ 1n (x i －x －)2，其中x －＝ 1n x i . 一、 填空题：本大题共14小题，每小题5分，共70分． (第3题) 1. 已知集合A ＝{－1，0，1}，B ＝{x|x 2 ＞0}，则A ∩B ＝________． 2. 若复数z 满足z ·i ＝1－i(i 是虚数单位)，则z 的实部为________． 3. 如图是一个算法的流程图，则输出S 的值是________． 4. 函数y ＝2x －1的定义域是________． 5. 已知一组数据17，18，19，20，21，则该组数据的方差是________． 6. 某校开设5门不同的选修课程，其中3门理科类和2门文科类，某同学从中任选2门课程学习，则该同学“选到文科类选修课程”的概率为________． 7. 已知函数f(x)＝? ????1 x －1 ，x ≤0，－x 2 3，x ＞0， 则f(f(8))＝________． 8. 函数y ＝3sin(2x ＋π 3)，x ∈[0，π]取得最大值时自变量x 的值为________． 9. 在等比数列{a n }中，若a 1＝1，4a 2，2a 3，a 4成等差数列，则a 1a 7＝________． 10. 已知cos （π 2 －α） cos α ＝2，则tan 2α＝________． 11. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，双曲线C ：x 2 a 2－y 2 b 2＝1(a ＞0，b ＞0)的右顶点为A ，过A 作x 轴的垂线与C 的一条渐近线交于点B.若OB ＝2a ，则C 的离心率为________． 2018届高三上学期期末考试语文试题 一、现代文阅读（35分） （一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1?3题。 当前，统筹推进世界一流大学和一流学科建设已成为我国高等教育发展的战略任务。统筹推进“双一流”建设，需要对中华优秀传统文化中的教育思想进行创造性转化、创新性发展。我国古代书院的优秀传统尤其是其中的“成人”教育理念，对当今教育颇有启发意义。。 书院“成人”教育的突出特点是去功利化。宋代大儒朱熹曾经严厉批评当时的官学已成为学生追求功名利禄之所，仅仅培养学生在科举考试中取得成功，这种教学只会“促其嗜利苟得、冒昧无耻之心，殊非国家之所以立学教人之本意也”。曾经主持复兴岳麓书院的张栻也明确反对功利化教育，认为书院教育“岂特使子群居佚谈，但为决科利禄计乎？”他和朱熹一样主张通过创办书院恢复孔子的“成人”教育理念。古代教育家批评的功利化教育，同样存在于当代教育中。例如，片面鼓励学生以考上重点大学为唯一目标，大学只是偏重于知识技能的教育培训，使得学校教育不能突出以人为核心，不能很好地培养学生的人格、能力、综合素质，促进学生全面发展。 古代书院强调人格教育的重要性。南宋时期的《白鹿洞书院揭示》综合了早期儒家“成人之教”的教育理念，特别强调人格教育的重要性，要求学生“言忠信，行笃敬；惩忿窒欲，迁善改过”“正其义，不谋其利；明其道，不计其功”，从自我修身、待人接物等多方面对学生进行引导。南宋理学代表人物陆九渊明确反对片面的知识教育，强调读书多少并不是衡量一个人品质高下的唯一标准；读书不多的普通人，只要心地纯正，也可以成为君子。他创建象山精舍讲学，就是为了实践其教育理念。当代教育也不同程度地存在忽视人格教育的问题，出现了片面知识化、商业化的倾向。这实际上也是一个世界性问题。当今中国教育可以吸收古代书院重视人格教育的优良传统，努力实现立德树人的目标。 古代书院还将“成人之教”引向家国情怀培养。书院教育的“成人”并不是“独善其身”的自我人格完善，而是要求将自我人格的完善与家国天下的事业结合起来。史书记载：“长沙之陷，岳麓诸生，荷戈登陴，死者十九，惜乎姓名多无考。”宋末岳麓书院学生参加抗元斗争，大都壮烈牺牲，这正是“见危授命”的“成人”作为。2010年，联合国教科文组织主主持召开教育面向21世纪国际研讨会，将“学会关心”作为本世纪教育的基本方向，与会专家学者希望教育学生关心他人、关心社会和国家、关心人类的生存条件，等等。这正与我国人文教育传统相呼应。 （朱汉民《书院“成人”教育理念的当代启示》）1．下列关于原文内容的理解和分析，正确的一项是（）（3分） A．作者强调古代书院教育的启发意义，旨在引起人们对我国高等教育所存在问题的关注。 B．宋代的官学成了学生追求功名利禄之所，大儒朱熹曾经对此提出过严厉的批评。 C．陆九渊反对片面的知识教育，强调从自我修身、待人接物等多方面对学生进行引导。 D．不只在中国，在世界范围内，当代教育部或多或少地存在着忽视人格教育的问题。 2．下列对原文论证的相关分析，不正确的一项是（）（3分） A．义章从去功利化、强调人格教育和培养家国情怀三个方面阐述了书院“成人”教育对当今教育的启发意义。 B．文章二至四段在论述书院“成人”教育的启发意义时，都采用了古今对比的论证方法，使文章有较强的说服力。 2020届四川省宜宾市第四中学校高三上学期期末考试 理综生物试题 1．下列现象不能体现反馈调节机制的是 A．人体代谢产生的CO2可调节呼吸频率 B．害虫数量增加引起食虫鸟数量增加，进而害虫种群的增长受抑制 C．抗利尿激素含量的变化可调节尿量变化维持细胞外液渗透压相对稳定 D．植物的遗体被分解者分解产生的无机物，又可被植物利用 2．下列有关实验的说法正确的是 A．黑藻是观察真核细胞叶绿体和线粒体的好材料 B．用醋酸洋红液对紫色洋葱鳞片叶的内表皮细胞进行染色，可观察到细胞核被染成红色 C．用健那绿染色后在光学显微镜下可看到线粒体内膜某些部位向内腔折叠形成的嵴 D．测定酵母菌的呼吸作用时，溴麝香草酚蓝水溶液由蓝变绿再变黄，说明酵母菌的呼吸作用速率不断增强3．为了研究水生生物对富营养化水体中磷的去除作用，研究人员从某城市内河中取水样分别设置水葫芦、鲢鱼、“水葫芦+鲢鱼”等不同处理组进行实验，分别取样检测水体中总磷浓度变化，结果如图。下列相关叙述错误的是 A．对照处理的水体中不含水生生物，总磷浓度上升 B．第2、3、4次检测结果显示水葫芦单独处理能降低总磷浓度 C．为保护内河生态环境稳定，需控制水葫芦和鲢鱼的投放数量 D．“水葫芦+鲢鱼”的处理方法，对水体中磷去除效果要优于水葫芦单独处理 4．如图为某细胞物质跨膜运输的示意图，下列有关叙述正确的是 A．物质甲进出该细胞均不需要消耗能量 B．载体①与载体②都运载物质甲，因此没有特异性 C．若温度升高，物质甲进出该细胞的速率可能会加快 D．若③在神经细胞中起作用，则该神经细胞正在产生动作电位 5．下列有关现代生物进化理论的叙述，错误的是 A．自然选择直接作用于个体的表现型，进而导致种群基因频率的改变 北京市海淀区2018届高三上学期期末考试 地理试题 第Ⅰ卷（选择题共40分） 本卷共20小题，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。请将所选答案前的字母填写在答题纸上（每小题2分，多选、错选、漏选，该小题均不得分）。 下图表示“2017年世界部分国家人口的出生率、死亡率和人口密度”。读图，回答下面小题。 1. 图中 A. 科威特的人口增长速度最快 B. 发达国家均呈现人口负增长 C. 俄罗斯人口增长特点导致就业压力大 D. 尼日利亚的人口自然增长属过渡模式 2. 图示国家中 A. 中国因消费水平高，环境承载力小 B. 俄罗斯因人口密度最小，环境承载力最小 C. 日本因地域开放程度高，人口合理容量大 D. 人口合理容量大的国家人口密度均大 【答案】1. D 2. C【解析】考查人口增长模式，环境承载力，人口合理容量。 1. 读图可知，尼日尔的人口增长速度最快，A错误；发达国家不都是人口负增长，如美国，B错误；俄罗斯人口增长特点是增长缓慢导致出现人口老龄化严重，劳动力不足，C错误；尼日利亚的人口自然增长是高出生率、低死亡率、高自然增长率，属过渡模式。D正确。故选D。 2. 影响环境承载力的因素主要有资源、科技、消费水平、地区开放程度等。中国是发展中国家，消费水平不高，A错误；环境承载力与人口密度关系不大，B错误；地域开放程度越高，可利用的资源越多，故日本因地域开放程度高，人口合理容量大，C正确；人口合理容量与人口密度没有必然联系，D错误。故选C。 2017年10月29日，第二十八届世界人口大会在南非举行，大会关注人口迁移问题。人口重心变动可反映人口空间分布的变化。左图为“南非人口密度及人口重心变动图”，右图为“南非耕地和年降水量分布图”。读图，回答下面小题。 3. 南非人口稠密地区 ①终年温和湿润②均为凉爽的高原③开发历史早④农业基础好 A. ①② B. ③④ C. ①③ D. ②④ 4. 依据1996-2011年南非人口重心变动情况，推断南非的人口迁移 河北省唐山市中心城区总体规划 未旭曦 一城镇概况 唐山是一座具有百年历史的沿海重工业城市。地处环渤海湾中心地带，南临渤海，北依燕山，东与秦皇岛市接壤，西与北京、天津毗邻，是联接华北、东北两大地区的咽喉要地和走廊。唐山市市域中心城市由中心区、古冶区、丰润区组成。二规划背景 2002年，唐山市进行了行政区划调整，将丰润县和丰南市划入唐山市区，原为丰南市改为丰南区，原丰润县与新区合并为丰润区；同时随着曹妃甸的发展拟成立曹妃甸新区。行政区划的调整拓展了城市发展空间，为在更大范围内实现城市合理布局，基础设施共建共享创造了有利条件。 国家“十一五”明确提出“京津冀城镇群”作为国家增长极，标志着国家区域发展重点从南高北低向南北均衡发展的转变；京津冀城镇群经济职能强化，推动城镇格局进一步调整；河北省大力推出向沿海发展战略，全力打造沿海经济隆起带；区域之间的联系迅速加强，京津唐秦之间的城际铁路建设在即。唐山的发展必须呼应区域格局变化，谋求在区域发展中发挥更大的作用。 三规划依据与总体目标 规划依据 （1）《中华人民共和国城乡规划法》（2008年） （2）建设部《城市规划编制办法》（2005年） （3）建设部《城市规划编制办法实施细则》（1995年） （4）建设部《城镇体系规划编制审批办法》（1994年） （5）国务院《关于进一步加强城市规划工作的通知》（1996年18号文）（6）建设部《关于改进和完善城市总体规划上报材料的通知》（建规[1999]135号） （7）《国务院关于加强城乡规划监督管理的通知》（国发[2002]13号） （8）《关于贯彻落实〈国务院关于加强城乡规划监督管理的通知〉的通知》（建规[2002]204号，建设部、中央编办、国家计委、财政部、监察部、国土资源部、文化部、国家旅游局、国家文物局文件） （9）建设部《关于印发〈近期建设规划工作暂行办法〉、〈城市规划强制性内容暂行规定〉的通知》（建规[2002]218号） （10）建设部《关于同意修编唐山市城市总体规划的通知》（建办规函[2002]571号） （11）《唐山市城市总体规划（1994—2010年）》 （12）河北省、唐山市“十一五”计划 （13）《河北省城镇体系规划》（2006—2020年） （14）国家其他有关法规和技术规范 （15）河北省人民政府关于进一步加强城市绿化工作的意见（冀政[2001]65号）（16）河北省关于城市总体规划编制的相关技术要求 总体目标 完善城市功能，提升城市品位，改善人居环境，塑造城市特色，构建与区域经济布局和城市安全目标相契合的优良城市空间形态。 中心城区要积极转型升级，提升城市综合实力，尤其是加快服务业的发展，增强河北唐山市商业市场调研报告(上)
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