高考短文改错技巧
短文改错考查学生在语篇中综合运用英语的准确性。
设题一般包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等。
通常是学生在英语运用中常见的错误。
通过对近三年的短文改错题的分析，可以预测2017年短文改错的命题趋向将主要体现在以下几个方面：1．命题难度基本保持稳定，体裁多以贴近学生生活的记叙文、应用文为主。
文章一般为100词左右。
2．错误设置类型相对稳定，常见类型有：错词、多词、少词。
3．考查内容覆盖面广，分布合理，但有所侧重。
从时态、语态、非谓语动词到各类词法(包括动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词、冠词、介词、关联词等)、句法等，均有所考查。
4．考查考生对文章中心思想的把握，以及对文章的整体理解与结构的分析判断。
【考点概览】
1，名词：主要是查名词是否可数，与其修饰语是否一致。
eg: 1) I have many hobby, such as football, sing, listen music.
Hobby是可数名词，在这要用复数形式；playing football是一项运动，football只是一种球；sing和listen to 要用动名词形式。
2) Do exercises do good to our healthy. exercise作运动讲是不可数名词，do exercise作主语要用动名词形式，谓动用单数；healthy是形容词，这里要用名词形式。
3) Reading books is one of my hobby.
one of 后的名词应用复数形式。
2.代词：对于短文中出现的每一个代词都要查一下它所指代的内容及在句中的作用，注意其数、格、词性是否正确和前后是否一致，常考的代词包括人称代词、指示代词、反身代词、关系代词及疑问代词等。
1).He drove too fast, and the police stopped her.
前面提到的是he而后面却用her来代，故应将her改为him.
2).This is the best film which I have ever seen.
先行词前有最高级修饰应用关系代词that 而不是which。
3. 冠词：英语中只有三个冠词，但用起来却很复杂，在短文改错中，错误不外乎该用冠词时没有用，不该用时却用了；该用an用了a，该用a(n)却用了the.
1) I meant to write letter and tell you all the things…
letter为可数名词,故write后应加a.
2) I like playing the football. 去the
3) He is a honest boy. a改为an
4，介词：检查介词主要是查介词与动词、形容词、名词的搭配，
介词惯用词组等是否正确。
1) I am writing to thank you with your kind help.
thank sb. for sth.为固定搭配，故应将with 改为for.
2) …I’m the happiest in all.
此句想表达的意思是“我是所有人中最高兴的”。
故应将in改为 of.
3) Under the help of my father, I …under 改为with
4) He went to Beijing in next Sunday. in 改为on
5，形容词、副词：形容词、副词的误用主要指在该用形容词的地方用了副词，该用副词的地方用了形容词。
改错行中出现形容词或副词时就要仔细分析该形容词或副词修饰什么，形式是否正确，是原级、比较级还是最高级。
形容词、副词误用也是常考的改错项目之一。
1) I had not interest in English .interest是名词，应用形容词no来修饰，而not是副词，副词不能修饰名
2) These are the happier girls I’ve ever seen.(NMET2007)
此处有I’ve ever seen限定，应用最高级，故happier应改为 happiest.
3) You can borrow a book very easy. easy 改为easily.
4) These books are very worth reading. 用well 修饰
6，连词：短文改错中出现连词就要判断连词用的是否正确，是否符合句子意思；连接的是词还是句子，是否符合逻辑关系。
此外如果是平行结构就要注意前后时态、语态、词性一致问题
平行结构常借助与并列连词and , or , but ,
not only…but also…, …not…but…, either…or…, neither …nor…, as well as等。
1) As it has been raining these days, so we have decided to put off our sports meeting.
由于前句有As引导原因状语从句，因此后句不能再用so,故应把so 去掉。
2) The population is growing, but the earth must support too many people.
根据上下文意思判断，前后两个并列分句不存在意义上的折，
所以but应改为and或so.这是典型的并列连词误用。
7，动词：动词错误在短文改错中所占比重最大，它所涉及的错误包括动词的时态、语态错误；易
1) 动词的时态、语态错误
a. I will write again and send you the photos we take together.
take photos动作发生在过去，应用过去时.
b. The book you borrowed from the library should
混动词的用法错误; 动词的第三人称单数错误；动词的非谓语形式，以及动词的句型搭配错误等。
在改错题中，动词方面的考查比例较大。
returned in five days.
根据本句意义，should后应加上been，构成被动语态。
c. In school, I often playing football for my friends.
playing改为 play; for 改为with
2) 易混动词使用错误
a. I persuaded him to stop smoking, but he didn’t listen.
persuade 意为“说服”，强调成功的结果，而根据下句 he
didn’t listen可知，劝说并没有成功，故应改persuaded为 advised.
b. You please rise your hands.
rise是不及物动词，而raise是及物动词，所以举手应用
raise your hands.这属于及物动词与不及物动词的误用。
3) 非谓语动词使用错误
a. We are looking forward to see you on the birthday party.
look forward to 中的to是介词，应加动名词，将see改为seeing.
b. I’m sorry I keep you wait for a long time .I got caught in the traffi
c.
在任何情况下keep均和doing连用，如keep doing sth.;
keep sb. (sth).doing sth. ;keep …from doing… 等.
c. I’d like to your pen friend, and get to know more about your country.
to后加be。
因其后是名词，而不是动词原形，不能直接用to.
8，词语固定搭配:
主要考查介词与动词、名词、形容词的固定搭配；副词、动词的固定搭配；及物动词后多介词或副词以及不及物动词后少介词，英语中的一些固定句型与习惯搭配等。
1) My teacher advised me to keep my diary.
keep a diary是固定搭配，意思是“写日记”.
2) In my surprise, he did very well in his previous job.
To one’s surprise 是固定搭配
3) I thought that was dull to watch a game…(NMET2005)
一、谓语动词
考点1 时态前后不一致
[典例1] When I was a child ，I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.(2015·全国Ⅰ)
分析：整个语境讲的就是过去的事情，所以think 也是当时的想法，故应该用一般过去时。
故think 改为thought 。
[典例2] In the mornings ，it was full of students exercising.The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid.Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees...(2015·浙江)
分析：从前一句中的it was 到后面一句的there was 可以判断整个语境应该是一般过去时，所以将is 改为was 。
考点2 缺少谓语或谓语动词形式错误
[典例1] We must found ways to protect our environment.(2015·全国Ⅰ)
分析：情态动词must 后应该跟动词原形，句中we 与find 之间为主谓关系，所以found 应改为find 。
[典例2] So real friendship should able to stand all sorts of tests.(2014·大纲全国)
分析：able 是形容词不能直接作谓语动词，其前应加be ，be able to do sth.意为“能够做某事”。
考点3 语态错误
[典例1] Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.(2015·全国Ⅰ)
分析：studies 与show 之间为主动关系，所以应该去掉been 。
[典例2] Tony was scared and begun to cry.(2015·全国Ⅱ
)
此题考查it 的功能，It + be + adj. + to do 为固定结构。
4) …the activities are not only enjoyable and also helpful.解析：
not only… but also…为固定结构，故将and 改为but.
5) I have no difficulty learn maths. have difficulty (in) doing sth.为固定结构 6) He spends too much time play games. spend some time (in) doing sth.为固定结构
分析：was scared与begun为并列谓语，scared为形容词，表示过去的动作或状态，begin的过去式是began，所以begun改为began。
考点4主谓不一致
[典例1] My dream school look like a big garden.(2014·新课标全国Ⅱ)
分析：整篇短文的语境为一般现在时，而且主语为第三人称单数My dream school，因此谓语动词应用looks。
[典例2] The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby.(2014·辽宁)
分析：本句主语为The early morning barking，baking为不可数名词作主语，故谓语动词have应改为has。
考点5情态动词误用以及虚拟语气
[典例1] If you are me，would you talk to them？(2015·四川)
分析：“如果你是我”这个假设一定是虚拟语气，表示与现在情况相反，所以are改为were。
[典例2] My punishment lasted a year.Meanwhile，I found out that with more patience I must make my toys last.My attitude changed from then on.(2012·新课标全国)
分析：must必须，一定，用在此处语境不合适。
句意为：同时，我发现耐心一些，我可以让我的玩具持久些。
所以应用could/might。
方法归纳：做动词类改错题时，需注意以下几个方面：
(1)判断一般现在时与一般过去时是否错用
(2)and，but，so，or等并列连词前后的时态是否一致
(3)除了时态，还要注意主谓是否一致
(4)看是否考查虚拟语气
(5)看谓语部分是否缺少动词，特别是be动词
(6)看动词的形式是否正确，尤其看第三人称单数形式是否错用
(7)看主动语态和被动语态是否错用。
改错(每小题1处错误)
1．As I tell you last time，I made three new friends here.
2．My soccer coach retired last week.I wanted to do something special for him at his retirement party.My mum makes the best biscuits in the world，so I decide to ask her for help.
3．Hello，boys and girls！Today，I am going to talk about what you should do when a fire alarm go off.
4．I was taking a train to London’s Victoria Station.I had noticed that the carriage was noisy and filled with people. 5．Suddenly...they were looked like rain！
二、非谓语动词
考点1动词不定式
[典例1] It’s been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.(2015·四川)
分析：want后跟带to的不定式作宾语。
故want与动词share之间加to。
[典例2] The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming.(2015·浙江)
分析：使役动词make后跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补，即make sb. do sth.，表示“使某人做某事”，故felt 改为feel。
考点2动词的-ing形式
[典例1] After looks at the toy for some time，he turned around and found...(2015·全国Ⅱ)
分析：从后面的谓语动词可知整个语境用的是一般过去时。
所以在looks前面加主语是不行的，所以只能改为非谓语动词作after的宾语。
故looks改为looking。
[典例2] Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner，which might not be served until 8 o’clock at night.(2013·新课标全国Ⅱ)
分析：分析句式结构可知句子的主语为Have tea in the late afternoon，所以应该用动名词形式作主语，即把Have 改为Having。
考点3动词的过去分词
[典例] I also shared with my friends many photos taking in Beijing.(2012·陕西)
分析：此处考查的是with复合结构，photos与take在逻辑上是动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词。
故把taking改为taken。
改错(每小题1处错误)
1．We’ve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars.
2．I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view.
3．I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.
4．My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter！
5．One evening at sunset，we sat by the fire，have our barbecue.
6．It is difficult to understanding why she barks every minute she’s outside.
三、名词
考点1 单复数或所有格错误
[典例1] The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.(2015·全国Ⅰ)
分析：由后面的定语从句we breathe 可知，此处先行词的意思是“空气”，air 当“空气”讲时为不可数名词。
故airs 改为air 。
[典例2] One day ，little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.It was...his parents were missing...Tony saw his parents.(2015·全国Ⅱ)
分析：从后文可以看出Tony 的父母一起和他去的商店，后文两次出现parents ，所以应该将parent 改为parents 。
[典例3] When I finally arrived at my friend he lent me lots of clothes.(2011·新课标全国)
分析：根据句意可知，当我最后到达“我朋友的家”(my friend ’s)，他借给我许多衣服。
故friend 应改为friend ’s 。
考点2 词性转换错误
[典例1] This made for the grow in the porcelain industry.(2013·新课标全国Ⅱ) 分析：定冠词the 后面应跟名词形式，故grow 应改为growth 。
[典例2] He has ruined his healthy.(2013·辽宁)
分析：在形容词性的物主代词后应用名词，所以应把healthy 改为health 。
方法归纳：遇到名词首先注意区分名词是可数名词还是不可数名词；其次还可以根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断。
此外，还要注意名词的所有格。
常考考点如下：
(1)在several ，few ，many ，one of ，a couple of ，three ，one and a half ，a large number of ，scores of ，dozens of 等词语后，或虽没有这些词但语境提示我们，本应接复数可数名词的，但文中却用了单数
方法归纳：句中已有谓语动词，若再出现动词，又没有并列连词，注意考虑非谓语动词形式，根据其在句中成分以及逻辑关系，来判断其形式是否正确。
做短文改错时，需注意一
下几个方面：
(1)作主语或宾语不能用动词原形，通常改为-ing 形式或不定式。
因在短文改错中，只能改
一个词，如果主语是原形，就只能改为-ing 形式了。
(2)熟记其后只能接-ing 或只能接to do 作宾语的动词。
(3)介词后要用动词的-ing 形式。
注意区分to 是介词还是不定式符号。
(4)一些固定短语或句式中的非谓语动词形式。
(5)根据非谓语动词或其逻辑主语的关系来确定用-ing 形式还是用-ed 形式。
(6)别混淆谓语动词与非谓语动词。
(2)像advice，fun，homework，information，news，progress，equipment，
furniture，baggage，luggage，jewellery，clothing等不可数名词是没有复数形式
的，但在文中却用了复数
(3)该用名词的所有格，而没有用。
改错(每小题1处错误)
1．As I told you last time，I made three new friend here.
2．My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made of glass.
3．Mum taught me some basic step of baking.
4．We’ve called several time about Cleo’s early morning barking.
5．No one in the carriage had previously spoken to or even noticed the ticket-owner before.Yet they had so quickly offered the strangers their help.
四、形容词与副词
考点1形、副词或名词词性混淆
[典例1] Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.(2015·全国Ⅰ) 分析：名词前应该用形容词作定语。
故seriously应改为serious。
[典例2] Dad and I were terrible worried.(2015·全国Ⅱ)
分析：worried为形容词化了的过去分词，修饰形容词应该用副词，所以应将terrible改为terribly。
考点2形、副词错用
[典例1] Nearly five years before，and with the help of our father，my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果) in our back garden.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)
分析：相对于说话时以前用ago；相对于过去的某个时间或动作之前才用before。
故before改为ago。
[典例2] As a result，the plants are growing somewhere.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)
分析：somewhere意为“某处”，而根据句意“植物到处生长”。
故somewhere应改为everywhere。
考点3修饰词错用或多余
[典例1] Much rare animals are dying out.(2015·全国Ⅰ)
分析：animals为可数名词复数形式，所以用many修饰，much只能修饰不可数名词。
故Much改为Many。
[典例2] He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.(2015·全国Ⅱ)
分析：此处为so...that句式，所以much前用副词so修饰。
故去掉very
考点4比较等级误用
[典例1] My mum makes the better biscuits in the world，so I decided to ask her for help.(2015·陕西)
分析：由该句中的in the world以及前面的the可知此处应该用形容词的最高级。
故better改为best。
[典例2] To make matters bad，now I have to share a room with my younger sister，Maggie.(2013·浙江)
分析：to make matters worse使事情更糟糕的是，为固定搭配。
故bad改为worse。
考点5分词化形容词混用
[典例1] I am awfully tiring，but I know I’ll never fall asleep.(2013·浙江)
分析：由句意知，“我感到非常疲乏”，应用tired。
故tiring应改为tired。
[典例2] Gradually，I became interesting in biology and chose to learn biology when I entered the college. (2012·重庆)
分析：对……感兴趣，应该用interested。
故interesting应改为interested。
方法归纳：对于形容词和副词的考查，注意以下几点：
(1)作定语、表语、补语，用形容词
(2)作状语，修饰动词、形容词、全句，用副词
(3)注意比较级与最高级的比较对象或范围；单音节形容词的比较级前，不可再
加more
(4)注意many，much，(a) few，(a) little；very，so，(n)ever，hardly等修饰词的
用法。
改错(每小题1处错误)
1．On the left-hand side of the class，I could easy see the football field.
2．I thought the biscuits were really well.
3．That is too much for us，considering how closely the houses are.
4．Don’t panic or get out of line and try to remain quiet and calmly.
五、代词
考点1人称不一致
[典例1] We must find ways to protect your environment.If we fail to do so，we’ll live to regret it.(2015·全国Ⅰ) 分析：从整个语境以及句子的主语来看应该把your改为our才能讲得通，也可以改为the。
[典例2] Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them.(2015·浙江)
分析：with复合结构是作定语修饰park的，所以这里的代词是指的单数可数名词park，故them应改为单数it。
考点2代词混用
[典例1]My uncles immediately jumped up and shot their arrows at the bird.Neither of the arrows hit the target.(2014·陕西)
分析：从My uncles immediately jumped up and shot their arrows at the bird可知，射出去的箭不仅仅两支，因此应把Neither改为None。
[典例2] He had a deep voice，which set himself apart from others in our small town...(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ)
分析：当宾语和主语是一个人时，宾语一般用反身代词形式，此句的主语which指的是前面的整个句子，所以应把himself改为him。
考点3漏掉代词
[典例] Five minutes later，Tony saw parents.(2015·全国Ⅱ)
分析：句意为：5分钟后，Tony看见了他的父母。
所以没有限定词his句意不够完整。
故在parents前加上his。
改错(每小题1处错误)
1．I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party.
2．It’s been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many.
3．In fact，I don’t like to go anymore，but I’m afraid I’ll lose their friendship.What do you think I should do？If you were me，would you talk to him？
4．We appreciate our apologies and goodwill，but we hope that you can figure...
5．Then everyone in the carriage began searching for the ticket，which was eventually found under a seat several rows from his owner.
六、关联词及行文逻辑
方法归纳：对于代词的考查，要注意一下几点：
(1)顺藤摸瓜，理清短文中代词的指代关系，注意联系上下文，要注意人
称一致、单复数一致以及性别的一致关系。
(2)注意人称代词格的误用，以及物主代词、反身代词或疑问代词等的错
用。
(3)系统掌握it的各种用法。
(4)准确把握不定代词在文中的正确使用。
考点1关联词使用不
[典例1] After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing.(2015·全国Ⅱ)
分析：句意为：他转过身发现父母不见了。
由句意可知宾语从句句意完整，不缺少成分，所以应该用that引导从句或省略。
故去掉where或将where改为that。
[典例2] There the air is clean or the mountains are green.(2015·全国Ⅰ)
分析：两个简单句之间为并列关系而非选择关系，所以将or改为and。
考点2多余或缺少连词
[典例1]Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year，but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)
分析：在让步状语从句中，although不可以与but连用，因为although位于句首，故只能去掉but或将but改为yet。
[典例2]He had a deep voice，which set him apart from others in our small town，he was strong and powerful.(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ)
分析：句中which引导的是定语从句，修饰主句He had a deep voice，而主句与从句后的分句he was strong and powerful之间缺少连词，根据他们的并列关系，确定he前加and。
考点3介词与连词混用
[典例] In fact，he even scared my classmates away during they came over to play or do homework with me.(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ)
分析：句中during为介词，不可以连接两个独立谓语的句子，根据逻辑关系，后一个分句应为when引导的时间状语从句。
故during应改为when。
方法归纳：对于连词的考查，注意首先判断两个或两个以上的单词、短语或单句
之间是否有连接词，再根据不同的句式结构，判断连接词是否运用正确。
解题
时，可以注意以下几个方面：
(1)把握前后两句话之间的衔接关系，判定是并列句、主语从句、定语从句还是状
语从句，根据连接词在句中作何成分，判断正误
(2)注意but转折、and并列、or或者(选择)、so因此(结果)等逻辑关系词之间的混
用
(3)注意although/though/while不与but连用；since/as/because不与so连用
(4)注意but与and，and与or，or与so，after与before，which与that，which与
what等连词的用法区别。
改错(每小题1处错误)
1．How do you think I should do？
2．My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.
3．In fact，I don’t like to go anymore，so I’m afraid I’ll lose their friendship.
4．If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom，I will never forget it.
5．We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.
七、介词
考点1介词误用
[典例1] Unfortunately，on the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted.(2015·全国Ⅰ) 分析：with the development of为固定短语，意思是“随着……的发展”。
故on改为with。
[典例2] One day，little Tony went to a shopping center with his parents.It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.(2015·全国Ⅱ)
分析：玩具应该是在“在橱窗内”，用介词in。
故on改为in。
考点2缺少介词
[典例1] We can lie on the grass for a rest，or sit by the lake listening music.(2014·新课标全国Ⅱ)
分析listen为不及物动词，后跟名词时应该加上介词to。
[典例2] When the teacher asks us very difficult questions，I’ll think quickly and stand to answer.(2013·大纲全国) 分析：根据句意“站起来回答”，stand后应加up。
考点3多余介词
[典例1] Please help with me and give me some advice.(2015·四川)
分析：动词help为及物动词，其后接宾语时无需加介词，故去掉with。
[典例2] The book I’m reading of talks about afternoon tea in Britain.(2013·新课标全国Ⅱ)
分析：分析句式结构可知 I’m reading为定语从句修饰The book，所以介词of多余。
方法归纳：(1)如果句子中不缺少主语或表语，动词后又不缺少宾语，则在名词或代词前一
定是缺少介词。
(2)注意短语搭配中介词的正确使用。
(3)不该用介词的短语中用了介词，如next year常写成in the next year。
(4)某些及物动词短语中介词缺失，如look (at)，listen (to)，take care (of)等。
(5)有些及物动词多加了介词，如enter the room常写成enter into the room；return my
book常写成return back/to my book等。
(6)注意分清连词、副词和介词之间的区别和句法功能。
改错(每小题1处错误)
1．My old classroom was interesting because three sides of the classroom were made from glass.
2．My soccer coach retired in last week.
3．If you hear the alarm，stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside.
4．My uncles immediately jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird.
5．We appreciate your apologies and goodwill，but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.
八、冠词
考点1漏掉冠词
[典例1] Now I am living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside.(2015·全国Ⅰ)
分析：城市生活与乡村生活对比，此处特指乡村，所以用in the countryside。
[典例2] As result，the plants are growing everywhere.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)
分析：as a result为固定搭配，故as后应加a。
[典例3] This custom soon became another meal of day.(2013·新课标全国Ⅱ)
分析：由句意可知此处指的是特定一天中的另一顿餐，因此day前应加定冠词the。
考点2冠词错用
[典例1] Tony saw a toy in a shop window...A woman saw him crying and told him to wait outside a shop.(2015·全国Ⅱ)
分析：特指上文提到的商店，因此用定冠词the，故outside a shop应改为outside the shop。
[典例2] My soccer coach retired last week.I wanted to do something special for him at his retirement party...At a party，my coach，with a biscuit in his mouth，asked surprisingly who made them and joked，“I might have to retire again next year just to get some more of these biscuits.”(2015·陕西)
分析由语境可知party再次出现，指的是前文他们一起参加的那个晚会，属于特指。
故At a party改为At the party。
考点3多余冠词
[典例] In a fact，he even scared my classmates away when they came over to play or do homework with me.(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ)
分析：in fact为固定词组，意为“事实上，实际上”，故去掉a。
方法归纳：(1)根据泛指和特指，判断用定冠词还是不定冠词。
若泛指“一个”再
根据单词的第一个音素来判定用a还是an
(2)根据固定搭配。
注意固定搭配中不能多用或少用冠词。
改错(每小题1处错误)
1．I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.
2．Besides，Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day.
3．Today，I am going to talk about what you should do when a fire alarm goes off.If you hear the alarm，...Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire.
4．That day I didn’t learn much about animals，insects or trees，but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity！5．A passenger realized he couldn’t find his ticket...The person who found a ticket smiled withpleasure at his success.
(一)
(2015·全国Ⅰ)
When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.Now I am living in a city，but I miss my home in countryside.There the air is clean or the mountains are green.Unfortunately，on the development of industrialization，the environment has been polluted.Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.Much rare animals are dying out.We must found ways to protect your environment.If we fail to do so，we’ll live to regret it.
(二)
(2015·全国Ⅱ)
One day，little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.After looks at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing.Tony was scared and begun to cry.A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop.Five minutes later，Tony saw parents.Mom said，“How nice to see you again！Dad and I were terrible worried.”Tony promised her that this would never happen again.
(三)
(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)
Nearly five years before，and with the help by our father，my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes (圣女果)in our back garden.Since then—for all these year—we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please.As result，the plants are growing somewhere.The fruits are small in size，but juicy and taste.There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors.Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year，but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems.We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
(四)
(2014·新课标全国Ⅱ)
My dream school starts at 8：30 a．m.and ends at 3：30 p．m.They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.We didn’t need to do so many homework.Therefore，we have more time with after-school activities.For example，we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.
My dream school look like a big garden.There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.We can lie on the grass for a rest，or sat by the lake listening music.The teachers here are kind and helpfully.They are not only our teachers but also our friends.
【小试牛刀】
1
Nothing is impossible！If you have a dream，your dream will must come true as long as you always work hard.To tell you truth，my dream is common.I want to be a doctor.There was a time that I was in hospital.I saw with my own eyes that a doctor fights all night to save a baby’s life.I was touched by the kindly behavior of the doctor.I think doctors are the greatest.We can make patients recover from a disease.However，I am determined to be a doctor to help whomever suffers from illnesses.I hope that I am able to help people keep healthy.At the same time，I will devote myself to treat patients.In a word，if I become a doctor in the future，I will try my best to help each patient.From now on，I will spare no effort to study every subjects so that I can go to a key university.
2
Dear Mr.Green，
I’m very exiciting to learn that you will start a magazine together.That sounds great and I definitely agree you on that.Some of the columns that you mention in the letter are really my cup of tea.“Cultural Express” give us a better understanding of the world.Since people from different part of the world have different values，it’s necessary to learn from each other.Apart from that，“Blurt Out” is pretty good for Chinese students to learn English idioms and improving oral English.“Entertainment” is also cool！The popular singers，actors or celebrities are so attractive that you absolutely can’t miss this part.Teenagers are to\ fond of popular things，too.
Well，I can’t list more.I really can’t wait to read this magazine.
Yours，
Li Ming
3
Dear Mandy，
I’m not doing well in my lessons at school，especial in maths.My dad says I must try hard because he wants me go to university.He thinks I’m lazy，but it’s not true.I work really hard，often study late into the night！I’ve tried to talk to my mother，but she always said I have to work as hard like my brother does.My brother doesn’t study very hard，and he always gets excellent grades.It’s not fair!
The only thing I like it\ is art.My teacher says I’m the best student she’s had for year.When I told my dad，all he said was，“You mustn’t waste your time in art.You must focus your mind on your lessons！”
I’m feeling quite puzzling what to do now.Would you please help me out?
Thanks a lot!
Yours sincerely，
Lisa
4
Dear editor，
I’m sorry to occupy your precious time，and I really want to tell you anything about the problem of some people keeping too many pets nowadays.I take the problem more and more seriously for the following reason.First of all，as it\ is known to people，pets make so much noise that trouble residents a lot.What’s more，it is widely accepted that animal waste pollutes the environment，where makes people quite uncomfortable.Many owners like taking their pets to public place where they may frighten children or even bite people.The mostly important is that pets can spread some diseases and this has attracted much attention.Take all these factors into consideration，I sincerely hope that I can get help from you and expect the media do something for this.
Yours truly，
Wang Lin。
