高中英语情态动词+have done 真题直击知识点分析

高中英语情态动词+have done 真题直击
“情态动词＋have done”表示对过去情况的推测或估计，是历年高考的热点。现就这一语
言现象作如下归纳：

1. should （ought to） have＋过去分词
表示过去应该做而（实际）没有做的事情，含有责备或遗憾的语气，意为“本应该……”；
其否定形式为“should not／ought not to have ＋ 过去分词”，表示某种行为不该发生
但却发生了。

Mr. White _____ at 8：30 for the meeting ， but he didn‘t’ show up. （04‘广
西卷）
A. should have arrived
B. should arrive
C. should have had arrived
D. should be arriving
[解析]本题中的一个关键词but暗示了“Mr. White按道理理应到了，而他没有到”。故答
案选[A].

2.needn't have＋过去分词
表示过去没有必要做某事， 但实际上做了某事。
As you worked late yesterday， you_________ have come this
morning. （06‘陕西卷）
A. mayn‘t B. can’t
C. mustn‘t D. needn’t
[解析] He needn't have come，表示“他本没有必要来（实际却来了）”，根据句意，答
案应选[D].
[注意] He didn't need to come yesterday，意为“他昨天没有必要来（实际也没来）”。

3.must have＋过去分词
用于肯定句，表示“过去一定做过某事”，表示一种很有把握的推测。
[注意] 对过去发生情况的否定推测常用can‘t／couldn’t have ＋过去分词。

I have lost one of my gloves. I ________ it somewhere . （05‘北京春季）
A. must drop
B. must have dropped
C. must be dropping
D. must have been dropped
[解析]本题应选B.本题的前一句说明一个结果，后一句则表示一个原因。
I _______have been more than six years old when the accident happened.
（05‘天津卷）
A. shouldn't B. couldn't
C. mustn't D. needn't
[解析]从题意上分析，本题的前一句陈述一个理由，后一句则是由前一句得出的结论。故
本题选[B] .

4.may／might have＋过去分词
表示对过去情况的一种不太有把握的可能性推测，表示“过去可能／大概已做了某事”；否
定句表示“过去可能还没有做某事”。

We _______ have proved great adventurers， but we have done the greatest
march ever made in the past ten years. （06‘天
津卷）
A. needn‘t B. may not
C. shouldn’t D. mustn‘t
Key：[B]

5.can／could have＋过去分词
表示“过去本来可以做某事，但实际上没有做”；否定句表示“不可能已做了某事”；疑问句
表示“可能／也许已做了某事吗？”。

—— I stayed at a hotel while in New York .
—— Oh， did you？ You ＿＿＿＿ with Barbara. （NMET‘98）
A. could have stayed B. could stay
C. would stay D. must have stayed Key： [A]

巩固性练习：从A、B、C、D中选择最佳答案。
1.——You didn‘t wait for Mr. Smith last night， did you？
——No， but we ______. He didn‘t return home at all.
A. couldn‘t have waited B. needn’t have
C. didn‘t need to D. should wait
2.Harry ______ have won the Physics competition easily yesterday， but he
gave up.
A. could B. might C. should D. must
3.——May I speak to your manager Mr. Smith at six o‘clock tonight ？“
——“I‘m sorry， Mr. Smith to a conference before then.”
A. will have gone B. had gone
C. would have gone D. has gone
4.——Tom took away our teacher‘s cell phone without being permitted.
—— Really？ I can‘t imagine that he _______ have done such a thing.
A. must B. may
C. can D. should
5.—— Was it you that made the suggestion？
—— It have been. I can‘t remember.
A. need B. must
C. should D. may
6.The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I_________ the trouble to
carry my umbrella with me .
A. should have taken B. could have taken
C. needn't have taken D. mustn't have taken
7.He paid for a seat， when he ______ have entered free.
A. could B. would
C. must D. need
8.I didn‘t see her in the meeting room this morning. She at the
meeting .
A. mustn‘t have spoken B. mightn’t have spoken
C. can‘t have spoken D. shouldn’t have spoken
9.—— Hi， is that Peter Brown？
——Sorry. You ______ the wrong number .
A. must dial B. must have dialed
C. should dial D. should have dialed
10.I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car .
They ______ at least 150 kilometers an hour .
A. should have been doing B. must have been doing
C. could have done D. would have done

Keys for reference： 1——5 CAADD 6——10 CACBB