情态动词+have done

情态动词+have done的结构和用法情态动词+have done的结构和用法有以下几种：一、must have done sth.一定做某事。

表示对过去事情的较有把握的推测，这时只能用在肯定句中，“肯定/必须已经干过…”，在否定句和疑问句中用can't或couldn't或can/ could，例如：1.From what you said, she must have told you all about it.从你的话看，她一定告诉了你所有的事情。

2.The light was out. They must have gone to bed.灯都熄了，他们必定睡了。

3.He must have done it when I was off with those assholes.他一定是趁我和那群混蛋一起的时候做的。

4.The man must have done something right, more right than all jumpers before.这个人一定是做了些很对的事，比所有以前跳高的做得更对。

5.China must have done something supremely right to produce the economic miracle we observe.中国一定是做了非常对的事才产生了我们见到的经济奇迹。

6.You must have done something to her.你一定有跟她做什么事。

7.He must have done sometime. Certainly he had always been jealous of him as a child.有时他肯定爱，当然他总是忌妒弟弟，像一个小孩子。

二、can/could have done sth.本来能够做某事，而实际上未做1.But we could have done it all so much better.但是，我们本可以把这一切做得更好。

情态动词+have done：对过去行为或动作表示推测、评论或判断一、虚拟语气1、should have done：过去本应该做某事却未做否定结构should‘t have done：过去本不该做某事却做了2、ought to have done：过去本应该做某事却未做否定结构oughtn‘t to have done：过去本不该做某事却做了3、need have done：过去本有必要做某事却未做否定结构needn‘t have done：过去本没必要做某事却做了4、could（不能用can）have done：过去本能够做某事却未做否定形式couldn‘t have done没有虚拟语气的用法couldn’t have done只能表推测，=can’t have done：过去不可能做了某事5、might（不能用may）have done：过去本可以做某事却未做否定形式might not have done没有虚拟语气的用法。

might not have done只能表推测，=may not have done：过去可能没有做某事二、推测1、must have done：过去肯定做了某事。

不存在mustn’t have done的形式。

否定或疑问形式须用can(could) have done(不可能，肯定不会)来表示。

2、may/might have done :过去可能做了某事may比might 表示的可能性在说话人看来稍大些。

may/might not have done:过去可能没有做某事3、can/could have done：can have done一般用在否定句和疑问句中,表示不相信或怀疑的态度。

could have done还可以用于肯定句，表示本来可能完成而实际未完成。

PS: 表示推测过去某动作发生的可能性时，就表示的可能性程度而言:mus t＞could＞may＞might 情态动词的回答方式：。

情态动词+have done的用法should、would、could、need加have done时，肯定形式下的意思，都是情态动词的本意，加上还没做的事；否定形式下的意思，都是情态动词的本意，加上已经做了的事。

一、“must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测,译成“一定做过某事”,该结构只用于肯定句.You must have been mad to speak to theservant.你和仆人说话,一定是发疯了.二、“can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测,译成“不可能做过某事”.Mary can't have stolen your money.She hasgone home.玛丽不可能偷你的钱,她回家去了.三、“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句,译成“可能做过……吗?”There is no light in the room.Can theyhave gone out?屋里没有灯,他们可能出去了吗?四、“could+have+done”是虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是本来能够做某事而没有做.He could have passed the exam,but he wastoo careless.本来他能够通过考试,但是他太粗心.五、“may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测,意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”,用于肯定句中.—What has happened to George?—I don't know.He may have got lost.—乔治发生了什么事?——我不知道,他可能迷路了.六、“might+have+done”表示对过去事情的推测,might与may意思相同,但可能性更小.多用于虚拟语气结构中.He might have given you more help,eventhough he was busy.他或许会多给你一些帮助,即使他很忙.七、“would+have+done”虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是“本来会做”.Without your help,I wouldn't haveachieved so much.没有你的帮助,我是不会取得如此大的成绩.八、“should+have+done”意思是“本来应该做某事,而实际没做.”“shouldn't+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事,而实际做了.含有指责对方或自责的含意.Look,Tom is crying.I shouldn't have beenso harsh on him.看,汤姆哭了,我本来不应该对他如此严厉.九、“ought to+have+done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做,译成“理应做……”,往往表示遗憾.与“should+have+done”用法基本一样.I ought to have gone home last Sunday.我理应上星期日回家.十、“need+have+done”表示本来需要做某事而没有做.“needn't+have+done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”.I needn't have bought so much wine—only fivepeople came.我本来没有必要买这么多酒,只来了五个人.感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。

情态动词+have+done是历年高考的重点和难点之一，现将其用法总结归纳如下：一、must+have+done表示对过去事情的肯定推测,译成“一定做过某事”,该结构只用于肯定句.1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant.你和仆人说话,一定是发疯了二、“can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。

1. Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。

2.Mary can't have stolen your money. She has gone home.玛丽不可能偷你的钱,她回家去了三、“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”。

1.There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out?屋里没有灯,他们可能出去了吗?2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? 到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？四、could+have+done’是虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是本来能够做某事而没有做.He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless.本来他能通过考试，但他太粗心五、“may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。

情态动词+ have done＊表示推测时，“情态动词+have done”和“情态动词+do”的显著区别在于：前者表示过去的、有结果的事情的推测；后者表示对现在或将来的推测。

Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He _______________(dink) too much at the party last night. Why are your eyes are so red? You ____________________(sleep) well last night.We _______________________(visit) the museum but we spent too much time shopping.He _______________________(arrive) in Beijing.He might have given you help, even though he was very busy.Yesterday was the deadline, and he should have completed his work.We needn’t have bought so much food now that Tom won’t come and have dinner with us.＊should 的其它用法表示惊异、遗憾、不满，意为“竟然，竟会”【实战演练】1. – I phoned you yesterday morning. A girl answered, but I didn’t recognize the voice.-- Oh, it ______________(be) my younger sister. She was in my room at that moment.2. (2014 陕西高考改编)My book, The House of Hades, is missing. Who ____________(take) it.3.(2013 新课标全国改编)Since nobody gave him any help, he __________________(do) the research on his own.4. (2011 新课标全国改编)They ___________(arrive) at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.5. The boy _____________(take) your book for he has been off for a week.6. Although you_______ find bargains in London, it’s not generally a cheap place to shop.7. I can’t believe it _____________(happen) in broad daylight.8. It’s strange that such a rich man ____________(be) so greedy.9. I am ashamed, sir, that I wasted the many hours when I __________________( study) in class.10. Oh, dear! It’s already twelve o’clock. Hurry up! Mother _______________(wait) anxiously.。

情态动词+have done的构成及用法含译文1.情态动词+have done的构成may/might have done可能已经发生了某事could have done本能够做某事can't/couldn’t have done不可能已经发生了某事must have done一定已经发生了某事would have done本来会做某事should/ought to have done本应该做某事但没有做shouldn't/oughtn't to have done本不应该做某事但做了need have done本需要做某事但没有做needn't have done 本不需要做某事但做了2.情态动词+have done的用法情态动词+have done的用法主要包括两个方面：一.表示对过去所发生事情的推测或假设；二.表示对过去所发生事情的责备或遗憾。

①may/might have done可能已经发生了某事。

对过去所发生动作的不太肯定的推测。

用于肯定句中，may和might意思相同，但might 可能性更小，多用于虚拟语气中。

By expressing love for his children in such a special way, Tolkien may indeed have been the real Father Christmas. 通过这种特别的方式表达对孩子们的爱，托尔金可能真的是真正的圣诞老人。

（新外研版必修二）You can check his office. He might have been there already. 你可以去他的办公室看看。

他可能已经到那儿了。

If he had been given more encouragement, he might have made greater progress. 如果给他更多的鼓励，他可能会取得更大的进步。

情态动词+have done一、在虚拟语气中的用法1. should have done表示“过去本应该做某事却未做。

shouldn't have done 表示“过去本不该做某事却做了。

”2. ought to have done表示“过去本应该做某事却未做。

”oughtn't to have done表示“过去本不该做某事却做了。

”3. need have done表示“过去本有必要做某事却未做。

”needn't have done表示“过去本没必要做某事却做了。

”4. could (不能用can) have done 表示“过去本能够做某事却未做。

”couldn't have done只能表推测，相当于can't have done，意为：“过去不可能做了某事。

”二、表推测的用法1. must have done / can(could) not have done表示对过去某事的肯定和否定猜测。

must do / can’t do表示对现在某事的肯定和否定猜测。

译为：过去肯定做了某事。

不存在mustn't have done 的形式。

其否定或疑问形式须用can(could) 来表示. 例如：Since the road is wet, it must have rained last night. 既然路是湿的，那昨天晚上肯定下雨了。

He can't have missed the way. I drew him a map. 他不可能迷路。

我（当时）给他画了张图。

“The dictionary has disappeared. Who could have taken it?” 词典不见了，（过去）谁可能把它拿走了？2. may / might have done / may/might not have done表示“过去可能做了某事/过去可能没有做某事”。