Massage Oxytocin
Blood loss > 500 ml PPH
Explore genital tract
Inspect placenta
Observe clotting Coagulation screen
The Four T s
Soft, boggy uterus Genital tract tear Placenta retained Blood not clotting
Drug factors
tocolytic agents
宫缩乏力的诊断
• 腹部检查:子宫软,无张力 • 阴道出血在胎盘娩出之后 • 阵发性出血
宫缩乏力的预防
宫缩乏力治疗
• 人工按摩 – 双手按摩: – 按摩子宫是有效的简单的刺激子宫收缩的方法
Anderson JM, AFP 2007
宫缩乏力的治疗 宫缩剂
Crystalloid Blood products
Step III Surgery
Repair Lacerations
Local control
Hysterectom Ligate Vessels y
Undersutering the placental bed Square suture B-Lynch suture
手术介入(2 of 4)
Gabbe, Ch 18
手术介入(3 of 4)
手术介入(4 of 4)
出血的评估
• • • • • • • 肉眼观察: 容器: 量杯 表面积: blood stained 10cmx10cm = 10ml 称重: 1.05g = 1ml Hct<=30%, Hb50-70g/L, blood loss >1000ml 每小时尿量<25ml, blood loss >2500ml 休克指数= 脉搏/收缩压