英语字母组合发音规律

英语字母组合发音规律

元音字母a e i/y o u元音字组ar er ir or ur are ere ire ore ure ai/ay air al au/aw ea ear ee eer ei/ey eu/ew ie

oa oar/oor oi/oy oo ou/ow our ui 辅音字母b c d f g h j k l m n p q r s t v w- x y- z

辅音字组ch -ck -dge dr- -ds gh gu- kn- -mn ng ph qu- sh -tch th tr- -ts wh- wr-

一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音

元音字母 读

音 例 词

a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake

在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back

e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese

在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg

i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite

在闭音节中 [i] fish big drink sit milk swim

o 在开音节中 [ou] those close go hoe home no

在闭音节中 [ ] clock not box shop sock

u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday

在闭音节 [ ] bus cup jump much lunch

中

在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue

ruler super

元音字母 读 音 例 词

a [ ] China another woman breakfast

[i] orange comrade village cabbage

e [ ] hundred student open moment

[i] chicken pocket begin children

i [ ]/[i] holiday beautiful family animal

[ai] exercise satellite

o [ ] second tonight somebody welcome

[ u] also zero photo

u [ ] autumn difficult

[ju(:)] popular congratulation January

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate

u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue

元音字母 读

音 例 词

a在[w]音后面 [ ] want what watch wash quality

a在f n sk ph sp ss

st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass

fast father

i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high

o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold

o在m n v th前 [ ] come monkey love mother

元音字组 读

音 例 词

ar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener

[ :] warm quarter towards

or在[w]音后面 [ :] forty morning short

[ :] word worker worse

er ir ur [ :] certainly bird Thursday

辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry berry mirror sorry hurry

-r音节元音字组在非重读音节中通常读[ ]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr

comfort Saturday

元音字组 读 音 例 词

are [ε ] care dare hare

ere [i ] here mere

ire [ai ] fire hire wire

ore [ :] more score before

ure [ju ] pure cure

完整的-re音节are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[ ]音，例如：picture pleasure 非重读音节中-re音节的变体通常发[ r]音，例如：salary

重读音节中元音字母加r，再加非重读元字组时，元音字母和r构成-re音节的变体，按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母r读[r]音。例如：parent zero

inspiring story during

某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。

例如：orange very American paragraph forest spirit

元音字组 读

音 例 词

ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play

air [ε ] air hair chair pair repair

al

al在f m前 [ :] small ball talk wall all

[ :l] always also salt almost

[α:] half calm

au/aw [ :] autumn daughter draw

ea [i:] teach easy cheap please

[e] heavy bread sweater weather

[ei] break great

ear [i ] hear dear near clear year

[ε ] bear pear wear swear

[ :] earth learn early

ee [i:] jeep week green three

eer [i ] pioneer deer beer

ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they

eu/ew

在 j l r 后 [ju:] new few newspaper

[u:] flew brew jewelry

ie/[s]音后拼写为ei [i:] piece field receive seize

oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal

oar/oor [ :] roar board door floor

oi/oy [ i] noise point boy toilet

oo [u:] broom food tooth school

[u] book look cook foot good

ou/ow [au] flower house count down

[ u] know row throw though

[ ] young country enough

[u:] group you soup through

our [ :] course your four

[au ] our hour ours

[ :] journey

ui 在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition

[u:] juice fruit suit

在英语单词中，除了元音字母组合发音具有一定的规律外，辅音字母组合的发音也有一定的规律，掌握这些规律对迅速掌握单词，有事半功倍的效果。下面简单总结一下辅音字母组合的发音规律。

b一般发音为：/b/。比如：bake,bike,bad,boy.

c有两种发音：/k/。比如：cake,catch,cap.

或 /s/。比如：cite,city,rice.

d一般发音为：/d/。比如：dog,dick,dot,duck.

f一般发音为：/f/。比如：forth,future,fox.

g一般发音为：/g/。比如：muskeg,egg,good.

h一般发音为：/h/。比如：hate,hot,humorous.

k一般发音为：/k/。比如：cook,coak,kitchen.一般在词尾。

l一般发音为：/l/。比如：milk，smile,tail.

m一般发音为：/m/。比如：mum,memory,mushroom,much.

n一般发音为：/n/。比如：nut,enough,nike.

p一般发音为：/p/。比如：proper,pitch,pig,poke.

q一般需要跟u一起用。发/kw/,在字母组合发音时会讲到。

r一般发音为：/r/。比如：right,rock,russia,rich.

s一般发音为：/s/。比如：sit,sick,season,seashore.

或/z/。比如：rise,raise,towards,一般在开音节中。

t一般发音为：/t/。比如：tick,teach,temple.

v一般发音为：/v/。比如：very,victory,vacancy.

w一般发音为：/w/。比如：watch,word,work.

x一般发音为：/ks/。比如：six,sex,excise.一般在词中或词尾。

/zi∂/。比如：xerox.一般在词首。