高中英语——代词和it的用法

不定代词
用法说明
用法举例
another other
2021/7/17
another常用来指三者 I don’t like this coat.
或三者以上中的“另 Show me another,
外一个”。
please.
只作定语，常与复数 There are other ways
名词或不可数名词连 to do this exercise. 用；但如果前面有the, Do you have any this, that, some, any, other question(s)? each, every, no, one及 my, your, his 等时，则 可与单数名词连用。
one, nothing, something, anything, everything, everybody
Alan sold most of his belongings. He has hardly anything left in the house.
4
【考点一】考查another, other, others, the other与the others 的辨析 another, other, others, the other与the others用法如下表：
高考英语一轮复习语法课件专题 代词it的用法
代词类别
例词
例句
人称 代词
主格 宾格
I, we, you, he, she, it, they
me, us, you, him, her, it, them
She teaches us English. —Who is it? —It’s me.
形容 my, your, his, her, its, This is our classroom.

【高中英语】高中英语语法指导：it代词基本用法讲解
【编者按】人称代词it可以用来代替一个名词、一个短语、一个从句或一个句子，以避免它们在句中的重复。

这时它可以指提到过的，也可以指未提到过的，在句中作主语或宾语。

(1)替代刚提到过的同一事物
thisisournewcar.iboughtityesterday.这就是我们的新车。

我昨天卖的。

(2)指动物或不考虑性别的婴儿
whereisthecat?it’sunderthebed.猫在哪?它在床下面。

thebabycriedwhenitwashungry.这婴儿饿时就哭。

(3)在情景中证实某人或事物
whoisit?it’sme.是谁?(问敲门人)是我呀。

who’sitoverthere?it’sthemilkman.那边那人就是谁?那就是送来牛奶的
what’sthis?it’samap.这是什么?这是张地图。

(4)指代前句或后句所述的情况
hesmokesinbedandidon’tlikeit.他在床上抽烟，我不喜欢他这样。

whenthefactorycloses,itwillmean500workerswillbeoutofwork.工厂一旦停用,那就意味著必须存有500工人失业。

itwouldbeidealifyoucouldjoinus.如果你能和我们合作，则太好了。

(5)指时间、距离、天气或环境等。

A．it B．that C．this D．there8、I took it for granted you would come to our party.A．when B．why C．for what D．that9、How happy to be able to study and live together with you! A．that will be B．is it C．will it be D．it will be 10、I thought it to be .A．him B．he C．its D．she11、very foolish of you to say so.A．It’s B．Its C．That’s D．This 12、It’s not his habit for things.A．asks B．ask C．to ask D．asked 13、It has been a great honour coming to visit me.A．they B．you C．she D．he 14、I found to hear what he said.A．that difficulty B．it difficultyC．that difficult D．it difficult15、He is fifty , but doesn’tA．look at it B．look for itC．look it D．look him16、It was who telephoned me yesterday.A．him B．his C．himself D．he 17、The sentence is wrong.A．its B．it C．itself D．it’s18、is no doubt that he will succeed in his experiment.A．It B．This C．That D．There19、It seems John’s not coming after all.A．this B．that C．if D．to20、was a handbag that John gave Mary at Christmas.A．It B．This C．That D．Such49、There have a man sitting beyond that fence.A B C D50、It was a car ready for us.A B C D【答案】：1、B2、D3、B4、C5、C6、D7、A 8、D 9、D 10、A 11、A 12、C13、B 14、D 15、C 16、D 17、C 18、A19、B 20、A 21、B 22、C 23、D 24、A25、D 26、B 27、A 28、B 29、C 30、B31、B 32、C 33、C 34、A 35、B 36、B37、C 38、B 39、A 40、A41、A He－it 42、B that－it 43、C that－to44、D live前加to 45、C to cry－crying 46、B it 去掉47、B have－be 48、C who后加is 或把who去掉49、A have－is 50、A It －There【专项训练二】it用法一.单项选择(32分)1.It took us over an hour along the street.A.walkB.to walkC.walkingD.walked2.I think it a great honour to visit your country.A.to inviteB.invitingC.having invitedD.to be invited3.Many people now make a rule to buy cards for their friends before Christmas.A.themselvesB.itC.thatD.this4.is very clear to everyone that he's round and tall like a tree.A.ThisB.WhatC.ThatD.It5.In the United States, bus travel doesn't cost much as train travel, ?A.don't theyB.does itC.do theyD.doesn't it6.Someone is at the door, who is ?A.thisB.thatC.itD.he7.—It is raining cats and dogs.—.A.So it isB.So is itC.Neither it isD.Neither is it8.—My home is in that tall building over there.—?A.Can it seeB.Can see itC.Can be seen itD.Can it be seen9. raining hard for 3 hours without stopping.A.It isB.It wasC.It has beenD.It had been10.—Has the boy got his bicycle now?—Yes, the police gave .A.him to himB.it to itC.it to himD.him to it11.—Boy,—It is, looks like spring is coming soon.—Yeh, It'll just be a few more weeks.A.it's really a nice day today, isn't it?B.what knid of weather are we going to have today?C.do you think it is going to rain today?D.what' it like outside today?12.It is important their offer.A.rejectB.rejectsC.to rejectD.rejecting13.Has been decided when we are to hold the sports-meeting?A.thatB.thisC.itD.what14.—Did Li Lei call me while I was out?—Yes, it was that called you.A.himB.heC.whoD.whom15.Nothing is wrong with the radio ?A.isn't itB.is thatC.is itD.isn't that16.I don't know makes her afraid of having her business discussed.A.what it is about Mary thatB.that is it abut Mary whatC.what is it about Mary thatD.that is about Mary what17.Which sentence is wrong?A.I felt it impossible for him to take the exam.B.I found it impossible that he might take the exam.C.I thought that he might not take the exam.D.In my opinion he might take the exam.18.I don't think difficult for a Chinese student to master a foreign language within five yearsA.thatB.itC.tooD.very19.It's the second time you late this week.A.arriveB.arrivedC.have arrivedD.had arrived20.It will not be we meet again.A.long beforeB.before longC.soon afterD.shortly after21.It's demanded that we there on foot.A.not to goB.don't goC.not goD.won't go22.―It‖ is often used to a baby.A.mean toB.stick toC.point toD.refer to23.It was not until 1936 basketball became a regular part of the Olympic Games.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.then24.you met the Englishman?A.Where it was thatB.Who it was that63.是爱迪生发明了电灯、留声机和许多其它东西.64.据说他是个百万富翁.参考答案1.B2.D3.B4.D5.B6.C7.A8.D9.C 10.C 11.A 12.C 13.C 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.A21.C 22.D 23.A 24.C 25.B 26.C 27.C 28.A 29.B 30.A 31.B 32.B 33.B 34.C 35.B36.calling 37.would stop 38.should be 39.It, is, to40.It, is, should41.It, be42,It was, who (that) 43.It was generous of them (her sisters) to offer to pay her fare.44.It was kind of her brother to invite her to stay. 45.It is lucky that you found your wallet.46.It is a pity that you couldn't find a less expensive hotel. 47.It is pleasant to walk in the garden.48.It is often difficult to pronounce a long word. 49.It is very important to learn a foreign language.50.It was Mary who (that) gave me the new book.51.It was the day before yesterday that we went to the Great Wall.52.It is my English that I want you to help me with. 53.It is in February that the days begin to get longer.54.It was a League meeting that we held in the classroom.55.It is not until everyone is seated that the meeting will begin.56.Why is it that he came late for the meeting? 57.How was it that you found his house?58.Where was it that the 44th World Table Tennis Championships took place?59.They said it is honesty that is the best of all virtues. 60.It was Tom who helped me work out this difficult problem.61.It is because he has lived in this town for many years that he knows it very well.62.It is this lake that I used to swim in.63.It was Edison who (that ) invented the electric light, gramophone and many other things.64.It was said that he was a millionaire.【专项训练三】强调、替代、省略I.经典试题回顾：1.—Why don’t you take a little break ?—Didn’t we just have .( 2000全国)A. itB. thatC.oneD.this2. The Parkers bought a new house but _____ will need a lot of work before they can move in . (01全国)A. theyB. itC. oneD. which3. The research is so designed that once _____ nothing can bee done to change it . (02全国)A. beginsB.having begunC. beginningD.begun4. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment,____ I will always treasure. (02全国)A. thatB. oneC. itD. what5.-- Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard .-- Why ____ ? John is sitting there doing noting. (03全国)A.himB. heC.ID. me6. –You haven’t lost the ticket,have you ?-- ______ . I know it is not easy to get another one at the moment .( 04 全国)A. I hope notB.Yes, I haveC.I hope soD.Yes, I am afraid so7.It is the ability to do the job____ matters, not where you come from or what you are. (2000全国春季)A. oneB. thatC. whatD. it8. It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages______ attracted the audience's interest.A. so thatB. thatC. whatD. in which (2000上海)9.I have done much of the work .Could you please finish _____ in two days . (04辽宁)A. the restB.the otherC. anotherD.the others10. He speaks English well indeed ,but of course not _____ a native speaker. (04上海)A. as fluent asB. more fluent thanC.so fluently asD.much fluently than11. Why ! I have noyhing to confess .____ you want me to say ?. (04上海)A. What is it that BWhat it is that C.How is it that D. How it is that12. I will never know what was on his mind at the time, nor will________. (04江苏)A. anyoneB. anyone elseC. no oneD. no one else13. We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made _____ from some wood we had.(04江西)A. itB. oneC. himselfD. another14.— I would never ever come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible!— _____.(04江西)A. Nor am IB. Neither wouldC. Same with meD. So do I15. I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesn’t matter ______ I’m talking to. (04广东)A. who is itB. who it isC. it is whoD. it is whom16. There are eight tips in Dr Roger’s lecture on —sleep, and one of them is : to bed early unless you think it isnecessary. (04重庆)A. doesn’t goB. not to goC. not goingD. don’t go17．—Let’s go and have a good drink tonight.— Have you got the first prize in the competiton? (04重庆)A. What for?B. Thanks a lot.C. Yes, I’d like to.D. Why not?18．—Go for a picnic this weekend ,OK?—_______ .I love getting close to nature. (04福建)A．I couldn’t agree more B．I’m afraid notC．I believe not D．I don’t think so19. It was with great joy he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. (04福建)A．because B．which C．since D．that20. I’ve never seen anyone run so fast---- ______ David go. (04福建)A. just watchB. just to watchC. just watchingD. just having watched II.巩固练习：1.It is _____ who _____ wrong.A. me; meB. me; isC. I; amD. I; is2.---Shall I invite Tom to my party?---Yes. It'll be nice if you ________.A. doB. do inviteC. areD. invite3.---Shall I wake you up tomorrow?---Yes, _______.A. please doB. you shallC. you willD. you may4.---You look happy today, Mary---I like my new dress and Mother _______, too.A .likes B. does C .is D .do5.---Do you need a new tie to go with your new suit, Mr. Johnson?---No, _______.A. I am having plenty of ties.B. I think I have several that will do.C. there are lots of ties for the match.D.I have lots of ties to do it.6.---She must look like a very pretty girl.---Yes, I imagine ______.A. toB. thatC. itD. so7.---Will you go home tomorrow evening?---No, I am going to a lecture, or at least I am planning _______.A. soB. to C .it D. that8.---John feels much better this morning.---I know he ______.A. doesB. does so C .does it D. does that9.---I got tired of the village life here.---Why ______ for a few weeks?A. coming to my homeB. not coming to my houseC. do you come to my houseD. not come to my home10.---Have you been here long?---_______.A. No, not veryB. Not muchC. Yes, only littleD. No, only yesterday11.---Do you follow me?---Yes, ______.A .it is good B.I will C .perfectly D .very good12.--- I don't think he is studying Latin in his room now.---Oh! _____?A. does heB. doesn't heC. is heD. isn't he13.--- You can't come today, can you?---_______.A. Yes. I can come tomorrowB. Yes, I can't come tomorrow.C. No, but I can come tomo, , rrow D .No, but I can come tomorrow14.---Did you eat yet?---_____.A. Yes, let's have lunch togetherB. No, let's go there sometimeC. No, I haven't taken itD. Yes, about an hour ago15.---Who's got all my money? ---He ______.A. does b. is C. has D. was16.A beam of light will not bend(弯曲)round corners unless _______ to do so with the help of a reflecting device(反射装置)A. made B .being made C. having made D. to be made17.Xiao Wang finished his study in Beijing and has gone to Japan._________.A. So has Xiao LiB. So it is with Xiao LiC. So Xiao LI hasD. So it has with Xiao Li18.But for a long time we hardly saw any lights, _______ we see the shore.A. nor didB. did norC. norD. nor do19.Someone has left the tap running, ______?A. has heB. hasn’t heC. haveD. haven’t they20.______ her work is still not as good as she wants it to be?A. Why is it thatB. Why is C .Why it is that D. Why is so that21.If ______, we'll go.A. necessary B .being necessary C .to be necessary D .it necessary22.The shoes in this shop are cheaper than those in that shop but not ______.A .as better B. as good than C .as good D .better as23.---Are you satisfied with what she has done?---Not a little. It couldn't be _______.A. any worseB. any betterC. go badD. so well24.I forgot _______ you started doing your home-work.A. that was it whenB. when was it that C .when it was that D. that it was when25.It is _______ his health that we don't allow him to smoke.A. just B .only C. for D. because26.‖May I have a rest here?‖ ―Yes,_____.‖A. you doB. you may haveC. pleaseD. you can do27.They didn’t complete the work, but they _______.A .could do B. had completed C. could have D. should28.---Why did Mr. Smith sell his house?---It was only ______ it was small ______ he sold it.A. when; soB. that; forC. because; thatD. for; and29. ―Has he gone to see the doctor?‖ ―No, but _____.‖A. he goesB. goes to seeC. he’s going toD. he’s going to see30.We’ll be in class at nine, but they _____.A. won’tB. weren’t C .don’t D. aren’t31.It is _______ my father worked ______ I'm working now.A. that ; whereB. where; thatC. when; that D .that ; when32."_______ the building unless ______ to do so, " the officer ordered.A. Not to leave; told B .Not leaving; telling C .Don't leave; told D. Don't leave; telling33.The composition is good, and there are few, ______, mistakes in it.A. when anyB. when not C .if any D. if not34.It was ______ he said ______ disappointed me.A. what ; thatB. that; thatC. what ; whatD. that ; what35.---Has everyone in your class passed the driving test?---No, ______ only Yang Pei and I who ______ passed it.A. it was ; had B .there is ; have C. it is ; have D .it is ; has36.China's entry into the World Trade Organization has as important a meaning to China as ____.A. the United States B .it does to the United StatesC. with the United StatesD. which does to the United States37.--- I'm so tried and want to have a rest.---_______.A. Me, tooB.I, tooC. Me, alsoD.I, als38.Though _____, running does us much good.A. tiredB. tiringC. we tired D .it gets tired39. ―Where’s your brother?‖ ―At _______.‖A. Mr. Green’sB. the SmithC. the doctors’D. house of Mr. John40.It was not ______ she took off her dark glasses ______ I realized she was a famous film star.A .until ; when B. when; that C. until; that D. when; them41. ―Have you ever tasted this kind of bread?‖ ―______.‖A. Not everB. Already notC. Not yet D .Still not42. ―Do you like tea or coffee?‖ ―_______.‖A. NeitherB. Yes, I doC. Thank youD. No, I don’t43. ―_____ one will fit you better?‖―_____. I’m not a man who is hard to please.‖A. What; EachB. Which; Neither C . Which; Either D. What; both44.--- Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day?--- _______ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.A. GetB. GettingC. To getD. To be getting45. ―Who is swimming in the lake?‖ ―______.‖A. Brown areB. It’s BrownC. Who is BrownD. Brown is that man46.May I borrow your recorder? ______.A. Yes, I’d like toB. Yes, give it to youC. Yes, here you areD. Yes, take it47. ―It is a sunny day, isn’t it?‖ ―_____.‖A. So is todayB. So it isC. So is itD. It is so48. _______ , I'd have told you.A. If I would have known itB. If I had have known ifC. Had I known itD. Should I know it49. _______ today, he would get there by Friday.A. Would he leaveB. Was he leavingC. Were he to leaveD. If he leaves50."What's made Ruth so upset?" "______ three tickets to the folk music concert."A. LostB. LosingC. Because ofD. Since she lost经典试题回顾答案：1-5 CBDBD 6-10 ABBAC 11-15 ABBBB 16-20 DAADA巩固练习答案：1-5 AAABB 6-10 DBADA 11-15 CDCDC 16-20 ABADA 21-25 ACBCC26-30 CCCCA 31-35 BCCAC 36-40 BABAC 41-45 CACCB 46-50 CBCCB。

一，this，that和it用法(1)this和that是指示代词，it是人称代词。

(2)距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。

如： This is a flower. 这是一朵花。

(近处) That is a tree. 那是一棵树。

(远处)(3)放在一起的两样东西，先说this, 后说that。

如：This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。

那是一支铅笔。

(4)向别人介绍某人时说This is…, 不说That is…。

如：This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦，海伦，这是汤姆。

(5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。

如：This is a bike. That’s a car. 这是一辆自行车。

那是一辆轿车。

(6)打电话时，介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。

如：—Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂，是格林小姐吗？—Yes, this is. Who’s that? 是的，我是，你是谁？注意：虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”，但英语中打电话时绝不可以说：I am…, Are you…？/Who are you?(7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。

如：①—Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗？—Yes, it is. 是的，它是。

②—What’s that? 那是什么？—It’s a kite. 是只风筝。

二．these和those用法this, that, these和those是指示代词，these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。

①This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed. 这是我的床。