旅游英语___借鉴西班牙旅游发展经验来指导我国旅游业发展

旅游概论复习题〔一〕一、填空1、＿＿＿＿＿的出现标志着旅游的诞生。

2、＿＿＿＿＿旅行孕育着旅游的因子。

3、旅游是以＿＿为主，集＿＿、＿＿、＿＿、游、购、娱于一体的综合性社会活动。

4、国家旅游局的全称是＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿，是国务院直属的主管全国旅游行业的＿＿＿＿。

5、＿＿＿＿是世界上最早的旅行者，其目的是＿＿＿＿。

6、世界旅游历史开展大体分为＿＿＿＿、＿＿＿＿、＿＿＿＿三个时期。

7、第二次世界大战后，世界旅游迅速的开展，其原因是多方面的，但根本的原因是＿＿＿＿＿＿。

8、托马斯·库克是＿＿＿人。

9、国家旅游局成立的时间是＿＿＿＿。

10、＿＿＿＿是推动旅游者进展旅游活动的心理因素。

11、旅游者的社会条件，一指＿＿＿＿＿和＿＿＿＿＿；二指＿＿＿＿＿＿。

12、旅游资源是指足以吸引旅游者＿＿＿＿的＿＿＿＿＿和＿＿＿＿＿＿因素的总称。

黄山四绝——云海、奇松、怪石和温泉属于＿＿＿旅游资源；北京天坛属于＿＿＿旅游资源。

13、主题公园的典型代表是1954年始建于美国的＿＿＿。

二、单项选择题。

1、“迁徙〞与“旅行〞共同的外部特征是：〔〕A、都是自然行为B、都是自由行为C、都是空间移动D、都具有非功利性2、采猎生产活动受〔〕的影响最直接。

A、社会生活B、自然环境C、经济条件D、人类意识3、人类旅行观念产生的社会根底和条件是〔〕的产生。

A、农业B、手工业C、商业D、旅游业4、“山水无绿不成景，风景无文没有情〞说明〔〕是一定社会文化环境的化身。

A、旅游者B、旅游资源C、旅游设施D、管理效劳5、旅游从业人员的言谈举止都会表现出一国居民的文化素养，说明〔〕是一定社会文化环境的自我表现形式。

A、旅游者B、旅游资源C、旅游设施D、管理效劳6、在泰国曼谷的皇恩大酒店的大厅中供奉着象面菩萨〔泰国佛教中的菩萨〕。

这说明旅游具有〔〕A、文化性质B、经济性质C、社会性质D、季节性质7、每年9——12月份，会有约二三十万上海人到巴城阳澄湖景区度假，期间当地的饭店和宾馆爆满；而在一年的其他时间里，到这里来度假人却很稀少。

（旅游英语）环球之旅—西班牙Origins and History of Bullfighting西班牙斗牛历史由来以久。

在阿尔达米拉岩洞中发现的新石器时代的岩壁画中，就有人与牛搏斗的描绘。

据说，曾统治西班牙的古罗马的凯撒大帝就曾骑马斗牛。

在这之后的约六百年时间里，斗牛一直是西班牙贵族显示勇猛骠悍的专利项目。

十八世纪，波旁王朝统治西班牙，第一位国王费利佩五世认为斗牛过于危险，会伤害王室成员的性命，禁止贵族玩斗牛，至此这一传统的贵族体育才从宫庭来到了民间。

西班牙斗牛选用的是生性暴烈的北非公牛。

由特殊的驯养场负责牛种的纯正。

一般驯养四、五年后即可使用。

斗牛表演通常在下午进行，每场由三个斗牛士分别斗六头牛。

斗牛表演是西班牙为数不多的准时开始的活动。

如晚到，须等一头牛斗完后方可入场。

Bullfighting is certainly one of the best known,although at the same time the most controversialSpanish popular customs.This Fiesta could not existwithout the Toro Bravo(happiness, joy,欢呼，喝彩), aspecies of bull from an archaic(古代的，古老的) bloodline(血统;家族) that is conserved(保留，沿袭) only in Spain.Many civilizations revered(尊敬，崇拜) these bulls. The bull-cultus(拜牛祭祀)on the Greek island Creta is quite well-known. The Bible tells of bulls being sacrificed(献祭，供奉) in honour of the divine(神的；天赐的) justice(公平；公正).Bulls played an important part in the religious ceremonies(宗教仪式) of Iberian(居住在外高加索的古伊比利亚人) tribes living in Spain during prehistoric(史前的，原始的) times.The origins of the Plaza (bullring,斗牛场) are probably not the Romanamphitheaters(古罗马的圆形剧场, 竞技场) but the Celtic-Iberian(凯尔特-伊比利亚人的) temples where ceremonies were held. In the province of Soria(索里亚,西班牙地名), near Numancia(奴曼西亚,西班牙地名), one such temple is preserved and it is supposed that bulls were sacrificed to the Gods here.While the cult worship (顶礼膜拜)of the bull goes back to the Iberians,it was the Greek and Roman influences that converted(皈依,劝说相信某一特定宗教、信仰或信念) it into a spectacle(公开表演或展示).During the middle ages(中世纪；中古时代) it was a diversion(娱乐，消遣) for the aristocracy(贵族) to rear ( rise on the hind legs,直立在马上) on horseback. This was called suerte de cañas(西班牙贵族站立在马背上骑马的活动). In the 18th century this tradition was more or less abandoned (被放弃的，被抛弃的) and the poorer population invented the bullfight on foot.Francisco Romero was a key-figure in laying the rules(lay the rules 制订规则) for this new sport. For its fans La Corrida (西班牙语，斗牛) is of course more of an art than a sport, as well as being the challenge of man fighting against beast (n. 野兽). It is an archaic (古老的，陈旧的) tradition that has survived in Spain.What a Corrida is aboutIf you are not familiar with Corridas, you will find listed herechronologically (adv. 按年代顺序排列地) everything that happens. So you may decide by yourself if you want to see one while you are visiting Spain.A Corrida starts with the paseillo ([西]斗牛赛的最早形式), when everyone involved in the bullfight should Array enter the ring (斗牛场) and present themselves to thepublic. Two Alguacilillos ([西]matadors trainee,新手斗牛士), on horseback, direct themselves to the presidency(当时的国王) and symbolically (adv.象征性地) ask for thekeys to the "puerta de los toriles" ([西]传说中的圣城). Behind that door are the bulls.With the door being opened and the first bull entering the ring thespectacle begins. It consists of three parts, called tercios ([西]整个斗牛赛分三环节), each being separated by horn-signals. There are three toreros (徒步的斗牛士) in each Corrida, by the way, and each will have to rear two bulls.In the first tercio the bullfighter uses the capote ([西]紫黄色的斗牛布), a large rag of purple and yellow coloring. Next, two picadors (骑马的斗牛士) enter on horseback each armed with a type of lance (n. 标枪，长矛).The second part is la suerte de banderillas. Three banderilleros haveto stick a pair of banderillas ([西]斗牛士用来刺牛的矛) into the attacking bull's back.In the final "suerte suprema" the bullfighter uses the muleta (一种红色的斗牛布), a small red rag. He has to show his faena ([西]斗牛士在击杀牛前炫示技能的劈刺动作), his mastery to dominate (v. 控制、支配) the bull, and to establish an artificial (adj.人造的, 虚假的) relationship between man and beast. The Corrida ends with the torero (徒步的斗牛士) killing the bull with his sword (n. 剑).I think you will agree what a wonderful and exciting country Spain is,so diversified (adj.多样变化的, 形形色色的), steeped (steep v. 泡, 浸; 笼罩)in history and very culturally special, peaceful and tranquil (adj. free from anxiety, tension, or restlessness宁静的；镇定的), laid back with its superb (adj.美好的, 极好的) climate and sun-drenched (drench v.湿透) beaches and crystal clear (adj. absolutely clear;极其透明的；清澈的) waters beckoning (beckon v. 引诱，诱惑) you to sample them for yourself.The people are so friendly, leaving 007 with such wonderful memoriesand treasures in my mind that now I can share with you. Spain is one of 007 top destinations and would recommend visiting this country to anybody. Please email me for any more information on anything whatsoever (pron.无论如何).Now I want to tell you about the Flamenco dance (佛来明哥舞风格,是安达鲁西亚吉普赛人的一种强劲的、常伴随有即兴节奏的舞蹈风格) in a little more detail, as this is such a wonderful sight to see. The music will haunt (v. come to mind continually; 时常萦绕心头) you for many years to come with lasting (adj.持久的, 永久的, 永恒的) memories.FlamaencoFlamenco is a genuine (adj. 真的，正品的，非伪造的)Spanish art, and to be more exact is a genuine SouthernSpanish art. It exists in three forms: Cante, the song, Baile,the dance, and Guitarra, guitar playing.Gypsies (吉卜赛人) are very often named as thefathers of Flamenco, and at the very least, we can be surethat they played an important part in its creation. However,the popular songs and dances of Andalusia also influenced early Flamencoconsiderably (adv.相当地).(Gypsy: A member of a nomadic people that arrived in Europe inmigrations from northern India around the 14th century, now also living in NorthAmerica and Australia. Many Gypsy groups have preserved elements of theirtraditional culture, including an itinerant existence, tribal organization, and theRomany language.吉卜赛人：大约在14世纪从北印度移民到欧洲的游牧民族的一支，现在在北美和澳大利亚也有分布。

Life of Studying Abroad留学生活 2022年10月20日·第20期9月27日是“世界旅游日”。

这个节日的设定主要是为了促进旅游业的发展，由世界旅游组织在墨西哥城于1979年9月创立。

世界旅游日的意义不仅可以发展国际、国内旅游，还能促进各国文化、艺术、经济、贸易的交流，增进各国人民的相互了解，推动社会进步。

世界旅游组织每年也都会提出宣传口号，从20世纪80年代伊始“旅游业的贡献：文化遗产的保护与不同文化之间的相互理解”到新世纪2021年“旅游促进包容性增长”，世界各国旅游组织也都会根据宣传口号和要求开展活 动。

语言是人与人之间的一种交流方式，人类彼此的交际离不开语言，不同国家、民族的语言是了解多样性世界的窗户。

留学生学习之余旅游在异国他乡时，可以适当了解掌握一些所在国语言的基本常用表达，不仅可以感受不同的文化、玩转各大景点，还可以帮助自己更好地融入新环境，在遇到困难时获得更加及时的帮助。

法国法国是世界第一大旅游接待国。

2019年，该国全年接待游客约9000万人次，国际旅游收入579亿欧元，居世界第三。

法国旅游业产值占其国内生产总值的8%，直接、间接创造就业岗位200万个。

2020年，该行业受到新冠肺炎疫情影响，仅接待外国游客约4000万人次，较2019年减少56%，国际旅游收入较2019年减少了50%。

截至2021年1月，法国共有17405家酒店、8239家野外宿营地、3669家各类小旅店、青年之家等。

经国务院批准，包括法国在内的欧盟国家已经成为中国公民组团出国旅游的主要目的地国。

2004年9月1日，中国公民赴欧旅游首发团抵达法国。

我国公民赴法国旅游人数连续多年快速增长，2019年，我国公民出境游首站赴法73.56万人次，法国公民访华49.10万人次。

在法国游玩，常用的法语词汇和句子有：b o n j o u r（你好），a u r e v o i r（再见），merci / merci beaucoup（谢谢/非常感谢），de r ien（没关系）。

高三英语旅游可持续发展的策略关键练习题30题1.Sustainable tourism is important because it can help protect the environment and _____.A.promote economic growthB.cause pollutionC.damage natural resourcesD.reduce tourist numbers答案：A。

可持续旅游重要的原因之一是它可以帮助保护环境以及促进经济增长。

选项B“cause pollution”（ 造成污染）与可持续旅游的目的相悖；选项C“damage natural resources”（ 破坏自然资源）也不符合可持续旅游的理念；选项D“reduce tourist numbers”（ 减少游客数量）不是可持续旅游的主要目的。

2.One of the key aspects of sustainable tourism is to _____.A.overuse natural resourcesB.preserve cultural heritageC.ignore local communitiesD.build large hotels答案：B。

可持续旅游的一个关键方面是保护文化遗产。

选项A“overuse natural resources”（ 过度使用自然资源）错误；选项C“ignore local communities” 忽视当地社区）不对；选项D“build large hotels” 建造大型酒店）不一定符合可持续旅游要求。

3.Sustainable tourism aims to balance economic development, socialwell-being and _____.A.environmental protectionB.environmental destructionC.ignore the environmentD.reduce social interaction答案：A。