全国2018年4月00522英语国家概况自考试题

全国2011年4月自学考试英语国家概况试题(总分100, 做题时间150分钟)课程代码：00522I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think**pletes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, 1 point for each)1._______ is NOT a political division on the island of Great Britain.SSS_SINGLE_SELA IrelandB WalesC EnglandD Scotland2._______ , King of Wessex, is known as “the father of British Navy” who founded a strong fleet which first beat the Danes at sea.SSS_SINGLE_SELA AlfredB HenryC EdwardD William3.The _______ Conquest in 1066 is perhaps the best known event in English history.SSS_SINGLE_SELA RomanB VikingC Anglo-SaxonD Norman4._______was the modern name given to the deadly bubonic plague, an epidemic disease spread by rat fleas in the 14th century.SSS_SINGLE_SELA CholeraB MalariaC Black DeathD Yellow Fever5.The name Wars of Roses was, in fact, coined by the great 19th century novelist_______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA Walter ScottB Ben JohnsonC Francis BaconD Edmund Spenser6.Winston Churchill was heavily defeated at the general election of 1945 because _______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA he did not act as a great war leaderB he failed to lead his country to victoryC people wanted Britain to return to the politics of the 1920s and 30sD the Conservative Party’s traditional principles seemed old-fashioned7._______ overthrew the feudal system in England and is generally regarded as the beginning of modern world history.SSS_SINGLE_SELA Puritan RevolutionB The War of RosesC The English Civil WarD The Glorious Revolution8.The British Monarchy has been in existence for more than 1,000 years going back to at least the _______ century.SSS_SINGLE_SELA 8thB 9thC 10thD 11th9.In the line of succession to the throne, _______ have precedence over other candidates (heirs).SSS_SINGLE_SELA the monarch’s sonsB the queen’s sistersC the monarch’s brothersD the queen’s daughters10._______ is NOT a constitutional part of the British Parliament.SSS_SINGLE_SELA The CabinetB The SovereignC The House of LordsD The House of Commons11.Each session of the British Parliament usually lasts for_______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA one yearB two yearsC four yearsD half a year12.In the general election, an MP candidate must deposit 500 pounds, which is returned if he or she receives _______ or more of the vote cast.SSS_SINGLE_SELA 5%B 10%C 15%D 20%13.Only in _______ are police officers allowed to carry firearms for personal protection and for duty purposes.SSS_SINGLE_SELA WalesB EnglandC ScotlandD Northern Ireland14.In Great Britain, almost _______of medical prescription items are supplied free.SSS_SINGLE_SELA 50%B 60%C 70%D 80%15.The two established churches in Britain are_______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA Church of England and Church of WalesB Church of Ireland and Church of EnglandC Church of Ireland and Church of ScotlandD Church of England and Church of Scotland16.Full time first-degree university courses usually last _______ in England.SSS_SINGLE_SELA 2 yearsB 3 yearsC 4 yearsD 5 years17._______ is a “quality” newspaper in Britain.SSS_SINGLE_SELA The SunB The TimesC The Daily StarD The Daily Mirror18.The home of golf is_______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA WalesB EnglandC ScotlandD Northern Ireland19.In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of_______.SSS_SINGLE_SELAthe Prime MinisterBthe Lord ChancellorCthe Duke of EdinburghDthe Speaker of the House of Commons20._______was the British Prime Minister who adopted appeasement policy to Nazi Germany during the Second World War.SSS_SINGLE_SELA Tony BlairB Margaret ThatcherC Winston ChurchillD Neville Chamberlain21.The percentage of immigrants in the United States varies greatly from region to region with the _______United States accounting for 14.8% of foreign-born population in the 1980s.SSS_SINGLE_SELA SouthernB NorthernC WesternD Eastern22.In the U.S. the high birth rate during the “baby boom” mainlyrefers to the period _______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA 1920—1930B 1946—1964C 1972—1982D 1980—199023.In 1607 the first English colony in America was founded at Jamestown,_______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA MaineB VirginiaC MassachusettsD New Hampshire24.After the United States bought the _______ for only $15 million, its territory almost doubled.SSS_SINGLE_SELA Ohio TerritoryB Gadsden TerritoryC Louisiana TerritoryD New Mexico Territory25.When Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation called_______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA the Confederate UnionsB the Federal States of AmericaC the Federal Union of AmericaD the Confederate States of America26.The Civil War ended with the passing of the _______to the Constitution, which banned slavery in the United States.SSS_SINGLE_SELA Tenth AmendmentB Eleventh AmendmentC Twelfth AmendmentD Thirteenth Amendment27.Which of the following statements is NOT a reason to explain the rapid growth of capitalism after the Civil War?SSS_SINGLE_SELA The U.S. federal government put low taxes on foreign imports.B There was enough labor supply for the development of American industries.C Science and invention played a key role in accelerating America’s industrial development.D With the war over, both foreign and domestic capital became available for investment.28.The Peace Conference after World War I in 1918 was dominated by the Big Four, that is _______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA the United States, Britain, Japan and ItalyB the United States, Russia, France and ItalyC the United States, Britain, France and ItalyD the United States, Britain, France and China29.Which of the following statements about Franklin Roosevelt is NOT true?SSS_SINGLE_SELA He was a **municator.B He had a sure sense of what seemed practical or possible.C He called out the army to drive out the World War I veterans.D His fireside chats over the radio were listened to by millions of people.30.The incident that made the United States formally declare war against the Axis Powers was _______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA the Great DepressionB the attack on the Soviet UnionC the Japanese invasion of ChinaD the bombing of Pearl Harbor in 194131.During the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962, President _______finally decided to use naval force to prevent military material and arms from going into Cuba.SSS_SINGLE_SELA NixonB JohnsonC KennedyD Eisenhower32.After the Geneva Conference on Indochina in 1954, the United States replaced _______as the main force in providing aid for South Vietnam.SSS_SINGLE_SELA JapanB BritainC FranceD Turkey33.In the United States, amendments must have the approval of _______of the states before they enter into force.SSS_SINGLE_SELA one-thirdB two-thirdsC two-fifthsD three-fourths34.The U.S. Constitution provides that the _______shall be President of Senate.SSS_SINGLE_SELA PresidentB Chief JusticeC Vice PresidentD Attorney General35.In the United States, _______period of the party system arose in the last years of the 18th century over the debate on the ratification of the Constitution.SSS_SINGLE_SELA the firstB the secondC the thirdD the fourth36.Under the Constitution, _______is the federal official primarily responsible for the relations with foreign nations.SSS_SINGLE_SELA the presidentB the federal chief justiceC the Speaker of the HouseD the Senate Majority Leader37.In the U.S., the revenues for public schools **e from_______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA states and localitiesB **munitiesC state boards of educationD federal government and states38.American higher education began with the founding of _______in 1636.SSS_SINGLE_SELA Yale UniversityB Harvard CollegeC University of VirginiaD Princeton University39.Rip Van Winkle is a character from the famous book _______written by Washington Irving.SSS_SINGLE_SELA The Sketch BookB The Scarlet LetterC A History of New YorkD Poor Richard’s Almanac40.Which of the following statements about New Year’s Day is NOT true?SSS_SINGLE_SELA In the U.S. it is a nationally observed holiday.B It is thought of as a good time to make the New Year decisions.C Most people like to hold big parties and make pumpkin lanterns on that day.D The celebration of this holiday begins the night before—on New Year’s Eve.41.The Irish lowland _______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA is a rocky areaB has many high mountainsC is covered by green forestsD has different landscapes from place to place42.Which of the following statements about the weather of Ireland is true?SSS_SINGLE_SELA It has a lot of rainfall.B It often snows in winter.C It is a country of sunshine.D It is quite windy throughout the year.43.Today, Ireland is _______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA a colony of Great BritainB a free state within Great BritainC an independent and sovereign stateD a member of the **monwealth44.The city that has an ice-free harbor as Canada’s major outlet to the Pacific Ocean is_______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA OttawaB QuebecC TorontoD Vancouver45.Nowadays, _______are the natives in Canada.SSS_SINGLE_SELA French-speaking peopleB English-speaking peopleC the Canadian Indians and InuitD the early immigrants from Europe46.Politically Australia is divided into six states and Sydney is the capital of_______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA VictoriaB QueenslandC South AustraliaD New South Wales47.In Australia, about a quarter of the national income is from the _______ of Western Australia.SSS_SINGLE_SELA lumberingB agricultureC shipbuildingD mineral export48.Earthquakes in New Zealand do not cause many deaths because of_______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA the dormant volcanoesB the concrete building materialsC the small population in many areasD the mild magnitude of the earthquakes49.New Zealand remains green all year round because_______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA there is enough bushesB the trees are deciduousC its native trees are evergreenD the trees can receive enough sunshine50.The reason why Maori workers moved to the cities to make a living after World War II is that_______.SSS_SINGLE_SELA they lost their landB they learned skills during the warC they lost their social and cultural linksD they regained their identity as the native peopleII. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points for each)51.On which day does Easter fall?SSS_TEXT_QUSTI52.What are the four Scottish universities established in the 14th and 15th centuries?SSS_TEXT_QUSTI53.What kinds of courses require five-year study in British universities?SSS_TEXT_QUSTI54.What was King Edward (1042-1066) known as?SSS_TEXT_QUSTI55.Give an example to illustrate the highly aggressive and intolerant nationalism in 1919 and 1920 in the United States.SSS_TEXT_QUSTI56.What was the key problem that affected the progress in U.S.-China relations from 1972 to 1979?SSS_TEXT_QUSTI57.What are the most memorable words Lincoln said in a short speech on the occasion of dedicating the national cemetery at Gettysburg in 1863?SSS_TEXT_QUSTI58.What is the American tradition of laissez faire?SSS_TEXT_QUSTI59.What explains the absence of large forests in Australia?SSS_TEXT_QUSTI60.Who is the head of the Australian government?SSS_TEXT_QUSTIIII. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each)61.Industrial RevolutionSSS_TEXT_QUSTI62.Bank HolidaySSS_TEXT_QUSTI63.Amerigo VespucciSSS_TEXT_QUSTI64.Research universitiesSSS_TEXT_QUSTI1。

重庆市2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试4月调研测试卷英语重庆市2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试4月调研测试卷英语本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

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录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

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例：How much is the shirt?A. ￡19.15.B. ￡9.15.C. ￡9.18.答案是B。

1. What is the weather going to be like tomorrow?A. Rainy.B. Cloudy.C. Sunny.2. What does the woman think of tomatoes?A. They are not tasty.B. They are really good.C. She doesn’t like them.3. Why can’t the woman sleep at night?A. The baby keeps crying.B. Her mother moved in recently.C. She is not used to her new role as a mother.4. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a library.B. In a laboratory.C. In a classroom.5. How much did the man pay for the coat?A. $200.B. $ 175.C. $ 150.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

最新7月全国自考英语国家概况试题及答案解析全国2018年7月自考英语国家概况试题课程代码：00522请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上。

全部题目用英文作答I. Multiple Choice Questions. (50 points, 1 point for each)Directions: In this part of the test, there are 50 unfinished statements or questions. For each of the unfinished statements or questions, four suggested answers marked, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on your Answer Sheet.1. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Britain?A. Great Britain and England are geographical names.B. The official name of Britain is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.C. Britain has four political divisions on the island of Great Britain.D. British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth in 1931.2. The successful Roman invasion took place in ______, headed by ______.A. 43 AD, the Emperor ClaudiusB. 43 AD, Julius CaesarC. 55 BC, Julius CaesarD. 55 BC, the Emperor Claudius3. During the fifth century when the Roman Empire fell, the Germanic ______ invaded and conquered Britain.A. Angles and CeltsB. Angles and PictsC. Angles and BritonsD. Angles and Saxons4. In the year 597, England began to be Christianized. It was mainly due to the work of ______.A. St. AugustineB. ConstantineC. Pope GregoryD. Ethelbert, king of Kent5. ______ is regarded by many Englishmen as the foundation of English liberties.A. The beginning of British ParliamentB. The People’s CharterC. The Petition of RightD. Magna Carta of 12156. ______ is known as “the father of the British navy”as he founded a strong fleet which first beat the Danes at sea.A. EthelredB. WilliamC. AlfredD. Edward7. Which of the following is NOT true about “Domesday Book”?A. It was compiled to discover how much to be called upon to pay by taxes.B. It was so called because it seemed to the English like the Book of Doom used on Judgment Day.C. It was completed as the result of a general survey of England.D. it is kept in the public library in London.8. The Lollards were ______ who had played a very important role in the Peasant Uprising of 1381.A. poor priests and itinerant preachersB. poets and writersC. merchantsD. craftsmen9. The word Renaissance is from ______, meaning “rebirth”, and was first applied by the ______ historian Jakob Burckhardt in 1860.A. English, SwissB. French, ItalianC. French, SwissD. English, Italian10. The significance of the Wars of the Roses was all the following EXCEPT that ______.A. feudalism received its death blowB. the great medieval nobility was much weakenedC. the king’s power now became limitedD. no less than 80 nobles of royal blood were killed in the wars11. The Religious Reformation in England was led by King ______, and the direct cause was his divorce case with ______.A. Henry VIII, Catherine of AragonB. Henry Tudor, Elizabeth of YorkC. Henry II, Eleanor of AquitaineD. Henry I, Matilda12. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Elizabeth I?A. Elizabeth I broke Mary’s ties with Rome.B. Elizabeth I restored her father’s independent Church of England.C. Elizabeth I’s religious reform was a compromise of vie ws.D. Elizabeth I’s religious settlement was acceptable to both extreme Protestants and ardent Catholics.13. After the Restoration, British Parliament passed a series of severe laws called ______ against the Puritans, now known as Nonconformists.A. the Act of SuccessionB. the Petition of RightC. the Clarendon CodeD. the Act of Supremacy14. The spark of the First World War was struck at Sarajevo on June 28 ______, when the ______ Crown Prince Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by a Serbian nationalist.A. 1913, GermanB. 1914,AustrianC. 1913, BulgarianD. 1914, English15. The leader of the House of Lords is ______.A. the Archbishops of CanterburyB. the MonarchC. the Prime MinisterD. the Lord Chancellor16. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of farming in England in the late 18th and early 19th centuries?A. Use of artificial fertilizer.B. Introduction of new agricultural machinery.C. The “open-field”system.D. A system of crop rotation.17. In the United Kingdom, police officers are NOT allowed to join ______ or to go on strike.A. a trade unionB. a political partyC. a clubD. a society18. The Church of England is NOT free to change its form of worship, as laid down in ______, without the consent of Parliament.A. the Bill of RightsB. the Provisions of OxfordC. the Constitutions of ClarendonD. the Book of Common Prayer19. The British universities are governed by ______ or by ______ and enjoy academic freedom.A. royal charters, Act of ParliamentB. the People’s Charter, the Reform Act of 1832C. the Great Charter, the Bill of RightsD. the Petition of Right, the Test Act20. Rupert Murdoch’s News International, one of the largest publishing corporations, owns the following national papers EXCEPT ______.A. the TimesB. the SunC. News of the WorldD. the Daily Telegraph21. Now about 80% to 90% of immigration to the United States is from ______.A. Asian and Hispanic countriesB. African countriesC. European countriesD. Central and South American countries22. The Declaration of Independence clearly explained the political theory behind the American Revolution which came from ______.A. the British philosopher John LockeB. the Italian philosopher John LockeC. the American president George WashingtonD. the American statesman Thomas Jefferson23. In 1787, all of the states except Rhode Island were represented to revise the Articles of Confederation at ______.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Constitutional ConventionD. the First US Congress24. In 1865, ______, which banned slavery, was added to the American Constitution.A. the Tenth AmendmentB. the Thirteenth AmendmentC. the Declaration of IndependenceD. the Bill of Rights25. Which of the following is NOT true about the Bill of Rights?A. It was meant to protect the blacks for the right to vote, to use the public facilities and to enjoy the sameeducation as white people.B. It was the first ten amendments to the American Constitution.C. It was not until the federalists agree to the Bill of Rights Amendments that ratification of the Constitution was assured.D. It guarantees the basic rights for the individual such as thefreedom of religion, freedom of speech, freedom ofthe press, and so on.26. As a result of ______, the territory owned by the United States almost doubled.A. the Louisiana PurchaseB. the peace treaty with MexicoC. the Gadsden PurchaseD. the armed uprising of the Americans in Texas27. After the World War I, the result of the ______ was the emergence of the ______.A. Peace Conference, Treaty of ParisB. Paris Conference, Versailles Treaty SystemC. Teheran Conference, V ersailles Treaty SystemD. Paris Conference, Munich Agreement28. ______ was not an idealist, not a dreamer, so he presented to Congress his program known as ______.A. John F. Kennedy, the New FrontierB. Theodore Roosevelt, the New DealC. Woodrow Wilson, the program of New FreedomD. Franklin D. Roosevelt, the New Deal29. The decision of the setting-up of a world organization—the United Nations was made at the ______.A. Yalta ConferenceB. Geneva ConferenceC. Teheran ConferenceD. Paris Conference30. The Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union basically originated from ______.A. their different goals during the Second World WarB. their different attitudes toward GermanyC. their different attitudes toward Eastern EuropeD. their separate concepts of postwar world order31. The real purpose of the Marshal Plan is to ______.A. prevent Greece and Turkey from falling into the hands of the Soviet UnionB. support any country which said it was fighting against CommunismC. help Western Europe recover from the disrupted industrial productionD. prevent Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion32. Which of the following is NOT true about McCarthyism?A. It was the reflection of anti-Communism on the American society.B. It refers to the anti-Communist hysteria in the United States.C. The court played a role in approving the lawfulness of anti-Communist activities.D. It frightened a large number of Americans who felt it would be more dangerous to conform than to disagree with the majority.33. During the Cuban Missile Crisis, President ______ decided to use the naval force to prevent military materialand arms from getting into Cuba.A. Franklin D. RooseveltB. Harry TrumanC. John F. KennedyD. Ronald Reagan34. After the Geneva Conference, the United States replaced ______ and became the main force in providing aidfor ______.A. France, the North Vietnam governmentB. France, the South Vietnam governmentC. Britain, the North Vietnam governmentD. Britain, the South Vietnam government35. After the Watergate scandal happened in 1972, the President ______ had to resign. He is the first president to do so in the U.S. history.A. Ronald ReaganB. Harry TrumanC. John F. KennedyD. Richard Nixon36. ______ was elected president because in the late 1970s, the American society turned conservative.A. Ronald ReaganB. Jimmy CarterC. Richard M. NixonD. George Bush37. In America, the two major parties are really not very different today. But on economic issues, the ______traditionally favors government intervention while the ______ stresses the role of the market more.A. Democratic Party, Republican PartyB. Republican Party, Democratic PartyC. Whig Party, Democratic PartyD. Whig Party, Republican Party38. According to the Constitution, the American President must take care that all laws be faithfully executed. To carry out this responsibility, he presides over ______ of the federal government.A. the legislative branchB. the executive branchC. the judicial branchD. the American Congress39. According to the American Constitution, the Vice President shall be President of ______.A. the SenateB. the CongressC. the House of RepresentativesD. the Cabinet40. The six goals set by President Bush in his "America 2000" Plan are all the following EXCEPT ______.A. eliminating drugs and violence from the schoolB. improving the nation’s high-school graduation rate to at least 80%C. requiring students to demonstrate competency in English, mathematics, science, history and geographyD. ensuring that all adult Americans were literate41. Although relatively small in area, Ireland is large enough to show distinct regional variations in ______.A. climateB. ethnic minoritiesC. religionD. language42. Ireland’s population has been ______ during the past 100 years.A. stableB. increasingC. on declineD. doubled43. New Zealand is about 1,500 km to the ______.A. northeast of AustraliaB. southeast of AustraliaC. northwest of AustraliaD. southwest of Australia44. The first British settlers came to New Zealand in 1840 through ______, and they hoped to start model colonies by planned migration.A. the New Zealand CompanyB. the British East India CompanyC. a private immigration agencyD. the Dutch East India Company45. Canada is bounded on the north by ______, on the west by ______, and on the east by ______.A. the Arctic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic OceanB. Antarctica, the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic OceanC. the Arctic Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific OceanD. Antarctica, the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean46. In 1971, the Canadian Government adopted a policy of ______, recognizing that cultural pluralism within abilingual framework was the essence of the Canadian identity.A. unilingualismB. multilingualismC. biculturalismD. multiculturalism47. According to the new federal Immigration Act (1978), the following are the fundamental objectives ofCanadian immigration law EXCEPT ______.A. family reunionB. concern for refugeesC. promotion of the economic development of the countryD. preservation of British culture48. Which of the following is the longest river in Australia?A. The Murray.B. The Clutha.C. The Swan River.D. The Shannon River.49. The following animals are unique to Australia EXCEPT ______.A. kangaroosB. emusC. budgerigarsD. koalas50. The dominant aspect of Aboriginal culture was ______.A. rock paintings and story-tellingB. religious ceremoniesC. the DreamtimeD. the balance between the people and their environmentII. Answer the Questions. (30 points, 3 points for each)Directions: Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.51. What is the cause of the decline of the British Empire?52. Why is the English Civil War also called the Puritan Revolution?53. What dose the British Parliament consist of?54. Why did the American Civil War break out?55. What are the two special powers of the Senate in America?56. Why is the board of trustees which governs American colleges and universities composed primarily oflaymen?57. Under what treaty was modern New Zealand founded?58. What happened to the French colony after the Seven Years’ War between Britain and France?59. What happened after the English king was declared the head of the Church of Ireland, replacing the Pope?60. How many political divisions are there in Australia? What are they?III. Term Explanation. (20 points, 5 points for each)Directions: Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet in around 40 words.61. NHS62. Whigs and Tories63. Electoral College64. "Manifest Destiny"。

自考英语国家概况2022年04月真题及自考英语国家概况2022年04月真题解析1.[单选题] Which of the following rivers goes through the city of London?A.The Forth.B.The Severn.C.The Thames.D.The Mersey.2.[单选题] About 500 BC_______began to arrive in Britain and kept coming until thearrival of the Romans.A.the JutesB.the AnglesC.the CeltsD.the Saxons3.[单选题] Located in Wales, ________is an important city in the UK.A.BelfastB.CardiffC.LiverpoolD.Edinburgh4.[单选题] In the reign of______, Britain lost the French port of Calais.A.Elizabeth IB.Edward VIC.Henry VIIID.Mary Tudor5.[单选题] The name Great Britain came into being when, in 1707, the Act of Union unitedEngland and______.A.WalesB.ScotlandC.Southern IrelandD.Northern Ireland6.[单选题] The Parliament Act in 1911 strictly limited the powers of_______, making theCommons the supreme legislative body.A.the LordsB.the CabinetC.the CrownD.the Church of England7.[单选题] What might be the immediate cause of the UK’s entry into WWI?A.Germany’s invasion of Belgium.B.The assassination of Franz Ferdinand.C.Austrian declaration of war on Serbia.D.Germany’s declaration of war on Russia.8.[单选题] The discovery of oil in______has made the UK self-sufficient in oil.A.the Irish SeaB.the Black SeaC.the North SeaD.the Mediterranean9.[单选题] The Labour Party and______have been the dominant party in the UK sincethe mid-1920s.A.the Republican PartyB.the Liberal DemocratsC.the Conservative PartyD.the Scottish National Party10.[单选题] Which of the following was a consequence of the Norman Conquest on England?A.English became the official language in England.B.The feudal system was completely established in England.C.The England''s commerce with the Continent was severely weakened.D.The English church courts were more closely related to the civil courts.11.[单选题] How do most students in the UK pay for their college education?A.They do part-time jobs.B.They get state-funded grants.C.They pay for it after graduation.D.They get support from their parents.12.[单选题] In 1265, Simon de Montfort summoned the Great Council to meet at_______,and the meeting was seen as that of the earliest parliament.A.BedfordB.CanterburyC.WestminsterD.Winchester13.[单选题] Which of the following is a newspaper of Northern Ireland?A.The Herald.B.The Daily RecordC.The Western Mail.D.The Belfast Telegraph.14.[单选题] _______forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the USA.A.The Colorado RiverB.The Rio Grande RiverC.The American RuhrD.The Gulf of California15.[单选题] Which of the following was the chief center of the American War of Independence?A.The South.B.The Midwest.C.New England.D.The Middle Atlantic States.16.[单选题] What language has official status in the state of New Mexico?A.French.B.Russian.C.Spanish.D.Portuguese.17.[单选题] In September 1783, by______Britain recognized the independence of theUnited States.A.the Treaty of ParisB.the Alien and Sedition ActsC.the Declaration of IndependenceD.the Emancipation Proclamation18.[单选题] In______women in the USA were given the right to vote.A.1870B.1890C.1913D.192019.[单选题] In 1607, the English founded their first permanent settlement in_______onthe American continent.A.VirginiaB.MarylandC.ConnecticutD.Massachusetts20.[单选题] The nature of McCarthyism is_______.A.anti-racismB.anti-CommunismC.advocating free marketD.advocating environmental protection21.[单选题] John Maynard Keynes believed the government could enhance thedevelopment of economy by_______.A.limiting birthrateB.weakening manufacturingC.averaging household incomeD.controlling spending and taxes22.[单选题] ______ is often considered the father of American drama.A.William IngeB.Arthur MillerC.Eugene O’NeillD.Tennessee Williams23.[单选题] _______, as "the national sport,” is the oldest of the major American team sports.A.BaseballB.FootballC.BasketballD.Ice hockey24.[单选题] In Canada______can introduce bills involving taxation.A.the Supreme CourtB.the House of CommonsC.the SenateD.the Governor-General25.[单选题] Among the natural regions of Canada, farthest east is_______.A.the Canadian ShieldB.the Arctic RegionC.the Appalachian RegionD.the Cordilleran Region26.[单选题] There have been nine major occurrences of_______in Australia since 1788due to its location and geographical features.A.floodB.droughtndslideD.earthquake27.[单选题] As the federal capital of Australia, Canberra balances the power between two ________centers of Sydney and Melbourne.A.economicB.politicalcationD.population28.[单选题] Ireland is called the Emerald Isle because of______.A.its rich green countrysideB.its rich emerald stonesC.its surrounding blue seaD.its numerous islands29.[单选题] _______, the capital of Ireland, is known for its theaters and writers.A.DublinB.CorkC.LimerickD.Waterford30.[单选题] Ireland enjoys a climate of western maritime under the influence of_______.A.the Indian OceanB.the Pacific OceanC.the Arctic OceanD.the Atlantic Ocean31.[案例题] A.1867B.the NetherlandsC.the Easter RisingD.Thanksgiving DayE.subjectF.James JoyceG.Veterans DayH.the prime ministerI.The English Civil WarJ.AlfredK.the Treaty of WaitangiL.the Governor-General1.Known as “the father of the British navy,”_______founded a strong fleetwhich first beat the Danes at sea.32.[案例题] 2.During nearly 400 years of control of Britain, the Romans always treated theBritons as a _______ people of slave class.33.[案例题] 3.________marked the beginning of modem world history because it shook thefoundation of the feudal rule in Europe.34.[案例题] 4.Americans celebrate_______to honor veterans of all wars in which the UShas fought.35.[案例题] 5.The first immigrants in American history came from England and_______.36.[案例题] 6.Once a colony of Great Britain, Canada became independent in______through the British North America Act.37.[案例题] 7.In 1840, on behalf of the British government, William Hobson signed______with Maori chiefs in New Zealand.38.[案例题] 8.In Australia, Britain’s monarch is officially represented by______and six state governors.39.[案例题] 9.The armed Irish uprising against the British rule in 1916 is known as_______.40.[案例题] 10.Ulysses was written by the Irish novelist_______.41.[案例题] Wars of the Roses42.[案例题] ANZUS Treaty43.[案例题] What was the effect of the Glorious Revolution on the British form of government?44.[案例题] How important is trade in the UK’s economy?45.[案例题] What role did Martin Luther King play in the Civil Rights Movement?46.[案例题] For what purpose did the British government put the Stamp Tax into effect in America?47.[案例题] What are the main factors shaping the Canadian climate?48.[案例题] Who are the aboriginal people of Canada?49.[案例题] Why is Australia rich in unique species of animals and plants?50.[案例题] Why was Australia called a prison colony when it was founded in the late 1700s?51.[案例题] What is the base of support of the Labor Party in NewZealand?52.[案例题] What caused the fall of the Irish population in the 19th century?53.[案例题] What are the distinct characteristics of the US government?11。

全国2019年4月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题课程代码：00522全部题目用英文作答，否则不计分。

PART ONE (40 POINTS)I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinishedstatement or question, four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(40 points,1 point for each)1. British recorded history begins with the _____ invasion.A. RomanB. VikingC. Anglo-SaxonD. Norman2. The Authorized Version of the Bible (published in 1611) was made by _____ command.A. Edward IV’sB. James I’sC. Elizabeth I’sD. Henry V III’s3. In the United Kingdom, succession is founded on the _____ principle. Sons of the Sovereign have precedence over daughters in succeeding to the throne.A. ethicalB. obligationC. hereditaryD. public relations4. In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of _____.A. the SpeakerB. the Lord ChancellorC. the Duke of EdinburghD. the Prime Minister5. The most important prehistoric monument of the Iberians was _____.A. Maiden Castle in WiltshireB. Stonehenge in WiltshireC. Avebury in WiltshireD. Leeds Castle in Kent6. The Royal National Eisteddfod is a(n) _____ festival of poetry, music and other arts.A. EnglishB. ScottishC. WelshD. Irish7. In England no females were allowed to vote in national elections before _____.A. 1918B. 1920C. 1928D. 19458. The English Civil War is generally regarded as the beginning of modern _____ history.A. EuropeanB. ScottishC. WelshD. world9. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of _____.A. the Home SecretaryB. the Lord ChancellorC. the Prime MinisterD. the Attorney General10. During the 1970s Britain began producing petroleum from wells in _____.1A. the Irish SeaB. the North SeaC. the Dover StraitsD. the Cambrians11. The two very important crops in Britain are _____.A. barley and cornB. wheat and riceC. barley and oatsD. wheat and barley12. In Britain, a _____ is held when a Member of Parliament dies, retires or resigns.A. civic electionB. by-electionC. popular electionD. general election13. What forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States?A. The Rio Grande River.B. The southern Rocky Mountains.C. The Colorado River.D. The Gulf of California.14. The financial, manufacturing and transportation center of the United States is _____.A. New YorkB. Washington D.C.C. PhiladelphiaD. Chicago15. One of the measures taken by the Roosevelt Administration in the New Deal was _____.A. to close down more banksB. to further loosen the control of financial institutionsC. to adopt a number of labor laws to raise the role of labor in the relations of productionD. to encourage farm production16. Most of the colleges and universities in the U.S. are located _____.A. in only 5 or 6 states along the Atlantic coastB. in the SouthC. in states with a large populationD. along the Atlantic and Pacific coasts17. Rock’n’ roll in the early 1960s in the United States was music for _____.A. teenagersB. black audienceC. white adult audienceD. people of all ages18. The major Hispanic groups in the United States are _____.A. the Mexicans and HaitiansB. the Puerto Ricans and CubansC. the Mexicans and the Puerto RicansD. the Mexicans, Puerto Ricans and Cubans19. Today, American people observe Veterans’ Day by _____.A. keeping two minutes of silence at 11∶00 A.M. on that dayB. holding veterans’ parades in their communitiesC. going to public cemeteries to pay tribute to war heroesD. going to churches for memorial services20. In the U.S., constitutional amendment can go into effect after it is approved by _____.A. a two-thirds vote of both housesB. three-fourths of the states2C. two-thirds of the statesD. half of the states21. When the president of the U.S. signs an act passed by Congress into law, it still can becancelled if _____.A. the lower federal court decides that it goes against previous lawsB. the Supreme Court decides that it goes against previous lawsC. the lower federal court decides it is unconstitutionalD. the Supreme Court decides it is unconstitutional22. President Nixon decided to resign because he _____.A. refused to hand over the White House tapes to courtB. was tired of political struggle in Washington D.C.C. came to see that most probably he would be impeachedD. was deserted by the Republican Party23. In the United States, the first largest immigration movement took place _____.A. right after the War of IndependenceB. in the mid-1810sC. at the turn of the 20th centuryD. right after the Civil War24. The following are the factors that have contributed to the development of the U.S. economyEXCEPT _____.A. the vast space and resources of the landB. the ideals of freedom and economic opportunityC. English as its national languageD. hard work by the people25. Although Australia has a large area, _____ of the continent is desert or semi-desert.A. one –thirdB. two-thirdsC. halfD. more than half26. The Great Barrier Reef is included on the World Heritage list because it has _____.A. the most beautiful seascape in the worldB. the greatest number of islands in the worldC. the most diverse and complex marine life in the worldD. the longest coast in the world27. The first major discoveries, made in _____ in the early 1850s, resulted in gold rushes in Australia.A. QueenslandB. South AustraliaC. Victoria and TasmaniaD. Victoria and New South Wales28. In Australia, the role of the Senate is _____.A. to review bills passed by the House of RepresentativesB. to introduce "money bills"C. to interpret the ConstitutionD. to remove the prime minister from office29. In Australia, the leader of the majority party or the coalition heads the government as _____.3A. premierB. prime ministerC. chief executiveD. governor-general30. Traditionally, Australia has relied heavily on migrants _____.A. to build up its labor forceB. to defend its countryC. to change its way of lifeD. to improve its living standards31. In each of the ten Canadian provinces, the Queen is represented by _____.A. the speakerB. the Lord High CommissionerC. the Lieutenant-governorD. the Attorney-General32. By the British North America Act, Canada was made a _____ in 1867.A. dominionB. sovereign nationC. colonyD. member of the Commonwealth of Nations33. Who opened the interior of Canada to French fur traders and later colonizers in 1535?A. Samuel de Champlain.B. Jacques Cartier.C. John Cabot.D. Henry Hudson.34. Canada is bounded on the west by _____.A. the Pacific OceanB. the Atlantic OceanC. the Indian OceanD. the Arctic Ocean35. The majority of French-speaking Canadians live in _____.A. New BrunswickB. OntarioC. QuebecD. Nova Scotia36. The Parliament of Canada is made up of all the following EXCEPT _____.A. the CrownB. the SenateC. the House of CommonsD. the National Assembly37. The largest river in Ireland is _____.A. the Liffey RiverB. the Dodder RiverC. the Shannon RiverD. Lough Derg38. In Ireland Fianna Fail and Fine Gael are both descended from _____.A. the Irish Labor PartyB. Sinn FeinC. IRAD. the Progressive Democrats39. New Zealand’s highest peak is _____ in the mountain range called the central Southern Alps.A. Mount NgauruhoeB. Mount TongariroC. Mount CookD. Mount Taranaki40.Which of the following about New Zealand is true?A. New Zealand is a republic.B. Queen Elizabeth II is represented in New Zealand by the Governor-General.C.New Zealand has a bicameral parliament.D.New Zealand has three major political parties.PART TWO (60 POINTS)II.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(30 points,3 points for each)41.What is a "copyright" library in Britain?442.Why is December 26th called "Boxing Day" in Britain?43.What happened in London in 1952 when 4,000 people were left dead or dying? one of the two major mountain ranges in the United States.45.What are the causes of success for Asian-Americans?46.What is The Waste Land by T.S. Eliot considered?47.Who were the first British settlers in Canada?48.How do children in remote areas of Australia receive their education?49.What is largely responsible for the lack of extreme summer heat and winter cold in Ireland?50.What is New Zealand’s system of government?III. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words.(20 points,5 points for each)51.The City of London52.Tomb of the Unknown Soldier53.Earl Warren54.MaoritangaIV.Write between 100-120 words on EITHER of the following topics in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(10 points)55.Why is the United States called a nation of immigrants?56.What is the role of the Monarchy in the British government?5。

2018 年 4 月自考 00015 英语（二）真题2018 年4 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）第一部分：阅读判断（第 1〜10 题，每题 1 分，共 10 分）下面的短文后列出了 10 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。

在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

Life on the FarmLife on a farm is always changing. New technologies and a rising interest in healthier and organic eating have had a huge impact on how farms do business. At the same time, a growing population has put more demands on farmers. They need to find ways to increase their production levels. The small family farms that used to produce most of the products have been largely replaced by factory farms. Small family farms that are still operating are struggling to keep up.Technology has made most aspects of farm life easier than it has ever been before. Bigger and more efficient equipment makes work such as plowing up fields and sowing the seeds easier. Such tasks used to take two or three times as long. These advances have allowed farmers to work faster and more efficiently than ever before. In addition to newer technology, factory farms produce more products for less money than traditional farming would require.Modern farm life，despite the introduction of new technologies, has not changed much from what it has always been. Farmers still wake up early, and spend their days doing hard work. There are still animals to feed，cows to be milked, and fields to be plowed. Farm life still requires a lot of hard work and sacrifice.The main change in modern farm life is in the way farms are run. It is common for even small farms to have several hired workers and even an animal manager. Family-run farms are becoming rarer. Factory farms, with other larger farm corporations, are becoming the norm. Although there are still many traditional family farms, they are quickly dying as modern practices change farm life forever.1.Factory farms now produce most of theproducts. A．TrueB.FalseC.Not Given【答案】A【解析】题干大意：工厂农场现在生产大部分的产品。

全国2011年4月自学考试英语国家概况试题课程代码：00522I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, 1 point for each)1._______ is NOT a political division on the island of Great Britain.A. IrelandB. WalesC. EnglandD. Scotland2._______ , King of Wessex, is known as “the father of British Navy” who founded a strong fleet which first beat the Danes at sea.A. AlfredB. HenryC. EdwardD. William3. The _______ Conquest in 1066 is perhaps the best known event in English history.A. RomanB. VikingC. Anglo-SaxonD. Norman4. _______was the modern name given to the deadly bubonic plague, an epidemic disease spread by rat fleas in the 14th century.A. CholeraB. MalariaC. Black DeathD. Yellow Fever5. The name Wars of Roses was, in fact, coined by the great 19th century novelist_______.A. Walter ScottB. Ben JohnsonC. Francis BaconD. Edmund Spenser6. Winston Churchill was heavily defeated at the general election of 1945 because _______.A. he did not act as a great war leaderB. he failed to lead his country to victoryC. people wanted Britain to return to the politics of the 1920s and 30sD. the Conservative Party’s traditional principles seemed old-fashioned7._______ overthrew the feudal system in England and is generally regarded as the beginning of modern world history.第 1 页A. Puritan RevolutionB. The War of RosesC. The English Civil WarD. The Glorious Revolution8. The British Monarchy has been in existence for more than 1,000 years going back to at least the _______ century.A. 8thB. 9thC. 10thD. 11th9. In the line of succession to the throne, _______ have precedence over other candidates (heirs).A. the monarch’s sonsB. the queen’s sistersC. the monarch’s brothersD. the queen’s daughters10._______ is NOT a constitutional part of the British Parliament.A. The CabinetB. The SovereignC. The House of LordsD. The House of Commons11. Each session of the British Parliament usually lasts for_______.A. one yearB. two yearsC. four yearsD. half a year12. In the general election, an MP candidate must deposit 500 pounds, which is returned if he or she receives _______ or more of the vote cast.A. 5%B. 10%C. 15%D. 20%13. Only in _______ are police officers allowed to carry firearms for personal protection and for duty purposes.A. WalesB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland14. In Great Britain, almost _______of medical prescription items are supplied free.A. 50%B. 60%C. 70%D. 80%15. The two established churches in Britain are_______.A. Church of England and Church of WalesB. Church of Ireland and Church of EnglandC. Church of Ireland and Church of ScotlandD. Church of England and Church of Scotland16. Full time first-degree university courses usually last _______ in England.A. 2 yearsB. 3 yearsC. 4 yearsD. 5 years17. _______ is a “quality” newspaper in Britain.第 2 页A. The SunB. The TimesC. The Daily StarD. The Daily Mirror18. The home of golf is_______.A. WalesB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland19. In the United Kingdom, ministers are appointed by the Queen on the recommendation of_______.A. the Prime MinisterB. the Lord ChancellorC. the Duke of EdinburghD. the Speaker of the House of Commons20. _______was the British Prime Minister who adopted appeasement policy to Nazi Germany during the Second World War.A. Tony BlairB. Margaret ThatcherC. Winston ChurchillD. Neville Chamberlain21. The percentage of immigrants in the United States varies greatly from region to region with the _______United States accounting for 14.8% of foreign-born population in the 1980s.A. SouthernB. NorthernC. WesternD. Eastern22. In the U.S. the high birth rate during the “baby boom” mainly refers to the period _______.A. 1920—1930B. 1946—1964C. 1972—1982D. 1980—199023. In 1607 the first English colony in America was founded at Jamestown,_______.A. MaineB. VirginiaC. MassachusettsD. New Hampshire24. After the United States bought the _______ for only $15 million, its territory almost doubled.A. Ohio TerritoryB. Gadsden TerritoryC. Louisiana TerritoryD. New Mexico Territory25. When Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation called_______.A. the Confederate UnionsB. the Federal States of AmericaC. the Federal Union of AmericaD. the Confederate States of America26. The Civil War ended with the passing of the _______to the Constitution, which banned slavery in the United States.第 3 页A. Tenth AmendmentB. Eleventh AmendmentC. Twelfth AmendmentD. Thirteenth Amendment27. Which of the following statements is NOT a reason to explain the rapid growth of capitalism after the Civil War?A. The U.S. federal government put low taxes on foreign imports.B. There was enough labor supply for the development of American industries.C. Science and invention played a key role in accelerating America’s industrial development.D. With the war over, both foreign and domestic capital became available for investment.28. The Peace Conference after World War I in 1918 was dominated by the Big Four, that is _______.A. the United States, Britain, Japan and ItalyB. the United States, Russia, France and ItalyC. the United States, Britain, France and ItalyD. the United States, Britain, France and China29. Which of the following statements about Franklin Roosevelt is NOT true?A. He was a great communicator.B. He had a sure sense of what seemed practical or possible.C. He called out the army to drive out the World War I veterans.D. His fireside chats over the radio were listened to by millions of people.30. The incident that made the United States formally declare war against the Axis Powers was _______.A. the Great DepressionB. the attack on the Soviet UnionC. the Japanese invasion of ChinaD. the bombing of Pearl Harbor in 194131. During the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962, President _______finally decided to use naval force to prevent military material and arms from going into Cuba.A. NixonB. JohnsonC. KennedyD. Eisenhower32. After the Geneva Conference on Indochina in 1954, the United States replaced _______as the main force in providing aid for South Vietnam.A. JapanB. BritainC. FranceD. Turkey33. In the United States, amendments must have the approval of _______of the states before they enter into force.A. one-thirdB. two-thirdsC. two-fifthsD. three-fourths第 4 页34. The U.S. Constitution provides that the _______shall be President of Senate.A. PresidentB. Chief JusticeC. Vice PresidentD. Attorney General35. In the United States, _______period of the party system arose in the last years of the 18th century over the debate on the ratification of the Constitution.A. the firstB. the secondC. the thirdD. the fourth36. Under the Constitution, _______is the federal official primarily responsible for the relations with foreign nations.A. the presidentB. the federal chief justiceC. the Speaker of the HouseD. the Senate Majority Leader37. In the U.S., the revenues for public schools primarily come from_______.A. states and localitiesB. religious communitiesC. state boards of educationD. federal government and states38. American higher education began with the founding of _______in 1636.A. Yale UniversityB. Harvard CollegeC. University of VirginiaD. Princeton University39. Rip Van Winkle is a character from the famous book _______written by Washington Irving.A. The Sketch BookB. The Scarlet LetterC. A History of New YorkD. Poor Richard’s Almanac40. Which of the following statements about New Year’s Day is NOT true?A. In the U.S. it is a nationally observed holiday.B. It is thought of as a good time to make the New Year decisions.C. Most people like to hold big parties and make pumpkin lanterns on that day.D. The celebration of this holiday begins the night before—on New Year’s Eve.41. The Irish lowland _______.A. is a rocky areaB. has many high mountainsC. is covered by green forestsD. has different landscapes from place to place42. Which of the following statements about the weather of Ireland is true?A. It has a lot of rainfall.B. It often snows in winter.C. It is a country of sunshine.第 5 页D. It is quite windy throughout the year.43. Today, Ireland is _______.A. a colony of Great BritainB. a free state within Great BritainC. an independent and sovereign stateD. a member of the British commonwealth44. The city that has an ice-free harbor as Canada’s major outlet to the Pacific Ocean is_______.A. OttawaB. QuebecC. TorontoD. Vancouver45. Nowadays, _______are the natives in Canada.A. French-speaking peopleB. English-speaking peopleC. the Canadian Indians and InuitD. the early immigrants from Europe46. Politically Australia is divided into six states and Sydney is the capital of_______.A. VictoriaB. QueenslandC. South AustraliaD. New South Wales47. In Australia, about a quarter of the national income is from the _______ of Western Australia.A. lumberingB. agricultureC. shipbuildingD. mineral export48. Earthquakes in New Zealand do not cause many deaths because of _______.A. the dormant volcanoesB. the concrete building materialsC. the small population in many areasD. the mild magnitude of the earthquakes49. New Zealand remains green all year round because_______.A. there is enough bushesB. the trees are deciduousC. its native trees are evergreenD. the trees can receive enough sunshine50. The reason why Maori workers moved to the cities to make a living after World War II is that_______.A. they lost their landB. they learned skills during the war第 6 页C. they lost their social and cultural linksD. they regained their identity as the native peopleII. Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (30 points, 3 points for each)51. On which day does Easter fall?52. What are the four Scottish universities established in the 14th and 15th centuries?53. What kinds of courses require five-year study in British universities?54. What was King Edward (1042-1066) known as?55. Give an example to illustrate the highly aggressive and intolerant nationalism in 1919 and 1920 in the United States.56. What was the key problem that affected the progress in U.S.-China relations from 1972 to 1979?57. What are the most memorable words Lincoln said in a short speech on the occasion of dedicating the national cemetery at Gettysburg in 1863?58. What is the American tradition of laissez faire?59. What explains the absence of large forests in Australia?60. Who is the head of the Australian government?III. Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words. (20 points, 5 points for each)61. Industrial Revolution62. Bank Holiday63. Amerigo Vespucci64. Research universities第 7 页2011年4月全国自考英语国家概况参考答案第 8 页第 9 页。

全国2012年4月自学考试英语国家概况试题课程代码：00522I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet. (50 points, 1 point for each)1. About a hundred years ago, Britain ruled an empire that had colonies in ______.A. Europe, Africa and AsiaB. Australia, Africa and EuropeC. Asia, Africa and North AmericaD. Europe, Africa and North America2. The ______ tribes are ancestors of the highland Scots, the Irish and the Welsh.A. DanishB. CelticC. Anglo-SaxonD. Viking3. Which of the following statements about Roman Britain is true?A. The Romans remained in control of Britain for over 500 years.B. The Romans never treated the Britons as a subject people of slave class.C. During the four centuries, Romans and Britons had a lot of intermarriages.D. The Romans had no impact on the language or culture of ordinary Britons.4. Under ______, the feudal system in England was completely established.A. Edward IB. Henry IIC. King AlfredD. William the Conqueror5. _______ was, above all, responsible for the religious reform of the Church in the 16th century.A. Henry VIIB. Henry VIIIC. Edward IVD. Edward VI6. Mary Stuart, Queen of Scots, was Elizabeth I’s ______.A. sisterB. daughterC. cousinD. half-sister7. The English Renaissance was largely ______.A. literaryB. politicalC. religiousD. philosophical8.Loosely speaking, ______ opposed absolute monarchy and supported the right to religiousfreedom for Nonconformists.A. the WhigsB. the Tories1 再长的路，一步步也能走完，再短的路，不迈开双脚也无法到达。

2010年4月英语国家概况自考试题全国2010年4月自考英语国家概况试题课程代码：00522请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上I. Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question，four suggested answers marked A，B，C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(50 points，1 point for each)1.___________of 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in English history, in which William，the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his followers.A. The Roman ConquestB. The Anglo-Saxon ConquestC. The Norman ConquestD. The Celt Conquest2.As a result of the Black Death，___________.A. all land was left untendedB. no labor was required any longerC. 1and owners tended to change from arable to sheep-farmingD. surviving peasants were not able to bargain about their wages3.Which of the following statements about Elizabeth I(1 55 8-1 603)is true?A. Elizabeth was 35 when she came to the throne.B. Elizabeth remained single.C. Elizabeth was not able to work with Parliament.D. Her reign was a time of diminishing English nationalism.4. ___________ was not in the“Allies” in the First World War.A. BritainB. FranceC. RussiaD. Turkey5.The English Civil War is also called ___________ .A. the Revolutionary WarB. the Puritan RevolutionC. the ReformationD. the Renaissance6.The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The head of State is a king or a queen .In practice，___________.A. Parliament rules the countryB. the Sovereign reigns but does not ruleC. the Sovereign rules but does not reignD. the Prime Minister rules and reigns7.In January,1973，Britain finally became a full member ofthe___________，which was established by the Treaty of Rome in 1957.A. Organization of Economic Cooperation and DevelopmentB. Organization of European DevelopmentC. European Economic CommunityD. European Union8.The___________refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.A. UrbanizationB. Economic BoomC. Glorious RevolutionD. Industrial Revolution9.The major Christian festivals in Britain are___________ .A. Christmas, Easter and Mother’s DayB. Christmas, Easter and Whit SundayC. Christmas，Guy Fawkes Day and St. Patrick’s DayD. Christmas，Whit Sunday and St. George’s Day10.The Commonwealth of Nations is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. At present there are ___________ countries within the Commonwealth (1991).A. 30B. 40C. 50D. 6011.Among the three tribes of the Celts coming to Britain, the most industrious and vigorous of the Celtic tribes was the ___________ .A. GaelsB. BrythonsC. BelgaeD. Vikings12.Political change in England came mainly through___________.A. gradual reformB. revolutionC. people’s uprisingsD. working class move ment13.The two parties that have held power in Britain since 1945 are ___________ .A. the Democratic Party and the Republican PartyB. the Conservative Party and the Labor PartyC. the Labor Party and the Social Democratic PartyD. the Labor Party and the Democratic Party14.___________’s reign was a time of confident English nationalism and of great achievements in literature and other arts. in exploration and in battle.A. MaryB. Henry VIIIC. E1izabeth ID. Charles II15.After the Restoration，Parliament passed a series of severe laws called ____________against the Puritans，now known asNonconformists.A. Agreement of the PeopleB. the Petition of the RightC. the Clarendon CodeD. the Act of Supremacy16.Which statement about the“Wars of Roses”is NOT t rue?A. The king’s power now became supreme.B. Ordinary people were seriously affected.C. The wars were waged intermittently for 30 years.D. From these wars feudalism received its death blow.1 7.The finest exponents of Elizabethan drama in the English Renaissance were ___________ .A. Ben Johnson，Christopher Marlowe and Charles DickensB. Edmund Spenser, Charles Dickens and William ShakespeareC. William Shakespeare, Ben Johnson and Charles DickensD. William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe and Ben Johnson18.The Chartist movement was the first nationwide ___________ movement.A. working classB. lower middle classC. upper middle classD. upper class19.______________led the U.K. to final victory in the Second World War.A. Winston ChurchillB. Neville ChamberlainC. Tony BlairD. William Gladstone20.Which statement about the religion in Britain is true?A. Every person in Britain may change his religion，but with difficulty.B. Every person may not manifest his faith in teaching，worship and observance.C. Every person has the right to religious freedom without interference from the community or the State.D. Churches and religious societies of any kind cannot own property and propagate their beliefs in speeches and writing. 21.In the late 15th century, Christopher Columbus，a(n)___________navigator, led his men to sail across the vast ocean and reached some small islands in the now West Indies.A. FrenchB. SpanishC. ItalianD. English22.American troops defeated the British at___________ in Northern New York. This was a great turning point of the American War of Independence，leading directly to an alliance between the U.S. and France.A. SaratogaB. TrentonC. LexingtonD. Yorktown23.In 1787，delegates from the states held a meeting in Philadelphia to make the Articles of Confederation adequate.The meeting came to be called the ___________ .A. First Continental CongressB. Second Continental CongressC. Constitutional ConventionD. Independent Convention24.Which of the following is NOT among President Theodore Roosevelt’s contributions?A. The implementation of the Sherman Anti-trust Act.B. The initiation of large-scale irrigation projects.C. The adoption of the Hepburn Act of 1906.D. The passage of the Federal Reserve Act.25.___________Was the beginning of a long economic depression in the U.S. in 1929.A. Business bankruptcyB. Serious unemploymentC. The stock market crashD. Foreclosures26.During the Second World War, American wartime objectives were the total destruction of___________ powers and the establishment of a world order.A. AxisB. AsianC. AlliedD. European27.In 1932，in the depth of the depression，the American people chose ___________ as their next president who promised to get the U.S. out of the depression.A. Theodore RooseveltB. Franklin D. RooseveltC. Woodrow WilsonD. Herbert C. Hoovercation was made a function of the state under the ___________Amendment to the US Constitution.A. TenthB. EleventhC. TwelfthD. Thirteenth29.McCarthyism was a full-scale ___________hysteria in the United States in the 1950s.A. pro-NaziB. anti-FascistC. pro-CommunistD. anti-Communist30.On June 5，1947，___________suggested that the US should offer economic aid to Western Europe so as to protect the region from Soviet expansion.A. George KennanB. George MarshallC. Dwight EisenhowerD. James F. Byrnes31.A decision to set up a world organization，the United Nations，was made at___________.A. Yalta ConferenceB. Potsdam ConferenceC. Teheran ConferenceD. Paris Conference32.The safeguards against abuse of powers in the United States come in the form of___________.A. separation of powersB. executive ordersC. presidential electionsD. judicial reviews33.___________Was meant to guarantee the blacks and others the right to vote.A. Emancipation Proclamation in 1863B. The Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution in 1865C. The Civil Rights Act of 1964D. The Voting Rights Act of 196534.Woman obtained voting right from the___________ Amendment to the Constitution.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th35.Of the four kinds of high schools，___________ones only aim to prepare students for college.A. comprehensiveB. academicC. vocationalD. technical36.There have been__________ periods in the development of American political parties inthe United States.A. twoB. threeC. fourD. five37.The 1920s in the United States has been described by many historians as a period of___________.A. material failureB. spiritual frustrationC. political setbacksD. welfare reform38.___________is the largest single source of goods imported by the U.S.，accounting for nearly30％of the total.A. CanadaB. MexicoC. JapanD. European Union39.Mark Twain’s masterwork was ___________ .A. The Scarlet LetterB. Leaves of GrassC. The Sketch BookD. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn40.In the early part of the 19th century，___________was the center of American writing.A. BostonB. PhiladelphiaC. ChicagoD. New York City41.Tourist trade is important in economy in ___________with rich green mountains and valleys.A. British ColumbiaB. Atlantic provincesC. the Canadian-ShieldD. St. Lawrence-Great Lakes provinces42.Which of the following about Canada in World War I is NOT true?A. It founded its navy to enter World War I.B. It took a seat as a member of the League of Nations.C. It won the right to sign the Peace Treaty of 1919 in its own name.D. It has found its place among the nations of the world since World War I.43.Generally speaking，Canada can be divided into___________ geographical regions.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six44.Which of the following statements about Australia is true?A. It is the world’s fifth largest country and is surrounded by sea.B. It is the smallest and the only continent that contains only one country.C. It is a continent that contains only Australia and New Zealand.D. It is the world’s smallest continent and the world’s fourth largest country.45.The first Australian colony, established by Britain in 1788 and called the premier state，is ___________ .A. VictoriaB. TasmaniaC. QueenslandD. New South Wales46.The Australian political division borders are drawn___________.A. along straight lines of latitude and longitudeB. along rivers and forestsC. along mountain rangesD. along natural features47.The only native mammals in New Zealand are___________.A. rabbitsB. batsC. opossumsD. goats48.A chain of mountains runs almost the whole length of South Island in New Zealand. The highest peak is___________.A. Mt RuapehuB. Mt CookC. Mt NgaurohoeD. Mt Tongariro49.One of the four unusual demographic features of Ireland is___________.A. an early marriage ageB. an excess of males in the populationC. a low proportion of bachelors and spinsters of all agesD. a high birthrate compounded by a century of emigration50.Migration in Ireland declined sharply___________.A. during WWIB. in recent yearsC. in the early decades of the 20th centuryD. after the establishment of the Irish Free StateII.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(30 points，3 points for each)51.What is the Magna Carta also known as?52.Who has the power to declare war and make peace in the U.K.?53.What are the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain?54.When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?55.What foreign policy did the American government pursue in the early 1930s?56.What are Conglomerates in the USA?57.Where is the name“Canada”believed to have come from?58.Why does Great Britain have the greatest influence upon Australia?59.What is Maoritanga?60.What was the consequence of the the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921?III.Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words.(20 points，5 points for each)61.the House of Commons62.English feudal system63.the U.S. two-party system64.the New Deal。