what与that引导名词性从句

第3题补充3. 名词性从句中that和what的用法区别(转载)(2007-12-13 18:20:19)名词性从句中that和what的用法区别一．that 引导的名词性从句首先，连接代词that除引导第一个宾语从句时可以省略外，引导其他各类名词性从句皆不能省略。

例如：①It is required in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of youre-mail account.②---- Don’t you think it necessary that he go home at once?---- but the problem is that there is no car.③There is much chance that Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race.④Our English teacher told us (that) we all did very well in the examination and that ten of us gotfull mark.以上四个句子中，that 分别引导主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句和宾语从句，除在第四个例句中第一个that 可以省略外，其他的that 均不可省略。

其次，在引导名词性从句时，that不作句子中的任何成分。

例如：①Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class that he had to meet his uncle at theairport.该句中，that引导同位语从句，但在句中不作任何成分。

②It is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.该句中，it 是形式主语，that引导的主语从句才是整个句子的真正主语，that在句中不作任何成分。

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1. That he has won the prize is true. 主语从句 2. I know that he has won the prize. 宾语从句
poorly in the exam again. 10. _W_h__a_t__ made the school proud was _t_h_a_t__more than 90％ of the students had been admitted to key universities.
11. _W__h__a_t_ makes the matter worse is _t_h_a_t it begins to
6. I don’t know what he said at the meeting. 宾语从句
7. This is what he said at the meeting. 表语从句
8. I have no idea what he said at the meeting. 同位语语从句
what 在名词性从句中做成分，有意义，不省略
didn’t work hard at all.
8._W__h_a_t_ impressed me most was _t_h_a_t_ he was a very hard-working student. 9. __W_h__a_t_ disappointed his parents was _t_h_a_t_ he did

Whether he has left, I can’t say. 他是否走了，我说不定。

②引导主语从句且放在句首时：Whether he will come is still a question. 他是否会来还是个问题。

【注】若在句首使用形式主语 it，而将主语从句放在句末，则有时也可用 if 来引导：It was not known whether [if] he would come. 不知他是否会来。

③ 引导表语从句时：The question is whether we should go on with the work. 问题是我们是否应该继续进行这项工作。

【注】在很不正式的场合if偶尔也用于引导表语从句，但远不如用 whether 常见。

④ 引导让步状语从句时：Whether he agrees or not, I shall do that. 不管他同意与否，我都要那样做。

⑤ 引导同位语从句时：The question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它还没有考虑。

⑥ 用于不定式之前时：I’m not sure whether to stay or leave. 我不知是留还是去。

I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry. 我真是哭笑不得。

⑦用于介词之后时：It depends on whether the letter arrives in time. 这取决于信是否来得及时。

I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 我担心是否伤了她的感情。

⑧直接与 or not 连用时：I will write to you whether or not I can come. 我能不能来，我将写信告诉你。

【注】若不是直接与 or not 用在一起，则有时也可用 if：I don’t know whether [if] he will win or not. 我不知他是否能赢。

（一）what可以引导名词性从句：（1）宾语从句：I don’t understand what you mean. 我不明白你是什么意思。

（2）主语从句：What is needed is a change in land ownership. 所需要的是土地所有制方面的变革。

（二）I. that可以引导名词性从句：that在主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中不充当任何句子成分，无词义，不能用which代替,（因为which在这些从句中意为“哪个”。

）that在口语化的主、宾、表语从句中可以省略（在同位语从句中不能省略），例如：(1) 主语从句：That you missed such a good film is a pity. = It’s a pity (that) you missed such a good film. 这样好的电影你没看到真是遗憾。

(2) 宾语从句：All the visitors who go there believe that it was right that the temple was rescued. 去那儿参观的人都认为拯救这座庙宇是做得对的。

(3) 表语从句：The only problem is (that) youcan’t eat trees! 唯一的难题是你不能吃树呀！(4) 同位语从句：They had come from England having heard the strange news that Dr Manette, Luciy’s father, was alive and was living in Paris. 他们听到一个离奇的消息，说露西的父亲曼奈特医生还活着，而且就住在巴黎，就从英国赶来了。

II.that可以引导（原因、目的、结果）状语从句，一般由that, so that, in order that, so (such) ...that等引导，例如：They do this so that people can dry their hair using an electric hair drier! 他们作这些事好让人们能用电吹风吹头发。