Stalingrad

英语翻译Unit 1重点翻译1. He was prepared for the fierce resistance of the Russian people defending their homeland他知道俄罗斯⼈民会为保卫祖国⽽奋勇抵抗，并为此做好了准备。

2. As the Russian army was gathering its strength, the French had to flee Russia to avoid certain defeat.正当俄罗斯军队集聚兵⼒之时，法国⼈却不得不逃离俄国，以避免注定的失败。

3. The loss of the battle for Stalingrad finally turned the tide against Hitler. The German victories were over, thanks in part to the Russian winter. 斯⼤林格勒⼀战的失利最终使希特勒⾛向穷途末路。

部分地由于俄罗斯的冬季，德国⼈⾛向失败了。

4.With the arrival of June 5, the weather was so bad that General Eisenhower, supreme commander of the invasion forces, was forced to postpone the invasion by one day.6⽉5⽇到了，⽓候如此恶劣，进攻部队最⾼统帅艾森豪威尔将军被迫将进攻推迟了⼀天。

5.Napoleon had a clear path to Moscow, but the occupation of the city became an empty victory.拿破仑顺利进⼊莫斯科，然⽽，对该市的占领成为毫⽆意义的胜利。

6.The French soldiers dragged on, leaving the dead along every mile.法国⼠兵拖着脚步⾏进，⼀路上留下⽆数死⼫。

Unit 1 lexf OrganizationII. More Synonyms in Context1) During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vastareas. Some of themost dramatic fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium.2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and her efforts/ homework paid off.3)1 spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but heturned a deaf ear to all mywords.4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how herfragile body could withstand the harsh weather.- 90 - Appendix IIII. Usage1)But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciategood health.2)A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeks—and nobody knew anythingabout it.3)It's said he dropped dead from a heart attack when he was at work1)Don't sit too close to the fire to keep warm—you could easily get burned,especially if you fall asleep.4)In those days people believed in marrying young and having childrenearly.5)Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes.■Structure1. 1) To his great delight, Dr. Deng discovered two genes in wild rice that can increase the yield by30 percent.2)To her great relief, her daughter had left the building before itcollapsed.3)To our disappointment, our women's team lost out to the North Koreans.4)We think, much to our regret, that we will not be able to visit you duringthe coming Christmas.2. 1) These birds nest in the vast swamps (which lie to the) east of the Nile.2)By 1948, the People's Liberation Army had gained control of the vastareas north of the Yangtze River.3)Michelle was born in a small village in the north of France, but cameto live in the UnitedStates at the age offour. ■4) The Columbia River rises in western Canada and continues/runs through theUnited States forabout 1,900 kilometers west of the Rocky Mountains.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(A)1. invasion 3. Conquest 5. launching 7. campaign 9. reckon with2. s tand in the way 4. c atching... off his guard6. d eclaration8. d rag on10. b ringing...to aAppendix I - 91-(B)1. allow2. reckoned3. highly4. forecasts5. rapidly6. instant7. delivery 8. advantage9. observing 10. PowerfulII. Translation1.Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumnharvest in on the farm.2.We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the mostsophisticated weapons.3.Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is gettingincreasingly desperate.4.Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate inhis judgment.5.Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, thevillage neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. Our troops engaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong/fierce/stiff resistance. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. We started under cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties. By a stroke of luck, the temperature at night suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marsh froze over.Thanks to the cold weather, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle.The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.Part III TextBComprehension Check 1. d3. b.-2.d 4.- 92 - Appendix ITranslation(#JE Appendix III)Language Practice1. boast2. obstacles3. was concerned4. call ...off■5. paid off6. was pinneddown7. are contesting 8. prior to9. holdout 10. objective11. responsible for 12. in case13. favorable 14. due to15. on the eve of 16. cancel17. complications 18. stiff19. withstand 20. absentPart IV Theme-Related Language Learning TasksWriting StrategyTick which of the following is more convincing:____________ I t was reported that General Eisenhower, though indecisive sometimes, had nohesitation in ordering the assault on Normandy._____ √____ E isenhower's chief of staff, Brigadier General Water Bedell Smith, later wrote:"... He sat there ... tense, weighing every consideration.Finally he looked up, and the tension was gone from his face.He said briskly, 'well, we'll go."Model PaperCan Man Triumph over Nature?When people talk of man triumphing over nature, many things come to mind. One thinks of successes in medicine in the fight against disease, such as the invention of antibiotics and the promise held out by advances in biogenetic engineering. On a broader scale, one thinks of man's success in harnessing new forms of energy from steam power through oil to nuclear power.Yet, nature has often hit back in unexpected ways to these attempts to tame it. New forms ofAppendix I - 98-disease that are resistant to antibiotics are constantly developing. Burning fossil fuels has led to fears of global warming; while nuclear power has produced dangerous waste that will remain a hazard for generations to come.However, perhaps to talk of man triumphing over nature is the wrong way to look at the matter. We need to find ways to work with nature rather than forever fighting against it.(154 words)Unit 2Text org. Ex. 2 On P381. Smart cars can see, hear, feel, smell, talk, and act;2. They can eliminate most of car accidents3. They can alert the police and provide precise location of your car if stolen4. They can monitor one’s driving and the driving conditions nearby;5. They can alert the driver who feels drowsy;6. They can locate your car precisely and warn of traffic jams. Language Sense Enhancement on P 38-391) cure 2) impact 3) orbiting4) warn of 5) location 6) At any given time7)vibrate 8) detected 9) calculate 10) convertedI. Vocabulary: Ex.1 on P41-421.expansion2. automated3. vapor4. take control of5. hazards6. satellite7.vibrated8.magnetic9. bunched 10. in the air 11. got stuck in 12.approximately Vocabulary: Ex.2 on P421. send out2. stand up for3. pass for4. were closing in on5. starting up6. went through7. fill out8. fall intoVocabulary: Ex.3 on P431) incorporates all the latest safety features.2) two trees ten feet apart.3) awarding lucrative contracts to his construction firm.4) the prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to make thecars.5) are correlated in all racial groups.Vocabulary: Ex.4 on P431) the application, remote, has turned into a reality, are poised to2) that vibrate, can detect, frequency3) lanes, are mounted in, alert a, hazardII. Word Formation on P45Kilogram Medical careMemorandum Electronic mailGymnasium Communications satelliteLiberation News broadcastDoctor Sky hijackVeterinarian European dollarPreparatory Breakfast and lunchAutomobile Television broadcastinfluenza Oxford and Cambridge---------------------------------------III. Usage on P45-461) swimming pool2 ) drawing board3 ) enriched Middle English4 ) disturbing change5 ) fully developed prototype6 ) Canned foods7 ) working population8 ) puzzling differencesComprehensive Exs.: I. cloze1. text-related on P461) computerized 2) start up 3) be poised to 4) alert 5) hazards 6) monotonous 7) take control of8) steer 9) lane 10) decrease 11) calculate 12) eliminate 13) getting stuck in 14) mounted 15) detect 16) vapor2. theme-related on P471) generates 2) related 3) revolutionized 4) enabled5) opportunities 6) overall 7)manufacturing8) dependent 9) interact 10) fatalitiesII. TranslationEx. 1 on P47-481) There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance.2) The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causinga significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problems.3) The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with global temperatures.4) The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minuterecently.5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach.Translation : Ex. 2 on P48Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams.UNIT3Language Sense Enhancement on P721) checked with 2) interview 3) grill 4) clippings5) be right for 6) follow up 7) indicating8）hand-delivered 9) prepared 10) prospectiveLanguage focusVoc. Ex. 1 on P751) rude 2) physically 3) structure4) made a difference 5) blurted (out) 6) chuckling7) Measurable 8) prospective 9) preparations10) Sparkled 11) took a crack at 12) partnerVoc. Ex. 2&3 on P76§Ex. 2.1) go after 2) look back at/on 3) be put up4) stood for 5) build in 6) follow up7) be hooked up to 8) closed up§Ex. 3.1) grilled her about where she had been all night2) beyond Cinderella’s wildest dreams that she could oneday dance in the King’s palace3) will be in readers' hands soon4) do your homework before going on an interview.5) was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars.§Voc . Ex. 4 on P771）applicants, veteran, the prospective2）From his standpoint, has made every endeavor to goafter3) as the saying goes, to have a crack at, barelyII. Words with Multiple Meanings on P 781. Behave2. used to avoid repetition3. clean4. get along5. perform/complete6. perform/complete7. Study 8. be enough 9. be acceptableiii. Usage on P79-801. There is so much to say and it is hard to know where tobegin.OK,I’ll talk about myself first.2. Thank you very much, John, for your beautiful Christmascard. By the way,I have something here for you.3. The new computer language can be quite easily understoodby anyone who can read the daily newspaper.Now, why isthis an advantage?4. I’m going to work out the outline and will let you know howit goes.By the way, I will see you in February, as I plan toattend your seminar in Shanghai.5. OK, you got the job.Now, how to maximize your profitswith as little effort as possible?6. Chris is back from Australia.Incidentally, those picturesyou sent me are wonderful.Comprehensive Exercises Cloze§1. text-related on P80(1) Prospective (2)As I see it(3) done your homework (4) beforehand(5) Endeavor (6) structure(7) Partners (8) Respond(9) take a crack (10) from the standpoint(11) make a difference (12) follow up§2. theme-related on P81(1) encouraging(2) inquiry(3) relevant (4) samples(5) references (6) advice(7) preparing (8) seriously(9) probably (10) exhibitTranslation on P81-821) Despite the inadequate length of the airstrip in thisemergency landing, the veteran pilot managed to stop theplane after taxiing for only a short while.2)Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted(out) that she had undergone two plastic surgeries.3) We have the technology and our partner has the capital.Working together, we’ll have the future in our hands.4) If I had known beforehand that you would bring so manyfriends home, I would have made better preparations. You see, I have barely enough food and drinks for a snack.5) People gave generously upon learning that new schoolrooms with stronger structures were to be built in theearthquake-stricken area.Translation 2. on P82Well begun, half done,as the saying goes. It isextremely important for a job applicant todo hishomework while seeking employment.From mystandpoint, whether or not one has done his homeworkclearly makes a difference in his chance of success.I have a friend who is earning somewhere in theneighborhood of100,000 dollars a years in a largecomputer software company. He told me that from hisown experience the decision makers who interview prospective employees like people who are wellprepared. Those who make no endeavor to learn asmuch about his prospective employer as possible don’thave much of a chance of success.Part III Home Reading Task§Comprehension Check on P871.b2.c3.a4.a5.a6.b§Translation on P871.父母亲都觉得我不会被录用。

B
A
7.（2010· 湖北荆州）美国巨片《拯救大兵瑞恩》以1944年6月一场著名的登 陆为背景，谱写出惊天地、泣鬼神的壮丽诗篇。这场战役是（ ）。 A．阿拉曼战役 B．中途岛战役 C．诺曼底战役 D．斯大林格勒战役
C
8.2010· 新疆乌鲁木齐）下面是某中学历史兴趣小组制作的一个反映世界史上 重要会议的年代尺。在这个年代尺上标出的会议中，决定对德国实行军事占 领及苏联参加对日本法西斯作战的是（ ）
保罗· 迪贝茨上校与美国B-2轰炸机“埃诺拉· 盖伊”的签名合影照 1945年8月6日广岛“小男孩”核爆炸 1945年8月9日长崎“胖子”核爆炸
为了加速日本投降，在外交上扩大政治影响，进行核讹诈，美国于8月6日用美军B29轰炸机，在 保罗· 迪贝茨上校指挥下，将原子弹投在日本广岛。9日，美国又对长崎进行核打击。原子弹震慑了 日本法西斯极端势力，同时也造成20多万和平居民的死亡。阿尔伯特· 爱因斯坦对此强烈不满。
何 应 钦
小 林 浅 三 郎
侵华日军总参谋长小林浅三郎在南京向中方代表何应钦呈递投降书
1945年9月9日，在南京国民政府陆军总司令部举行中国战区日本投降签字仪式。仪式由国民政 府总参谋长萧毅主持。10时，日本侵华派遣军司令冈村宁次、总参谋长小林浅三郎进入礼堂。中国 战区代表何应钦接受由冈村宁次签字，小林浅三郎递交的投降书。
1944年8月25日戴高乐等重返巴黎并接受德国军队投降书的情景
诺曼底登陆成功后，盟军自西向东推进，敲响了纳粹德国的丧钟。1944年8月25日，在法国国 内武装力量的配合下，巴黎解放，宣告结束诺曼底战役。9月中旬，法国基本解放，法国光复。
雅尔塔（Yalta）会议“三巨头”（1945年2月4日至11日）
第8课

二战历史英语全流程英文回答：World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global conflict that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved many countries and was fought between two major alliancesthe Allies and the Axis powers. The war began when Germany, led by Adolf Hitler, invaded Poland in 1939. This act of aggression led to the declaration of war by Britain and France, who were determined to stop Hitler's expansionist ambitions.The war was marked by a series of major events and battles. One of the most significant events was the Battleof Stalingrad, which took place between 1942 and 1943. This battle was a turning point in the war, as the Soviet Union successfully defended the city against the German army, causing heavy casualties and forcing the Germans to retreat. The Battle of Stalingrad is often considered one of the bloodiest battles in history.Another important event was the D-Day invasion, which took place on June 6, 1944. This was the largest amphibious assault in history and marked the beginning of the end for Nazi Germany. Allied forces, led by the United States, Britain, and Canada, landed on the beaches of Normandy in France and successfully established a foothold on the continent. This invasion ultimately led to the liberationof Western Europe from German occupation.The war also saw the use of new and devastating weapons, such as the atomic bomb. The United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945, leading to Japan's surrender and the end ofthe war. This marked the first and only use of nuclear weapons in warfare.Overall, World War II had a profound impact on the world. It led to the deaths of millions of people,including civilians, and caused widespread destruction. It also resulted in significant political and social changes, such as the establishment of the United Nations and thebeginning of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union.中文回答：第二次世界大战，也被称为二战，是一场从1939年持续到1945年的全球冲突。