生理学实验报告
家兔胃部不同部位物
理牵拉的影响 Stretch—induced Experiment of rabbit
stomach
实验人员：王淳邻、陆艾丽、严思益
汤浩、娄文佳、刘佳文
实验地点：北京协和医学院机能实验室
实验时间：2006年11月30日、12月7日、12月14
日、12月21日 13：00至17：00
目录
1摘要 (2)
1 ABSTRACT (2)
2前言 (3)
2.1实验目的 (3)
2.2实验原理 (3)
3 材料与方法 (3)
3.1实验动物 (3)
3.2器材与药品……………………………………………………………….....3.
3.2.1器材 (3)
3.2.2药品 (3)
3.3实验方法与步骤 (3)
3.3.1基本手术操作 (3)
3.3.2实验项目 (4)
4实验结果 (5)
4.1牵拉胃幽门 (5)
4.1.1牵拉前后的血压心电变化 (5)
4.1.2牵拉胃幽门时迷走神经的放电情况 (6)
4.2牵拉胃贲门 (7)
4.2.1牵拉前后的血压心电变化 (7)
4.2.2牵拉胃贲门时迷走神经的放电情况 (8)
4.3胃充胀实验 (9)
4.3.1胃充胀前后的血压心电变化 (9)
4.3.2充胀时迷走神经的放电变化 (10)
4.4注射阿托品 (11)
4.4.1迷走神经阻断 (11)
4.4.2迷走神经阻断后牵拉胃贲门 (12)
4.5切断迷走神经 (13)
4.5.1 A兔实验结果 (14)
4.5.2 B兔实验结果 (16)
4.6实验结果总结 (19)
5实验讨论 (20)
6实验结论 (21)
7参考资料 (22)
1摘要
目的：探讨牵拉胃贲门、幽门以及胃充胀对家兔血压和心率的影响。验证物理牵拉刺激胃部迷走神经是引起家兔生理状态改变的主要因素。
方法：选用健康成年家兔，全麻开腹，充分暴露胃，然后以相同的力量分别牵拉胃贲门、幽门以及充胀胃，并在牵拉或充胀胃后的30秒内记录血压、心率的变化。用药品阻断迷走及切断迷走，再进行牵拉实验，以实验结果判断胃牵拉影响血压等是否是依靠迷走神经产生作用。结果：牵拉幽门和贲门可观察到左右侧迷走神经同时放电，同时家兔血压明显降低，心率基本不变。其中牵拉贲门对血压的影响相对显著。胃充胀也会引起家兔血压明显下降，同时心率略有下降，迷走神经放电呈梭形。注射阿托品阻断迷走神经后牵拉贲门，血压、心率变化不明显。切断左迷走神经，保留右迷走神经后牵拉贲门，家兔血压下降明显，心率略有下降；切断右迷走神经，保留左迷走神经后牵拉贲门，家兔血压下降不明显，心率略有下降。
结论：牵拉胃的不同部位以及胃充胀都会对家兔血压产生影响，且牵拉贲门比牵拉幽门显著，但对心率的影响不明显。物理牵拉刺激胃部迷走神经是引起家兔生理状态改变的主要因素，在胃贲门处感受牵拉刺激的主要为迷走神经右干。
关键词：家兔胃迷走神经优势干牵拉充胀血压心率
1 ABSTRACT
[Objective] To observe the effects of stretch—induced in cardiac of stomachs, pylorus and bulged stomachs on blood pressure and heart rate. To validate that stimulated vagus were responsible for this stretch inducing condition.
[Methods] With 2 healthy adult rabbits had been in hunger more than 24 hours, after they were anaesthetized, conducted surgery so that stomachs were completely exposed，stretched induced by 150g clogs in cardiac of stomachs，pylorus and bulged stomachs by tepid saline.
The blood pressure and heart rates were measured after stretch or bulge lasted for more than 5 minutes. Each result was the average value of 30 seconds.
Then the vagi were repressed by atropine or cut off, the cardiac of stomachs were stretched again, with the changes of blood pressure and heart rates were observed.
[Result] Stretch—induced in cardiac of stomachs and pylorus caused blood pressure to fall, especially in the cardiac part，but heart rates did not slow down obviously. Bulged stomachs could also cause blood pressure to fall significantly but heart rates remained unchanged. With right vagus remained and left vagus cut off, Stretch—induced in cardiac of stomachs cause blood pressure to fall significantly. With left vagus remained and right vagus cut off, Stretch—induced
in cardiac of stomachs could not cause blood pressure to fall obviously.
[Conclusion] Stretch—induced in various parts of stomach and bulged stomach had certain effects on blood pressure, but not heart rates. The right vagi is superior in effect when ardiac of stomachs were stretched
Key words：Rabbit; stomach; vagus; superior; Stretched; bulge; blood pressure; heart rate
