2011年理工类职称英语B级阅读理解和完形填空增文章

2011年理工类职称英语教材新增文章阅读理解新增文章（共6篇）目录：第二篇(C级)：World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict第六篇(C级)：Weaving with Light第三十四篇(B级)：Batteries Built by Viruses第三十八篇(B级)：Longer Lives for Wild Elephants第四十五篇(A级)：Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others第四十六篇(A级)：Marvelous Metamaterials第二篇World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some PredictIn a finding that may speed efforts to conserve oil，scientists in Kuwait predict that world conventional crude oil production will peak in 2014.This prediction is almost a decade earlier than some other predictions. Their study is in ACS’Energy&Fuels1.Ibrahim Nashawi and colleagues point out that rapid growth in global oil consumption has sparked a growing interest in predicting "peak oil". "Peak oil" is the point where oil production reaches a maximum and then declines. Scientists have developed several models to forecast this point，and some put the date at 2020 or later. One of the most famous forecast models is called the Hubbert model2.It assumes that global oil production will follow a bell shaped curve3.A related concept is that4 of "Peak Oil." The term "Peak Oil" indicates the moment in which world wide production will peak，afterwards to start on irreversible decline.The Hubbert model accurately predicted that oil production would peak in the United States in 1970.The model has since gained in popularity and has been used to forecast oil production worldwide.However，recent studies show that the model is insufficient to account for5 more complex oil production cycles of some countries. Those cycles can be heavily influenced by technology changes，politics，and other factors，the scientists say.The new study describes development of a new version of the Hubbert model that provides a more realistic and accurate oil production forecast. Using the new model，the scientists evaluated the oil production trends of 47 major oil-producing countries，which supply most of the world’s conventional crude oil6.They estimated that worldwide conventional crude oil production will peak in 2014，years earlier than anticipated. The scientists also showed that the world’s oil reserves7are being reduced at a rate of 2.1 percent a year. The new model could help inform energy-related decisions and public policy debate，they suggest.词汇：conserve v.保护，保存 irreversible adj.不可逆的，不可改变的crude oil原油spark v.闪耀;激发;鼓舞 insufficient 不充分的，不足的curve n.曲线注释：1.ACS’Energy&Fuels：ACS是American Chemical Society(美国化学学会)的缩写。

2011年全国职称英语理工类（B级）真题及答案解析职业培训教育网2011-10-25 13:56【大中小】【我要纠错】第1部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1 Marsha confessed that she know nothing of computer.A hopedB answeredC admittedD reported2 We need to extract the relevant financial data.A storeB saveC reviewD obtain3 Mr. Henley has accelerated his sale of shares over the past year.A heldB increasedC expectedD offered4 The police believe the motive for the murder was jealousy.A choiceB ideaC decisionD reason5 The high-speed trains can have major impact on our livesA effortB problemC influenceD concern6 His shoes were shined to perfection.A clearedB washedC mendedD polished7 We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference.A offeredB includedC investigatedD accepted8 The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.A continuousB relativeC generalD sharp9 Anderson left the table，remarking that he had some work to do.A sayingB doubtingC thinkingD knowing10 We have to act within the existing legal framework.A limitB systemC procedureD status11 She always finds fault with everything.A simplifiesB evaluatesC examinesD criticizes12 The view from my bedroom window was absolutely spectacular.A magnificentB generalC traditionalD strong13 At that time，we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.A giveB understandC attachD lose14 They converted the spare bedroom into an office.A reducedB movedC turnedD reformed15 Jane said that she couldn't tolerate the long hours.A spendB takeC lastD stand第2部分：阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.Lakes, Too, Feel Global WarmingThere's no doubt: In the last few decades, the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it's been in hundreds of years. Around the world, people are starting to measure the effects of global warming - and trying to figure out what to do about it.Scientists recently used satellites to study the temperatures of lakes around the world, and they found that lakes are heating up.Between 1985 and 2009, satellites recordedthe nighttime temperatures of the surfaces of 167 lakes. During those 24 years, the lakes got warmer - by an average of about 0.045 degree Celsius per year.In some places, lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year. At that rate, a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius, or 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit, in just 10 years. That difference may seem small - you might not even notice it in your bathtub. But in a lake, slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae, and algae can make the lake poisonous to fish.The study shows that in some regions, lakes are warming faster than the air around them. This is important because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how the Earth is warming. By using lake temperatures as well, scientists can get a better picture of global warming.The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world.That's going to be useful, since no country is too big or too small to ignore climate change. Scientists aren't the only ones concerned. Everyone who lives on Earth is going to be affected by therapidwarming of the planet.Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it, especially by reducing the amount of greenhouse gases we put into the air.That's why the United Nations started the Framework Convention on Climate Change, or UNFCCC. Every year the convention meets, and representatives from countries around the world gather to talk about climate change and discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world.16 Scientist have been keeping records of lake temperatures for over 30 years.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned17 The temperatures of lakes around the world have increased greatly between 1985 and 2009.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned18 Lakes seem to be warming faster in Asia.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned19 A slight temperature increase in a lake could be harmful to fish.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned20 Scientists generally focus on air temperatures when studying global warming.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned21 Globle warming is less threatening to small countries.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned22 UNFCCC's annual meeting will be held in Mexico this year.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

2011年职称英语理工类阅读理解新增文章篇目第二篇World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict世界原油产量可能提前十年达到峰值第六篇Weaving With Light编织灯光*第三十四篇 Batteries Built by Viruses*第三十八篇Longer Lives for Wild Elephants野生大象寿命更长+第四十五篇Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others咸度味感因人而异+第四十六篇Marvelous Metamaterials不可思议的超材料注：1、+表示A级文章；*表示B即文章；其他为C级文章；2、完形填空请参见第21页；3、2011年词汇部分与2010年教材相比未作任何变化。

第二篇World Crude Oil Production May Peaka Decade Earlier Than Some PredictIn a finding that may speed efforts to conserve oil, scientists in Kuwait predict that world conventional crude oil production will peak in 2014. This prediction is almost a decade earlier than some other predictions．Their study is in ACS’ Energy＆Fuels1．Ibrahim Nashawi and colleagues point out that rapid growth in global oil consumption has sparked a growing interest in predicting "peak oil"．"Peak oil "is the point where oil production reaches a maximum and then declines. Scientists have developed several models to forecast this point, and some put the date at 2020 or later. One of the most famous forecast models is called the Hubbert model2. It assumes that global oil production will follow a bell shaped curve3. A related concept is that4 of "Peak Oil." The term "Peal Oil" indicates the moment in which world wide production Will peak, afterwards to start on irreversible decline．The Hubbert model accurately predicted that oil production would peak in the United States in 1970. The model has since gained in popularity and has been used to forecast oil production worldwide． However, recent studies show that the model is insufficient to account for5 more complex oil production cycles of some countries．Those cycles can be heavily influenced by technology changes, politics, and other factors, the scientists say.The new study describes development of a new version of the Hubbert model that provides a more realistic and accurate oil production forecast．Using the new model, the scientists evaluated the oil production trends of 47 major oil-producing countries, which supply most of the world’sconventional crude oil6． They estimated that worldwide conventional crude oil production will peak in 2014, years earlier than anticipated. The scientists also showed that the world's oil reserves7 arebeing reduced at a rate of 2.1 percent a year. The new model could help inform energy-related decisions and public policy debate, they suggest.词汇：Conserve v．保护，保存crude oil原油spark v．闪耀；激发；鼓舞curve n．曲线irreversible adj．不可逆的，不可改变的insufficient adj.充分的，不足的注释：1．ACS' Energy & Fuels：ACS是American Chemical Society(美国化学学会)的缩写。

2011年职称英语理工类新增文章篇目第二篇 World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict第六篇 Waving With Light*第三十四篇 Batteries Built by Viruses*第三十八篇 Longer Lives for Wild Elephants+第四十五篇 Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others+第四十六篇 Marvelous Metamaterials注：1、+表示A级文章；*表示B即文章；其他为C级文章；2、2011年词汇部分与2010年教材相比未作任何变化。

第二篇World Crude Oil（原油） Production（生产） May Peak（峰值） aDecade（十年） Earlier Than Some Predict（预期）世界原油产量可能提前十年达到峰值In a finding that may speed efforts（促进） to conserve（储存） oil, scientists in Kuwait predict（预测）that world conventional（常规的） crude oil production will peak in 2014. This prediction is almost a decade earlier than some other predictions．Their study is in ACS’ Energy＆Fuels1．科威特科学家预测世界常规原油产量将在2014年达到峰值，这一发现可能会促进储存石油的努力。

这一预测比其他预测提前了将近十年，已经发表在美国化学学会《能量与燃料》杂志上。

Ibrahim Nashawi and colleagues（同事） point out（指出）that rapid(迅速的) growth （增长） in global（全球的） oil consumption（耗油量） has sparked a growing interest in predicting "peak oil"．"Peak oil "is the point where oil production reaches a maximum and then declines. Scientists have developed several models to forecast this point, and some put the date at 2020 or later. One of the most famous forecast models is called the Hubbert model2. It assumes that global oil production will follow abell shaped curve3. A related concept is that4 of "Peak Oil." The term "Peal Oil" indicates the moment in which world wide production Will peak, afterwards to start on irreversible decline．伊布赫姆·纳夏威和同事们指出，全球石油消耗的快速增长使人们对“石油峰值”预测的兴趣越来越浓。

2011年职称英语理工类阅读理解新增文章篇目第二篇World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict世界原油产量可能提前十年达到峰值第六篇Weaving With Light编织灯光*第三十四篇Batteries Built by Viruses*第三十八篇Longer Lives for Wild Elephants野生大象寿命更长+第四十五篇Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others咸度味感因人而异+第四十六篇Marvelous Metamaterials不可思议的超材料注：1、+表示A级文章；*表示B即文章；其他为C级文章；2、完形填空请参见第21页；3、2011年词汇部分与2010年教材相比未作任何变化。

第二篇World Crude Oil Production May Peaka Decade Earlier Than Some PredictIn a finding that may speed efforts to conserve oil, scientists in Kuwait predict that world conventional crude oil production will peak in 2014. This prediction is almost a decade earlier than some other predictions．Their study is in ACS’ Energy＆Fuels1．Ibrahim Nashawi and colleagues point out that rapid growth in global oil consumption has sparked a growing interest in predicting "peak oil"．"Peak oil "is the point where oil production reaches a maximum and then declines. Scientists have developed several models to forecast this point, and some put the date at 2020 or later. One of the most famous forecast models is called the Hubbert model2. It assumes that global oil production will follow a bell shaped curve3. A related concept is that4of "Peak Oil." The term "Peal Oil" indicates the moment in which world wide production Will peak, afterwards to start on irreversible decline．The Hubbert model accurately predicted that oil production would peak in the United States in 1970. The model has since gained in popularity and has been used to forecast oil production worldwide．However, recent studies show that the model is insufficient to account for5 more complex oil production cycles of some countries．Those cycles can be heavily influenced by technology changes, politics, and other factors, the scientists say.The new study describes development of a new version of the Hubbert model that provides a more realistic and accurate oil production forecast．Using the new model, the scientists evaluated the oil production trends of 47 major oil-producing countries, which supply most of the world’s conventional crude oil6．They estimated that worldwide conventional crude oil production will peak in 2014, years earlier than anticipated. The scientists also showed that the world's oil reserves7 arebeing reduced at a rate of 2.1 percent a year. The new model could help inform energy-related decisions and public policy debate, they suggest.词汇：Conserve v．保护，保存crude oil原油spark v．闪耀；激发；鼓舞curve n．曲线irreversible adj．不可逆的，不可改变的insufficient adj.充分的，不足的注释：1．ACS' Energy & Fuels：ACS是American Chemical Society(美国化学学会)的缩写。

2011年职称英语理工B标准答案暂缺完形填空部分试卷第1部分：词汇选择（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）1. 答案：C. influence ---impact2. 答案：A .criticizes--- finds fault with3. 答案：D. obtain-- extract4. 答案：B .system--- framework5. 答案：B .turned--- converted6. 答案：C. saying--- remarking7. 答案：D. increased--- accelerated8. 答案：B .polished ---- shined9. 答案：D .investigated----- explored10. 答案：B. understand--- grasp11. 答案：C.magnificent ---- spectacular.12. 答案：B. admitted-- confessed13. 答案：C. continuous – steady14. 答案：D. stand--- tolerate15. 答案：A. reason --- motive第2部分阅读判断Lakes, Too, Feel Global Warming16. B17. B18. C19. A20. A21. B22. C第3部分概括大意完成句子The ipad23. paragraph 2 B.Operating System.24. paragraph 3 F.Display and Data Connection.25. paragraph 4 D.Feature and Application26. paragraph 5 E.Business Usage27．In April 2010 the ipad developed by Apple was B. released28．The ipad will only run programs approved by Apple if not C.modified29．Ipad applications enable the owner’s email accounts to be F. personalized30．Ipad usage in office enables employee productivity to be A. increased第4部分阅读理解第一篇Longer Lives for Wild Elephants（B级新增文章）31. develop poor health.32. They kept detailed records of all the elephants in their care.33. died much earlier.34. they do not live in family groups.35. it may not be wise to keep elephants in zoos.第二篇Cell phones: hang up or keep talking（综合A也考到这篇文章）41. People buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEPT thatA) they’re popular.B) they’r e cheap.C) they’re useful.D) they’re convenient.题目问人们购买手机不是为了以下哪个原因。

2011年全国职称英语等级考试真题及答案理工类2011年全国职称英语等级考试真题及答案理工类（B级）第1部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1 Marsha confessed that she know nothing of computer.A hopedB answeredC admittedD reported2 We need to extract the relevant financial data.A storeB saveC reviewD obtain3 Mr. Henley has accelerated his sale of shares over the past year.A heldB increasedC expectedD offered4 The police believe the motive for the murder was jealousy.A choiceB ideaC decisionD reason5 The high-speed trains can have major impact on our livesA effortB problemC influenceD concern6 His shoes were shined to perfection.A clearedB washedC mendedD polished7 We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference.A offeredB includedC investigatedD accepted8 The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.A continuousB relativeC generalD sharp9 Anderson left the table，remarking that he had some work to do.A sayingB doubtingC thinkingD knowing10 We have to act within the existing legal framework.A limitB systemC procedureD status11 She always finds fault with everything.A simplifiesB evaluatesC examinesD criticizes12 The view from my bedroom window was absolutely spectacular.A magnificentB generalC traditionalD strong13 At that time，we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.A giveB understandC attachD lose14 They converted the spare bedroom into an office.A reducedB movedC turnedD reformed15 Jane said that she couldn't tolerate the long hours.A spendB takeC lastD stand第2部分：阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.Lakes, Too, Feel Global WarmingThere's no doubt: In the last few decades, the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it's been in hundreds of years. Around the world, people are starting to measure the effects of global warming - and trying to figure out what to do about it.Scientists recently used satellites to study the temperatures of lakes around the world, and they found that lakes are heating up.Between 1985 and 2009, satellites recordedthe nighttime temperatures of the surfaces of 167 lakes. During those 24 years, the lakes got warmer - by an average of about 0.045 degree Celsius per year.In some places, lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year. At that rate, a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius, or 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit, in just 10 years. That difference may seem small - you might not even notice it in your bathtub. But in a lake, slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae, and algae can make the lake poisonous to fish.The study shows that in some regions, lakes are warming faster than the air around them. This is important because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how the Earth is warming. By using lake temperatures as well, scientists can get a better picture of global warming.The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world.That's going to be useful, since no country is too big or too small to ignore climate change. Scientists aren't the only ones concerned. Everyone who lives on Earth is going to be affected by therapidwarming of the planet.Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it, especially by reducing the amount of greenhouse gases we put into the air.That's why the United Nations started the Framework Convention on Climate Change, or UNFCCC. Every year the convention meets, and representatives from countries around the world gather to talk about climate change and discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world.16 Scientist have been keeping records of lake temperatures for over 30 years.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned17 The temperatures of lakes around the world have increased greatly between 1985 and 2009.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned18 Lakes seem to be warming faster in Asia.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned19 A slight temperature increase in a lake could be harmful to fish.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned20 Scientists generally focus on air temperatures when studying global warming.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned21 Globle warming is less threatening to small countries.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned22 UNFCCC's annual meeting will be held in Mexico this year.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

2011年职称英语阅读理解新增文章题干及选项——理工类2011年职称英语阅读理解新增文章题干及选项——理工类(2011-01-31 22:12:21)标签：职称英语职称考试杂谈第二篇 World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade EarlierThan Some Predict练习：1. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word "sparked" appearing in paragraph 2?A. flashedB. stimulatedC. changedD. ended2. The term "a bell shaped curve" appearing in paragraph 2 indicates that global oil production willA. take the shape of a flat curve.B. keep growing.C. keep declining.D. start to decline after global oil production peaks.3. Which of the following is NOT true of the Hubbert model?A. It successfully predicted that oil production peaked in the U. S. in 1970.B. It has been used to predict oil production in many countries.C It is insufficient to explain oil production cycles in some countries.D. It provides a very realistic and accurate oil production.4. What is the major achievement of the new study mentioned in the last paragraph?A. It predicts global oil production will peak in 2014..B. It predicts oil production will decline in 47 countries.C. It confirms further the effectiveness of the Hubbert model.D. It discovers a new trend of worldwide oil production.5. Who develop the new version of the Hubbert mode!?A. American scientists.B. Kuwaiti scientists.C. British scientists.D. Scientists of 47 major oil-producing countries.第六篇Weaving with Light练习：1. To make a living, the Huichol create artwork andA. sell it to tourists in their villages.B. sell it in cities far away from their villages.*第三十四篇 Batteries Built by Viruses练习：1. According to the first paragraph, people try toA. kill microorganisms related to chicken pox, the flu, etc.B. keep themselves away from viruses because they are invisible.C. stay away from viruses because they are causes of various diseases.D. cure themselves of virus-related diseases by taking medicines.2. What is Belcher's team doing at present?A. It is finding ways to get rid of viruses.B. It is mass-producing microbatteries.C. It is making batteries with viruses.D. It is analyzing virus genes.3. What expression below is opposite in meaning to the word "shrink" appearing in paragraph 5?A. Broaden.B. Spread.C. Extend.D. Expand.4. Which of the following is true of Belcher's battery mentioned in paragraph 6?A. It is made of metal.B. It is a kind of watch battery.C. It can only be seen with a microscope.D. It is a metallic disk with viruses inside it.5. How tiny is one battery part?A. Its width is one tenth of a hair.B. It equals the width of a hair.C. It is as thin as a piece of paper.D. Its width is too tiny to measure.*第三十八篇Longer Lives for WildElephants练习：1. According to the first two paragraphs, unlike other zoo animals, zoo elephantsA. have difficulty eating food.B. live to a ripe old age.C. are not afraid of predators.D. develop health problems.2. Which of the following about the international scientists' research on the life spans of elephants is NOT true? (See paragraph 3)?A. They compared zoo elephants with wild elephants.B. They kept detailed records of all the elephants in their care.C. They analyzed the records of the elephants kept in zoos.D. The zoo-born elephants they studied are kept in European zoos.3. What do the scientist find in their research?A. Female elephants live longer than male elephants.B. Female zoo elephants live longer than their wild counterparts.C. Female zoo elephants die much earlier than their wild counterparts.D. Elephants in zoos and those in the wild enjoy the same long life spans.4. What are the possible causes of stress and obesity Zoo-raised elephants generally suffer from?A. They do not like living in herds.B. They do not get enough exercise.C. They do not live with their families.D. Both B and C.5. Which of the following does the author suggest in the last paragraph?A. It may not be a wise policy to keep elephants in the zoo.B. Elephants are no longer an endangered species.C. Zoo-born elephants should be looked after more carefully.D. Zoos should keep more animals except elephants.+第四十五篇Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others练习：1. In paragraph 2, John Hayes points out thatA. it is good to health to eat food without salt.B. many people reject low-salt food completely.C. many people accept low-salt tasteless food reluctantlyD. food with reduced salt tastes better.2. The fourth paragraph describes brieflyA. how to select subjects and what to do in the research.B. how to identify supertasters and nontasters.C. why to limit the number of subjects to 87 persons.D. why to select more male subjects than female ones.3. The article argues that supertastersA. like the taste of saltiness to block sweet tastes in food.B. like snack foods as saltiness is their primary flavor.C. consume less salt because they don't like intensive tastes.D. like to share salty cheese with nontasters.4. Which of the following applies to supertasters in terms of bitter taste?A. They like bitterness in foods as well as saltiness.B. They like high-salt cheese as it has intense bitter taste.C. They prefer high-salt cheese, which tastes less bitter..D. They prefer high-salt cheese as it is good to health.5. What message do the last two paragraphs carry'?A. Taste acuity is genetically determined.B. Taste acuity is developed over time after birth.C. Taste acuity is related to one's eye and hair color.D. Taste acuity is still a mysterious subject in science.+第四十六篇MarvelousMetamaterials练习：1. What is true for metamaterials?A. They will always remain in science fiction.B. They are already a reality.C. They are nonexistent in nature.D. Scientists begin to use them to build invisible cloaks.2. A hyperlens is a more powerful tool than a traditional lensA. as it can allow scientists to see small things.B. as it can help photographers to capture images far away.C. even if it is made of ordinary materials.D. as it can help scientists to see even the wavelengths of visible light.3. Scientists at the Polytechnic University of Valencia try to inventA. an acoustic cloak that can shuffle waves of light.B. an invisible cloak that can shuffle waves of sound.C. an acoustic cloak that can shuffle waves of sound.D. a cloak that is made of materials found in nature.4. According to Sánchez-Dehesa,A. it is of great possibility to build an acoustic cloak soon.B. it is possible to build an acoustic cloak in theory but far from reality.C. it is totally impossible to build an acoustic cloak.D. it is theoretically impractical to build an acoustic cloak.5. What ways are some scientists looking into to protect the island and oil rig from tsunamis?(Read the last paragraph.)A. Surround them with metamaterials as protective shields..B. Stopping the tsunami with metamaterials hours before it reaches them.C. Building them with larger metamaterials to keep away tsunamis.D. Using the equipment made of metamaterials to forecast arrival of a tsunami.。

2011全国职称英语考试目录2011年职称英语—综合类—阅读理解新增文章中文译文 (2)综合类---C级2第八篇当代婚姻 (2)综合类---B级2第三十八篇对年轻人的过高期望 (2)综合类---A级2第四十七篇多不胜选 (2)2011年职称英语—理工类—阅读理解新增文章中文译文 (3)理工类---C级3第二篇世界原油产量可能提前十年达到峰值 (3)第六篇编制灯光 (3)理工类---B级4第三十四篇病毒电池 (4)第三十八篇野生大象寿命更长 (4)理工类---A级4第四十五篇咸度味感因人而异 (4)第四十六篇不可思议的超材料 (5)2011年职称英语—卫生类—阅读理解新增文章中文译文 (5)卫生类---C级5第三篇厨房油烟可致癌 (5)卫生类---B级6第十八篇老年糖尿病患者进行体育锻炼可以取代胰岛素治疗 (6)第二十四篇遏制虐待儿童现象 (6)卫生类---A级7第三十四篇警惕抗菌药物的耐药性 (7)2011全国职称英语考试2011年职称英语—综合类—阅读理解新增文章中文译文综合类---C级第八篇当代婚姻如今的婚姻出什么严重问题了吗？在过去50年中，美国的离婚率暴涨：现在几乎50%的婚姻以离婚告终，证据显示，情况还将持续恶化。

据美国国家联合会的发言人称，如果这种趋势持续下去，将导致家庭的破裂。

一些未来学家预测，100年后的美国人将平均至少结四次婚，而婚外恋甚至将比现在更为普遍。

那问题的原因是什么？现状真的如此糟糕吗？第一个问题的答案十分简单：婚姻早已不像它过去那样非有不可了。

从好些年前开始，经济需求已经只是婚姻的部分基础。

过去，由于女性除了家庭以外没有任何工作，她们常常在经济上依赖丈夫。

现在，随着高薪女性的增多，情况也已经改变。

因此，她们觉得没有必要被一段失败的婚姻捆住手脚。

回答第二个问题，前景似乎不像它看起来那么令人悲观。

尽管离婚率升高，但世纪结婚率并没有下降，所以说结婚还是挺流行的。

除此之外，现在许多恋人同居但并不急着领证。

A级完型填空新增文章教材第十五篇文章Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ ScoresYoung adults who are fit have a higher IQ and are more likely to go on to university，reveals a major new study carried out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hospital．The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)． The study involved l.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were born between l950 and l976．The research group analysed the results of both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took fight after they started serving the army．The study shows a clear link between good physical fitness and better results for the IQ test．The strongest links are for logical thinking and verbal comprehension．But it is only fitness that plays a role in the results for the IQ test，and not strength．“Being fit means that you also have good heart and lung capacity and that your brain gets plenty of oxygen，”says Michael Nilsson，professor at the S ahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital．“This may be one of the reasons why we can see a clear link with fitness，but not with muscular strength．We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important．”By analysing data for twins，the researchers have been able to determine that it is primarily environmental factors and not genes that explain the link between fitness and a higher IQ．“We have also shown that those youngsters who improve their physical fitness between ages of l5 and l8 increase their cognitive performance," says Mafia Aberg，researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre．“This being the case6，physical during is a subject that has an important place in schools，and is an absolute must if we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects.”The researchers have also compared the results from fitness tests service national service with the socio-economic status of the men later in life．Those who were fit at l8 were more likely to go into higher education，and many secured more qualified jobs．B级完型填空新增文章教材第十二篇文章Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in TeensWhile some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to "self-medicate" against the blues，scientists at the University of Toronto and the University of Montreal have found that smoking may actually increase depressive symptoms in some teens.“This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived emotional benefits of smoking among teens,” says lead researcher Michael Chaiton，a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto．“Although cigarettes may appear to have self-medicating effects or to improve mood，in the long term we found that teens who started to smoke reported higher depressive symptoms.”As part of the study，some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires about their use of cigarettes to affect mood．Secondary schools were selected to provide a mix of French and English participants，urban and rural schools，and schools located in high, moderate and low socioeconomic neighbourhoods．Participants were divided into three groups: never smokers；smokers who did notuse cigarettes to self-medicate，improve mood or physical state；smokers who used cigarettes to self-medicate．Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how felt too fired to do things：had trouble going to sleep or staying asleep；felt unhappy，sad，or depressed；felt hopeless about the future；felt vexed，antsy or tense；and worried too much about things．"Smokers who used cigarettes as mood improvers had higher risks of elevated depressive symptoms than teens who had never smoked," says co-researcher Jennifer 0’Loughlin，a professor at the University of Montreal Department of Social and Preventive Medicine．"0ur study found that teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are at higher risk of developing depressive symptoms."The association between depression and smoking exists principally among teens that usecigarettes to feel better．"It’s important to emphasize that depressive symptom scores were higher among teenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke," says Dr．Chaiton．C级完型填空新增文章教材第三篇文章What Is the Coolest Gas in the Universe?What is the coldest air temperature ever recorded on the Earth? Where was this low temperature recorded? The coldest recorded temperature on Earth was -91℃ which occurred in Antarctica in 1983．We encounter an interesting situation when we discuss temperatures in space. Temperatures in Earth orbit actually range from about +120℃to -120℃．The temperature depends upon whether you are in direct sunlight or shade．Obviously, -l20℃ is colder than our body can safely endure．Thank NASA science for well-designed space suits that protect astronauts from these temperature extremes．The space temperatures just discussed affect only Our area of the solar system．Obviously，it is hotter closer to the Sun and colder as we travel away from the Sun．Astronomers estimate temperatures at Pluto are about -210℃．How cold is the lowest estimated temperature in the entire universe? Again，it depends upon your location．We are taught it is supposedly impossible to have a temperature below absolute zero，which is-273℃，at which atoms do not move．Two scientists，whose names are Cornell and Wieman，have successfully cooled down a gas temperature barely above absolute zero．They won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 2001 for their work—not a discovery，in this case．Why is the two scientists' work so important to science?In the l920s，Satyendra Nath Bose was studying an interesting theory about particles we now call photons．Bose had trouble convincing other scientists to believe so he contacted Albert Einstein．Einstein's calculations helped him theorize would behave as Bose thought——but only at very cold temperatures．Scientists have also discovered that ultra-cold atoms can help them make the world's atomic clocks even more accurate．These clocks are so accurate today they would only lose 0ne second every six million years! Such accuracy will help us travel in space because distance is velocity times time (d=v×t)．With the long distances involved in space travel to know time as accurately as possible to get accurate distance．。