2020年职称英语考试真题卫生类B级补全短文(文字版)

2020年职称英语真题卫生类B级补全短文（文字版）What Is a Dream?For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say thatthis nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others，however， think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person’s mind and emotions.Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud1，was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person’s wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung2 was once a student of Freud’s. Jung，however，had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams. For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz，believes thatdreams are tightly linked to a person’s daily life, thoughts, and behavior. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.Domhoff believes that there is a connection betweendreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men’s dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women’s dreams.3 Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. However, one thing they agree on this： If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn’t panic. The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It’s important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.词汇：psychologist 心理学家 psychiatrist 精神病学家Austrian 奥地利的 gender 性别注释：1.Sigmund Freud西格蒙德·弗洛伊德(1856—1939)，犹太人，奥地利精神病医生及精神分析学家。

2020年职称英语综合类B级补全短文练习题(3)The Story of LaniFive-year-old Lani still takes seven medicines with her breakfast every morning。

“She’s very good about it ”saysher father ni is alive today because of her father David，in more than one way;when she was one year old she received part of her fathe r’s liver in a liver—transplant ni was born with a liver illness . __________ (46) Doctors advised that a transplant was the only way in which she would live.The operation lasted 12 hours and needed two teams，onefor the father and one for thedaughter __________ (47)Inthese cases，the donor’s liver grows to normal size in about eight weeks。

and t11e child’s liver becomes smaller.Lani spent three weeks in hospital after theoperation.Because the receiver’s body tries to reject thenew organ，the patient has to be given special drugs__________ (48)Although David left hospital after 10 days，he didn’t return to work until after three months.In order to reach the liver, the doctors have to cut through the stomach wall，which is strong and full of muscle.It therefore takes a long time to recover after this operation. __________ (49)So far，only 16 of these liver—transplant operations have beencarried out in Britain. __________ (50)Doctors say,“If possible，we prefer to take a liver from a dead don not, usually a parent.”Lani still has to look after her health，and she gets more tired than other children of the same age，but doctors hope that she will continue to get stronger and stronger.A She had one operation when she was six weeks old，which was not successful.B While these drugs are given，it is important that the patient does not catch any illness，not even a cold.C In this operation a piece of liver, weighing about 250--300 grams，was removed from the father and transplanted into the daughter.D David quickly recovered from the operation.E However, they are more common in North America and Japan.F David was finally able to ride his bike again after about a year.答案：1. A 2. C 3. B 4. F 5. E。

2020年职称英语考试卫生类B级阅读文章(3)Diet, Alcohol Linked to Nearly One Third of CancersDiet is second only to tobacco as a leading cause of cancer and, along with alcohol, is responsible for nearly one third of cases of the disease in developed countries, a leading researcher said on Tuesday.Dr. Tim Key, of the University of Oxford, told a cancer conference that scientists are still discovering how certain foods contribute to cancer, but they know that diet, alcohol and obesity . play a major role.“Five percent of cancers could be avoided if nobody was obese,” he said.While tobacco is blinked to about 30 percent of cancer cases, diet is involved in an estimated 25 percent and alcohol in about six percent.Obesity raises the risk of breast, womb, bowel and kidney cancer, while alcohol is known to cause cancers of the mouth, throat and liver, Its dangerous impact is increased when combined with smoking.Key told the meeting of the charity Cancer Research UK that other elements of diet linked to cancer are still unknown but scientists are hoping that the EPIC study, which is comparing the diets of 500,000 people in 10 countries and their risk of cancer, will provide some answers .Early results of the study have revealed that Norway, Sweden and Denmark have the lowest consumption of fruit andvegetables among European countries while Italy and Spain have the highest. Eating at least five portions of fruit and vegetables a day is recommended to reduce the risk of cancer.Key, principal scientist on the EPIC study, said it is looking at dietary links to some of the most common cancers including colorectal, breast and prostate.。

2020年职称英语《卫生类AB级》补全短文模拟（3）"Happy Birthday to You"The main problem in discussing American popular cultureis also one of its main characteristics： it won't stay American. No matter what it is,whether it is films,food and fashion，music,casual sports or slang,it's soon at home elsewhere in the world.There are severaltheories why American popular culture has had this appeal（吸引力）。

One theory is that it has been "advertised" and marketed through American films,popularmusic,and morerecently,television. ___（1）___ They are,after all,in competition with those produced by other countries.Another theory,probably a more common one,is thatAmerican popular culture isinternationally associated with something called "thespirit of America."___（2）___The final theory is less complex： American popularculture is popular because a lot of peoplein the world likeit.Regardless of why it spreads，2 American popular cultureis usually quite rapidly adopted andthen adapted in manyother countries.___（3）。

2020年职称英语考试卫生类B级阅读(1) Human Heart Can Make New CellsSolving a longstanding mystery, scientists have foundthat the human heart continues to generate new cardiac cells throughout the life span, although the rate of new cell production slows with age.The finding, published in the April 3 issue of Science, could open a new path for the treatment of heart diseases such as heart failure and heart attack, experts say."We find that the beating cells in the heart, cardiomyocytes, are renewed," said lead researcher Dr. Jonas Frisen, a professor of stem cell research at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, Sweden. "It has previously not been known whether we were limited to the cardiomyocytes we are born with or if they could be renewed," he said.The process of renewing these cells changes over time, Frisen added. In a 20-year-old, about 1 percent of cardiomyocytes are exchanged each year, but the turnover rate decreases with age to only 0.45 percent by age 75."If we can understand how the generation of new cardiomyocytes is regulated, it may be potentially be possible to develop pharmaceuticals that promote this process to stimulate regeneration after, for example, a heart attack," Frisen said.That could lead to treatment that helps restore damaged hearts."A lot of people suffer from chronic heart failure,"noted co-author Dr. Ratan Bhardwaj, also from the Karolinska Institute. "Chronic heart failure arises from heart cells dying," he said.With this finding, scientists are "opening the door to potential therapies to having ourselves heal ourselves," Bhardwaj said. "Maybe人体心脏可产生新细胞科学家解开了一个为时甚久的谜团，他们发现人类心脏在人的一生中持续地产生新的心肌细胞，即使新细胞产生的速度随年龄增长而放缓。

职称英语考试卫生类B级补全短文GarlicFrom early times man has used garlic (大蒜). The Bible speaks of it. The Israelites (古以色列人) were once far from home. They cried out to Moses, their leader, for the foods they loved： leeks (韭菜), onions, and garlic. The Romans, like the Israelites, loved to eat garlic. And they hung bags of garlic around their necks. _____(1) They also thought it would keep them from getting sick.A similar idea is still held. Many people take garlic thinking it will prevent or cure disease. Most doctors say it does no such thing. _____(2) Its smell may force people to stay far apart. At least then they can't pass germs on to each other. _____(3) What if you're in a play, for instance? Actors have been known to forget their lines because they couldn't stand the garlic smell on a fellow actor's breath. Some have even made up new lines and actions that kept them far away from the one who had eaten garlic.Through the years man has tried to cope with the smell of garlic. _____(4) We now know why. It's been found that the oils of the garlic do not stick to the teeth, Garlic tongue, or gums (齿龈). They go into the lungs instead. From there they are breathed out. They pass out through the skin too.Strange as it seems, food may have a great deal of garlic in it without smelling or tasting strong. It all depends on how it is cooked. French cooks make a good soup with whole cloves (瓣) of garlic. They use more than thirty cloves in one bowl of soup. But they take care not to crush them. Andthey cook them whole. _____(5) And as the cloves cook they change in some strange way. The soup turns out to be delicious. It's not strong at all.A But no medicine, mouthwash, chewing gum, or toothpaste seems to help muchB As a result, the strong oils stay in the cloves.C They say it may help in one way, though.D Many people eat garlic.E But keeping your distance can be hard at times.F They hoped it would keep away the evil eye.补全短文46. F 47. C 48. E 49. A 50. B。

2020年职称英语真题及答案：《卫生B》补全短文以下试题为网友提供，仅供考生参考!2020年职称英语考试真题生类补全短文真题已公布(文字版)，出自2020年职称英语教材卫生类阅读判断第九篇：What Is a Dream 附译文。

What Is a Dream?For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say thatthis nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others，however， think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person’s mind and emotions.Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way.The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud1，was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person’s wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung2 was once a student of Freud’s. Jung，however，had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. He thought people could learn moreabout themselves by thinking about their dreams. For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff from the University of California, Santa Cruz，believes thatdreams are tightly linked to a person’s daily life, thoughts, and behavior. A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.Domhoff believes that there is a connection betweendreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. For example, the people in men’s dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting. This is not true of women’s dreams.3 Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in different ways. However, one thing they agree on this： If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn’t panic. The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It’s important to remember that the world of dreams is not the real world.词汇：psychologist 心理学家 psychiatrist 精神病学家Austrian 奥地利的 gender 性别注释：1.Sigmund Freud西格蒙德·弗洛伊德(1856—1939)，犹太人，奥地利精神病医生及精神分析学家。

2020年职称英语考试卫生类B级补全短文练习及答案（4）Tests Show Women Suited for Space TravelBetween 1977 and 1981,three groups of American woman,___（1）___,between the age of 35 and 65,were given month-long tests to determine how they would respond to conditions resembling those aboard the space shuttle.Though ___（2）___,the women were volunteers and the pay was barely above the minimum wage. They were not allowed ___（3）____ during the tests,and they were expected to tolerate each other‘s company at close quarters for the entire period. Among other things they had to stand pressure three times the force of gravity and carry out both physical and mental tasks __（4）__. At the end of ten days,they had to spend a further twenty days absolutely confined to bed,during which time they suffered backaches and other discomforts,and when they were finally allowed up,the more physically active women were especially subject to pains due to a slight calcium loss.Results of the tests suggest that women will have significant advantages over men in space. They need less food and les oxygen and they stand up to radiation better. Men‘s advantages __（5）__,meanwhile,are virtually wiped out by the zero-gravity condition in space.练习：A）to smoke or drink alcoholB） carefully selected from among many applicantsC） numbering 27 in allD） in terms of strength and staminaE） those who are physically strongerF） while exhausted from strenuous physical exercise 答案：C B A F D。

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The Day a Language DiedWhen Carios Westez died at the age of 76. a language died, too. Westez, more monly known as Red Thunder Cloud, was the last speaker of the Native American language. Catawba. Anyone who wants to hear the songs of the Catawba can contact the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., where, back in the 1940s, Red Thunder Cloud recorded aseries of songs for future generations. (46)They are allthat is left of the Catawba language. The language that people used to speak is gone forever.We are all aware of the damage that modern industry can do to the world’s ecology(生态).However, few people are aware of the impact widely spoken languages have on other languages and ways of life. English has spread all over the world. Chinese, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi have bee powerful languages. As well, (47).When this happens, hundreds of languages that are spoken by only a few die out.Scholars believe there are about 6,000 languages around the world, but more than half of them could die out within the next 100 years. There are many examples, Araki is anative language of the island of Vanuatu, located in the Pacific Ocean. It is spoken by only a few older adults，so like Catawba，Araki will soon disappear. Many languages of Ethiopia will have the same fate because each one has only a few speakers. (48)In the Americas, 100 languages, each of which has fewer than 300 speakers, also are dying out.Red Thunder Cloud was one of the first to recognize the threat of language death and to try to do something about it. He was not actually born into the Catawba tribe, and the language was not his mother tongue. (49). The songs he sang for the Smithsonian Institution helped to make Native American music popular. Now he is gone, and the language is dead.What does it mean when a language disappears? When a plant or insect or animal species dies, it is easy to understand what we’ve been lost and to appreciate whatthis means for the balance of the natural word. However, language is only a product of the mind. To be the last remaining speaker of a language，like Red Thunder Cloud，must be a lonely destiny, almost as strange and terrible as being the last surviving member of a dying species. (50)A. As these language bee more powerful. their use as tools of business and culture increase.B. For the rest of us, when a language dies, we lose the possibility of a unique way of seeing and describing the world.C . These language don’t have many native speakers.D . However，he was a frequent visitor to the Catawba reservation in South Carcinoma where he learned the language.E . Papua New Guinea is an extremely rich source of different languages，but more than 100 of them are in danger of extinction(灭绝).F . Some people might want to try to learn some of these songs by heart.答案：46、F ;47、A ;48、C;49、D;50、B。

2020年职称英语真题《卫生B》补全短文真题及答案What Is a Dream?For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say thatthis nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others, however, think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person's mind and emotions.Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. _____(46)The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud, was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person's wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life.The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung was once a student of Freud's. Jung, however, had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer._____(47)For example, people who dream about falling may learn that they have too high an opinion of themselves. On the other hand, people who dream about being heroes may learn that they think too little of themselves.Modern-day psychologists continue to develop theories about dreams. For example, psychologist William Domhoff fromthe University of California, Santa Cruz, believes that dreams are tightly linked to a person's daily life, thoughts, and behavior. _____(48)Domhoff believes that there is a connection between dreams and age. His research shows that children do not dream as much as adults. According to Domhoff, dreaming is a mental skill that needs time to develop.He has also found a link between dreams and gender. His studies show that the dreams of men and women are different. _____(49)This is not true of women's dreams. Domhoff found this gender difference in the dreams of people from 11 cultures around the world, including both modern and traditional ones.Can dreams help us understand ourselves? Psychologists continue to try to answer this question in differentways._____(50)The dream may have meaning, but it does not mean that some terrible event will actually take place. It's important to remember that the world of dreams is not thereal world.46.【题干】_____【选项】A.For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting.B.Men and women dream about different things.C.A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.D.However, one thing they agree on this： If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn't panic.E.It was only in the twentieth century that peoplestarted to study dreams in a scientific way.F.He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams.【答案】E【解析】47.【题干】_____【选项】A.For example, the people in men's dreams are often other men, and the dreams often involve fighting.B.Men and women dream about different things.C.A criminal, for example, might dream about crime.D.However, one thing they agree on this： If you dream that something terrible is going to occur, you shouldn't panic.E.It was only in the twentieth century that peoplestarted to study dreams in a scientific way.F.He thought people could learn more about themselves by thinking about their dreams.【答案】F【解析】。

2020年职称英语卫生类B级真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1．Jane said that she couldn’t tolerate the long hours．A．spendB．takeC．lastD．stand2．At that time，we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened．A．giveB．attachC．understandD．lose3．His shoes were shined to perfection．A．clearedB．washedC．mendedD．polished4．Marsha confessed that she knew nothing of computer．A．reportedB．hopedC．answeredD．admitted5．We have to act within the existing legal framework．A．systemB．limitC．procedureD．status6．The high-speed trains can have a major impact on our lives．A．effortB．problemC．influenceD．concern7．The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses．A．relativeB．generalC．continuousD．sharp8．They converted the spare bedroom into an office．A．reducedB．turnedC．movedD．reformed9．Mr．Henley has accelerated his sale of shares over the past year．A．heldC．expectedD．offered10．We need to extract the relevant financial data．A．obtainB．storeC．saveD．review11．The police believe the motive for the murder was jealousy．A．choiceB．ideaD．reason12．We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference．A．investigatedB．offeredC．includedD．accepted13．Anderson left the table，remarking that he had some work to do．A．sayingB．doubtingC．thinking14．She always finds fault with everything．A．simplifiesB．criticizesC．evaluatesD．examines15．The view from my bedroom window was absolutely spectacular．A．generalB．traditionalC．magnificentD．strong第2部分：阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是准确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.Relieving the Pain"Exercise may be the best treatment of chronic pain," say doctors at a new clinic for dealing with pain, "People with chronic pain need to stop lying around, go out more, andstart exercising." The instinctive reaction to acute pain is to stop moving and to try to protect the source of pain. But it seems that this is often not productive, especially in the case of back pain. Back pain, after headaches and tiredness, has become the third most common reason for people to visit their doctors. Painful backs now account for millions of days off work.Lumbar(腰部的) pains are partly the price humans pay for taking their forelimbs off the ground, but they are made worse by a sedentary(久坐不动的) lifestyle. Lack of exercise slowly decreases the flexibility and strength of muscles, so that it is more difficult to take pressure off the site of pain. Exercise is essential. It releases endorphins(内啡肽), the body's "feel-good" chemicals, which are natural painkillers. In fact, these are so important that researchers are now looking for drugs that can maintain a comfortable level of endorphins in the body.Most people who go to a family doctor complaining of pain are prescribed pain-killing drugs rather than exercise. Since finding the cause of backache is not so easy, doctors frequently do not know the precise cause of the discomfort, and as the pain continues, sufferers end up taking stronger doses or a series of different drugs. "It's crazy," says Dr. Brasseur, a therapist at the International Association for the Study of Pain. "Some of them are taking different drugs prescribed by different doctors. I've just seen a patient who was taking two drugs which turned out to be the same thing under different names."A generation of new pain clinics now operates on the basis that drugs are best avoided. Once patients have undergone the initial physical and psychological check up, their medication is cut down as much as possible. Taking patients off drugs also prepares them for physical activity.In some pain-relief clinics, patients begin the day with muscle contraction and relaxation exercises, followed by an hour on exercise bikes. Later in the day, they practice tai chi (太极), self-defense, and deep thought. This compares with an average of two-and-a-half hours' physiotherapy(理疗) a week in a traditional hospital program. "The idea is to strengthen and to increase long-lasting energy, flexibility, and confidence," explains Bill Wiles, a consultant pain doctor in Liverpool. "Patients undergoing this therapy getback to work and resume healthy active lifestyles much sooner than those subjected to more conservative treatment."16. To treat pain, patients should stop moving around.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned17. Headaches are partly caused by lack of exercise.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned18. Exercise helps to take the pressure off the site of pain.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned19. Doctors often use drugs such as endorphins to treat patients.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned20. Exercise helps pain sufferers to recover more quickly than traditional treatment.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned21. Exercise helps pain sufferers to recover more quickly than traditional treatment.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned22. New pain clinics ask patients to give up drugs completely.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2~5段每段选择1个标题；（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个选项。

2020年职称英语考试卫生类B级补全短文练习及答案（3）A Heroic WomanThe whole of the United States cheered its latesthero,Ashley Smith,with the Federal Bureau of lnvestigation saying it was planning to give a big reward to her for having a brave heart and wise mind.＿（46）＿She was moving into her apartment inAtlanta,Georgia early on the morning of March 12,when a man followed her to her door and put a gun to her side."I started walking to my door,and I felt really,really afraid,"she said in a TV interview last week.The man was Brian Nichols,33.He was suspected of killing three people at an Atlanta courthouse（法院）on March 11 and later of killing a federal agent.＿（47）＿Nichols tied Smith up with tape,but released her after she repeatedly begged him not to take her life."I told him if he hurt me,my little girl wouldn't have a mummy,"she said.In order to calm the man down,she read to him from"The Purpose-Driven Life",a best-selling religious book.He asked her to repeat a paragraph"about what you thought your purpose inlife was-what talents were you given."＿（48）＿"I basically just talked to him and tried to gain his trust,"Smith said.Smith said she asked Nichols why he chose her."He said he thought I was an angel sent from God,and we were Christiansister and brogher,"she said."And that he was lost,and that God led him to me to tell him that he had hurt a lot of peopole."＿（49）＿She said Nichols was surprised when she made him breakfast and that the two of them watchedtelevision coverage（报道）of the police hunt for him."I cannot believe that's me,"Nichols told the woman.Then,Nichols asked Smith what she thought he should do.She said,"I think you should turn yourself in.If you don’t,lots more people are going to get hurt."Eventually,he let her go.＿（50）＿A US$60,000 reward had been posted for Nichols' capture.Authorities said they did not yet know if Smith would be eligible（有资格的）for that money.A.The local police were searching for him.B.Smith is a 26-year-old single mother with a daughter.C.Smith tried very hard to kill Nichols.D.She even cooked breakfast for the man before he allowed her to leave.E.And the two of them discussed this topic.F.Then she called the police.答案：46.B47.A48.E49.D50.F。

2020年职称英语考试卫生类B级阅读文章(7)ExerciseWhether or not exercise adds to the length of life, it is common experience that a certain amount of regular exercise improves the health and contributes a feeling of well-being. Furthermore, exercise which involves play and recreation, and relieves nervous tension and mental fatigue in so doing, is not only pleasant but beneficial.How much and what kind of exercise one should take merits careful consideration. The growing child and the normal young man and young woman thrill with the exhilaration of strenuous sports. They fatigue to the point of exhaustion but recover promptly with a period of rest. But not so with those _of middle age and beyond. For them moderation is of vital importance. Just how much exercise a person of a given age can safely take is question hard _to answer. Individual variability is too great to permit of generalization. A game of tennis may be perfectly safe for one person of forty but folly for another. The sage limit for exercise depends on the condition of the heart, the condition of the muscles, the type of exercise, and the regularity with which it is taken. Two general suggestions, however, will serve as sound advice for anyone. The first is that the condition of the heart and general health should be determined periodically by careful, thorough physical examinations. The other is that exercise should be kept below the point of physical exhaustion.What type of exercise one should choose _depends upon one’s physical condition. Young people can safely enjoyvigorous competitive sports, but most older persons do better to limit themselves to less strenuous activities. Walking, swimming, skating are among the sports that one can enjoy and safely participate in throughout life. Regularity is important if one is to get the most enjoyment and benefit out of exercise.。

2017职称英语卫生类B试题及答案解析1 Breast Cancer Deaths Record LowThe number of women dying from breast cancer has fallen to a record low by dropping under 12,000 a year for the first time since records began.The Cancer Research UK data showed that 11 ,990 women died in the UK in 2007.The previous lowest figure had been recorded in 1971-the year records began-after which it rose steadily year by year until the late 1980s.Professor Peter Johnson, Cancer Research UK's chief clinician, said, It's incredibly encoura- ging to see fewer women dying from breast cancer now than at any time in the last 40 years, despite breast cancer being diagnosed more often.Research has played a crucial role in this progress leading to improved treatments and better management for women with the disease."The introduction of the NHS(国民保健制度)breast screening program has also contributed as women are more likely to survive the earlier cancer is diagnosed."Breast cancer is now the most common cancer in the UK with 45,500 women every year diag nosed with the disease-a 50% rise in25 years.The number of deaths peaked in 1989, when 15,625 women died. It then fell by between 200 and 400 deaths each year until 2004.There was a slight rise in 2005 and then two vears of falls.Dr Sarah Cant, policy manager at Breakthrough Breast Cancer, said, "It is great news that fewer women are dying from breast cancer and highlights the impact of improved treatments, breast screening and awareness of the disease."However, this is still too many women and incidence(发生率)of the disease is increasing year by year."The rising rate of breast cancer diagnosis has been put down to a variety of factors including obesity(肥胖)and alcohol consumption.1. 11,990 women died from breast cancer in the UK in 2007.A. RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned2. Breast cancer deaths began to be recorded in the UK in 1971.A. RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned3. The rate of breast cancer diagnosis in the UK has been dropping.A. RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned4. Breast cancer can come back 10 years after you were first diagnosed.A. RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned5. Breast cancer is more common in the UK than in many other countries.A. RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned6. Fewer women died from breast cancer in the UK in 2005 than in 2004.A. RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned7. Obesity and alcohol consumption may also lead to some other diseases.A. RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：1.A[解析]在英国，2007年有11，990名女士死于乳腺癌。

2020年职称英语《卫生类AB级》补全短文模拟（4）They Say Ireland's the BestIreland is the best place in the world lo live for2005.according to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britain.s Economist magazine last week.The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the World is based ol3 the principle that wealth is not theonly measure of human satisfaction and well-being.The index of 111 countries uses data onincomes.health.unemployment.climate,political stability,job security,gender equality as well as what the magazine calls "freedom,family and community life".Despite the bad weather,troubled health service.traffic congestion（拥挤）,gender inequality,and the high cost of living.Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of l0.That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland,which managed 8.07. Zimbabwe. troubled by political insecurity and hunger,is rated the gloomiest（最差的）,picking up only 3.89 points."Although rising incomes and increased individual choices are highly valued," the report said. "some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown（崩溃）in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact.""Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new with the preservation ofcertain warm elements of the old,such as stable family and community life."The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do,and that its findings would have their critics.N0.2 on the list is Switzerland.The other nations in the top 10 areNorway,Luxembourg,Sweden,Australia,Iceland,Italy,Denmark and Spain.The UK is portioned at N0.29,a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US,which has the second highest per capita GDP（人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg,took the 13th place in the survey.China was in the lower haft of the league at 60th.16 For 2,005 years,Ireland has been the best place for humans to live in.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned17 Job security is the least important measure of life quality.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned18 Cost of living in Ireland is pretty high.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned19 Family life in Zimbabwe is not stable.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned20 lreland is positioned at N0.1 because it combines the most desirable elements of the new with some good elements of the old.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned21 To measure life quality is easy. Reinventing the TableAn earth scientist has rejigged（调整） the periodic table （元素周期表）to make chemistry simpler to teach to students._____（1）____ But Bruce Railsback from the University of Georgia says he is the first to create a table that breaks with tradition and shows the ions of each element rather than just the elements themselves.“I got tired of breaking my arms trying to explain the periodic table to earth students,” he says,criss-crossing （交叉） his hands in the air and pointing to different bits of a traditional table.___（2）_____ But he has added contour lines to charge density,helping to explain which ions（离子）react with which.Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of what's going on with the elements,“ saysAlbert Galy from t he University of Cambridge ____（3）_______（4）___ He explains that sulphur（硫磺）,for example,shows up in three differentspots __one for sulphide （硫化物）,which is found in minerals,one for sulphite（亚硫酸盐）,and one for sulphate,which is found in sea salt,for instance.He has also included symbols to show which ions are nutrients,and which are common in soil or water.___ （5）___练习：A There have been many attempts to redesign the periodic table since Dmitri Mendeleevit up in 1871.B Railsback has still ordered the elements ac,cording to the number of protons they have.C “I imagine this would be good for undergraduates .D Railsback has listed some elements more than once.E And the size of element's symbol reflects how much of it is found in the Earth's crust.F The traditional periodic table was well drawn.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned22 The United States of America is among the top 10 countries.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned。