2016职称英语理工类补全短文备考练习题

2016职称英语理工b级补全短文冲刺试题We can now watch electricity as it'flows through even the tiniest circuits. By scanning(扫描) the magnetic field(磁场) generated as electric currents flow through objects(物体), physicists have managed___(1)___ .The technology will allow manufacturers to scan microchips for faults, as well as revealing microscopic defects in anything from aircraft to banknotes.Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, visualize thecurrent by measuring subtle(细微的) changes in the magnetic field of an object and __(2)__.Their sensor is adapted~ from an existing piece(现有配件) of technology that is used to measure large magnetic fields in computer hard drives.2 "We redesigned the magnetic sensor to make it capable of measuring (测量)very weak changes in magnetic fields," says Xiao.The resulting device is capable of detecting(测定) a current as weak as 10 microamperes, even when the wire is buried deep within a chip, and it shows up features (图案)as small as 40 nanometres across.At present, engineers looking for defects(缺陷) in a chip have to peel off(剥开) the layers and examine the circuits visually; this is one of the obstacles _(3). But the new magneticmicroscope is sensitive enough to look inside chips and reveal faultssuch as short circuits, nicksin the wires or electromigration(电迁移) -- where a dense area of current picks up surrounding atoms and moves them along. "It is like watching a river flow," explains Xiao.As well as scanning tiny circuits, the microscope can be used to reveal the internal structure of any object capable of conducting electricity.3 For example, it could look directly atmicroscopic cracks in an aeroplane's fuselage, ___(4) ___. The technique cannot yet pick upelectrical activity in the human brain because the current there is too small, but Xiao doesn't rule it out(排除...的可能性) in the future. "I can never say never," he says.Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public,it is already on sale,(上市)from electronics company Micro Magnetics in Fall River, Massachusetts. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are working __(5) ___.A to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 secondsB to making chips any smallerC to take tiny chips we requireD to picture the progress of the currentsE converting the information into a color picture showing the density of current at each pointF faults in the metal strip of a forged banknote or bacteria in a water sample参考答案: D E A B C更多职称英语考试免费资料请访问“新东方在线职称英语频道”。

职称英语考试真题及答案理工类A级补全短文2016年职称英语理工类A级补全短文考试真题及答案第四部分补全短文Researchers Discover Why Humans Began Walking UprightMost of us walk and carry items in our hands every day. These are seemingly simple activities that the majority of us don’t question. But an international team of researchers, including Dr. Richmond from GW's Columbian College of Arts and Sciences，have discovered that human walking upright, may have originated millions of years ago as an adaptation to carrying scarce, high- quality resources. The team of researchers from the U. S., England, Japan and Portugal investigated the behavior of modern-day chimpanzees as they competed for food resources，in an effort to understand what ecological settings would lead a large ape — one that resembles the 6 million-year old ancestor we shared in common with living chimpanzees — to walk on two legs.“These chimpanzees provide a model of the ecological conditions under which our earliest ancestors might have begun walking on two legs, "，said Dr. Richmond.The research findings suggest that chimpanzees switch to moving on two limbs instead of four in situations where they need to monopolize a resource. Standing on two legs allows them to carry much more at one time because it frees up their hands. Over time，intense bursts of bipedal activity may have led to anatomical changes that in turn became the subject of natural selection where competition for food or other resources was strong.Two studies were conducted by the team in Guinea. The first study was conducted by the team in Kyoto University’s “ outdoor laboratory ” in a natural clearing in Bossou Forest.Researchers allowed the wild chimpanzees access to different combinations of two different types of nut — the oil palm nut，which is naturally widely available, and the coula nut, which is not. The chimpanzees’ behavior was monitored in three situations:(a) when only oil palm nuts wereavailable,(b)when a small number of coula nuts were available，and(c) when coula nuts were the majority available resource.When the rare coula nuts were available only in small numbers, the chimpanzees transported more at one time. Similarly, when coula nuts were the majority resource, the chimpanzees ignored the oil palm nuts altogether. The chimpanzees regarded the coula nuts as a more highly-prized resource and competed for them more intensely.In such high-competition settings，the frequency of cases in which the chimpanzees started moving on two legs increased by a factor of four. Not only was it obvious that bipedal movement allowed them to carry more of this precious resource, but also that they were actively trying to move as much as they could in one go by using everything available 一 even their mouths.The second study, by Kimberley Hockings of Oxford Brookes University, was a 14-month study of Bossou chimpanzees crop-raiding, a situation in which they have to compete for rare and unpredictable Resources. Here, 35 percent of the chimpanzees activity involved some sort of bipedal movement, and once again, this behavior appeared to be linked to a clear attempt to carry as much as possible at one time.参考答案： BAEFC。

职称英语考试/模拟试题2016年职称英语理工类补全短文练习题（5）Mind Those Manners on the SubwaySo， there you are， just sitting there in the subway car， enjoying that book you just bought (1) Or， the person sitting next to you takes out anail clipper (指甲刀) and begins cutting his or her nails.Annoying? Many of us have to spend some time every day on public transportation (2) So， to make the trip more pleasant， we suggest the following：Let passengers get off the bus or subway car before you can get on 3)Stand away from the doors when they are closing Don't talk loudly on a bus or subway. Chatting loudly with your friends can be annoying to others.(4)Don't think your bags and suitcases (手提箱) deserve a seat of their own.Use a tissue whenever you cough or sneeze (打喷嚏)。

An uncovered sneeze can spread germs (细菌)，especially in crowded places.Don't cut your nails or pick your nose onpublic transportation.Don't read over other people's shoulder (5) It can make people uncomfortable. They might thinkyou're too stingy (小气的) even to buy a newspaper. Or they might think you're judging their behaviorA.Don't eat food in your car.B.Don't shout into your mobile phone on a bus or subway.C.We all know that some behaviors are simply unacceptableD.Many people do this on subways， but it's really annoyingE.Getting off and on in an orderly manner can save time for all.F.Suddenly， you feel someone leaning over your shoulder reading along with you参考答案：F C E B D2016年职称英语理工类补全短文练习题（5）.doc [全文共802字] 编号：6123856。

职称英语《理工C》补全短文真题下面是店铺整理的`2016年职称英语《理工C》补全短文真题及答案，提供给大家参考。

US Signs Global Tobacco TreatyThe United States has taken the first step toward approving a global tobacco treaty that promises to help control the deadly effects of tobacco use throughout the world. Health and Human Services Secretary Tommy Thompson signed the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) this week at the United Nations._____(46)The FCTC was developed by the World Health Organization and approved by members of the World Health Assembly, including the United States, last year. _____(47)For instance, cigarettes sold in those countries would have to have health warnings on at least 30% of the front and back of every pack._____(48)It also requires bans on tobacco advertising, though there are some exceptions for countries like the United States, where the Constitution prohibits such an outright ban._____(49)The World Health Organization estimates that tobacco use kills nearly 5 million people worldwide every year. In the US alone, about 440,000 people die each year from tobacco-related illnesses; about one-third of all cancers in the US are caused by tobacco use. If current trends continue, WHO estimates, by 2025 tobacco will kill 10 million people each year.The treaty must be ratified by at least 40 countries before it can take effect. _____(50)46.【题干】_____【选项】A.Tobacco stocks also perked up as investors discountedB.So far, 109 countries have signed it, and 12 have ratified it.C.The impact of the treaty could be huge.D.Countries that ratify(批准)it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies.E.The treaty calls for higher tobacco taxes, restrictions on smoking in public places, and more promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs.F.The Senate must still approve the treaty before the US can implement its provisions.【答案】F【解析】47.【题干】_____【选项】A.Tobacco stocks also perked up as investors discounted fears of litigation(诉讼)from the USB.So far, 109 countries have signed it, and 12 have ratified it.C.The impact of the treaty could be huge.D.Countries that ratify(批准)it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies.E.The treaty calls for higher tobacco taxes, restrictions on smoking in public places, and more promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs.F.The Senate must still approve the treaty before the US can implement its provisions.【答案】D【解析】48.【题干】_____【选项】A.Tobacco stocks also perked up as investors discountedB.So far, 109 countries have signed it, and 12 have ratified it.C.The impact of the treaty could be huge.D.Countries that ratify(批准)it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies.E.The treaty calls for higher tobacco taxes, restrictions on smoking in public places, and more promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs.F.The Senate must still approve the treaty before the US can implement its provisions.【答案】E【解析】49.【题干】_____【选项】A.Tobacco stocks also perked up as investors discounted fears of litigation(诉讼)from the USB.So far, 109 countries have signed it, and 12 have ratified it.C.The impact of the treaty could be huge.D.Countries that ratify(批准)it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies.E.The treaty calls for higher tobacco taxes, restrictions on smoking in public places, and more promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs.F.The Senate must still approve the treaty before the US can implement its provisions.【答案】C【解析】50.【题干】_____【选项】A.Tobacco stocks also perked up as investors discountedB.So far, 109 countries have signed it, and 12 have ratified it.C.The impact of the treaty could be huge.D.Countries that ratify(批准)it would be required to enact strict tobacco control policies.E.The treaty calls for higher tobacco taxes, restrictions on smoking in public places, and more promotion of tobacco prevention and cessation programs.F.The Senate must still approve the treaty before the US can implement its provisions.【答案】B【解析】拓展阅读：2016年职称英语《理工C》完形填空真题及答案People in Beijing wear a lot of clothing during winter to fend off(抵御)the cold. In the United States, however, people wear_____(51)partly because the car is the primary mode of transportation. Cars take_____(52)straight to their workplaces, which are heated well. The American diet is full of calories, so their_____(53)can afford to burn heat more quickly.Fewer layers of clothing give people the opportunity to stay_____(54)Lots of Yale girls wear skirts_____(55)when it's 10 degrees Centigrade outside. Some of them at least wear boots, tights, and leg-warmers. Some, however, really just go for the look _____(56)the risk of health. These girls have nothing to prevent their _____(57)against the wind, and no socks to protect their feet. A mini skirt and a pair of stilettos are all that they wear.Typically, the ones pursuing fashion are_____(58)with little body fat. Just by the nature of their bodies, they are already at a disadvantage compared with normal people in_____(59)weather. I have always_____(60),whenever I pass these girls, how theymanage to refrain from shivering and just smile like spring had arrived.And then there are the guys. The girls can be said to_____(61)health for beauty. But why do guys_____(62)so little? It is not like, once they shed some layers, they suddenly become better-looking. They are not exactly being fashionable when they _____(63)wear sporty(花哨的)shorts and shower slippers in the midst of winter. It's not cute(可爱的).Of course, people have the freedom to look whatever_____(64)hey want. I am just surprised that, given the vast difference between winter and summer temperatures in Connecticut, they can still_____(65)like they are partying on the beach in the middle of February.51.【题干】_____【选项】A.lessB.thinC.bareD.few【答案】A【解析】52.【题干】_____【选项】A.theyB.herC.themD.him【答案】C【解析】53.【题干】_____A.mealsB.dishesC.drinksD.bodies【答案】D【解析】54.【题干】_____ 【选项】A.fashionableB.bonyC.hungryD.funny【答案】A【解析】55.【题干】_____ 【选项】A.everB.evenC.neverD.not【答案】B【解析】56.【题干】_____ 【选项】A.inB.forC.atD.on【答案】C57.【题干】_____ 【选项】A.headsB.legsC.armsD.hands【答案】B【解析】58.【题干】_____ 【选项】A.fatB.skinnyC.uglyD.short【答案】B【解析】59.【题干】_____ 【选项】A.warmB.coolC.hotD.cold【答案】D【解析】60.【题干】_____ 【选项】A.dreamedB.statedC.claimedD.wondered 【答案】D【解析】61.【题干】_____ 【选项】A.hurtB.sacrificeC.sufferD.cost【答案】B【解析】62.【题干】_____ 【选项】A.bearB.carryC.manageD.wear【答案】D【解析】63.【题干】_____ 【选项】A.seldomB.onlyC.rarelyD.hardly【答案】B【解析】64.【题干】_____ 【选项】A.methodB.roadC.sideD.way【答案】D【解析】65.【题干】_____【选项】A.lookB.holdC.seemD.show【答案】A【解析】【2016年职称英语《理工C》补全短文真题】。

职称英语考试/模拟试题2016年职称英语理工类A级考试补全短文练习题(2)supermarketsupermarket is a type of retailing institution that has a moderately broad product assortment spanning groceries and some nonfood lines, that ordinarily emphasizes price in either an offensive or defensive way. as a method, supermarketretailing features several related product lines, a high degree of self-service, largely centralized checkout, and competitive prices. the supermarket approach to retailing is used to sell various kinds of merchandise, ____(1)____.the term supermarket usually refers to an institution in the grocery retailing field. most supermarkets emphasize price. some use price offensively by featuring low prices in order to attract customers. other supermarkets use price more defensively by relying on leader pricing to avoid a price disadvantage. since supermarketstypically have very thin gross margins, they need high levels of inventory turnover to achieve satisfactory returns on invested capital.supermarkets originates in the early 1930s. they were established by independents ____(2)____. supermarkets were an immediate success, and the innovation was soon adopted by chain stores. in recent decades supermarkets have added various nonfood lines to provide customers with one-stop shopping convenience and to improve overall gross margins.today stores using the supermarket method of retailing are dominant in grocery retailing. however, different names are used to distinguish these institutions ____(3)____:a superstore is a larger version of the supermarket. it offers more grocery and nonfood items ____(4)____. many supermarket chains are emphasizing superstores in their new construction.combination stores are usually even larger than superstore. they, too, offer more groceries and nonfoods than a supermarket but also most productlines found in a large drugstore. some combination stores are joint ventures between supermarkets and drug chains such as kroger and sav-on.for many years the supermarket has been under attack from numerous competitors. for example, a grocery shopper can choose among not only many brands of supermarkets but also various types of institutions (warehouse stores, gourmet shops, meat and fish markets, and convenience stores). supermarkets have reacted to competitive pressures ____(5)____: some cut costs and stressed low prices by offering more private brands and generic products and few customer services. others expanded their store size and assortments by adding more nonfood lines (especially products found in drugstores), groceries attuned to a particular market area (foods that appeal to a specific ethnic group, for example), and various service departments (including video rentals, restaurants, delicatessens, financial institutions, and pharmacies).a by size and assortmentb than a conventional supermarket doesc including building materials, office products, and, of course, groceriesd attracting more customers with their low pricese primarily in either of two waysf to compete with grocery chainskeys: CFABE2016年职称英语理工类A级考试补全短文练习题(2).doc [全文共1564字] 编号：6204253。

职称英语考试/模拟试题2016年职称英语考试模拟试题理工类6：补全短文Like fine food, good writing is something we approach with pleasure and enjoy from the first taste to the last._______(46) Quite the contrary, just as the cook has to undergo an intensive training, mastering the skills of his trade, the writer must sit at his desk and devote long hours to achieving a style in his writing, whatever its purpose-school work, matters of business, or purely social communication.___________(47)There are still some remote places in the world where you might find someone to do your business or social writing for you, for a fee. There are a few mangers who are lucky enough to have the service of that rare kind of secretary who can take care ofall sorts of letter writing with no more than a quick note to work from._____________(48)We have to write school papers, business papers or home papers. We are constantly called on to put words to paper. It would be difficult to count the number of such words, messages, letters, and reports put to the mails or delivered by hand, but the daily figure must be enormous.__________(49) We want to arouse and hold the interest of readers. We want whatever we write to be read, from first word to last, not thrown into some “letters-to-be-read” file or into a wastepaperbasket._____________(50)A But for most of us, if there is any writing to be done, we have to do it ourselves.B However, the managers may sometimes cause the writers a lot of trouble.C Any good writers, like good cooks, do not suddenly appear full-blown(成熟的)D What is more, everyone who writes expects, or at least hopes, that his writing will be read.E This is the reason we bend our efforts toward learning and practicing the skills of interesting, effective writing.F You may be sure that the greater the effort, the more effective the writing, and the more rewarding.2016年职称英语考试模拟试题理工类6：补全短文.doc [全文共954字] 编号：6123248。

职称英语考试/模拟试题2016年职称英语理工类补全短文模拟题(1)The Dangers of Secondhand SmokeMost people know that cigarette smoking is harmful to their health.Scientific research shows that it causes many kinds of diseases.In fact，many people who smoke get lung cancel However, Edward Gilson has lung cancer, and he has never smoked cigarettes.He lives with his wife，Evelyn，who has smoked about a pack of cigarettes a day throughout their marriage. __________.(46)No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.Nevertheless，doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathein the smoke. from other people’scigarettes.__________ (47)The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53，000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals.In the past.scientists did not也ink that these chemicals could harm a nonsmoker’s health. __________(48)They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic(有毒的)chemicalsin their bodies.As a matter of fact，almost all of US breathe tobacco smoke at times，whether we realize it or not.For example，we cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants，hotels and other public places.Even though many public places have nonsmoking areas，smoke flows in from the areas where smoking is permitted.It iS even harder for children to avoid secondhand smoke.__________ (49)Research shows that children who are exposed to secondhand smoke are sick more often than children who live in homes where no one smokes and that the children of smokers are more than twice as likely to develop lung cancer when they are adults as are children of nonsmokers.The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke People are becoming very aware of the dangersof secondhand smoke. __________ (50)A Recently，though，scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers.B The Gilsons have been married for 35 years.C 111is smoke is called secondhand smoke.D However, secondhand smoke is dangerous to all people，old or young.E As a result，they have passed laws which prohibit people from smoking in many public places. .F In the United States，nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.答案解析46 B 前一句主要讲的是，Gilson与妻子Evelyn生活在一起，而Evelyn自打他们结婚以来一直是差不多每天一包烟。

2016职称英语理工类单项练习：补全短文General Elections in Britain are usually held only once every five years. Governments can seem to be remote from the people they represent. The process of protesting about government actions is very slow, even though everyone is permitted direct contact to their member of Parliament. (46)Pressure groups will seek to influence those who have political power, such as members of Parliament. (47) If members of a pressure group feel that there is public support from outside their group for their demands, they will tell members of Parliament about this.Pressure groups will thus seek to get support from the public. A powerful way of doing this is by making use of the mass media. (48) Meanwhile, the group will have to be sure of its facts, and fact-finding is thus an important part of its work. Up-to-date information can be made known to members of Parliament and to the general public.Pressure groups will not only seek to make their causes known to government, but also try to inform and influence the public. (49)Pressure groups may support political parties, but will lay stress only on some of their policies. For instance, the Monday Club will support the more right-wing policies of the Conservative Party. (50)A A good example of this sort of activity is provided by the educational work of "Shelter", which fights for better housing for poor people.B They will want to tell them what policy their interest demands.C For all these reasons there is something of a vacuum between government and the governed, which pressure groups help to fill.D There can also be public meetings, demonstrations, etc.E Governments always stay close to the people.F However, a pressure group is not a political party, because it does not seek complete or continuous political power.参考答案：C B D A F更多职称英语考试免费资料请访问“新东方在线职称英语频道”。

2016职称英语理工类备考习题：补全短文Everywhere you look, you see kids bouncing a basketball or waving a tennis racquet (网球拍). And these kids are getting younger and younger. In some countries, children can compete on basketball, baseball, and volleyball teams starting at age nine. (46) And swimming and gymnastics classes begin at age four, to prepare children for competition.It's true that a few of these kids will develop into highly skilled athletes and may even become members of the national Olympic teams. (47) This emphasis on competition in sports is having serious negative effects.Children who get involved in competitive sports at a young age often grow tired of their sport. Many parents pressure their kids to choose one sport and devote all their time to it. (48) But 66 percent of the young athletes wanted to play more than one sport-for fun.Another problem is the pressure imposed by over-competitive parents and coaches. Children are not naturally competitive. In fact, a recent study by Paulo David found that most children don't even understand the idea of competition until they are seven years old. (49)The third, and biggest, problem for young athletes is the lack of time to do their homework, have fun, be with friends-in short, time to be kids. When they areforced to spend every afternoon at sports practice, they often start to hate their chosen sport. A searchers found that 70 percent of kids who take part in competitive sports before the of twelve quit before they turn eighteen. (50) Excessive competitive away all the enjoyment.Need to remember the purpose of youth sports - to give kids a chance to have developing strong, healthy bodies.A.But what about the others, the average kids?B.The youth soccer organization has teams for children as young as five.C.A survey found that 79 percent of parents of young athletes wanted their children concentrate on one sport.D.Very young kids don't know why their parents are pushing them so hard.E.Sports for children have two important purposes.F.Many of them completely lose interest in sports.参考答案：46 D 47 F 48 A 49 C 50 B更多职称英语考试免费资料请访问“新东方在线职称英语频道”。

职称英语考试/备考辅导2016年职称英语理工类补全短文复习(10)StonehengeStonehenge,the mysterious ring of ancient monoliths from the dawn of Britain’s proud civilization,could be the work of a central European immigrant,archaeologists said not long ago in a shock statement.An early Bronze Agearcher,whose grave was discovered near the stone circle1 last year,may have helped build the monument. 1 .Or he might have brought up in a region neighboring Switzerland,such as southern Germany or western Austria.The archer“would have been a very important person in the Stonehenge area,”said Andrew Fitzpatrick,Wessex Archaeology’s project manager.“It is fascinating to think that someone from abroad could have played an important part in the construction of Britain’s most famous archaeological site.”The 4,000-year-old man was identified as an archer because of the flint arrowheads2found by his body,along with other artifacts belonging to the Beaker Culture3 in the Alps during the Bronze Age.2 Though it could be coincidence that the man lived close to Stonehenge at about the time the great stones were put in place4,archaeologists suspect that he was involved in constructing the monument.The archer,dubbed“The King of Stonehenge”by the British press,1ived around 2300 B.C.,about the time the great stone circle was formed in Amesbury,120 kilometers southwest of London.The splendid artifacts found in his grave indicated he was a man of wealth,leading archaeologists to speculate he was an important dignitary involved in the monument’screation.Stonehenge was built about the time the rich Beaker Culture came to Britain. 34 He was strongly built but suffered an accident a few years before his death that severed his left knee cap5.Truman said the cause of deathwas not known,but it could have been a bone infection caused by his leg injury.Archaeologists also found the grave of a younger man,aged 20 to 25,nearby. 5 This indicated they were related and were possibly father and son.Tests on the younger man’s tooth enamel showed that he grew up in Britain.The archaeologists thus speculated the archer lived in Britain for many years and had a family,and was not just passing through6.词汇：Stonehenge n.(英格兰南部)巨石阵 Alps 阿尔卑斯山monolith n.独块巨石 Germany 德国bronze n.青铜 Austria 奥地利archer n.射手 dignitary n.高贵的人物Switzerland 瑞士 Celtic adj.凯尔特人的flint n.燧石 dub v.把……称为artifact n.史前古器物 sever v.截断,切割Beaker Culture(青铜器时代)宽口陶器人文化 enamel n.珐琅注释：1. stone circle：巨石圆阵。